A shear wall is a vertical structural element used to resist horizontal forces such as wind and seismic forces. Shear walls are generally used in high-rise buildings where the effects of wind and seismic forces are more significant. Shear walls are usually provided along both the length and width of buildings and act like vertically-oriented beams that carry earthquake loads downwards to the foundation. Common types of shear walls include reinforced concrete, concrete block, steel, plywood, and mid-ply shear walls. Shear walls must provide the necessary lateral strength to resist horizontal earthquake forces and lateral stiffness to prevent excessive side-sway of the structure.
shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting system. Shear walls are constructed to counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure.
shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting system. Shear walls are constructed to counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure.
Basic points on earthquake resistant building
- Design considerations and different techniques employed to resist building from collapse during earthquake
OUTLINE
introduction
classification
loads
materials used
Type of reinforcement
RCC
construction methods in RCC
Analysis and design
Detailing
Basic Rules
Site visit
video
Structural systems in high rise building and analysis methodsDP NITHIN
This presentation is about the structural systems in tall buildings and also consists of overview of methods of analysis in tall buildings like linear and non linear seismic analysis.
The bundled tube structure meant that "buildings no longer need be boxlike in appearance: they could become sculpture." Hybrids. Hybrids include a varied category of structures where the basic concept of tube is used, and supplemented by other structural support(s).
framed tube structure
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Basic points on earthquake resistant building
- Design considerations and different techniques employed to resist building from collapse during earthquake
OUTLINE
introduction
classification
loads
materials used
Type of reinforcement
RCC
construction methods in RCC
Analysis and design
Detailing
Basic Rules
Site visit
video
Structural systems in high rise building and analysis methodsDP NITHIN
This presentation is about the structural systems in tall buildings and also consists of overview of methods of analysis in tall buildings like linear and non linear seismic analysis.
The bundled tube structure meant that "buildings no longer need be boxlike in appearance: they could become sculpture." Hybrids. Hybrids include a varied category of structures where the basic concept of tube is used, and supplemented by other structural support(s).
framed tube structure
structure tube furniture
structure tube canada
tube structural system
tube structure design
tube frame building kits
tube structure buildings
tube framed buildings
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
seminar topics pdf
best seminar topics for civil engineering
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2019
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CURTAIN WALL GLAZING
BY STUDENTS OF GATEWAY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
THIS PRESENTATION IS PREPARED BY STUDIES AND DATA COLLECTIONS PURELY FROM INTERNET.
WE HAVE NOT TRIED TO COPY ANY DATA BUT TO COLLECT THE RELEVANT IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING THE TOPIC IN ONE SINGLE PRESENTATION.
Waffle slab
Applications of waffle slab
Materials
Spans considerations
Purpose
Advantages & Disadvantages of waffle slab
Types of construction
Construction techniques
Types of supports provided
Construction details
Casting time of the slab
Design of waffle slab
reinforcement details
Types of grid slab
Waffle pods providers in india
Types of pods
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
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COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
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1PRESENTED BY
UMA MULLAPUDI
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WHAT IS A SHEAR WALL
S H EA R WA L L I S A V ER TI C A L S TR U C T U RAL
E L E ME N T U S ED T O R ES I S T TH E H O RI ZO N TA L
F O R C E S S U C H A S WI N D FO R C E , S E I S M I C
F O R C E . T H E S E F O R C ES A C TS PA R A L L E L TO
TH E P L A N E O F T H E WA L L . S H E A R WA L L S AR E
G E N E RA LL Y U S E D I N H I G H R I SE B U I L D I N G S
WH E R E E F FE C T O F WI N D FO R C E S A N D
2
WH E R E E F FE C T O F WI N D FO R C E S A N D
S E I S M I C F O R C E S I S MO R E.
WA L L TH I C K C A N V A R Y F R O M 150M M TO
40 0 MM .
2
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WHAT IS A SHEAR WALL BUILDING?
REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS OFTEN HAVE VERTICAL PLATE-LIKE RC
WALLS CALLED SHEAR WALLS IN ADDITION TO SLABS, BEAMS AND
COLUMNS. THESE WALLS GENERALLY START AT FOUNDATION LEVEL AND
ARE CONTINUOUS THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING HEIGHT. THEIR THICKNESS
CAN BE AS LOW AS 150MM, OR AS HIGH AS 400MM IN HIGH RISE
BUILDINGS. SHEAR WALLS ARE USUALLY PROVIDED ALONG BOTH LENGTH
3 3
BUILDINGS. SHEAR WALLS ARE USUALLY PROVIDED ALONG BOTH LENGTH
AND WIDTH OF BUILDINGS. SHEAR WALLS ARE LIKE VERTICALLY-ORIENTED
WIDE BEAMS THAT CARRY EARTHQUAKE LOADS DOWNWARDS TO THE
FOUNDATION.
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PLACEMENT OF SHEAR WALLS
• LOCATED SYMMETRICALLY TO AVOID ILL EFFECTS
OF TWISTING
• SYMMETRY CAN BE ALONG ONE OR BOTH THE
4 4
• SYMMETRY CAN BE ALONG ONE OR BOTH THE
DIRECTIONS.
• CAN BE LOCATED AT BOTH EXTERIOR OR INTERIOR
• MORE EFFECTIVE WHEN LOCATED ALONG EXTERIOR
(PERIMETER OF BUILDING).
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WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF A SHEAR WALL?
• SHEAR WALLS MUST PROVIDE THE NECESSARY LATERAL STRENGTH TO RESIST
HORIZONTAL EARTHQUAKE FORCES. WHEN SHEAR WALLS ARE STRONG
ENOUGH, THEY WILL TRANSFER THESE HORIZONTAL FORCES TO THE NEXT
ELEMENT IN THE LOAD PATH BELOW THEM. THESE OTHER COMPONENTS IN THE
LOAD PATH MAY BE OTHER SHEAR WALLS, FLOORS, FOUNDATION WALLS,
5
LOAD PATH MAY BE OTHER SHEAR WALLS, FLOORS, FOUNDATION WALLS,
SLABS OR FOOTINGS.
• SHEAR WALLS ALSO PROVIDE LATERAL STIFFNESS TO PREVENT THE ROOF OR
FLOOR ABOVE FROM EXCESSIVE SIDE-SWAY. WHEN SHEAR WALLS ARE STIFF
ENOUGH, THEY WILL PREVENT FLOOR AND ROOF FRAMING MEMBERS FROM
MOVING OFF THEIR SUPPORTS. ALSO, BUILDINGS THAT ARE SUFFICIENTLY STIFF
WILL USUALLY SUFFER LESS NONSTRUCTURAL DAMAGE.
5
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HOW SHEAR WALLS PROVIDE
STIFFNESS?
THE STIFFNESS OF THE SHEAR WALL, JUST LIKE ITS
STRENGTH, DEPENDS ON THE COMBINED STIFFNESS OF ITS
THREE COMPONENTS: LUMBER, SHEATHING AND FASTENERS.
THE SIZE AND GRADE OF END STUD(S), THICKNESS AND
GRADE OF SHEATHING, AND THE SHEATHING FASTENER
DIAMETER DETERMINE HOW FLEXIBLE
10
A WOOD SHEAR WALL WILL BE. WHEN PRESENT, HOLDOWN
DEVICES ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO THE OVERALL STIFFNESS OF
THE SHEAR WALL. IF HOLDOWN DEVICES STRETCH OR SLIP,
THE TOP OF
THE SHEAR WALL WILL MOVE HORIZONTALLY. THIS
HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT ADDS TO THE MOVEMENT ALLOWED
BY THE LUMBER, SHEATHING AND FASTENERS.
ANY ADDITI ONAL MOVEMENT FROM THE HOLDOWN WILL
REDUCE THE EFFECTIVE STIFFNESS OF THE SHEAR WALL. 10
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• REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS ARE WIDELY USED
SHEAR WALLS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS.
• THE REINFORCEMENT IS PROVIDED IN BOTH HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICAL DIRECTIONS. BUT AT THE END OF EACH WALL, BARS
ARE CLOSELY SPACED AND ANCHORED. SO, THE END ZONES OF
RC SHEAR WALL IS CALLED AS BOUNDARY ELEMENTS OR
BARBELLS.
1.REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALL
1212
BARBELLS.
• THE WALL THICKNESS OF RC SHEAR WALL IS VARIED
DEPENDING UPON MANY FACTORS LIKE THERMAL INSULATION
REQUIREMENTS OF BUILDING, AGE OF BUILDING, NUMBER OF
FLOORS OF BUILDING ETC. IT VARIES FROM 150 MM TO 500 MM.
IN GENERAL, THE PROVISION OF SHEAR WALL IS CONTINUOUS
THROUGHOUT THE HEIGHT OF BUILDING. BUT SOMETIMES IT IS
DISCONTINUED WHERE THERE IS A BUILDING ENTRANCE OR
PARKING SPACE ETC.
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CONCRETE BLOCK SHEAR WALLS ARE CONSTRUCTED USING
HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCKS ALONG WITH STEEL REINFORCEMENT
BARS. REINFORCEMENT IS GENERALLY USED TO MAXIMIZE THE
EFFECT OF CONCRETE BLOCK MASONRY AGAINST SEISMIC LOADS.
• THE REINFORCEMENT BARS ARE ARRANGED THROUGH SPACES OF
CONCRETE BLOCKS IN BOTH VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
2. CONCRETE BLOCK SHEAR WALL
1313
CONCRETE BLOCKS IN BOTH VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
DIRECTIONS. AFTER PLACING BARS IN CONCRETE BLOCK MASONRY,
FRESH CONCRETE GROUT IS POURED INTO THE HOLLOW SPACE AND
IS ALLOWED TO SET.
• THIS TYPE OF WALLS CAN TAKE BOTH GRAVITY LOADS AND
LATERAL LOADS. SO, THEY CAN WORK LIKE SHEAR WALL AS WELL
AS LOAD BEARING WALL.
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3. STEEL SHEAR WALL
•STEEL SHEAR WALL CONSISTS OF A STEEL PLATE WALL,
BOUNDARY COLUMN AND HORIZONTAL FLOOR BEAM. THE
ACTION OF STEEL SHEAR WALL IS MORE LIKE A PLATE
1414
ACTION OF STEEL SHEAR WALL IS MORE LIKE A PLATE
GIRDER.
•STEEL PLATE WALL ACTS AS WEB OF PLATE GIRDER,
BOUNDARY COLUMNS ACTS AS FLANGES AND
HORIZONTAL BEAMS ACTS AS STIFFENERS OF PLATE
GIRDER.
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4. PLYWOOD SHEAR
WALL
• PLYWOOD SHEAR WALLS ARE TRADITIONAL TYPE WALLS
WHICH ARE ALSO CALLED AS TIMBER SHEAR WALLS. IT
CONSISTS OF PLYWOOD SHEETS AND STUDS.
1515
CONSISTS OF PLYWOOD SHEETS AND STUDS.
•PLYWOOD SHEETS TRANSFER SHEAR FORCE WHILE STUDS
RESISTS THE TENSION OR COMPRESSION.
• NOW A DAYS PLYWOOD SHEAR WALLS ARE REDESIGNED
USING NEW TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS. STEEL SHEETS,
SURE BOARDS ETC. ARE USING IN PLACE OF PLYWOOD.
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• MID-PLY SHEAR WALL IS AN IMPROVED VERSION OF
NORMAL PLYWOOD SHEAR WALL. IN THIS CASE, EXTRA
PLYWOOD SHEET IS ARRANGED AT THE CENTER OF
NORMAL PLYWOOD WALL AND SERIES OF PAIRS OF STUDS
ARE POSITIONED ON
THE BOTH SIDES OF MID-PLY.
5. MID-PLY SHEAR WALL
1616
• STUDS JOINT THE MID-PLY WITH OUTER PLYWOOD
SHEETS. HERE, STUDS ARE ROTATED TO 90O RELATIVE TO
THOSE IS PLYWOOD SHEAR WALLS.
• THE MID-PLY SHEAR WALL ELIMINATES THE PROBLEMS
CAUSED IN STANDARD SHEAR WALLS AND LATERAL LOAD
CARRYING CAPACITY IS HIGHER FOR MID-PLY SHEAR
WALLS
17. Click to edit Master title style•EFFICIENCY OF A SHEAR WALL IS PURELY DEPENDS UPON ITS RIGIDITY OR ITS
STIFFNESS.
•A SOLID SHEAR WALL IS MORE EFFICIENT THAN A SHEAR WALL WITH OPENINGS.
BUT SOMETIMES IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO CONSTRUCT A SHEAR WALL WITHOUT
OPENINGS SUCH AS OPENINGS FOR DOORS, WINDOWS ETC.
•IN CASE OF OPENINGS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF SHEAR WALL, CONNECT THE
PIERS OF SHEAR WALLS BY SPANDRELS.
EFFICIENCY OF SHEAR WALLS
1717
PIERS OF SHEAR WALLS BY SPANDRELS.
• PIER IS NOTHING BUT THE PORTION OF SHEAR WALL BETWEEN TWO OPENINGS
AND SPANDREL IS THE PORTION OF SHEAR WALL ABOVE THE OPENING. THE
RESULTING WALL APPEARED BY INTERCONNECTING SPANDRELS OF PIERS OF SHEAR
WALLS IS KNOWN AS COUPLED SHEAR WALL. PROVISION OF OPENINGS IN
BALANCED PATTERN CAN ALSO MAKE THE SHEAR WALL EFFICIENT.
IN FLANGED SHEAR WALLS, THE WALLS WILL MEET AT RIGHT ANGLES TO EACH
OTHER. THIS TYPE OF SHEAR WALLS ARE LESS EFFICIENT SINCE THEY ARE EFFECTED
BY SEISMIC FORCES IN BOTH PRINCIPAL DIRECTIONS OF THE BUILDING.
19. Click to edit Master title styleFACTORS GOVERNING SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR
• DUCTILITY – RATIO OF DISPLACEMENT AT MAXIMUM LOAD TO
THAT AT YEILD.
• STIFFNESS – PROPERTY OF ELEMENT TO RESIST
DISPLACEMENT
• SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS – STRUCTURAL
1919
• SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS – STRUCTURAL
DAMAGE DIRECTLY RELATED TO DEPTH OF SOIL OVERLYING
THE ROCK AND PERIOD OF VIBRATION OF SOIL
• PERIOD OF STRUCTURE –IMPORTANT INDEX THAT IDENTIFIES
VULNERABILITY OF EXCESSIVE DRIFT
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ADVANTAGES
1) TIDIER AND MORE WORKMANLIKE
2020
2) SPEED IN ERECTING AND DISMANTLING FORMS
21. Click to edit Master title styleADVANTAGES
3) GOOD APPEARANCE
4) GREATER CONTROL OF ACCURACY AND WORKMANSHIP
5) NO PROTRUDED COLUMNS AND BEAM FOR HIGH-RISE
2121
6) THE STRAIGHTNESS OF RC WALL
22. Click to edit Master title styleADVANTAGES
7) EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE
8) SOUND REDUCING
9) COST SAVING.
10) PROVIDE A POTENTIALLY HIGH-DUCTILE SYSTEM WITH A GOOD DEGREE OF
2222
10) PROVIDE A POTENTIALLY HIGH-DUCTILE SYSTEM WITH A GOOD DEGREE OF
REDUNDANCY, WHICH CAN ALLOW FREEDOM IN ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING OF
INTERNAL SPACES AND EXTERNAL CLADDING.
11) THEIR FLEXIBILITY AND ASSOCIATED LONG PERIOD MAY SERVE TO DETUNE
THE STRUCTURE FROM THE FORCING MOTIONS ON STIFF SOIL OR ROCK SITES.
12) SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES LATERAL SWAY
13)EASY CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION.
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DISADVANTAGES
- POORLY DESIGNED, MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES HAVE BEEN OBSERVED TO
FAIL CATASTROPHICALLY IN EARTHQUAKES, MAINLY BY FORMATION OF WEAK
STORIES AND FAILURES AROUND BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS.
2323
- BEAM COLUMN JOINTS REPRESENT AN AREA OF HIGH STRESS CONCENTRATION,
WHICH NEEDS CONSIDERABLE SKILL TO DESIGN SUCCESSFULLY.
- REQUIRES GOOD FIXING SKILLS AND CONCRETING.