Seneca was highly esteemed during the Renaissance but criticized in modern times. His plays contained melodrama that appealed to popular tastes as well as philosophical messages that appealed to the learned. His works were influential models for the new forms of drama in 16th century England, particularly in their structure of five acts and use of the supernatural, horrific themes, rhetorical language, and themes of fate. Eliot and Spearing discuss Seneca's popularity and influence on Elizabethan drama.