This document provides an introduction to orthographic projections and the quadrant system used in technical drawing. It explains first angle and third angle projection methods, showing the different positions of the planes and views. Examples are given of drawing front, top, and side views of objects from pictorial representations using first angle projection. The document also demonstrates orthographic projections of points and lines in different positions relative to the quadrants.

1. ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
S1 ME 2017
WELCOME TO
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2. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
SESSION 1
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3. X
Y
1 s t Q u a d r a n t
2 n d Q u a d r a n t
3 r d Q u a d r a n t
4 t h Q u a d r a n t
F.V.
O b s e r v e r
THE QUADRANT
SYSTEM
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4. S.V.
F.V.
V.P. P.P.
FOR T.V.
FOR
S.V. FOR
F.V.
O B J E C T
FIRST ANGLE
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT
MEANS
ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.
OBJECT IS INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & PLANE.
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
IN
FIRST ANGLE METHOD
OF PROJECTIONS
X Y
VP
HP
PP
FV LSV
TV
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5. ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
OF
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTIONS
X
TV
LSV FV
IN THIS METHOD,
THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN THIRD QUADRANT
( BELOW HP & BEHIND OF VP. )
PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT
AND INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & OBJECT.
FOR T.V.
P.P. V.P.
F.V.
S.V.
O B J E C T
Y
THIRD ANGLE
PROJECTION
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6. x y
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
FOR T.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
F.V. S.V. 1
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7. FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
FOR T.V.
S.V.
F.V.
X Y
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
2
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8. FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
FOR T.V.
F.V. S.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
X Y
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
3
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
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9. FOR T.V.
FOR
S.V.
F.V.
S.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FOR
F.V.
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
4
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
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10. S.V.
F.V.
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
5
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
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11. S.V.
F.V.
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
6
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
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12. FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
S.V.
F.V.
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
7
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
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13. FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
FOR
S.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
9
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
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14. FOR T.V.
FOR S.V.
F
O
R
F
.
V
.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
10
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
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15. FOR T.V.
FOR
S.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
11
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
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16. FOR T.V.
FOR
S.V. FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
12
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
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17. Z
STUDY
ILLUSTRATIONS
x y
FV
35
35
10
TV
30
20
10
40
70
O
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
13
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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18. Z
STUDY
ILLUSTRATIONS
SV
TV
y
x
FV
30
30
10
30 10 30
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
FOR T.V.
FOR
S.V. FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
14
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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19. x y
FV SV
Z
STUDY
ILLUSTRATIONS
TV
10
40 60
60
40
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
FOR T.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
15
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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20. FOR T.V.
FOR
S.V. FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
16
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
x y
FV SV
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
40 60
60
40
10
TOP VIEW
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21. 40 20
30 SQUARE
20
50
60
30
10
F.V.
S.V.
O
FOR
S.V. FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
17
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
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22. 50
80
10
30 D
TV
O
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
18
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
40
10
45
FV
O
X Y
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23. X Y
FV
O
40
10
10
TV
25
25
30 R
100
10
30
10
20 D
FOR
F.V.
O
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
19
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FOR T.V.
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24. O
20 D
30 D
60 D
TV
10
30
50
10
35
FV
X Y
RECT.
SLOT
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
20
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
TOP VIEW
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25. O O
40
25
80
F.V.
10
15
25
25
25
25
10
S.V.
FOR
S.V. FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
21
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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26. 450
X
FV
Y
30
40
TV
30 D
40
40
15
O
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
22
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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27. O
O
20
20
15
40
100
30
60
30
20
20
50
HEX PART
FOR
S.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV ABD SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
23
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
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28. O
10
30
10
80
30
T.V.
O
10
30
40
20
F.V.
X Y
FOR T.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
24
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
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29. LSV
Y
25
25
10
50
FV
X
10 10 15
O
FOR
S.V.
FOR
F.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND LSV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
25
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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30. Y
X
F.V. LEFT S.V.
20 20
10
15
15
15
30
10
30
50
15
FOR
S.V.
FOR
F.V.
O
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
26
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
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31. A
a
a’
A
a
a’
A
a
a’
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
For Fv
For Tv
For Fv
For Tv
For Tv
For Fv
POINT A ABOVE HP
& INFRONT OF VP
POINT A IN HP
& INFRONT OF VP
POINT A ABOVE HP
& IN VP
PROJECTIONS OF A POINT IN FIRST QUADRANT.
PICTORIAL
PRESENTATION
PICTORIAL
PRESENTATION
ORTHOGRAPHIC PRESENTATIONS
OF ALL ABOVE CASES.
X Y
a
a’
VP
HP
X Y
a’
VP
HP
a X Y
a
VP
HP
a’
Fv above xy,
Tv below xy.
Fv above xy,
Tv on xy.
Fv on xy,
Tv below xy.
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32. END OF SESSION 1
NEXT SESSION
PROJECTION OF LINES
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