This document summarizes a seminar presentation on the tamping unit of a Unimat machine. It discusses the history and development of tamping machines, the process of how tamping units work to pack ballast under railway tracks, the different functions and types of tamping units, how tamping units are used for track maintenance, and concludes with references.

1. SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ON
TAMPING UNIT OF UNIMAT
PRESENTED BY:- AKASH MISHRA
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2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 PROCESS OF TAMPING UNIT
 FUNCTIONS OF TAMPING UNIT
 TYPES OF TAMPING UNIT
 TRACK MAINTENANCE
 CONCLUSION
 REFRENCES
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3. INTRODUCTION
A tamping machine or ballast tamper is a machine used to pack the track
ballast under railway tracks to make the tracks more durable.
Prior to the introduction of mechanical tampers, this task was done by manual
labour with the help of beaters.
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4. HISTORY
 Until the middle of the 20th century, track laying and track maintenance required heavy manual
labour. Work sites were characterised by manual methods of work that made large numbers of
staff necessary.
 The historic achievement of Plasser & Theurer is the significant contribution it has made to this
development. Since 1953, we have been setting technological milestones enabling higher working
speeds, higher quality of work and, on the bottom line, economic advantages for our customers
and the railway.
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5. PROCESS OF TAMPING UNIT
The tamping process from any type of tamper consists of the following basic steps:
 Lifting, lining unit moves rail and sleepers under tamping unit into correct vertical and horizontal
position
 Tamping units drive vibrating tines into the ballast on both sides of the sleeper until squeezing depth is
achieved
 Vibrating tines are pushed together to pack ballast under lifted, lined sleeper to ensure it holds position
when released by the lifting, lining unit
 Tamping unit retracts to stowage position, track is released by lifting, lining unit
 Machine moves to the next sleeper and begins a new cycle
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6. FUNCTION OF TAMPING UNIT
 Packing of ballast under sleepers
 Correction of cross level
 Correction of longitudinal level
 Driving
 Run drive
 Work drive
 Special functions
 Twist corrections
 Track settlement
 Laser lining
 Automatic data feeding by computer
 Recording of track parameter
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7. TYPES OF TAMPING UNIT
 Tamping machines are built in many different varieties depending on their purpose:
 Plain line tamping machines: used on line sections which have no points or other complex track
structures, commonly referred to as production machines, generally have fixed tamping head positions
 Duomatic
 Continuous action tamping machines
 Tamping Express
 Switch tamping machines: used to tamp switches, crossings and other complex track structures, have
movable tamping heads with ability to isolate heads when required.
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8. Constructional Details Tamping Unit
 Tamping Bank - 1
 Tamping Arm Big & Small - 4 each
 Vibration shaft - 1
 Guide rod - 2
 Squzing Cylinder Big & Small - 4 each
 Flywheel - 2
 Oil reservoir - 2
 Plate guard - 1
 Hydraulic distributor - 1
 Bearings - 11
 Bushes - 20
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9. TRACK MAINTENANCE
 Use of RMV and light weight motor trolley for quick and efficient attention of isolated track defects.
 Track maintenance system divided into three tiers:-
 Top Tier will be the back bone of the maintenance system comprising of CSM machine for tamping of
plain track and UNIMAT machine for tamping points and crossings.
 Middle Tier consists of mobile maintenance gang (MMG)unit which are responsible for tamping of
isolated spots conventionally known as slack picking.
 Bottom Tier comprises of track maintenance and monitoring and monitoring gangs under sectional
SE/JE.
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10. CONCLUSION
 TAMP is highly efficient and scalable protocol for giant clusters.
 Creation and adoption of an efficient asset management system will enable to fulfill
the dream of our organization to offer reliable, safe and competitive transport mode.
 An integrated system for land, track, bridge and track machine can be need of future.
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11. REFERENCE
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamping_machine
 https://www.plassertheurer.com/en/company/history.html
 https://constructionreviewonline.com/2015/09/tamping-machine-features-components-and-functions/
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