The document proposes a sensor network-based system to monitor oil wells. It describes existing manual monitoring systems that are inefficient. The proposed system uses sensors to measure oil well parameters like temperature and pressure. A Zigbee network transmits these measurements to an intermediate section, where an ARM7 microcontroller analyzes the data and alerts a control center via GSM if abnormalities arise. The system aims to reduce power consumption, facilitate remote monitoring, and allow timely repairs, improving over manual methods.

1. SENSOR NETWORK BASED OIL WELL HEALTH
MONITORING AND INTELLIGENT CONTROL
Abstract:
In the last few years, sensor networks have drawn much attention for their broad practical
applications investigate specific sensors and sensor networks for aircraft structural health and
performance monitoring. A real-time radiological area monitoring sensor network is developed
for emergency response. An intelligent sensor network is designed for fire detection. Standards
propose various algorithms and structures for sensor networks. Certain systems use sensor
networks to monitor cultural assets and aquatic environments, respectively. Thus many sensor
based networks are designed for various applications which have proven efficient. Here in this
paper a sensor network based intelligent system is proposed for oil well monitoring.
Existing system:
Most oil pumping units (OPUs) have been using manual control in the oilfield. This
existing oil-pumping system, a high power-consuming process, has the incapability of OPU’s
structural health monitoring. The disadvantages of existing system is: 1. The OPU administrators
have to frequently go to the oilfield to check the OPU status and collect its health analysis data,
2. Power consumption for OPU is huge during the oil-pumping process, 3. Since an
administrator has to take charge of a number of oil wells, an OPU malfunction is difficult to
locate and repair in a reasonable time, which causes an oil production drop.
Proposed system:
In the proposed system, a wireless sensor network is established using Zigbee. The oil
well parameters such as temperature, pressure, voltage, current and torque are measured. The
measured value is transmitted to the Intermediate section (IS). In the intermediate section the
measured values are analyzed and compared with the manually set values. The values are set

2. manually through PC. Once set, the received values are compared. If any abnormality is found,
immediately a short message regarding the status abnormality is sent to the control center. In the
control center the information about the oil wells is maintained in a database.
Block Diagram:
Well Section:
Induction
Motor
Power
Supply
Driver
Circuit
PIC
LCD
16F877A
Current Sensor
Micro
Speed Sensor
Controller
Voltage Sensor
Intermediate Section:
Zigbee

3. PC
Power
Supply
UART 1
ARM 7
LPC2129
LCD
UART 0
Micro
Controller
Control Section:
Power
Supply
GSM
MAX
232
Hardware requirements:
 PIC16F877A Microcontroller with Power Supply
 ARM7 LPC2129 Microcontroller
 GSM Modem
 Max 232
 Induction Motor
 Relay Driver
 Current sensor
 Voltage sensor
Zigbee
GSM

4.  Speed Sensor
 Zigbee
 LCD
 PC with .net
Software requirements




Embedded c
MPLab Compiler or CCS Compiler
Keil C Compiler
VB .NET
Advantages
 Reduced Power Consumption.
 Timely Repairing Measures.