The document summarizes research on how men and women differ in career planning. A study was conducted with 60 respondents, including 32 men and 28 women from various organizations and levels. The findings show that men have clearer career targets than women and are more confident in their skills. For women, family often plays a bigger role in career decisions and can cause them to leave careers. Societal expectations also encourage men more for career advancement. The research reviews various career development theories and finds that gender discrimination creates obstacles for women's career success compared to men in terms of promotions and salary.
USASBE 2015 presentation_Examining the gendered natur of the "entrepreneurial...Mandy Wheadon
Shows how research & discussion of things like “entrepreneurial personality characteristics” can negatively affect female students’ intent and motivation to act as entrepreneurs. Also gives examples of entrepreneurial language that is exclusive or otherwise problematic.
This document discusses how research and language focusing on intrinsic "entrepreneurial personality traits" can negatively impact women's motivation and intent to pursue entrepreneurship. It provides examples of trait-focused research that presents entrepreneurial characteristics as innate and masculine. This implies entrepreneurial ability is determined by biology rather than being learnable skills. As a result, women may see entrepreneurship as incompatible with their identities and be less likely to consider it as a career. The document argues for a skills-based framework that presents entrepreneurship as accessible to anyone willing to develop the necessary capacities through training.
Employee motivation in the non government financing companies of bangladeshAlexander Decker
This document discusses employee motivation in non-government financing companies in Bangladesh. It begins with an abstract that provides background context on Bangladesh and outlines that motivation appears strongly in private sector organizations compared to government organizations and NGOs in Bangladesh. The document then reviews several theories of motivation, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Alderfer's ERG theory, and discusses how motivation is approached differently in developing countries compared to developed countries. It focuses on examining the applicability of western motivation theories in Bangladesh and identifying the types of needs that motivate employees in the current socioeconomic context of the country.
Storytelling of Female Entrepreneurs: A Narrative Inquiry of Tyrolean Entrepr...Sarah Nobis
While there is a substantial body of literature exploring the influence of entrepreneurial storytelling on the legitimacy of nascent entrepreneurs, this debate remains almost entirely gender blind. This thesis challenges the assumption that entrepreneurship is a gender-impartial and -neutral space by adopting a feminist standpoint to reveal that current conceptualizations of entrepreneurial storytelling and identity construction are informed by masculine discourses. Analyzing how female entrepreneurs narrate their stories and identities with regard to challenges and opportunities in gaining legitimacy as an entrepreneur, this thesis took an interpretivist approach in the form of narrative inquiry. Four female entrepreneurs who founded technology-based businesses in the recent four years in Tyrol, Austria, were interviewed in a semi-structured way. Moreover, the data collection was enriched by participant observations at events on female entrepreneurship. The thematic analysis through inductive open coding revealed that experience and age either act as a constraint or facilitator in the legitimation of female entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the historically constructed male entrepreneur standard continues to impact female entrepreneurial stories, although mostly latent. Due to this prevailing masculine norm in entrepreneurship, female entrepreneurs consciously experience sameness or difference in their identity construction through assimilation or otherness, respectively. Considering the increasing share of female entrepreneurs who contribute to economies worldwide, new conceptualizations of what constitutes an entrepreneur are needed in order to provide a holistic picture of the different entrepreneurial groups and lower the entry barriers to a more diverse population. The implications for research and practice regarding the encouragement of female entrepreneurs to tell their own stories and construct their own identities which neither reproduce existing patterns nor dwell within given boundaries and legitimate them simultaneously are outlined.
The document summarizes a master's thesis that examines the connection between facial masculinity of male and female CEOs, CEO compensation, and the gender pay gap. It hypothesizes that higher facial masculinity in male CEOs is positively associated with higher male to female CEO compensation ratios, while higher facial masculinity in female CEOs is negatively associated. It also hypothesizes that the percentage of independent directors on the board moderates these relationships. The methodology uses regression analysis, and the findings support the hypothesis for male CEOs but not female CEOs. The moderating hypotheses regarding board composition are not supported. Limitations and areas for future research are discussed.
A study of the existence of glass ceiling in the telecommunication sector of ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document provides a case study about a man named Alok who has a physical disability but excelled academically. It describes his struggle to find a job due to discrimination and how he applied for a position at a company that promotes inclusive hiring. During Alok's interview, the hiring managers were initially uncomfortable with his disability. However, after reviewing his strong test performance and credentials, one manager advocated to move him forward in the process. Ultimately, the head of HR decided to hire Alok and accommodate his needs, seeing his intelligence and upholding the company's equal opportunity policies.
Introduction to the field of organizational behaviorAileen Mae Doroja
This document provides an introduction to organizational behavior by outlining several key topics:
1) It describes different types of individual workplace behaviors such as task performance, organizational citizenship, and counterproductive behaviors.
2) It discusses contemporary challenges for organizations like globalization and increasing workforce diversity.
3) It outlines some of the foundations of organizational behavior knowledge including types of individual behaviors and how factors like globalization and diversity impact workplaces.
USASBE 2015 presentation_Examining the gendered natur of the "entrepreneurial...Mandy Wheadon
Shows how research & discussion of things like “entrepreneurial personality characteristics” can negatively affect female students’ intent and motivation to act as entrepreneurs. Also gives examples of entrepreneurial language that is exclusive or otherwise problematic.
This document discusses how research and language focusing on intrinsic "entrepreneurial personality traits" can negatively impact women's motivation and intent to pursue entrepreneurship. It provides examples of trait-focused research that presents entrepreneurial characteristics as innate and masculine. This implies entrepreneurial ability is determined by biology rather than being learnable skills. As a result, women may see entrepreneurship as incompatible with their identities and be less likely to consider it as a career. The document argues for a skills-based framework that presents entrepreneurship as accessible to anyone willing to develop the necessary capacities through training.
Employee motivation in the non government financing companies of bangladeshAlexander Decker
This document discusses employee motivation in non-government financing companies in Bangladesh. It begins with an abstract that provides background context on Bangladesh and outlines that motivation appears strongly in private sector organizations compared to government organizations and NGOs in Bangladesh. The document then reviews several theories of motivation, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Alderfer's ERG theory, and discusses how motivation is approached differently in developing countries compared to developed countries. It focuses on examining the applicability of western motivation theories in Bangladesh and identifying the types of needs that motivate employees in the current socioeconomic context of the country.
Storytelling of Female Entrepreneurs: A Narrative Inquiry of Tyrolean Entrepr...Sarah Nobis
While there is a substantial body of literature exploring the influence of entrepreneurial storytelling on the legitimacy of nascent entrepreneurs, this debate remains almost entirely gender blind. This thesis challenges the assumption that entrepreneurship is a gender-impartial and -neutral space by adopting a feminist standpoint to reveal that current conceptualizations of entrepreneurial storytelling and identity construction are informed by masculine discourses. Analyzing how female entrepreneurs narrate their stories and identities with regard to challenges and opportunities in gaining legitimacy as an entrepreneur, this thesis took an interpretivist approach in the form of narrative inquiry. Four female entrepreneurs who founded technology-based businesses in the recent four years in Tyrol, Austria, were interviewed in a semi-structured way. Moreover, the data collection was enriched by participant observations at events on female entrepreneurship. The thematic analysis through inductive open coding revealed that experience and age either act as a constraint or facilitator in the legitimation of female entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the historically constructed male entrepreneur standard continues to impact female entrepreneurial stories, although mostly latent. Due to this prevailing masculine norm in entrepreneurship, female entrepreneurs consciously experience sameness or difference in their identity construction through assimilation or otherness, respectively. Considering the increasing share of female entrepreneurs who contribute to economies worldwide, new conceptualizations of what constitutes an entrepreneur are needed in order to provide a holistic picture of the different entrepreneurial groups and lower the entry barriers to a more diverse population. The implications for research and practice regarding the encouragement of female entrepreneurs to tell their own stories and construct their own identities which neither reproduce existing patterns nor dwell within given boundaries and legitimate them simultaneously are outlined.
The document summarizes a master's thesis that examines the connection between facial masculinity of male and female CEOs, CEO compensation, and the gender pay gap. It hypothesizes that higher facial masculinity in male CEOs is positively associated with higher male to female CEO compensation ratios, while higher facial masculinity in female CEOs is negatively associated. It also hypothesizes that the percentage of independent directors on the board moderates these relationships. The methodology uses regression analysis, and the findings support the hypothesis for male CEOs but not female CEOs. The moderating hypotheses regarding board composition are not supported. Limitations and areas for future research are discussed.
A study of the existence of glass ceiling in the telecommunication sector of ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document provides a case study about a man named Alok who has a physical disability but excelled academically. It describes his struggle to find a job due to discrimination and how he applied for a position at a company that promotes inclusive hiring. During Alok's interview, the hiring managers were initially uncomfortable with his disability. However, after reviewing his strong test performance and credentials, one manager advocated to move him forward in the process. Ultimately, the head of HR decided to hire Alok and accommodate his needs, seeing his intelligence and upholding the company's equal opportunity policies.
Introduction to the field of organizational behaviorAileen Mae Doroja
This document provides an introduction to organizational behavior by outlining several key topics:
1) It describes different types of individual workplace behaviors such as task performance, organizational citizenship, and counterproductive behaviors.
2) It discusses contemporary challenges for organizations like globalization and increasing workforce diversity.
3) It outlines some of the foundations of organizational behavior knowledge including types of individual behaviors and how factors like globalization and diversity impact workplaces.
The document discusses several topics related to HR ethics including analyzing HR dilemmas between right vs wrong and right vs right choices. It provides examples of ethical dilemmas in areas like truthfulness, rule application, quality of work vs deadlines. The document also outlines guidelines for fostering an ethical culture through policies, enforcement, recruitment and oversight. Finally, it discusses HR ethics activities in areas like staffing, training, performance reviews and compensation.
Slides by Marius Meyer – Role of ethics in HR Standards, Competence & GovernanceSABPP
This document discusses the role of HR in ethics and governance in South Africa. It notes that fraud and corruption are high in South Africa and questions what HR is doing to improve this. It emphasizes that governance is important and that fraud can start with HR if proper processes and culture are not established. The document outlines SABPP's model, values, competency framework and standards for HR, all of which emphasize ethics, integrity and establishing an ethical organizational culture and system. It provides guidelines for HR professionals to prevent fraud through developing an explicit ethical culture and training, recognizing ethical behavior, having proper controls and taking strong action against unethical acts.
A Study on Influences of Organizational Culture at Golden Cashew Products, Po...ijtsrd
The main purpose of the study is to provide an impact over the organizational culture experienced by the employees. Organizational culture is a set of attitude and behavior adopted by the employees in the organization by various situations. Job satisfactions are related to the perceptions of their working environment. The main objective of the study is to find the significant difference between organizational culture and job satisfaction. Also, to retain the talented and efficient workforce in the organization and also to improve the organizational growth and environment. The study employed with stratified random sampling method. This research work is a survey to make use of sample about 80 employees drawn from the population of 100 employees. The major source of data used in this study is primary data and secondary data is collected by using questionnaire method. The research observed in the study is, there is no significant difference between the organizational culture and the job satisfaction. It is concluded that the employee job satisfaction did not play any role on how they worked in the culture that was followed by the organization. Ramya. K | Sowmia Devi. M | Sindhuja. K "A Study on Influences of Organizational Culture at Golden Cashew Products, Pondicherry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29178.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/29178/a-study-on-influences-of-organizational-culture-at-golden-cashew-products-pondicherry/ramya-k
This study examines the effects of having women directors on corporate board on company’s
corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. We also examine if women directors’ demographic
characteristics would influence CSR disclosure. From an initial sample of 300 non-financial companies listed in
Bursa Malaysia, 139 companies have women on corporate boards. Using data for the year 2013, we found that
tenure negatively influences CSR disclosure. As the number of years of serving the corporate board increases,
the women directors were found to have less influence on CSR disclosure. Other predictive variables, however,
were found to be insignificant in influencing companies’ CSR disclosure. Findings from this study add to the
literature on the impacts of having women directors on company’s corporate board and their demographic
characteristics on CSR disclosure from the point of view of a developing country. The results may be useful for
policy makers to improve the representation of women directors as preliminary analyses provide some evidence
that companies with women directors provide a better quality of CSR disclosure.
The Effect of a High-Commitment Work System on Improve Organization Citizensh...AJSSMTJournal
The document summarizes a study that examined the effect of a high-commitment work system (HCWS) on organization citizenship behavior (OCB) at Zain Telecom Company in Jordan. The study found that HCWS and OCB were both rated highly by employees. HCWS was found to positively influence all dimensions of OCB, including altruism, conscientiousness, and sportsmanship. The study recommends that Zain Telecom continue to emphasize HCWS to further improve OCB.
Today, while boards are under more scrutiny for risky decisions and questionable behavior, innovative approaches to governance are creating an entirely new set of best practices.
Here, we share research, insights, and recommendations for building more effective boards.
The Influence of Leadership on Followers Performance among Bottle Water Compa...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leadership style and followers' performance in bottle water companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. It identified democratic, autocratic, participative, and transactional leadership styles as the independent variables, and followers' performance as the dependent variable.
A questionnaire was distributed to 100 employees across several bottle water companies, with a response rate of 90%. The results found that democratic leadership had a mean range of 3.04-3.34 and was agreed to have a high impact on followers' performance. Autocratic leadership obtained a mean range of 3.20-3.50 and was also agreed to highly impact performance. Overall, the study concluded that leadership styles positively impact followers, but each style
Gender diversity in corporate workplaces is important for businesses to sustain their operations. While many companies have good intentions around gender diversity, some lack knowledge on how to implement it or get stuck in inertia. True gender diversity means proportional representation of men and women at all levels of an organization. Research shows diverse organizations are more successful due to improved communication, decision-making, problem-solving, and ability to market to different customer groups. However, women remain underrepresented in top corporate positions globally despite making up half the workforce.
A Structural Model of Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Burnout on the O...deped
This study examined the relationships between job satisfaction, work engagement, burnout, and organizational citizenship behavior among 355 elementary school teachers in Region XI, Philippines. The findings were:
1. Teachers reported moderate job satisfaction, low burnout, and high work engagement. They also frequently demonstrated organizational citizenship behaviors.
2. Job satisfaction and work engagement were positively correlated with organizational citizenship behavior, while burnout was negatively correlated.
3. Job satisfaction and work engagement predicted organizational citizenship behavior, but burnout did not.
4. A hypothesized structural model provided the best fit for explaining the interrelationships between these variables and organizational citizenship behavior.
By many measures, current CEOs should be the best candidates to serve on boards of directors. They have extensive strategic, operational, and risk management expertise, as well as experiences and leadership attributes that are important for a firm’s long-term success.
However, there is currently no widely accepted, rigorous study that demonstrates that current CEOs are better board members or that companies with CEO directors benefit in terms of improved advice or monitoring. In fact, recent survey data suggests that active CEOs might not always be the best board members because of the time constraints of their full time job and personality attributes that may make it difficult for them to contribute constructively to a boardroom environment.
We examine this issue in closer detail and ask:
1. Should companies reassess the importance of this criteria when looking for new board members?
2. Does the requirement for CEO-level experience limit the pool of available directors, particularly diversity candidates who may be less likely to have this experience?
3. If the availability of CEO directors is low, should professional directors be recruited to fill the gap?
4. Do the positive qualities of a retired CEO deteriorate, or do they never become outdated?
Read the attached Closer Look and let us know what you think!
Challenges faced by women entreprenuers and hr professionals in bangladeshMahiul Habib Tasfin
This document discusses a study conducted on the HR challenges faced by women-headed organizations in Bangladesh. It provides background on women's participation in the workforce and entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. It notes that while laws and policies aim to empower women, they still face significant challenges in society and the business world compared to men. The objectives of the study were to identify the sectors where women face challenges as HR professionals, distinguish the types of challenges faced in different HR practices, and suggest ways to overcome such challenges. The study utilized primary interviews and secondary sources. It aimed to understand the realities on the ground for women professionals and entrepreneurs in Bangladesh and look for practical solutions to promote gender equality.
The document discusses a project investigating staff engagement, satisfaction, and motivation at an Australian insurance company. It provides context on the company, which was family owned but taken over and underwent management changes. The methodology involved qualitative interviews to explore these factors and their effect on performance. Findings showed engagement increased through improved communication and recognition programs. Motivation benefited from improved teamwork and goal setting. Satisfaction levels rose regarding remuneration but fell for work hours. Performance was most influenced by organizational structure. Recommendations focus on strengthening teams, developing skills, managing expectations, and maintaining work-life balance.
The document introduces organizational behavior and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines organizational behavior as the field studying how individuals, groups, and organizational structure influence behavior in organizations. The summary also describes the three levels of analysis in the book's OB model - individual, group, and organizational systems. Finally, it provides examples of important dependent variables that are studied in OB, such as productivity, absenteeism, and job satisfaction.
Deciding how to meet obligations and act responsibly ethical analysis and pro...FerdinandLabaniego
James Rest (1994) – well-known cognitive-developmental researcher, developed a model of ethical behavior. Rest, et. al., claimed there are four (4) psychological processes that affect ethical decision making and behavior.
The document is feedback from a professor to a student on an assignment about international human resources. The professor notes that the student's presentation was missing several key requirements of the assignment, including an analysis of how personnel administration objectives influence IHRM, recommendations for training a diverse workforce, and support with local data. The presentation also did not meet the required length and formatting guidelines. The professor provided the assignment requirements to guide the student in completing the presentation satisfactorily.
This document outlines the key objectives and concepts from a chapter on organizational behavior. It defines organizational behavior and explains what managers do, including making decisions, allocating resources, and directing others. It also summarizes the major management functions of planning, organizing, controlling, and leading. Finally, it discusses the dependent and independent variables that influence organizational behavior and the challenges and opportunities managers face in using these concepts.
Define organizational behavior (OB).
Describe what managers do.
Explain the value of the systematic study of OB.
List the major challenges and opportunities for managers to use OB concepts.
Identify the contributions made by major behavioral science disciplines to OB.
- The survey found that while boards generally rate themselves positively in terms of skills and effectiveness, there are also significant issues that need improvement.
- While most directors believe the board has the right skills, boards receive lower marks for processes like evaluating individual directors, providing feedback, and removing underperforming members.
- Female directors tended to rate board effectiveness, dynamics, and the qualifications of other directors more negatively than male directors.
- The study recommends boards conduct in-depth evaluations of their composition, processes, and effectiveness to identify areas for improvement.
This document summarizes the details of a stated income loan product called Easy Stated. It offers fixed-rate and adjustable rate mortgages with terms up to 30 years and maximum loan-to-value ratios of 95% for primary residences. Borrowers must have a minimum credit score of 680. Income and assets are stated rather than verified, but some asset documentation is required. Custom DU approval with 50% maximum debt-to-income ratio is needed.
Este documento lista más de 200 vuelos domésticos e internacionales que salen de aeropuertos españoles y que han sido cancelados el 24 de febrero debido a una huelga. Los vuelos cancelados incluyen rutas entre Madrid y ciudades como Barcelona, Sevilla, Málaga, Bilbao, entre otras; así como vuelos internacionales desde Madrid a destinos en Europa, África, América y Asia. Algunos vuelos operarán pero no admitirán pasajeros con origen o destino local.
The document discusses several topics related to HR ethics including analyzing HR dilemmas between right vs wrong and right vs right choices. It provides examples of ethical dilemmas in areas like truthfulness, rule application, quality of work vs deadlines. The document also outlines guidelines for fostering an ethical culture through policies, enforcement, recruitment and oversight. Finally, it discusses HR ethics activities in areas like staffing, training, performance reviews and compensation.
Slides by Marius Meyer – Role of ethics in HR Standards, Competence & GovernanceSABPP
This document discusses the role of HR in ethics and governance in South Africa. It notes that fraud and corruption are high in South Africa and questions what HR is doing to improve this. It emphasizes that governance is important and that fraud can start with HR if proper processes and culture are not established. The document outlines SABPP's model, values, competency framework and standards for HR, all of which emphasize ethics, integrity and establishing an ethical organizational culture and system. It provides guidelines for HR professionals to prevent fraud through developing an explicit ethical culture and training, recognizing ethical behavior, having proper controls and taking strong action against unethical acts.
A Study on Influences of Organizational Culture at Golden Cashew Products, Po...ijtsrd
The main purpose of the study is to provide an impact over the organizational culture experienced by the employees. Organizational culture is a set of attitude and behavior adopted by the employees in the organization by various situations. Job satisfactions are related to the perceptions of their working environment. The main objective of the study is to find the significant difference between organizational culture and job satisfaction. Also, to retain the talented and efficient workforce in the organization and also to improve the organizational growth and environment. The study employed with stratified random sampling method. This research work is a survey to make use of sample about 80 employees drawn from the population of 100 employees. The major source of data used in this study is primary data and secondary data is collected by using questionnaire method. The research observed in the study is, there is no significant difference between the organizational culture and the job satisfaction. It is concluded that the employee job satisfaction did not play any role on how they worked in the culture that was followed by the organization. Ramya. K | Sowmia Devi. M | Sindhuja. K "A Study on Influences of Organizational Culture at Golden Cashew Products, Pondicherry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29178.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/29178/a-study-on-influences-of-organizational-culture-at-golden-cashew-products-pondicherry/ramya-k
This study examines the effects of having women directors on corporate board on company’s
corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. We also examine if women directors’ demographic
characteristics would influence CSR disclosure. From an initial sample of 300 non-financial companies listed in
Bursa Malaysia, 139 companies have women on corporate boards. Using data for the year 2013, we found that
tenure negatively influences CSR disclosure. As the number of years of serving the corporate board increases,
the women directors were found to have less influence on CSR disclosure. Other predictive variables, however,
were found to be insignificant in influencing companies’ CSR disclosure. Findings from this study add to the
literature on the impacts of having women directors on company’s corporate board and their demographic
characteristics on CSR disclosure from the point of view of a developing country. The results may be useful for
policy makers to improve the representation of women directors as preliminary analyses provide some evidence
that companies with women directors provide a better quality of CSR disclosure.
The Effect of a High-Commitment Work System on Improve Organization Citizensh...AJSSMTJournal
The document summarizes a study that examined the effect of a high-commitment work system (HCWS) on organization citizenship behavior (OCB) at Zain Telecom Company in Jordan. The study found that HCWS and OCB were both rated highly by employees. HCWS was found to positively influence all dimensions of OCB, including altruism, conscientiousness, and sportsmanship. The study recommends that Zain Telecom continue to emphasize HCWS to further improve OCB.
Today, while boards are under more scrutiny for risky decisions and questionable behavior, innovative approaches to governance are creating an entirely new set of best practices.
Here, we share research, insights, and recommendations for building more effective boards.
The Influence of Leadership on Followers Performance among Bottle Water Compa...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leadership style and followers' performance in bottle water companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. It identified democratic, autocratic, participative, and transactional leadership styles as the independent variables, and followers' performance as the dependent variable.
A questionnaire was distributed to 100 employees across several bottle water companies, with a response rate of 90%. The results found that democratic leadership had a mean range of 3.04-3.34 and was agreed to have a high impact on followers' performance. Autocratic leadership obtained a mean range of 3.20-3.50 and was also agreed to highly impact performance. Overall, the study concluded that leadership styles positively impact followers, but each style
Gender diversity in corporate workplaces is important for businesses to sustain their operations. While many companies have good intentions around gender diversity, some lack knowledge on how to implement it or get stuck in inertia. True gender diversity means proportional representation of men and women at all levels of an organization. Research shows diverse organizations are more successful due to improved communication, decision-making, problem-solving, and ability to market to different customer groups. However, women remain underrepresented in top corporate positions globally despite making up half the workforce.
A Structural Model of Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Burnout on the O...deped
This study examined the relationships between job satisfaction, work engagement, burnout, and organizational citizenship behavior among 355 elementary school teachers in Region XI, Philippines. The findings were:
1. Teachers reported moderate job satisfaction, low burnout, and high work engagement. They also frequently demonstrated organizational citizenship behaviors.
2. Job satisfaction and work engagement were positively correlated with organizational citizenship behavior, while burnout was negatively correlated.
3. Job satisfaction and work engagement predicted organizational citizenship behavior, but burnout did not.
4. A hypothesized structural model provided the best fit for explaining the interrelationships between these variables and organizational citizenship behavior.
By many measures, current CEOs should be the best candidates to serve on boards of directors. They have extensive strategic, operational, and risk management expertise, as well as experiences and leadership attributes that are important for a firm’s long-term success.
However, there is currently no widely accepted, rigorous study that demonstrates that current CEOs are better board members or that companies with CEO directors benefit in terms of improved advice or monitoring. In fact, recent survey data suggests that active CEOs might not always be the best board members because of the time constraints of their full time job and personality attributes that may make it difficult for them to contribute constructively to a boardroom environment.
We examine this issue in closer detail and ask:
1. Should companies reassess the importance of this criteria when looking for new board members?
2. Does the requirement for CEO-level experience limit the pool of available directors, particularly diversity candidates who may be less likely to have this experience?
3. If the availability of CEO directors is low, should professional directors be recruited to fill the gap?
4. Do the positive qualities of a retired CEO deteriorate, or do they never become outdated?
Read the attached Closer Look and let us know what you think!
Challenges faced by women entreprenuers and hr professionals in bangladeshMahiul Habib Tasfin
This document discusses a study conducted on the HR challenges faced by women-headed organizations in Bangladesh. It provides background on women's participation in the workforce and entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. It notes that while laws and policies aim to empower women, they still face significant challenges in society and the business world compared to men. The objectives of the study were to identify the sectors where women face challenges as HR professionals, distinguish the types of challenges faced in different HR practices, and suggest ways to overcome such challenges. The study utilized primary interviews and secondary sources. It aimed to understand the realities on the ground for women professionals and entrepreneurs in Bangladesh and look for practical solutions to promote gender equality.
The document discusses a project investigating staff engagement, satisfaction, and motivation at an Australian insurance company. It provides context on the company, which was family owned but taken over and underwent management changes. The methodology involved qualitative interviews to explore these factors and their effect on performance. Findings showed engagement increased through improved communication and recognition programs. Motivation benefited from improved teamwork and goal setting. Satisfaction levels rose regarding remuneration but fell for work hours. Performance was most influenced by organizational structure. Recommendations focus on strengthening teams, developing skills, managing expectations, and maintaining work-life balance.
The document introduces organizational behavior and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines organizational behavior as the field studying how individuals, groups, and organizational structure influence behavior in organizations. The summary also describes the three levels of analysis in the book's OB model - individual, group, and organizational systems. Finally, it provides examples of important dependent variables that are studied in OB, such as productivity, absenteeism, and job satisfaction.
Deciding how to meet obligations and act responsibly ethical analysis and pro...FerdinandLabaniego
James Rest (1994) – well-known cognitive-developmental researcher, developed a model of ethical behavior. Rest, et. al., claimed there are four (4) psychological processes that affect ethical decision making and behavior.
The document is feedback from a professor to a student on an assignment about international human resources. The professor notes that the student's presentation was missing several key requirements of the assignment, including an analysis of how personnel administration objectives influence IHRM, recommendations for training a diverse workforce, and support with local data. The presentation also did not meet the required length and formatting guidelines. The professor provided the assignment requirements to guide the student in completing the presentation satisfactorily.
This document outlines the key objectives and concepts from a chapter on organizational behavior. It defines organizational behavior and explains what managers do, including making decisions, allocating resources, and directing others. It also summarizes the major management functions of planning, organizing, controlling, and leading. Finally, it discusses the dependent and independent variables that influence organizational behavior and the challenges and opportunities managers face in using these concepts.
Define organizational behavior (OB).
Describe what managers do.
Explain the value of the systematic study of OB.
List the major challenges and opportunities for managers to use OB concepts.
Identify the contributions made by major behavioral science disciplines to OB.
- The survey found that while boards generally rate themselves positively in terms of skills and effectiveness, there are also significant issues that need improvement.
- While most directors believe the board has the right skills, boards receive lower marks for processes like evaluating individual directors, providing feedback, and removing underperforming members.
- Female directors tended to rate board effectiveness, dynamics, and the qualifications of other directors more negatively than male directors.
- The study recommends boards conduct in-depth evaluations of their composition, processes, and effectiveness to identify areas for improvement.
This document summarizes the details of a stated income loan product called Easy Stated. It offers fixed-rate and adjustable rate mortgages with terms up to 30 years and maximum loan-to-value ratios of 95% for primary residences. Borrowers must have a minimum credit score of 680. Income and assets are stated rather than verified, but some asset documentation is required. Custom DU approval with 50% maximum debt-to-income ratio is needed.
Este documento lista más de 200 vuelos domésticos e internacionales que salen de aeropuertos españoles y que han sido cancelados el 24 de febrero debido a una huelga. Los vuelos cancelados incluyen rutas entre Madrid y ciudades como Barcelona, Sevilla, Málaga, Bilbao, entre otras; así como vuelos internacionales desde Madrid a destinos en Europa, África, América y Asia. Algunos vuelos operarán pero no admitirán pasajeros con origen o destino local.
Hypothesis of research for the development of milanmario d'andreta
The document outlines a research project that aims to analyze the role of the local power elite in governing Milan and the cultural models that guide Milan's development. The researcher plans to identify the power structures and shared visions of the elite through network, discourse and decision analyses. This will provide an interpretive model of Milan's governance and identify strategies for improvement. The study integrates theories on power dynamics, policy analysis and symbolic processes to understand how elite networks and meanings shape local decision-making. The results could inform urban governance practices and account for the social and political contexts that embed them.
El documento presenta varias páginas web relacionadas con medios de comunicación y tecnología para diferentes generaciones. Luego describe un esquema conceptual que contrasta a los estudiantes sin tecnología con los que cuentan con ella, señalando que estos últimos tienen ventaja al acceder a los avances del conocimiento. Finalmente, concluye que ante el aumento de la tecnología en la educación, es importante que los docentes tengan conocimientos y habilidades para usar herramientas tecnológicas en la enseñanza.
El documento define los conceptos de cultura, ciudad, ciudadanía y explica su importancia para los seres humanos. Define cultura como las habilidades y costumbres adquiridas por los miembros de una sociedad. Explica que existen diferentes tipos de culturas. Define ciudad como un área urbana densamente poblada con servicios e industrias. Define ciudadanía como la condición de ser miembro de una comunidad organizada que conlleva derechos y deberes. Concluye que es importante respetar las diferentes culturas y trabajar juntos para generar
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Español
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Visitaremos el 'Castro Celta Vettón' de El Raso/Candeleda ,en la cara sur de la sierra de Gredos.
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The document discusses Carol Vernallis' music video theory, which focuses on four concepts: narrative, editing, camera movement/framing, and diegesis. It then provides examples of how these concepts were applied in the music video for the song "CRAZY." The narrative follows the lyrics and storyline from beginning to end. Various editing techniques like juxtaposition were used. Close-ups and long shots aided the camera work. Repetitions in movements during the chorus helped convey that the protagonist was "going crazy."
Executive Coaching.
Potenziare la performance del leader.
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Adil Touchene has over 10 years of experience in industrial maintenance. He has a professional license in industrial engineering from ENSI in Tanger as well as degrees in electromechanical engineering. He is currently a preventive maintenance technician at SEWS MFZ in Kenitra, where he works in the cutting area. Previously, he held corrective and preventive maintenance roles at Delphi Automotive Systems in Tanger. Touchene also has extensive training in electrical systems, automation, welding and engine repair. He is proficient in French, English, German, Microsoft Office, AutoCAD, CATIA and various maintenance software.
This document discusses birth defects, their causes, and prenatal diagnosis techniques. It covers common chromosomal and genetic causes of birth defects like Down syndrome. Environmental factors like infections, radiation, drugs, and maternal diseases are also discussed as teratogens that can cause birth defects. The document outlines the major types of birth defects and explains techniques used in prenatal diagnosis like ultrasound to detect fetal malformations.
Costos de produccion y sus relaciones graficasvictogv
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Este documento describe las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), definidas como un conjunto de servicios, redes, software y dispositivos que mejoran la calidad de vida de las personas al integrarlos en un sistema de información interconectado. Se discuten tanto las ventajas como las desventajas de las TIC, y se explica que las TIC se han conceptualizado como la integración de la computación, las telecomunicaciones y el procesamiento de datos, con componentes humanos, de contenido, equipos, infraestructura, software e intercambio electr
This short document contains a list of three items: Test 1, Test 2, and Test 3. No other details are provided about the nature of the tests or what they involve. The document simply lists three separate tests numbered in order.
Curso adm 551 gestión de implementación de sistema de seguridad ocupacionalProcasecapacita
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Women in ICT Leadership - Are We Nearly There?Deanna Kosaraju
Voices 2014 presented by Global Tech Women
Women in ICT Leadership - Are We Nearly There?
Chandana Unnithan, Deakin University, Australia; Renu Rajani, Capgemini, India and Arathi G, RIPL, India
Difference between male and female leadership styleArjun Mahat
The document summarizes a research report on differences in leadership style between male and female leaders. It includes an introduction outlining the background and objectives of the study. The report also describes the methodology, which involved a secondary data analysis comparing leadership styles across different fields. The major findings were that while some differences exist between male and female styles, specifically with males tending towards more autocratic styles in business, there is no definitive evidence that gender determines leadership ability or style. Overall leadership effectiveness depends on various situational factors rather than gender alone.
This document summarizes Randa Newsome's presentation on increasing diversity and inclusion at Raytheon. The presentation discusses strategies to develop a global talent pipeline, including increasing awareness of unconscious bias, highlighting success stories of diverse employees, and ensuring strong succession planning. It also notes business needs for more diverse candidates and faster access to international markets that a global talent strategy could address.
The document discusses recent trends in recruitment focusing more on productivity rather than just hiring more people. It notes that focusing on productivity can benefit both the organization and employees by needing to hire fewer people while better utilizing current employee potential. People analytics can help determine the characteristics of top performers to use in recruitment and employee development. The document also provides tips for interviews such as researching the company beforehand to learn about their vision, mission and values.
This document provides an introduction and background to a research paper on work-life balance policies and their impact on employee job satisfaction and turnover intention among Malaysian organizations. It discusses how work-life balance has become an important issue for human resource management as organizations face demands to improve efficiency while supporting employees' personal lives. The research aims to analyze work-life balance practices in Malaysian companies, particularly in the oil and gas industry, through interviews with HR professionals and employee surveys. The goal is to identify factors inhibiting effective work-life balance and areas of best practice, and develop a framework for managing it systematically while conforming to local cultural norms.
White paper 2018 - 2019 LEE HECHT HARRISON ( LHH ) Elevating women in leader...Michal Hatina
Organizations need to pull several levers at the individual, cultural and organizational levels to make meaningful change. Women need to believe that leadership is a possible career path for them and engage in deliberate ongoing planning. Leaders need to actively champion female talent and create opportunities for women to grow and advance. Organizations must continue to support women in their development, offer meaningful formal practices and hold leaders accountable for creating an inclusive environment. When these initiatives are implemented effectively, movement will occur.
To What Extent Does the Female Entrepreneur Strategy Differ to their Male cou...Becki Saunders
This document outlines a research project examining potential differences between male and female entrepreneurs and how those differences may impact business success. It begins with an introduction noting the growing number of female entrepreneurs. The paper then presents its primary research question of identifying gender-based differences and how they may affect business success. Several secondary questions are also proposed to further explore gender gaps in entrepreneurship motivation and strategies. The document reviews various academic literature on characteristics of male and female entrepreneurs and debates around their similarities and differences.
Hrm 52 3 ulrich et al. the state of the hr professionKC19LODO
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A Study Of Motivation How To Get Your Employees MovingSabrina Green
This document provides an overview and summary of a thesis on employee motivation. It begins with an introduction to the topic and definitions of motivation. Major theories of motivation are then discussed, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and the four motivations. Financial and non-financial motivators are examined, along with implications for managers. The document concludes by stating the research aims to help managers understand how to motivate employees to increase productivity.
The document summarizes research on the impact of women on corporate boards. It conducted interviews with 102 corporate directors from around the world to understand their perspectives. The directors believe that women contribute differently than men in ways that make boards more effective, such as bringing a diversity of perspectives and asking more questions. However, women still make up a small percentage of directors globally. Standard recruitment practices and a lack of effort to recruit women contribute to the slow pace of change.
In 2009, Australia’s Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner, Elizabeth Broderick, brought together 12 of Australia’s most senior male leaders for the purpose of increasing gender equality and the representation of women in leadership within Australia. They are the Male Champions of Change
Newman Research proposal Final Draft (1)Ryan Newman
Women continue to face gender inequality and barriers to career advancement in the workplace. Research has shown that industries tend to model the policies and practices of other similar organizations, resulting in increased homogeneity and barriers for women seeking leadership roles. Women experience obstacles such as the glass ceiling effect where an invisible barrier prevents advancement, as well as higher rates of sexual harassment compared to men. While having more women in leadership roles within an organization can help create opportunities for other women, simply having women on corporate boards does not guarantee greater equity or reduce the gender wage gap. Further research is needed to better understand and address the ongoing issue of gender inequality faced by women in the workforce.
Empowering Women: An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of ‘Work-Family B...harpreetdusanjh
This study makes an attempt to analyse the determinants of ‘work-family’ balance related factor for Women Corporate Governance professionals in India. ‘Maslow Pyramid’ was utilized to assess the motivation of women joining Corporate Governance profession in India. The job satisfaction of the respondents and its association with ‘Family domain’ and ‘Work domain’ related variables was also assessed. The sample of the study was collected through a structured questionnaire from 200 women professionals having membership of Institute of Company Secretaries of India during the period November, 2017 – January, 2018. An empirical analysis was made on the data using statistical techniques of the Friedman Rank Test and Kendall's Tau Coefficient. The findings of the study reveal that need for ‘Achievement’ and ‘Affiliation’ are the key determinants for choosing Corporate Governance profession by women Company Secretaries in India. Furthermore, the level of job satisfaction was found associated with ‘family domain’ related and ‘work domain’ related variables. The study finds its relevance as this is ‘one of its kind’ study for exploring motivational factors of women Corporate Governance professionals in India and forms the base for further research in the area.
Running head LEADERSHIP PORTFOLIO1LEADERSHIP PORTFOLIO4.docxtoddr4
Running head: LEADERSHIP PORTFOLIO 1
LEADERSHIP PORTFOLIO 4
Leadership Portfolio
Your Name
Southern States University
Abstract
You will write a 150-word overview of your leadership style and techniques here.
Keywords: Leadership Portfolio
Write a 5-10 sentence explanation of your leadership style to introduce your paper.
Leadership Potential Assessment
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Managerial Leadership Skills
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Big Five Personality Profile
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Motive Profile
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Motive Profile with Socialized Power
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Leadership Interest
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Theory X and Theory Y Attitudes
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
How Ethical is Your Behavior
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Strategic Management Assessment
You should write 3-5 sentences about the assessment including your score and how you can apply that information as a leader.
Personal Vision Statement
You will include the personal vision statement from your week 7 paper here. This information will come from your week 7 paper.
Personal Mission Statement
You will include the personal mission statement from your week 7 paper here. This information will come from your week 7 paper.
Personal SWOT Analysis
You will include the SWOT Analysis from your week 7 paper here. If you did not properly quote things and use in text citations for your original paper, you should update that for this submission. This information will come from your week 7 paper.
Motivational Theory
You will include at least 1-2 pages of information from your motivational theory paper here. You should include a minimum of three references in this section. If you did not properly quote things and use in text citations for your original paper, you should update that for this submission. This information will come from your week 2 paper.
Communication, Conflict, and Power
You will include at least 1-2 pages of information from your communication, conflict, and power paper here. You should include a minimum of three references in this section. If you did not properly quote things and use in text citations for your original paper, you should up.
Hays heeft onderzoek gedaan naar genderdiversiteit op de werkvloer in 31 landen wereldwijd. De onderzoeksvragen werden ingevuld door bijna 6.000 respondenten. In het onderzoeksrapport worden de belangrijkste globale en Nederlandse resultaten met u gedeeld.
The document discusses exploring a career as a legal secretary. It describes choosing this career due to being exposed to it through the author's mother, who has worked as a legal secretary for over two years. The author visited their mother's workplace and observed legal secretaries in meetings. To pursue this career, the author will need to complete post-secondary education in paralegal studies or law clerk programs to gain the necessary skills in legal terminology, procedures, and software. The career offers stable employment prospects with opportunities to specialize or advance into other law-related roles.
5 Ways to Conquer Unconscious Bias in Diversity Hiring QuekelsBaro
We all fall victim to unconscious bias, so how do we keep it out of our hiring practices and improve organizational diversity? This post examines 5 strategies for handling unconscious bias during recruitment and hiring.
Assignment On Quot Gender Issues In Performance Appraisal QuotAngelina Johnson
Gender bias can negatively impact performance appraisals if not properly addressed. There are biases that individual raters may have as well as structural biases within an organization's performance evaluation process and criteria. To minimize gender bias, organizations should implement transparent and objective rating criteria, involve multiple evaluators, provide rater training on recognizing biases, and ensure rating areas are structured to value all types of contributions regardless of gender. Regular review of the performance appraisal process can help identify and address biases to create a more equitable system for all employees.
Life Long LearningJeremy ThomasHRMT310Life.docxSHIVA101531
Life Long Learning
Jeremy Thomas
HRMT310
Life Long Learning Paper and Career Development Equals Organizational Effectiveness.
Jeremy,
Again your paper does not support the assignment requirements. You were supposed to explain in very simple terms how life long learning and career counseling supports organizational effectiveness. Basically you needed to explain how the individual determined their skill gaps and how they worked on the skill gaps to make themselves more marketable both inside and outside of the organization. In addition, the career counselor can effectively help the individual employee mitigate skill gaps through the development of individual development plans. While the employee is working on career development they are becoming more agile and adaptable and the organization can use them in many different situations and empower the employee as they gain new skills. If the organization does not empower and enrich the employee or if the employee finds a better opportunity because of their new skills they will leave the organization. You stated in your paper that it will be necessary for employees to gain new skills and find new organizations but you did not elaborate on it.
I could not follow your writing or understand the sentence structures. It was very passively written. You ha many quotes and the quotes were not cited correctly. You did not reference your text at all in this paper.
Health involves much more than caring for your body. The human brain also needs to be nurtured and treated, and "lifelong learning" is a key element of a healthy brain regimen. Recent studies have shown that challenging your brain, by motivating the brain to create new patterns, is an important factor to keep your brain active and healthy as you age out. Lifelong learning is like a health club for our minds, bodies and spirits. Using this health exercise every day helps to ensure that life will be richer, more stimulating and more fulfilling and exciting. There are many ways to engage in lifelong learning; (classes, associations, informal networking, field trips, and travel). Professional development can play a significant role. "A standout amongst the most imperative and extremely perplexing issues of vocation administration is given by its adequacy. In a nature's turf, the vocation adequacy is exceptionally overall acknowledged from both, the singular and organization perspective". Comment by Roy Elam Jr.: This introduction does not support the assignment requirements and does not develop a detailed thesis. Comment by Roy Elam Jr.: This is quoted but you did not provide a reference.
The Vitality of Lifelong Learning for Career Development
What measures do the associations take to help attaining effective professions for each of their workers? Which are the most essential means so as to acquire profession adequacy? There are some profession viability criteria that ought to be thought seriously about, both ...
The Better Boards Report - Exploring the Impact of Women on BoardsCate Goethals
The directors interviewed believe that women contribute differently and positively to board effectiveness in several ways:
1. Women bring more diversity in terms of gender, age, experience, and perspective which leads to more robust debates.
2. Women are more likely to ask different types of questions that spur deeper discussion of issues like human impacts, ethics, and long-term implications.
3. Women adopt a more collaborative approach that fosters relationship building and encourages contributions from all directors.
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BriansClub.cm, a famous platform on the dark web, has become one of the most infamous carding marketplaces, specializing in the sale of stolen credit card data.
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IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
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This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...Neil Horowitz
On episode 272 of the Digital and Social Media Sports Podcast, Neil chatted with Brian Fitzsimmons, Director of Licensing and Business Development for Barstool Sports.
What follows is a collection of snippets from the podcast. To hear the full interview and more, check out the podcast on all podcast platforms and at www.dsmsports.net
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In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
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Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
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The fashion industry is dynamic and ever-changing, continuously sculpted by trailblazing visionaries who challenge norms and redefine beauty. This document delves into the profiles of some of the most iconic fashion personalities whose impact has left a lasting impression on the industry. From timeless designers to modern-day influencers, each individual has uniquely woven their thread into the rich fabric of fashion history, contributing to its ongoing evolution.
1. INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
SEMINAR IN BUSINESS POLICY TERM PROJECT
HOW MEN AND WOMEN DIFFER IN TERMS OF
CAREER PLANNING
Course Instructor:Sir Baber Khairi
Program:MBA Regular
Semester:Fall 2015
Group Members:
Abdul Bait Shami (17178)
Adeel Ahmed (17461)
Saba Ishtiaq (18060)
Sidra Razi (17360)
SyedaMehak Zahra (17361)
2. Executive Summary
The research article is all about the factors that affect men and women in choosing the right
path towards their career. We have worked on different case studiers and articles to find out
the possible causes about career planning. A sample size of 60 respondents including 32 men
and 28 female respondents from different organizational level has been collected. It has been
found out that promotion gap could be one of the possible factor that influences career
planning. Women after getting married sacrifices their career for the sake of their families. It
is a natural phenomenon. It all happens of the most of the societies. This concept has been
supported by many studies mentioned in this article.
Our empirical findings shows that men always have a clear career target when the start their
job hunting as compare to women they mold their careers as opportunities comes to their
way, whereas we cannot ignore those few moment to achieved their career goals as
accurately as they planned and if we talk about today’s female student we can easily see an
immense energy in them to achieve something in their life.
Now again talking about our study the empirical findings of our study shows that more are
more confident about their skills and abilities as compare to women and family plays a vital
role in women career planning, most of the time it became a reason for them to leave their
careers whereas for men family became their strength to work more harder in their careers.
Some of the times the nature of our society which is male dominating, discourages women
and encourage men to strive harder for career advancements
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
December 21, 2015
3. Mr. Baber Saad Khairi
Faculty: Seminar and business policy
Institute of Business Management
Dear Mr. Khairi,
Along with this letter we are submitting our research report under the title of “How
men and women differ in terms of career planning” which you had approved earlier.
This research report is compulsory part of our Seminar and business policy course.
The report being submitted is complete and thorough. We hope that it would make for
an interesting read.
For any further queries please feel free to ask us.
Yours sincerely,
____________________
Abdul Basit Shamim
____________________
Adeel Ahmed
____________________
Syeda Mehak Zahra
____________________
Sidra Razi
____________________
Saba Ishtiaq
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
All thanks to Almighty Allah who granted us the strength to complete this
project within a given stipulated time.
We would like to thank our dear mentor Mr. Baber Khairi who taught us the
coursein a very effective manner. Without his supportand guidance, it was
difficult for us to make this casestudy. He provided us with different
information regarding this topic which enabled us to compile all of the
information into a casearticle
In the last we would like to thank our parents and other colleagues who gave us
different sources and links to gather all of this information and compiling it in
our term project. In this short spanof time, it was way difficult, but because of
the reliable sources from our colleagues, it becomes easy for us to compile in
our article. We hope that this article would be an example for our future
endeavors.
Abdul Basit Shamim
(17178)
Adeel Ahmed (17461)
Saba Ishtiaq (18060)
Sidra Razi (17360)
SyedaMehak Zahra (17361)
5. ABSTRACT
The research article emphasizes the detailed information on the career plans and their
expectations of men and women. We have done questionnaire survey to identify the factors
that affect their career. The overall approach of this study is quantitative as well as
qualitative. We have made graphical representations of this test and found out that women are
less career sensitive than men.. As men are more active towards the development of career.
They have more chances of getting higher positions and more pay scale than women. as
women compromises their career when it comes to family burden. Men never compromise
their career because of their strong position in the society.
The overall goal of this study is achieved by reviewing different literature review and
research articles from different sources. We have also found out the career theory in which
we have also found out the same results. Gender differences are one of the most important
factors that occurs in most of the organizations. No matter how worthy that organizations are.
Female managers have fewer expectations of their career promotions and high pay scale than
men because of this main factor. The purpose is achieved by reviewing the theories and
literature in the following field.
6. Table of Contents
PREAMBLE ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
DATA COLLECTION............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDICES ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Questionnaire: .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
7. PREAMBLE:
According to the equal percentage of opportunities of male and female, we have noticed that
men are more career conscious than women. Men have more consistent career than women.
Men are more continuously on the lookout for career advancement opportunities. Men are
always seen as beneficial in their career for two main reasons. First, women take primary
responsibilities of taking care of their children and family, they sacrifice their careers and this
makes men continue pursuing their careers, either they become father. Second, personality
characteristics also makes important for men to flourish their career as in their profession
identical to those central to male role (Betz & Fitzgerald,1987; Eagly&Karau, 2002).
According to Gallos, 1989, he said that majority of the female careers were distracted from
male perspective. It ias because after females getting married, they were being influenced by
this huge family burden of taking care of home rather than putting interest on career
development.
There are multiple theories and arguments presented to explain the observed gender gap in
career achievements and experience.
According to Hansen, 1976, Career development is one of the most important factors that is a
long lasting process of development experiences focuses on obtaining, processing and
seeking different sorts of information about occupational alternatives, and role options. In
other words, career development is one of the essential processes that people tend to
understand, as it relates to their work and their roles. Career development is a broader process
of human development. For the last 75 long years, Career development theory has been
broadly categorized into different theories.
According to Holland Approach, career development defines that different types of
personality as well as behavioral styles are one of the major factors that influences career
development. The most important factor in case of Holland Approach is employee’s
behavior. Holland Theory states that men are more sensitive towards accomplishment of their
career.
Vocational Development is the procedure for developing as well as implementing self-
concept. It is the procedure that when self-concept becomes a reality, vocational choice as
well as behavior also becomes a reality. Employees always choose those occupations that
allow them to express self-concepts.
Researchers have found multiple reasons behind this discrimination including the nature of
our society which is male dominating, the fields offered in Pakistan for men and women, the
level of confidence found in both genders about their skills and abilities or priorities that men
and women gives to their home and career. McWhirter(1997) have worked on ethnic as well
as gender discrepancies. He worked on this field work on American and Mexican people. The
overall result from this research was that most female face more barriers towards
advancement of career than male participants.
8. According to Hudson (2011), he suggests about women that they are internalizing message
that the top level positions are beyond their reach. On one hand, it can be said that gender
discrimination could be one of the reason that both hold different positions. As far as gender
differences is concerned, so women are much struggling then men as gender differences is a
bigger obstacle in the field of career success (Eagly&Carli, 2007). Gender discrimination is
one of the biggest hurdles in a large number of organizations. It is the result of many factors.
According to (Burt, 1992, Linehan, 2001), their studies and research have highlighted the
importance of formal as well as informal socializing networking towards their career
advancement. As discussed earlier, the difficulties women are facing accessing these
networks might result in differences in promotion opportunities for both men and women.
According to Ceiber, Crant, and Kraimer, 1999, the two major indicators of career success
are promotions and salary. Talking about promotion and salary, so there is huge gender
discrimination in these variables. As men gets more promotion than women.
ResearchQuestion:
We have made a 2 page questionnaire filled by every organizational level. At junior, middle
and senior level, we have filled this questionnaire. Our target was male and female who work
in the organizations and those who conduct their own business. Different questions regarding
career planning, organizational level, future goals, career consciousness etc.
The overall purpose of asking these questions were to get answers of these questions.
What factors explain the disparity of career planning intensity between men and women?
The research questions of the study are:
RQ 1: What are the reasons that men and women have different ideas for achieving
higher level position?
RQ 2: What are those factors that affect the difference between experiences of career of
male and female?
TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis 1:
H1: Men plan their career effectively and take a more active approach towards career
advancement than women.
Ho: Men do not plan their career effectively and do not take an active approach towards
career advancement than women.
Explanation:
9. The above hypothesis is based on the fact that men tend to plan their careers more effectively
and rigorously than women which results in men having high successful rates in
accomplishing their professional goals. With a specific end goal to test the above hypothesis,
numerous variables are taken into consideration for examination. There are few independent
variables that are considered to see its adverse impact on women career planning. In this
hypothesis dependent variable in effective career planning whereas independent variables are
the opportunities offered, sense of responsibility, the skills and abilities they have and the
confident level to achieve what one aimed for.
Hypothesis 2:
H1: Men strive more intensely for a higher organizational position than women.
Ho: Men strive less intensely for a higher organizational position than women.
Explanation:
The hypothesis stated above is to examine the intensity to which men fight to get better
positions in their career, whereas female do not actually that much struggle for career
advancement despite the fact that women anticipate more barriers in career path than male. In
order to test above hypothesis we have taken our dependent variable degree to which women
strive for higher positions and independent variables are how they lookout for the
opportunities, clear career view, work family life balance and male dominating society.
10. DATA ANALYSIS
Following is the bar chart of total population of male
and female respondents. We have surveyed from a total
of 32 men and 28 female respondents for finding out the
factors affecting career planning.
Age Range:
By looking at this pie chart,
most of the male respondents
lie under the age 30-34 years.
These are those respondents
that are proceeding towards a
stable position in their career.
While some of the respondents
who are at a rising position lie
under the age of 30 years. Few
of the respondents who are
having their stabilized position
lie under the age 35-39. The
rest of the respondents lie
under 40-44, 45-50 and 50-54.
11. Marital Status of male Respondents:
In this pie chart, most of the male respondents that we surveyed are those who are married. In
married respondents, most of the respondents are those that are having a stable position.
Some of the respondents are those who are at senior executive position. The rest of the
respondents that are single are those who are in a position of rising. They are in a position of
making their career. While the rest of the respondents lie under the category of others. It
includes those respondents that are either divorced or widower.
Your partner’s work status/ organizational level
In this pie chart, most of the male respondents who are married or single have stated that their
partner don’t work in the organizations at any level. Some of the male respondents who are
married have stated that their partner works in the organization at a low level. While the rest
of the male respondents stated that their partner are working at higher position as well as at
the same position.
12. Employment Level:
According to the given pie
chart, most of the male
respondents that we have
surveyed are working at middle
and junior positions. While the
rest of the male respondents are
enjoying their career and are
lying at the senior executive
position. It consists of those
respondents, that lie under the
age of 45 to 59 years
How long they have been working:
In this bar chart, we have surveyed from 32 male respondents. When we asked this question,
we have found out that most of the male respondents are working in the organization and
making their career for 5- 10 years. The other respondents who are at the rising position or
just started making their career are working for less than five years. The senior male
respondents are working in the corporate sector for more than 15 years.
13. How they see their career:
In this bar chart, most of the male respondents have started their careers and hence are at the
rising position. While the rest of the respondents who are at senior management level position
have gain stability in their career.
Willingness for high
pay scale position:
Male respondents are career
conscious, and it is a fact that
has been shown in this pie
chart. Majority of the male
respondents are always willing
to go for a high pay scale
position. The rest of the
respondents do not tend to go
to high pay scale position. It is
because of the family matters
and some of the respondents
are highly satisfied with their
current jobs.
14. Satisfaction in achieving professional objective:
Majority of the male respondents are highly satisfied by achieving their professional
objectives while some of the male respondents are not satisfied with achieving their
professional objective.
Highest org. level to achieve:
Every male respondent has a desire to achieve a higher position in the organization. The
following graph shows majority of the male respondents as they have a huge desire of
achieving executive level position. While the rest of the male respondents desire to get senior
executive position. It is for those respondents who are working at executive level position and
desiring to go to the CEO Director Position.
15. Clear career target:
Majority of the male respondents entering in the organization level have a clear cut target
towards accomplishment of their career. The rest of the respondents who have just entered
didn’t have make up their mind what they have to do or where they pursue their career.
Confidence in one-self:
Men while working in the organization have a strong belief that they will soon achieve their
career. As they have lower family pressures . While the rest of the respondents who don’t
know their career, do not have the idea either they will achieve their goal or not
16. Have skills for career advancement:
Men have more skills and abilities towards accomplishment of their career. The given graph
shows that men agree that with their skills, they will soon achieve senior level positions.
Looking out for career opportunities:
Majority of the male respondents agree with this statement that they agree that they look out
for more career advancement position. While the rest of the respondents don’t have idea of
career advancement position as they havent planned their career.
17. Consciously planned my career:
Male respondents haven’t planned their career, that’s not possible. The given chart shows
that, men always plan their career while entering in the practical life. The rest of the
respondents haven’t planned their career so they don’t have idea about career planning.
Women less willing to fight barriers:
Majority of the male respondents agree with this fact that women are less willing than men in
their career. It is because women are struggling towards the career advancement. The
respondents whose partners are working at a lower position or not working agree with t this
18. statement. Those respondents whose partners are working at the partner’s same position or
working at a higher position believe that women are more willing towards accomplishment of
their careers.
Consideration for specific field:
While entering in the practical field men always plan that they desire to have their respective
position according to their choice. Majority of male respondents agree that they always
consider specific field before applying for a suitable job. While the rest of the respondents
feel whatever they get position that their choice.
Family affected by professional life:
Men are career conscious, and that’s why the family matters didn’t affect their professional
life/ it has been stated by majority of the respondents. The rest of the respondents going for a
high position look for their family matters and it strongly affects their career.
19. Age Range:
The above chart shows the women percentage of different ages in which most of the women
are under 30 and 30-34. The rest of the respondents lie under the age of 35-40, 40-45 till 50
years.
Marital Status
of female
Respondents:
The given pie chart
shows that most of the
female respondents
are those that are
married and also
working in
organizations at
different levels
respectively. While
the rest of the women
are not married and
focusing on making
their career. The rest
are widowed or
divorced who are
working for the sake
of their family.
20. Your partner’s work status/ organizational level
According to the given bar chart, following are those respondents whose partners are working
at a higher position. While the rest of the respondents are having their partners having senior
or similar position than them.
Employment
Level:
Most of the women
are at middle and
junior level because of
their families and
other responsibilities
they didn’t give much
time to their work and
remains at middle
level while the other
are at executive level
and having a balanced
life of work and
family.
21. How long they have been working:
The following bar chart shows that most of the women are working in the organizations for
less than 5 years and 5-10 years. The rest of the respondents are working in the organization
for 10 to 15 years and more than 15 years respectively.
How they see their
career:
Most of the working
women said yes as they are
looking for a job with high
pay scale as they want to
get more salary to
accomplish their goals
what they want to achieve
in their life as a women,
While the other say no as
they are doing job but
more dependent on their
husbands.
22. How they see their career:
Most of the women said that they are at rising career while the remaining are at stable and
lower, it is because of their family life they are at rising but they have to left the job because
of their children’s and for their family life.
Willingness for higher pay scale:
Most of the women are willing to consider their job with higher responsibility and try to lead
their organization towards the goals as they are more dedicated towards their work, what they
do they do it with responsibility,.
23. Highest Org. level to achieve:
Most of the women want to achieve executive level , most of them had already achieved but
still they have to maintain their family as well as working life due to which they sacrifice
their positions and restricted to senior and middle level positions.
Clear career target:
Most of the women are totally agree that they have a clear career target what they want to
achieve while the remaining are tend to disagree and other don’t know about career they only
work because they want to work.
24. Confidence in one self:
Most of the female respondents while entering in the field have a strong belief that they will
soon achieve their career. The rest of the female respondents don’t have idea about career
planning because of family pressures.
Look out for career advancement opportunities:
Following is the graph of the women who look for career advancement opportunities.
Majority of the female respondents look for career advancement while some of the females
disagree with this statement as of family pressures.
25. Need specific skills:
As most of the women needs skill for further career advancement but due to their family life
they don’t have enough time to increase their skills, while the other don’t know and disagree
with this question.
Hadn’t planned career: While entering in the practical field, it is decided that
everyone plans their career no matter what will be their future after their marriage. The
following graph shows the fact. Majority of the female respondents make their career.
26. Women are less willing to fight barriers:
Men agree with this statement that women are less willing to struggle with their career. But
when asking the same question from female respondents, it was a vice versa. Women are
more willing than men. They have more potential, as they can do better than men. Majority of
the female respondents disagree with this statement. Only a few of the respondents feel that
they have less potential than men to fight for their career.
Considered any specific field:
Women consider more their fields because they need to maintain their working hours and
family hours and they are more focused on office work related to man.
27. Family affected by professional life:
In this question, majority of the women feel that family matters affect their career
advancement. While talking about rest of the female respondents, so they believe that family
matters don’t affect their career. As they have more potential to manage the personal as well
as professional life effectively.
28. CONCLUSION:
The research has been conducted from a sample of 60 respondents from different levels of
respective organizations. At senior, junior, and junior level position, we have conducted this
research. By collecting our findings and putting all in SPSS, it has been found out that Family
matters, Gender Discrimination, Psychological issues, family pressures are those factors that
influences women towards career planning. But on the other side, these factors don’t
influence men towards career planning. As men have a strong position in the society. They
prefer career more than the family. They can’t even compromise on their career planning
rather than females. This philosophy is almost same in other countries. Even in India and
other Asian countries, majority of women after getting married compromised their career
because of family matters. In some of the extreme cases, men and women work together.
Some women are career conscious as they also focus on their careers. But while entering in
the practical field, all men and women do career planning as it is already explained in our
term project.
Men while working in the organization have a strong belief that they will soon achieve their
career. As they have lower family pressures so they have less family pressures.
In the western culture, it is opposite a little bit. In western culture, female as well as men
work at different levels. Females are equally motivated than men.
By looking into big five career theory, we have also found out that women are less willing
than men towards career advancement. The Holland Theory is the best example of this career
theory. Even other career theory states the same thing. Women that are divorced or widowed
look for career accomplishment. They look for jobs to take care of their family and kids. In
most of the organizations, gender discrimination occurs to a large extent. Promotions and
Salaries increase are given to men rather than women and this reduces their level of
confidence to flourish their career.
One of the main reason is that females are not promoted to senior position is because of the
lack of confidence and enjoyment that comes along with the title.
The women are the ones who can manage personal as well as professional lives very
accurately. They have more potential than men. But because of family pressures and personal
matters, the women get discouraged with this. On one hand, it can be said that gender
discrimination could be one of the reason that both hold diverse positions. On the other side,
the absence of female guides and role models would be the central point that females are
more reluctant of striving for higher positions. They need to have a woman mentor that could
motivate them towards accomplishment of career by making them feel that they have more
skills and abilities than men.