This document defines and describes various aspects of computer networks. It explains that a network is a collection of connected computing devices that communicate and share resources, and can transmit any combination of voice, video, and data. It also outlines requirements for networking like resource sharing and reliability. Additionally, it describes different types of networks, cables, networking devices, network models, IP addressing, classes of IP, subnetting, firewalls, types of firewalls, and wireless LAN topologies.

2. WHAT IS A NETWORK ?
• A collection of computing devices that
are connected in various ways in order to
communicate and share resources
• Any combination of voice, video and/or
data can be transmitted.

3. REQUIREMENT OF
NETWORKING
• RESOURCE SHARING
• HIGH RELABILITY
• SCALABILITY

4. TYPES OF NETWORKS
• LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK)
• MAN (METROPOLITAN AREA
NETWORK)
• WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK)

5. CABLES
TWISTED PAIR
COAXIAL
FIBRE OPTICS

6. NETWORKING DEVICES
NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)
HUB
SWITCH
ROUTER

7. NETWORK MODELS
OSI MODEL

8. IP ADDRESSING
Every machine on the internet has a
unique identifying number, called an IP
address.
IP address can be 32 bit IPv4 or 128 bit
IPv6
IP address can be split into two sections
-> Network address
-> Host address

9. CLASSES OF IP
CLASS A: For very large network
CLASS B: For medium sized network
CLASS C: For small to mid-size buisness
CLASS D: Used for multicast
CLASS E: For experimental purpose

10. SUBNETTING
• Process of subdividing networks into
smaller subnets.
• Class A, B, C are used for subnetting

11. FIREWALL
A firewall is device of some kind that
protect our network.
A firewall examines all traffic routed
between the networks to see if it meets
certain criteria.
It can be a hardware device or a software
program running on a secure host.

12. TYPES OF FIREWALL
PACKET FILTERING
PROXY
STATEFUL INSPECTION

13. WIRELESS LAN
Wireless LAN is a network that provide
the facility of networking without the
need for physical connection.
Uses radio waves as a medium for
transmitting data between computers.

14. TOPOLOGIES FOR WLAN
INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK
AD – HOC NETWORK