Shear forces act perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a beam and can cause shear failure if the shear resistance is insufficient. Shear failure occurs when a material is pushed in different directions, potentially causing cracks or excessive deflection. It can happen due to issues like incorrect design assumptions, weak concrete strength, or misplaced steel reinforcement. To prevent shear failure, engineers must properly design shear reinforcement, using strong concrete and ensuring adequate and properly placed reinforcing rods.

1. SHEAR FORCES
by SAJJABI COLIN POWELL (萨吉）
L163330113

2. SHEAR FORCES
• Shear force is the force in the beam acting perpendicular
to its longitudinal (x) axis.
• A force acting in a direction parallel to a surface or to a
planar cross section of a body, as for example the
pressure of air along the front of an airplane wing.
• A shear force is a force applied perpendicular to a surface,
in opposition to an offset force acting in the opposite
direction.

3. Shearing forces push one part of a body in one specific direction.
In this case as we can see sliding along a line or plane.

4. SHEAR FAILURE
• Shear failure can be defined as a
failure that takes place due to
insufficiency of shear resistance
available between the materials.
• Shear failure can be easily
determined by checking out the
excessive deflection or
development of cracks, which gives
an advance warning about the
probable occurrence of shear
failure.

5. REASONS BEHIND SHEAR FAILURE
• • It may occur due to insufficient knowledge of the resistance between reinforced
steel rods and concrete column.
• • It may occur due to wrong interpretation of the data made available to the design
engineer.
• • It may also take place due to insufficient strength of the concrete used for the
structure.
• • It may even take place due to mismatch in the positioning of the reinforcement of
steel rods.

6. • When a structural member experiences failure by shear, two
parts of it are pushed in different directions, for example
would be when a piece of paper is cut by scissors.
Shear failure of reinforced concrete, more properly called
“diagonal tension failure” is one example
• If a beam without properly designed shear reinforcement is overloaded to
failure, shear collapse is likely to occur suddenly with no advance warning
(brittle failure).

7. • To prevent some of the shear failures the engineers
should properly design shear reinforcement to prevent it
i.e
»Good strength of concrete
»Enough reinforncement in the concrete
»Proper organisation of reinforcements

8. THANK YOU