A Study on Mathematical Statistics to Evaluate Relationship between AttributesIJMER
The goodness of fit of a statistical model describes how well it fits a set of observations. Measures of
goodness of fit typically summarize the discrepancy between observed values and the values expected under the
model in question. Such measures can be used in statistical hypothesis testing, e.g. to test for normality of
residuals, to test whether two samples are drawn from identical distributions (see Kolmogorov–Smirnov test), or
whether outcome frequencies follow a specified distribution (see Pearson's chi-squared test).
Impact of E-WOM, Social Networking Sites and Perceived Value on Purchase Inte...Hassaan Elahi
This research is being carried out in order to determine whether the purchase intentions of cosmetic product customers living in Karachi are influenced by electronic word of mouth marketing, perceived value of the product and social networking sites and how these variables are influencing the purchase decisions of online buyers. The study also focuses on finding the significance of perceived value, social networking sites and e-WOM in influencing the purchase intentions of customers of cosmetic products living in Karachi. It was really important for us to conduct the research on this topic in order to find out the gap between our research and the previous researches that have been conducted in different countries of the world. The pathway undertaken in this paper was explanatory research which served as a basis for our data collection and analysis as we had to check the existence of any potential relationship that may exist between our dependent and independent variables. We have used 150 respondents for the sample size of this research. The target population for our research were women who are the ultimate users of cosmetic products and brands. The sampling technique used in our research was systematic random technique. The instrument that we chose for our data collection was questionnaires which consist of Likert scale questions. We have analyzed our data and determined the relationship that exist between our dependent variable and independent variables by using one sample t-test technique. The result of the test concludes that each of our independent variable (e-WOM, social networking sites and perceived value) has an impact on our dependent variable which is purchase intentions of customers of cosmetic products. Finally, at the end of this report, we have also provided the conclusions and discussions based on our understanding of previous literatures and knowledge that we gained while conducting this research. The implications and recommendations were also provided in this research to facilitate our various stakeholders and to solve the problems that were the focus of this research. Lastly, we have also given the limitations of this research at the end of the report.
A Study on Mathematical Statistics to Evaluate Relationship between AttributesIJMER
The goodness of fit of a statistical model describes how well it fits a set of observations. Measures of
goodness of fit typically summarize the discrepancy between observed values and the values expected under the
model in question. Such measures can be used in statistical hypothesis testing, e.g. to test for normality of
residuals, to test whether two samples are drawn from identical distributions (see Kolmogorov–Smirnov test), or
whether outcome frequencies follow a specified distribution (see Pearson's chi-squared test).
Impact of E-WOM, Social Networking Sites and Perceived Value on Purchase Inte...Hassaan Elahi
This research is being carried out in order to determine whether the purchase intentions of cosmetic product customers living in Karachi are influenced by electronic word of mouth marketing, perceived value of the product and social networking sites and how these variables are influencing the purchase decisions of online buyers. The study also focuses on finding the significance of perceived value, social networking sites and e-WOM in influencing the purchase intentions of customers of cosmetic products living in Karachi. It was really important for us to conduct the research on this topic in order to find out the gap between our research and the previous researches that have been conducted in different countries of the world. The pathway undertaken in this paper was explanatory research which served as a basis for our data collection and analysis as we had to check the existence of any potential relationship that may exist between our dependent and independent variables. We have used 150 respondents for the sample size of this research. The target population for our research were women who are the ultimate users of cosmetic products and brands. The sampling technique used in our research was systematic random technique. The instrument that we chose for our data collection was questionnaires which consist of Likert scale questions. We have analyzed our data and determined the relationship that exist between our dependent variable and independent variables by using one sample t-test technique. The result of the test concludes that each of our independent variable (e-WOM, social networking sites and perceived value) has an impact on our dependent variable which is purchase intentions of customers of cosmetic products. Finally, at the end of this report, we have also provided the conclusions and discussions based on our understanding of previous literatures and knowledge that we gained while conducting this research. The implications and recommendations were also provided in this research to facilitate our various stakeholders and to solve the problems that were the focus of this research. Lastly, we have also given the limitations of this research at the end of the report.
A good research practice is to collect secondary data and analyze it completely before analyzing primary research data. This is because primary data addresses the issue at hand, unlike secondary data which is used to analyze all the other ‘related’ issues to the problem under concern. To be more precise, secondary data is mostly related to background information and can only add to or support the information that is later generated from primary research.
This PPT will give details about
Sampling Introduction
Types of Probability Sampling
Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Sampling Frame
Determination of Sample Size
Link for other units are provided below .Kindly check that also
Unit-I
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unitiresearch-and-its-various-process
Unit-II
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unit-iidata-collection
Unit-iii
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitiiisampling
Unit-IV
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitivmeasurement-and-data-preperationfor-bbabcommba-and-for-other-ug-and-pg-students
Unit-V
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitvreseach-report-for-bcom-bba-mba-and-other-ug-and-pg-courses
This research PPT will deal with the entire research process containing 10 Steps of research. From formulation to the preparation of the report.
#Research Process #Research Steps # Steps in Research process.
Local Economic Development in the urban context a missed opportunityNachman Shelef
Presented to the Milken-Koret fellows program 2011
Abstract: After more than 50 years of massive investment in Local Economic Development (LED) worldwide, what has been learned regarding what works and what does not? If in the past economic development was focused on employment generation, today the accepted definitions of LED are much more intricate – they define the purpose of LED as achieving “quality of life for all” and the process as a collective effort of “public, business and non-governmental sector partners“. This sober view has developed over decades of huge but mostly fruitless investments in LED worldwide, in three waves, that where kicked off by the success of the Marshal Plan.
Have the lessons of the past been learned or do we keep investing in approaches that have failed in the past? Unfortunately not, we still see; Top down efforts by central government to lead LED programs, instead of a participatory approach, including all stakeholders and sectors, led by local government. A focus on outside big business transplant, instead of support of innovation, entrepreneurship and policies focused on the success of local businesses. Attempts to jumpstart and support LED over entire regions, instead of focusing on cities as the true engines of economic growth.
Why have the leading LED practitioners worldwide focused on cities and urban economic development over the last decade? Urbanization matters - economic growth and urbanization are bi-directionally causally connected - “no country in the industrial age has ever achieved significant economic growth without urbanization.”. 1.2 billion people living in the 40 mega-metro regions worldwide produce around 70% of world output and 85% of all innovations. 5 billion people living in 191 countries produce the rest. A resident of a mega-metro is 8 times as productive in goods, and 24 times as productive in innovations. Cities are engines of economic growth, they manufacture wealth. Why is this so?
Cities have natural economic advantages that include internal scale economies and external agglomeration economies. But poor city design can undermine these advantages and create barriers to economic development, whereas good city design can enhance these advantages. How can we leverage the natural economic advantages of cities with good city design? Compact mixed-use development that focuses on pedestrian and public transport access is key.
How does the urban economy develop? How can we jumpstart economic development, when it is missing, in Israeli cities? Viewing economic development in the context of a network of interrelated towns and cities clarifies that different types of towns and cities, within the network, require different approaches to LED. Great cities that generate more wealth than they consume require one approach for continued development. Towns and cities within the region of a great city require a second approach. Towns that are outside the region of a great city require a third approach and lastly cities that are not great require a forth approach.
A good research practice is to collect secondary data and analyze it completely before analyzing primary research data. This is because primary data addresses the issue at hand, unlike secondary data which is used to analyze all the other ‘related’ issues to the problem under concern. To be more precise, secondary data is mostly related to background information and can only add to or support the information that is later generated from primary research.
This PPT will give details about
Sampling Introduction
Types of Probability Sampling
Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Sampling Frame
Determination of Sample Size
Link for other units are provided below .Kindly check that also
Unit-I
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unitiresearch-and-its-various-process
Unit-II
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unit-iidata-collection
Unit-iii
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitiiisampling
Unit-IV
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitivmeasurement-and-data-preperationfor-bbabcommba-and-for-other-ug-and-pg-students
Unit-V
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitvreseach-report-for-bcom-bba-mba-and-other-ug-and-pg-courses
This research PPT will deal with the entire research process containing 10 Steps of research. From formulation to the preparation of the report.
#Research Process #Research Steps # Steps in Research process.
Local Economic Development in the urban context a missed opportunityNachman Shelef
Presented to the Milken-Koret fellows program 2011
Abstract: After more than 50 years of massive investment in Local Economic Development (LED) worldwide, what has been learned regarding what works and what does not? If in the past economic development was focused on employment generation, today the accepted definitions of LED are much more intricate – they define the purpose of LED as achieving “quality of life for all” and the process as a collective effort of “public, business and non-governmental sector partners“. This sober view has developed over decades of huge but mostly fruitless investments in LED worldwide, in three waves, that where kicked off by the success of the Marshal Plan.
Have the lessons of the past been learned or do we keep investing in approaches that have failed in the past? Unfortunately not, we still see; Top down efforts by central government to lead LED programs, instead of a participatory approach, including all stakeholders and sectors, led by local government. A focus on outside big business transplant, instead of support of innovation, entrepreneurship and policies focused on the success of local businesses. Attempts to jumpstart and support LED over entire regions, instead of focusing on cities as the true engines of economic growth.
Why have the leading LED practitioners worldwide focused on cities and urban economic development over the last decade? Urbanization matters - economic growth and urbanization are bi-directionally causally connected - “no country in the industrial age has ever achieved significant economic growth without urbanization.”. 1.2 billion people living in the 40 mega-metro regions worldwide produce around 70% of world output and 85% of all innovations. 5 billion people living in 191 countries produce the rest. A resident of a mega-metro is 8 times as productive in goods, and 24 times as productive in innovations. Cities are engines of economic growth, they manufacture wealth. Why is this so?
Cities have natural economic advantages that include internal scale economies and external agglomeration economies. But poor city design can undermine these advantages and create barriers to economic development, whereas good city design can enhance these advantages. How can we leverage the natural economic advantages of cities with good city design? Compact mixed-use development that focuses on pedestrian and public transport access is key.
How does the urban economy develop? How can we jumpstart economic development, when it is missing, in Israeli cities? Viewing economic development in the context of a network of interrelated towns and cities clarifies that different types of towns and cities, within the network, require different approaches to LED. Great cities that generate more wealth than they consume require one approach for continued development. Towns and cities within the region of a great city require a second approach. Towns that are outside the region of a great city require a third approach and lastly cities that are not great require a forth approach.
Gezgin, U. B. (2010). Environmental psychology, urban planning and economics: Intersections, crossroads & tangents. (Paper to be presented at ACP 2011: the Asian Conference on Psychology and the Behavioral Sciences 2011. 20-22 March 2011, Osaka, Japan.) Gezgin, U. B. (2011). Environmental psychology, urban planning and economics: Intersections, crossroads & tangents. (Paper prepared for ACP 2011: the Asian Conference on Psychology and the Behavioral Sciences 2011. 20-22 March 2011, Osaka, Japan.) Full text published in ACP Conference Proceedings, pp.50-67, ISSN: 2186-615X. http://www.iafor.org/ACP_Proceedings_2011.pdf
Changing Consumer Behavior towards e-commerce in IndiaDigital Vidya
Interested in learning about changing consumer behavior towards e-commerce in India? You will find this deck presented during Webinar for Nichepro Technology's community relevant and useful. You may want to check our upcoming hands-on, case study driven Digital Marketing Trainings at http://www.digitalvidya.com.
I. Management Research Project: “Consumer Behavior towards Malls in Ghaziabad”
Malls Covered – Shipra Mall, East Delhi Mall, Pacific Mall and Ansal Plaza
A study of buying behaviour of working adults towards branded apparels in sel...Shubha Brota Raha
The Indian apparel market has demonstrated resilience and growth in an environment characterized by slow economic growth. The domestic apparel market, which was worth INR 207,400 crore (~USD 38 billion) as of 2012, is expected to grow at a compound average growth rate (CAGR) of 9% over the next decade. After food and grocery, it is the 2nd biggest category under organized as well as unorganized retail. Further, on 7 December 2012, the Federal Government of India allowed 51% FDI in multi-brand retail in India.
The face of Indian apparel market is changing very fast. A new class of customers with more money to spend, and a growing passion for fashion, has been generated by swift development and rising urbanization. In India’s high-growth, fast-changing retail clothing market, one can see significant new growth opportunities for foreign and domestic players. Much has been talked about all these issues viz. future of apparel retail in India, the impact of foreign players on the domestic apparel retailers etc. But we should not forget that customers are the end beneficiary of all the retail activities. As a democratic country with high growth rates, the consumer spending has risen sharply as the youth population (33 percent of India‘s population is below the age of 15) has seen a significant increase in its disposable income. The apparel fashion plays a paramount role in shaping apparel consumerism. As lifestyles change, fashion in India is becoming more diversified, as in the Western countries. Technology, ideas and lifestyles are moving concurrently and quickly. Indian market has high complexities in terms of a wide geographic spread and distinct consumer preferences varying by each region necessitating a need for localization even within the geographic zones. Companies and brands that offered monotonous and mundane products for years, have now multiplied their product ranges and new appealing styles, shapes and forms are being launched each season by them. Hence, it becomes crucial to find out the perception of customers towards the various retail developments in apparel segment and the factors responsible for choosing a particular apparel store.
In the view of the above, an attempt was made not only to analyze the customers’ perception towards various retail developments in apparel segment but also to find out their buying behaviour with special reference to three select regions in India – Delhi & NCR, Mumbai and Bangalore.
When a women is buying cosmetic, what all are the points that she keeps in mind?
Read and you will know!
A brief study on the consumer behavior when it comes to cosmetics.
A Study on Customer Satisfaction towards Online Shopping in Filpkart in Coimb...ijtsrd
Flipkart are one of the leading online shopping websites in India. In this paper an attempt has been made to find customers satisfaction towards and flipkart. A sample of 50respondent's were conveniently selected from Coimbatore District. The findings were analyzed using simple percentage analysis, ranking test. Findings reveal that female customers whose annual income is high are highly satisfied towards and flipkart. The research also concludes that even though is giving branded and quality product but customer are very much attracted towards the best services of flipkart. R. Maheswari | N. Sandhiya "A Study on Customer Satisfaction towards Online Shopping in Filpkart in Coimbatorecity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29267.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/consumer-behaviour/29267/a-study-on-customer-satisfaction-towards-online-shopping-in-filpkart-in-coimbatorecity/r-maheswari
A Study on Customer’s Perception and Preferences towards Shopping Malls in Ch...ijtsrd
Shopping malls offered many advantages over the traditional markets. Pleasant ambience, protection from extreme weather conditions, convenience in terms of escalators and lifts, comfort of shopping, eating and watching movies at the same place, wide choice of shops, range of food options through food courts to name a few. However, the rush to be there in the mall boom has not gone well with all the malls. As the number of malls in the same locality was going up, some of the malls started struggling to survive. The study has identified the factors influencing positioning of malls in Chennai. Dr. R Sangeetha "A Study on Customer’s Perception and Preferences towards Shopping Malls in Chennai City" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49189.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/49189/a-study-on-customer’s-perception-and-preferences-towards-shopping-malls-in-chennai-city/dr-r-sangeetha
https://utilitasmathematica.com/index
Our Journal has commitment to inclusivity extends beyond the content of our publications. We are dedicated to creating an inclusive space in all aspects of our operations, from the selection of editorial board members to the review process. By actively seeking out and amplifying voices that have historically been underrepresented in statistical research, we aim to ensure that the journal serves as a platform for diverse perspectives.
Our journal professionals and academics, engaging in knowledge and experience exchange opens up a world of opportunities. Attending conferences, workshops, and seminars allows individuals to stay updated with the latest advancements in their fields. Networking with peers, mentors, and experts can lead to collaborations, job offers, and career advancements.
by mezgebu. consumer behavior of fashion presentation.pptxMezgebuTesfaye4
Consumer's behaviour towards fashion affects in all the stages of fashion product development to marketing. The factors may vary with the age group of fashion consumers. Knowledge, interest and confidence towards buying are the other factors to be considered in knowing the behavior of fashion consumer.
Complete the following assignments using excel and the following tLynellBull52
Complete the following assignments using excel and the following template:
· Assignment – Statement
· Identify Business Problem -
“Define Problem statement [aka Case Analysis Assignment]”
· Analytics Tools and Models used and results
· Interpretation, Discussion, and Analysis of Findings and Results –
Interpretation, Discussion, and Analysis of outcomes and results of Analytics Tools and Models used
· Tip: Support your Interpretation, Discussion, and Analysis of Results with the numbers you developed in your:
· Analytics Tools and Models used results
· Business Analytics Case Analysis EXCEL model(s) and outcomes and results
· Recommendations
Assignment information:
The worksheet Purchasing Survey in the Performance Lawn Care database provides data related to predicting the level of business (Usage Level) obtained from a third-party survey of purchasing managers of customers Performance Lawn Care.
The seven PLE attributes rated by each respondent are
8 The data and description of this case are based on the HATCO example on pages 28–29 in Joseph F. Hair, Jr., Rolph E. Anderson, Ronald L. Tatham, and William C. Black, Multivariate Analysis, 5th ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1998).
· Delivery speed —the amount of time it takes to deliver the product once an order is confirmed
· Price level —the perceived level of price charged by PLE
· Price flexibility —the perceived willingness of PLE representatives to negotiate price on all types of purchases
· Manufacturing image —the overall image of the manufacturer
· Overall service —the overall level of service necessary for maintaining a satisfactory relationship between PLE and the purchaser
· Sales force image —the overall image of the PLE’s sales force
· Product quality —perceived level of quality
Responses to these seven variables were obtained using a graphic rating scale, where a 10-centimeter line was drawn between endpoints labeled “poor” and “excellent.” Respondents indicated their perceptions using a mark on the line, which was measured from the left endpoint. The result was a scale from 0 to 10 rounded to one decimal place.
Two measures were obtained that reflected the outcomes of the respondent’s purchase relationships with PLE:
· Usage level —how much of the firm’s total product is purchased from PLE, measured on a 100-point scale, ranging from 0% to 100%
· Satisfaction level —how satisfied the purchaser is with past purchases from PLE, measured on the same graphic rating scale as perceptions 1 through 7
The data also include four characteristics of the responding firms:
· Size of firm —size relative to others in this market (0=small;1=large)(0=small;1=large)
· Purchasing structure —the purchasing method used in a particular company (1=centralized procurement,0=dec ...
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Marie Claire - Origin and Evolution of the Magazine. AaliyaGujral
The objectives of the research are the following
To critically analyze and understand the consumer preferences for magazines in today’s context
To understand the origin, history and evolution of Marie Claire.
To examine its position in the current market and context, individually as well as in terms of its competitors.
To analyse and decode its individualistic formats, layouts, content and cover pages and their evolution.
To bring to light the perception of readers towards Marie Claire as a magazine.
This project is a result of the combined effort by Aaliya Gujral , Amrit Kiran Kaur and Kadambari Manocha.
Avoid these four mistakes in marketing researchVikas Mittal
In marketing research, four errors abound: non-response error, coverage error, sampling error, and measurement error. The slideshow describes these errors and shows how they can be mitigated. Useful for marketing research courses, marketing departments, and customer-based insights.
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
Remote sensing and monitoring are changing the mining industry for the better. These are providing innovative solutions to long-standing challenges. Those related to exploration, extraction, and overall environmental management by mining technology companies Odisha. These technologies make use of satellite imaging, aerial photography and sensors to collect data that might be inaccessible or from hazardous locations. With the use of this technology, mining operations are becoming increasingly efficient. Let us gain more insight into the key aspects associated with remote sensing and monitoring when it comes to mining.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
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Shopping behavior of urban households for apparels and accessories on discounts and offers
1. 1 | P a g e
A Project Proposal
On
“Shopping behavior of urban households for apparels and
accessories on discounts and offers”
Under the Guidance of:
Prof.
SUBMITTED TO:
MS Ramaiah Management Institute, Bangalore
Submitted by,
S Athaullah
2. 2 | P a g e
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title
Page No
1
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
3
2
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
4
3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
5
4
ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH UNDERTAKEN
8
5
FINDINGS AND CONCLISION
20
3. 3 | P a g e
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objective is to determine the shopping behavior of urban households for
apparels and accessories on discounts and offers.
To analyze the opinion/preferences of consumer towards discounts and
offers.
To study the consumer preference towards online purchasing and direct
purchasing.
To analyze the problems after purchasing on discounts and offers.
4. 4 | P a g e
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the study is to identify shopping behavior of urban households. It is
aimed to identify the shopping behavior of urban households for apparels and
accessories on discounts and offers. The scope of the study is only confined to the
area covered under Bangalore and only confined in studying about the shopping
behavior of urban households.
LIMITATIONS:
As this survey was restricted to Bangalore this cannot be stated as an in depth
research on this subject.
Enough care is taken in formulating the questionnaire, still some errors may
creep in.
The shopping behavior of consumer varies according to different products.
The project is based on the interview methodology by a sutured questionnaire and
the personal skills of the person undertaking the project affect the results.
5. 5 | P a g e
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The survey technique is intended to secure one or more items of information from a
sample of respondents who are representatives of a larger group. The information is
recorded on a form known as questionnaire. As data are gathered by asking questions
from persons who are believed to have desired information, the method is known as
questionnaire technique.
REASONS FOR WIDE USE OF THIS METHOD:
It can secure both quantitative and qualitative information directly from the
respondents.
It is the only method of directly measuring attitudes and motivations.
It is quite flexible in terms of the types of data to be assembled, the method of
collection or the timing of research.
Meaning of Research
According to D. Slessinger and M. Stephenson in the Encyclopedia of social
sciences define research as the manipulation of things, concepts or symbols for the
purpose of generalizing to extend, correct or verify knowledge, whether that
knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the practice of art´.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
1. Exploratory Research,
2. Descriptive Research,
Exploratory Research:
Exploratory research studies are also termed as formulate research studies.
The main purpose of such studies in that of formulating a problem for more precise
6. investigation or of developing the working hypothesis forms an operational point of
view.
6 | P a g e
Descriptive Research:
Diagnostic Research studies determine the frequency with something occurs
or its association with something else. In this project, information pertaining to
customer needs satisfaction and their demographic profile was collected; hence it is
a descriptive research.
1) Primary data: Meaning: Primary sources of data are the data which needs the
personal efforts of collect it and which are not readily available. Primary source of
data are the other type of source through which the data was collected.
Following are few ways in the data was collected:
1. Questionnaires: It is the set of questions on a sheet of paper was being given to
fill it, bases on which the data was interpreted.
2. Direct interviewing: Direct interviewing involved the process where I asked the
questions directly to the customers and I got the feedback.
2) Secondary data: Secondary sources are the other important sources through
which the data was collected.
These are the readily available sources of the data where one had need not put much
effort to collected, because it is already been collected and part in an elderly manner
by some researcher, experts and special.
The secondary sources helpful for the study were
7. 1) Text books like marketing management research methodology Advertisement
and sales promotion etc.
2) Internet was made use for the collection of the data
3) Newspapers were also referred.
4) Business magazines were referred.
3) Sample size: By using judgment random sampling technique 100 respondents are
selected for the purpose of the study.
7 | P a g e
4) Period of study: The study is undertaken in the duration of 30days.
5) Research approach: The survey method was adopted for collected the primary
data. Survey research is systematic gathering of data from respondent through
questionnaire.
6) Research instrument: The data for this research study was collected by survey
technic using interview method guided by questionnaire.
7) Collection of Data: Questionnaire and personal interviews are the methods that
I have used for collecting the data.
8. 8 | P a g e
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Q1) Respondents in Gender?
Table no1 – Number of Respondents in Gender
Sample size: 30
ANALYSIS
Gender No of Customers Percentage
Male 12 40%
Female 18 60%
The above table shows 40% of the respondents are male, 60% of the respondents are
female
Chart No 1 - Showing Respondents in Gender
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Sample size: 30
12
18
Respondents in Gender
male Female
INTERPRETATION
From the above graph we can interpret that majority of the respondents are Female and other are
male
9. 9 | P a g e
Q2) Age groups?
Table No – 2 Customers Age groups
Less than 25 9 30%
25-35 6 20%
35-45 11 36%
46-55 4 13%
56 and above 0 0%
Sample size: 30
Age Groups No of customers Percentage
ANALYSIS
The above table shows 30% of customers are age group of less than 25 & 20% are age group of
25-35 & 36% are age group of 35-45 & 13% are age group of 46-55 and 0% of them are age group
of 56 and above
Chart No – 2 Showing Customer Age groups
Sample size: 30
Age groups of respondents
9
6
11
4
0
Less than 25 25-35 36-45 46-55 56 and above
INTERPRETATION
From the above graph we can interpret that majority of the respondents are age group of 36-45
10. 10 | P a g e
Q3) Income per month?
Table No3 – Respondents Income Level per month
Income per month No of Customers Percentage
Less than 10000 3 10%
Sample size: 30
Analysis
10000-20000 10 33%
20000-30000 8 26%
30000-40000 9 30%
40000 and above 0 0%
Above Table shows 10% of customers belong to income level of less than 10000 per month &
33% of customers belong to 10000-20000 income per month & 26% of customers belong to 20000-
30000 income per month & 30% of customers belong to income per month of 30000-40000 per
month and reaming 0% of customers belong to 40000 and above
Chart No3 – Showing Respondents Income Level per month
10
8
6
4
2
0
3
LESS THAN
Sample size: 30
Series1
10000
Income levels
10
8
9
10000-20000 20000-30000 30000-40000 40000 AND
ABOVE
INTERPRETATION
From the above graph we can interpret that majority of respondents belong to income level of
10000-20000 per month
11. 11 | P a g e
Q4) How frequently do you go for shopping households?
Table No4 – Respondents frequently shopping households
Frequent visit No of Customers Percentage
Twice in a week 11 36%
Once in a week 4 13%
Once in 15days 8 26%
As and when required 7 23%
Sample size: 30
Analysis
Above Table shows that 36% of respondent shop twice in a week & 13% of respondents shop once
in a week & 26% visit once in 15days & 23% of respondents shop as and when required
Chart No4 –Showing Respondents frequently shopping households
As and when required
Once in every 15 days
Sample size: 30
Frequent shopping households
11
4
8
7
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Once in a week
Twice in a week
INTERPRETATION
Above Graph shows that majority of customers shop twice in a week & 8% shop once in 15days
12. 12 | P a g e
Q5) Where do you prefer to shop apparels and accessories?
Table No5 – Respondents prefer to shop apparels and accessories
Purpose of Purchase No of Customers Percentage
Online 18 60%
Offline 12 40%
Sample size: 30
Analysis
Above Table shows that 60% respondents prefer to shop online & 40% of respondents prefer to
shop Offline
Chart No5 – Showing preference to shop apparels and accessories
Sample size: 30
Prefer to shop apparels & accessories
60%
40%
Online
Offline
INTERPRETATION
From the above Graph we can see that 40% of the respondents Prefer to shop offline & majority
of 60% prefer to shop online
13. 13 | P a g e
Q6) When do you purchase more (in bulk) appeals and accessories?
Table No6 – Respondents when purchase more
Types of Products No of Customers Percentage
More discounts 15 50%
More Offers 13 43%
Other 2 7%
Sample size: 30
ANALYSIS
The above table shows that 50% of respondent purchase more when there are more offers on the
products & 43% of respondents respondents
Chart No6 – Showing when respondents purchase more
Sample size: 30
Respondents purchased more
More Discounts More Offers Any other
INTERPRETATION
From the above Graph we can see that majority 50% of respondents purchased more when there
are more discounts on the products
14. 14 | P a g e
Q7) What is the reason that influences you to purchase offline?
Table No7 – Respondents influences to purchase offline
Assistance from staff No of Customers Percentage
More discounts & offers 10 33%
Feeling the product before buying 13 43%
Services provided after purchase 6 20%
Other 1 4%
Sample size: 30
ANALYSIS
The above table shows that 33% of respondents purchase offline because of more discounts &
offers & 43% of them purchase because they can they feel the product before buying
Chart No7 – Showing influence of respondents to purchase offline
Infulenced to buy offline
Other
Services provided after purchase
Sample size: 30
10
13
6
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Feeling the products
Discounts & Offers
INTERPRETATION
From the above Graph we decide that 13% majority of respondents are influenced to buy offline
because of feeling of the products before buying
15. 15 | P a g e
Q8) What is the reason that influences you to purchase online?
Table No8 – Respondents influenced to purchase online
Assistance from staff No of Customers Percentage
More discounts & offers 12 40%
Flexibility in purchase 1 7 57%
Other 1 3%
Sample size: 30
ANALYSIS
The above table shows that 40% of respondents are influenced to buy online because of more
discounts & offers & 57% of respondents because of flexibility in purchase & 3% of respondents
because other reasons
Chart No8 – Showing respondents influenced to buy online
Flexiblity in
purchasing,
17, 57%
Sample size: 30
Discounts &
Offers , 12,
40%
Other, 1, 3%
INTERPRETATION
From the above Graph we decide that 57% majority of respondents are influenced to buy online
because of flexibility in purchasing
16. Q9) Your satisfied levels with the household products that are purchased on
offers & discounts?
Table No9 – Customer satisfaction levels for products purchased on offers & discounts
16 | P a g e
Satisfaction level No of respondents Percentage
Highly satisfied 5 16%
Satisfied 13 43%
Dissatisfied 4 14%
None 8 26%
Sample size: 30
ANALYSIS
The above table shows 16% of respondents are highly satisfied after buying on offers and
discounts & 43% of respondents are satisfied & 14% are dissatisfied and 26% none
Chart No9 – Showing Customer Satisfaction levels for products purchased on offers &
discounts
14
12
10
Sample size: 30
8
6
4
2
0
5
13
4
8
Highly Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Non
INTERPRETATION
From the above graph we can decide that 43% majority of respondents are satisfied with the
products that are purchased on offers and discounts
17. Q10) Online purchasing is better than Offline purchasing of household
apparels and accessories?
17 | P a g e
Table No9 – Respondents Agreed to purchasing is better than online
Satisfaction level No of respondents Percentage
Strongly agreed 17 56%
Agreed 6 20%
Disagreed 3 10%
None 4 14%
Sample size: 30
ANALYSIS
The above table shows 56% of respondents are strongly agreed & 20% of respondents are agreed
& 10% of respondents are disagreed and 14% of them as non
Chart No9 – Showing Agreed to purchasing is better than online
Sample size: 30
17
3
6
4
agrred Strongly agreed agrred Agreed agrred Disagreed agrred Non
INTERPRETATION
From the above graph we can decide that 56% majority of respondents are strongly agreed for
online is better than offline shopping
18. 18 | P a g e
Questionnaire
Dear Sir/Madam, as a part of research, a survey is taken up to study the
shopping behavior of urban households for apparels and accessories on
discounts and offers
Q1) Name: ……………………………….. Gender: Male( ) Female( )
Phone No: ………………………….. E-mail Id: ………………………………
Q2) Age:
(a) Less than 25 (b) 25 - 35 (c) 36 - 45 (d) 46 – 55
(e) 56 and above
Q3) Marital Status:
(a) Married (b) Unmarried
Q4) Income:
(a) Less than 10000 (b) 10000-20000 (c) 20000-30000
(d) 30000-40000 (e) 40000 and above
Q5) How frequently do you go for shopping households?
(a) Twice in a week (b) Once in a week (c) Once in every 15days
(d) As and when required
Q6) Where do you prefer to shop apparels and accessories?
(a) Online (b) Offline
19. 19 | P a g e
Q7) When do you purchase more (in bulk) apparels and accessories?
(a) More Discounts (b) More Offers
(c) Any Other, Please specify …………………………
Q8) What is the reason that influences you to purchase offline?
(a) Discounts & Offers (b) Feeling the product before buying
(c) Services provided after purchase (d) Other
Q9) What is the reason that influences you to purchase online?
(a) Discounts & Offers (b) Flexibility in purchase (c) Other
Q10) Your satisfied levels with the household products that are purchased on
offers & discounts?
(a) Highly satisfied (b) Satisfied (c) Dissatisfied (d) Non
Q11) Online purchasing is better than Offline purchasing of household apparels
and accessories?
(a) Strongly agreed (b) Agreed (c) Disagreed (d) Non
Q12) Please share your experience with the household products that are purchase
on offers and discounts?
A)……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………....................
20. 20 | P a g e
FINDINGS
From the responses of 30 customers the findings can be listed as:
As per the findings 60% of respondents are female from this survey
Majority of 36% of respondents shop households twice a week
It is found that 60% of respondents shop apparels and accessories online
when compared to offline
Respondents buy in bulk when they have more offers and discounts on the
household products
Found that majority of respondents prefer to shop offline because they can
feel the products before purchasing
Majority of respondents prefer to shop online because of flexibility in
perching
43% of respondents are satisfied with the household products purchased on
discounts and offers
Found that majority of respondents strongly agree that online shopping of
households is better than offline
