WebDriver is a simpler and more concise programming interface than Selenium RC that better supports dynamic web pages. The key advantages of Selenium 2.0/WebDriver include not requiring a server, having an easier coding experience, and supporting testing of dynamic user interfaces. Selenium 2.0/WebDriver makes direct calls to browsers using their native support for automation, whereas Selenium 1.0 injected JavaScript functions. WebDriver also supports features like drag and drop that Selenium 1.0 did not.
This presentation about Selenium WebDriver will help you understand what is Selenium, why Selenium WebDriver was developed, what exactly is Selenium WebDriver, the architecture of Selenium WebDriver and the limitations of Selenium WebDriver. In the end, we'll be looking at a demo showing the working of WebDriver using java. Selenium is an automated testing tool that tests web applications across various platforms and browsers. WebDriver happens to be one of the Selenium tools with a simple yet robust architecture. It controls the browser based on the user program. WebDriver revolutionized automation testing and continues to do so. Let's move further and understand the selenium web driver in detail.
Below are the topics we will be discussing in the presentation:
1. What is Selenium?
2. Why Selenium WebDriver?
3. What is Selenium WebDriver?
4. The architecture of Selenium WebDriver
5. Limitations of Selenium WebDriver
6. Demo: Automation testing with WebDriver
Selenium training has been designed to help developers and manual testers learn how to automate web applications with a robust framework, and integrate it within the DevOps processes of an organization. The course includes basic as well as advanced concepts of WebDriver and other tools/frameworks like TestNG, Maven, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j. Special focus is given on building a robust framework with Page Object Design Pattern, Data-Driven Approach, and creating reusable components to improve productivity. The course also covers the Selenium Grid, which along with TestNG helps achieve parallel execution to improve coverage and reduce execution time for faster feedback. Appium is an open source test automation framework for use with native, hybrid, and mobile web applications. The course includes a project where you have to create the test automation for an eCommerce application with a framework and reporting.
What are the objectives of this Selenium training course?
This course will enable you to:
1. Revise the core Java concepts which are essential for learning Selenium WebDriver
2. Understand the scope of Test Automation in DevOps and fundamentals of Test Automation
3. Create Test Cases using Selenium IDE – Record and Playback tool
4. Understand Selenium WebDriver architecture and various layers of interaction
5. Set up WebDriver project in Eclipse and write test cases using TestNG
6. Locate elements using various locating techniques
7. Work with various WebDriver commands to drive web browser and various WebElement commands to deal with various web components
8. Learn to deal with various possible scenarios in terms of pop-ups, multiple Windows, frames, taking screenshots
9. Implement Page Object Design Pattern and Data Driven Testing
10. Understand how to use Maven, ANT, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j, and listeners
11. Learn to use Selenium Grid with TestNG for parallel execution
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/selenium-certification-training
Automation Testing using Selenium WebdriverPankaj Biswas
This will help you to understand about automation testing and when to do automation on your application using selenium. How selenium works, how to find web elements and what operations we can perform on the web elements to do automation.
This presentation about Selenium WebDriver will help you understand what is Selenium, why Selenium WebDriver was developed, what exactly is Selenium WebDriver, the architecture of Selenium WebDriver and the limitations of Selenium WebDriver. In the end, we'll be looking at a demo showing the working of WebDriver using java. Selenium is an automated testing tool that tests web applications across various platforms and browsers. WebDriver happens to be one of the Selenium tools with a simple yet robust architecture. It controls the browser based on the user program. WebDriver revolutionized automation testing and continues to do so. Let's move further and understand the selenium web driver in detail.
Below are the topics we will be discussing in the presentation:
1. What is Selenium?
2. Why Selenium WebDriver?
3. What is Selenium WebDriver?
4. The architecture of Selenium WebDriver
5. Limitations of Selenium WebDriver
6. Demo: Automation testing with WebDriver
Selenium training has been designed to help developers and manual testers learn how to automate web applications with a robust framework, and integrate it within the DevOps processes of an organization. The course includes basic as well as advanced concepts of WebDriver and other tools/frameworks like TestNG, Maven, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j. Special focus is given on building a robust framework with Page Object Design Pattern, Data-Driven Approach, and creating reusable components to improve productivity. The course also covers the Selenium Grid, which along with TestNG helps achieve parallel execution to improve coverage and reduce execution time for faster feedback. Appium is an open source test automation framework for use with native, hybrid, and mobile web applications. The course includes a project where you have to create the test automation for an eCommerce application with a framework and reporting.
What are the objectives of this Selenium training course?
This course will enable you to:
1. Revise the core Java concepts which are essential for learning Selenium WebDriver
2. Understand the scope of Test Automation in DevOps and fundamentals of Test Automation
3. Create Test Cases using Selenium IDE – Record and Playback tool
4. Understand Selenium WebDriver architecture and various layers of interaction
5. Set up WebDriver project in Eclipse and write test cases using TestNG
6. Locate elements using various locating techniques
7. Work with various WebDriver commands to drive web browser and various WebElement commands to deal with various web components
8. Learn to deal with various possible scenarios in terms of pop-ups, multiple Windows, frames, taking screenshots
9. Implement Page Object Design Pattern and Data Driven Testing
10. Understand how to use Maven, ANT, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j, and listeners
11. Learn to use Selenium Grid with TestNG for parallel execution
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/selenium-certification-training
Automation Testing using Selenium WebdriverPankaj Biswas
This will help you to understand about automation testing and when to do automation on your application using selenium. How selenium works, how to find web elements and what operations we can perform on the web elements to do automation.
In this slide, I have explained the History of Selenium in a story narrative manner:
Topics covered
- Selenium Core (JavaScriptTestRunner)
- Same Origin Policy
- Selenium RC
- Selenium Grid
- Selenium IDE
- Selenium 1
- Selenium WebDriver
- Selenium 2
- Selenium 3
- New Selenium IDE
- Future versions of Selenium
- People behind Selenium
What Is Selenium? | Selenium Basics For Beginners | Introduction To Selenium ...Simplilearn
In this Selenium tutorial, we will be learning about Selenium, its advent, components, advantages and limitations and lastly, its job roles and salaries. Selenium is an automated testing tool that tests web applications across various platforms and browsers. Selenium is a powerful automation tool and comprises of a suite of components viz. Selenium IDE, RC, WebDriver and Grid. The video has brushed upon the topics in brief and explains the following concepts:
⦁ Manual testing and its challenges
⦁ Advent of Selenium
⦁ What is Selenium?
⦁ Selenium suite of tools
⦁ Advantages of Selenium testing
⦁ Limitations of Selenium testing
⦁ Selenium jobs and salary
Selenium training has been designed to help developers and manual testers learn how to automate web applications with a robust framework, and integrate it within the DevOps processes of an organization. The course contains a lot of real-life examples and situations to demonstrate how to use Selenium WebDriver effectively. The training starts with a refresher course on core Java concepts and covers the basics of Test Automation and its importance in the industry. The course includes basic as well as advanced concepts of WebDriver and other tools/frameworks like TestNG, Maven, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j. Special focus is given on building a robust framework with Page Object Design Pattern, Data-Driven Approach, and creating reusable components to improve productivity.
What are the objectives of this Selenium training course?
This course will enable you to:
1. Revise the core Java concepts which are essential for learning Selenium WebDriver
2. Understand the scope of Test Automation in DevOps and fundamentals of Test Automation
3. Create Test Cases using Selenium IDE – Record and Playback tool
4. Understand Selenium WebDriver architecture and various layers of interaction
5. Set up WebDriver project in Eclipse and write test cases using TestNG
6. Locate elements using various locating techniques
7. Work with various WebDriver commands to drive web browser and various WebElement commands to deal with various web components
8. Learn to deal with various possible scenarios in terms of pop-ups, multiple Windows, frames, taking screenshots
9. Implement Page Object Design Pattern and Data Driven Testing
10. Understand how to use Maven, ANT, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j, and listeners
11. Learn to use Selenium Grid with TestNG for parallel execution
12. Execute a project from scratch by building automation framework and automating a few test scenarios
Who should take this Selenium training course?
The course is ideal for :
1. Test Managers
2. Test Engineers
3. Test Lead
4. Test Analyst
5. QA Engineers
6. Software Developers
7. Engineers who want to learn Automation testing
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/selenium-certification-training?utm_campaign=What-Is-Selenium-PXeBv-AGa6o
Behavior Driven development is the process of exploring, discovering, defining and driving the desired behavior of software system by using conversation, concrete examples and automated tests.
Cucumber is a testing approach/tool and When integrated with Selenium4 forms a great combination as it allows you to write your tests quickly in an English-like language and Selenium allows you to run on various combinations of browsers. In this session, We will learn about BDD, Cucumber, and the advantages of Integrating them with Selenium.
Using Selenium for Automated testing - basic level: short introduction into the selectors and basic methods used in writing a simple script with Selenium Webdriver.
In this slide, I have explained the History of Selenium in a story narrative manner:
Topics covered
- Selenium Core (JavaScriptTestRunner)
- Same Origin Policy
- Selenium RC
- Selenium Grid
- Selenium IDE
- Selenium 1
- Selenium WebDriver
- Selenium 2
- Selenium 3
- New Selenium IDE
- Future versions of Selenium
- People behind Selenium
What Is Selenium? | Selenium Basics For Beginners | Introduction To Selenium ...Simplilearn
In this Selenium tutorial, we will be learning about Selenium, its advent, components, advantages and limitations and lastly, its job roles and salaries. Selenium is an automated testing tool that tests web applications across various platforms and browsers. Selenium is a powerful automation tool and comprises of a suite of components viz. Selenium IDE, RC, WebDriver and Grid. The video has brushed upon the topics in brief and explains the following concepts:
⦁ Manual testing and its challenges
⦁ Advent of Selenium
⦁ What is Selenium?
⦁ Selenium suite of tools
⦁ Advantages of Selenium testing
⦁ Limitations of Selenium testing
⦁ Selenium jobs and salary
Selenium training has been designed to help developers and manual testers learn how to automate web applications with a robust framework, and integrate it within the DevOps processes of an organization. The course contains a lot of real-life examples and situations to demonstrate how to use Selenium WebDriver effectively. The training starts with a refresher course on core Java concepts and covers the basics of Test Automation and its importance in the industry. The course includes basic as well as advanced concepts of WebDriver and other tools/frameworks like TestNG, Maven, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j. Special focus is given on building a robust framework with Page Object Design Pattern, Data-Driven Approach, and creating reusable components to improve productivity.
What are the objectives of this Selenium training course?
This course will enable you to:
1. Revise the core Java concepts which are essential for learning Selenium WebDriver
2. Understand the scope of Test Automation in DevOps and fundamentals of Test Automation
3. Create Test Cases using Selenium IDE – Record and Playback tool
4. Understand Selenium WebDriver architecture and various layers of interaction
5. Set up WebDriver project in Eclipse and write test cases using TestNG
6. Locate elements using various locating techniques
7. Work with various WebDriver commands to drive web browser and various WebElement commands to deal with various web components
8. Learn to deal with various possible scenarios in terms of pop-ups, multiple Windows, frames, taking screenshots
9. Implement Page Object Design Pattern and Data Driven Testing
10. Understand how to use Maven, ANT, AutoIT, Sikuli, log4j, and listeners
11. Learn to use Selenium Grid with TestNG for parallel execution
12. Execute a project from scratch by building automation framework and automating a few test scenarios
Who should take this Selenium training course?
The course is ideal for :
1. Test Managers
2. Test Engineers
3. Test Lead
4. Test Analyst
5. QA Engineers
6. Software Developers
7. Engineers who want to learn Automation testing
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/selenium-certification-training?utm_campaign=What-Is-Selenium-PXeBv-AGa6o
Behavior Driven development is the process of exploring, discovering, defining and driving the desired behavior of software system by using conversation, concrete examples and automated tests.
Cucumber is a testing approach/tool and When integrated with Selenium4 forms a great combination as it allows you to write your tests quickly in an English-like language and Selenium allows you to run on various combinations of browsers. In this session, We will learn about BDD, Cucumber, and the advantages of Integrating them with Selenium.
Using Selenium for Automated testing - basic level: short introduction into the selectors and basic methods used in writing a simple script with Selenium Webdriver.
Basics of Selenium IDE,Core, Remote Controlusha kannappan
Selenium is one of the open source tool available for web application testing.Open source test automation tool for executing scenarios against web applications to validate browser compatibility and system functionality
This presentation covers an introduction to Selenium, the Open Source, cross browser, cross platform functional testing tool. The talk emphasized the importance of applying the same principles to testing (abstraction, refactoring, DRY) that development teams apply to developing software. (This presentation was used for a talk at the Asian Testing Conference)
Selenium is a software testing framework for automating tests of Web applications. Join Frank Cohen for a Workshop to learn the basics of Selenium. A screencast for this presentation is on the PushToTest.com Web site.
Better Page Object Handling with Loadable Component Pattern - SQA Days 20, Be...Sargis Sargsyan
One of the painful problems in Selenium automated testing is determining whether a HTML page has been loaded. This is especially the case when web application uses a JS heavy framework such as the popular AngularJS.
How to handle Selenium Page Object pattern better with Loadable Component.
The Loadable Component helps test case developers make sure that the page or a component of the page is loaded successfully. I will share my experience about the concept of the Loadable Component and Page Object patterns.
In a recent Apache Flex project, we needed to implement automated user tests. Selenium is an (open source) tool for automating your browser, but there was no modern (aka working) extension for Flex applications. We've created the open source project Flexium, both a JAVA and ActionScript extension which enables you to communicate between Selenium and Flex.
Top 15 Selenium WebDriver Interview Questions and Answers.pdfAnanthReddy38
Supports multiple programming languages (Java, C#, Python, etc.)
Works with different web browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.)
Provides a rich set of methods for interacting with web elements
Supports parallel test execution
Integrates well with test frameworks and continuous integration tools
How do you launch a browser using Selenium WebDriver?
In Java, you can launch a browser using WebDriver with the following
Using HttpWatch Plug-in with Selenium Automation in JavaSandeep Tol
This article will give the developers and testers to use Java programming for capturing IE browser HTTP logs using HTTP Watch Plug-in (V10) , in Selenium scripts
HTTP Watch comes with inbuilt API support to integrate with selenium scripts written in C# or PHP scripts . Refer http://apihelp.httpwatch.com/#Automation%20Overview.html
But unfortunately they don’t have API written for JAVA. There are no samples or articles available to use Httpwtach with Java interface.
Using this article you would learn how HttpWatch plug-in which component can be easily interfaced with Java code and then executed via selenium script.
The solution is to use Java COM bridge and invoke HTTP Watch plugin API from Java based selenium scripts.
Top 15 Selenium WebDriver Interview Questions and Answers.pptxAnanthReddy38
What is Selenium WebDriver?
Selenium WebDriver is a popular open-source framework used for automating web browsers. It provides a programming interface for interacting with web elements and performing various actions on web applications.
What are the advantages of using Selenium WebDriver?
Some advantages of using Selenium WebDriver include:
Supports multiple programming languages (Java, C#, Python, etc.)
Works with different web browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.)
Provides a rich set of methods for interacting with web elements
Supports parallel test execution
Integrates well with test frameworks and continuous integration tools
How do you launch a browser using Selenium WebDriver?
In Java, you can launch a browser using WebDriver with the following code:
java
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); // for Chrome browser
How do you locate elements in Selenium WebDriver?
Selenium WebDriver provides various methods to locate elements, such as:
By ID: driver.findElement(By.id(“elementId”));
By Name: driver.findElement(By.name(“elementName”));
By XPath: driver.findElement(By.xpath(“xpathExpression”));
By CSS Selector: driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“cssSelector”));
What is the difference between driver.findElement() and driver.findElements() methods?
driver.findElement() returns the first matching element on the page, or throws an exception if no element is found.
driver.findElements() returns a list of all matching elements on the page. If no elements are found, it returns an empty list.
How do you perform actions on web elements using Selenium WebDriver?
You can perform actions on web elements using various methods, such as:
sendKeys(): Entering text into input fields.
click(): Clicking on an element.
getText(): Retrieving the text from an element.
getAttribute(): Getting the value of an attribute of an element.
How do you handle checkboxes and radio buttons in Selenium WebDriver?
To handle checkboxes and radio buttons, you can use the click() method to select/deselect them based on their current state.
How do you handle dropdowns or select elements in Selenium WebDriver?
You can handle dropdowns using the Select class in Selenium WebDriver. Here’s an example:
java
Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("dropdownId"))); dropdown.selectByVisibleText("Option 1"); // Select by visible text
How do you handle alerts and pop-ups in Selenium WebDriver?
To handle alerts and pop-ups, you can use the Alert class in Selenium WebDriver. You can accept, dismiss, or retrieve text from the alert using its methods.
What are implicit waits in Selenium WebDriver?
Implicit waits are used to wait for a certain amount of time for elements to appear on the page. If the element is found before the specified time, the WebDriver will proceed with the next steps immediately
Dear readers, these set of interview questions are designed in a way to help in cracking the automation testing with Selenium Webdriver. In this document we will try to cover all those topics which we generally use with Selenium Webdriver, such as Maven, TestNG etc.
A Definitive Guide to Mastering Selenium WebDriver Automation Effectively.pptxMatthew Allen
With the power of Selenium WebDriver, you can easily automate browser interactions, saving time and effort in your testing and development workflows.
This Selenium webDriver guide will provide you with the knowledge and skills necessary to configure and use Selenium WebDriver for web testing.
We will then delve into practical examples, showcasing the power of Selenium WebDriver commands in real-world scenarios.
We provide best Selenium training in Chennai with real time scenarios. We are the best training institute in Chennai providing the real time training in Chennai
So if you want to learn selenium then you can reach us.We provide best selenium training.
Selenium Web Driver Tutorial for Cross Browser TestingSarah Elson
Selenium is a popular automation testing framework that is primarily used for the cross browser testing. It is open source and is ideal for automating testing of web applications across different browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, etc. Selenium has become a renowned framework and is giving stiff competition to other test frameworks like HP QTP (Quick Test Professional) and AKA HP UFT (Unified Functional Testing). This tutorial for selenium WebDriver will help you develop the basic understanding of the components of Selenium suite, Selenium WebDriver architecture & will show you how to run automation to test a website for cross browser compatibility using selenium webdriver for Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer.
Selenium Automation in Java Using HttpWatch Plug-in Sandeep Tol
This article will give the developers and testers who use Java selenium script for Browser Simulations and automation for IE browser to capture HTTP logs using HTTPWatch Plug-in
HTTP Watch comes with inbuilt API support to integrate with selenium scripts written in C# or PHP scripts . But unfortunately they don’t have Support for JAVA.
The solution given here is to use Java COM bridge and invoke HTTP Watch plugin API from Java based selenium scripts.
Using this article you would learn how HttpWatch plug-in which component can be easily interfaced with Java code and then executed via selenium script.
Interface is like a blueprint of Class. It contains variables and body less methods i.e. Abstract methods. An object to interface can’t be create but classes can be created where the abstract methods of the interface can be implemented. The classes which implement the abstract methods of interface are known as implementation classes.
https://www.ducatindia.com/javatraining/
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. Selenium WebDriver FAQ’s:
1. What is webdriver?
WebDriver is a simpler, more concise programming interface in addition to addressing
some limitations in the Selenium-RC API. Selenium-WebDriver was developed to better
support dynamic web pages where elements of a page may change without the page itself
being reloaded. WebDriver‟s goal is to supply a well-designed object-oriented API that
provides improved support for modern advanced web-app testing problems.
2.
What are the advantages of selenium2.0/webdriver?
Need no server to start
Easy to code
Has sophisticated API to support wide verity of browsers.
Supports to test dynamic UI web apps.
3.
Difference between the selenium1.0 and selenium 2.0?
Selenium 1.0
1.
Selenium 2.0/Webdriver
It „injected‟ javascript functions into
1.
WebDriver makes directcalls to the
the browser when the browser was browser using each browser‟s native
loaded and then used its javascript to support for automation
drive the AUT within the browser.
2.
Selenium server need to start to
run tests
3.
4.
4.
Has some loop-holes in supporting
3.
complex UI apps,Javascript security
No support for headless broswers
4.
2.
Not needed unless tests are run on
local machine.
Supports even drag and drop features
and no security loop-holes
Supports htmlunit
browser runs fast
driver
–headless
What are the Locators are there in selenium 2.0?
It supports locators based on Id,name,xpath,dom,css,class,tagname
5.
How to handle the Ajax Applications in Web driver?
There are 2 types of waits webdriver supports to handle ajax applications to make webdrive
sync to execution:
Implicit wait :
2. driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Explicit wait:
WebDriverWait, FluentWait
WebElement
strr
=
(new
WebDriverWait(driver,30)).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath("/
/*[starts-with(@id,'yui_3_4_0_1_137509')]/ul/li[2]/a")));
This link explains better about handling ajax in webdriver.
http://qeworks.com/handle-ajax-call-selenium-webdriver/
5.
How to handle the multiple windows in web driver?
driver.switchTo().window(Window ID);
6.
Difference between findelement() and findelements()?
findELement
will
find
the
first
matching
element.
findELements will all the matching elements. You'll probably need to loop through all the
elements returned.
7.
How to handle the alerts in web driver?
driver.switchTo().alert().accept();
8.
How to take the screen shots in seelnium2.0?
File src2 = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(src2,new File("d:sc2.jpeg"));
10. What is the limitations of web driver?
Can not automate desktop applications, supports only web applications
No inbuilt commands to generate good reports
Cannot support readily for new browsers
11. What is Selenium 2.0? I have heard this buzz word many times.
Selenium 2.0 is consolidation of two web testing tools – Selenium RC and WebDriver, which
claims to give best of both words – Selenium and WebDriver. Selenium 2.0 was officially
released only of late.
12. Why are two tools being combined as Selenium 2.0, what‟s the gain?
Selenium 2.0 promises to give much cleaner API then Selenium RC and at the same time
not being restricted by java script Security restriction like same origin policy, which have
3. been haunting Selenium from long. Selenium 2.0 also does not warrant you to use Selenium
Server.
13. So everyone is going to use Selenium 2.0?
Well no, for example if you are using Selenium Perl client driver than there is no similar
offering from Selenium 2.0 and you would have to stick to Selenium 1.0 till there is similar
library available for Selenium 2.0
14. So how do I specify my browser configurations with Selenium 2.0?
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Selenium 2.0 offers following browser/mobile configuration –
AndroidDriver,
ChromeDriver,
EventFiringWebDriver,
FirefoxDriver,
HtmlUnitDriver,
InternetExplorerDriver,
IPhoneDriver,
IPhoneSimulatorDriver,
RemoteWebDriver
And all of them have been implemented from interface WebDriver. To be able to use any of
these drivers you need to instantiate their corresponding class.
15.How is Selenium 2.0 configuration different than Selenium 1.0?
In case of Selenium 1.0 you need Selenium jar file pertaining to one library for example in
case of java you need java client driver and also Selenium server jar file. While with
Selenium 2.0 you need language binding (i.e. java, C# etc) and Selenium server jar if you
are using Remote Control or Remote WebDriver.
16.Can you show me one code example of setting Selenium 2.0?
Here is java example of initializing firefox driver and using Google Search engine –
protected WebDriver webDriver;
//@BeforeClass(alwaysRun=true)
public void startDriver(){
webDriver = new FirefoxDriver();
// Get Google search page and perform search on term “Test”
webDriver.get("http://www.google.com");
webDriver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("Test");
webDriver.findElement(By.name(“btnG”)).click();
17.Which web driver implementation is fastest?
HTMLUnitDriver. Simple reason is HTMLUnitDriver does not execute tests on browser but
plain http request – response which is far quick than launching a browser and executing
tests. But then you may like to execute tests on a real browser than something running
behind the scenes
4. 18.What all different element locators are available with Selenium 2.0?
Selenium 2.0 uses same set of locators which are used by Selenium 1.0 – id, name, css,
XPath but how Selenium 2.0 accesses them is different. In case of Selenium 1.0 you don‟t
have to specify a different method for each locator while in case of Selenium 2.0 there is a
different method available to use a different element locator. Selenium 2.0 uses following
method to access elements with id, name, css and XPath locator –
driver.findElement(By.id("HTMLid"));
driver.findElement(By.name("HTMLname"));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("cssLocator"));
driver.findElement(By.xpath("XPathLocator));
19.How do I submit a form using Selenium?
You can use “submit” method on element to submit form –
element.submit();
Alternatively you can use click method on the element which does form submission.
20.Can I simulate pressing key board keys using Selenium 2.0?
You can use “sendKeys” command to simulate key board keys as –
element.sendKeys(" and some", Keys.ARROW_UP);
You can also use “sendKeys” to type in text box as –
HTMLelement.sendKeys("testData");
21.How do I clear content of a text box in Selenium 2.0
You can use “clear” method on text box element to clear its content –
textBoxElement.clear();
22.How do I select a drop down value using Selenium2.0?
To select a drop down value, you first need to get the select element using one of element
locator and then you can select element using visible text –
Select selectElement = new Select(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("cssSelector")));
selectElement.selectByVisibleText("India");
23.What are offering to deal with popup windows while using Selenium 2.0?
You can use “switchTo” window method to switch to a window using window name. There is
also one method “getWindowHandles” which could be used to find all Window handles and
subsequently bring control on desired window using window handle –
webDriver.switchTo().window("windowName");
for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
}
5. 24.How about handling frames using Selenium 2.0?
You can use “switchTo” frame method to bring control on an HTML frame –
driver.switchTo().frame("frameName");
You can also use index number to specify a frame –
driver.switchTo().frame("parentFrame.4.frameName");
This would bring control on frame named – “frameName” of the 4th sub frame names
“parentFrame”
25.Can I navigate back and forth in a browser in Selenium 2.0?
You can use Navigate interface to go back and forth in a page. Navigate method of
WebDriver interface returns instance of Navigation. Navigate interface has methods to move
back, forward as well as to refresh a page –
driver.navigate().forward();
driver.navigate().back();
driver.navigate().refresh();
26.What is the order of fastest browser implementation for WebDriver?
HTMLUnitDriver is the fastest browser implementation as it does not involves interaction
with a browser, This is followed by Firefox driver and then IE driver which is slower than FF
driver and runs only on Windows.
27.Is it possible to use Selenium RC API with Selenium 2.0?
You can emulate Selenium 1.0 API with Selenium 2.0 but not all of Selenium 1.0 methods
are supported. To achieve this you need to get Selenium instance from WebDriver and use
Selenium methods. Method executions might also be slower while simulating Selenium 1.0
with in Selenium 2.0
28.Can you show me one example of using Selenium 1.0 in Selenium 2.0?
Code Sample:
// Create web driver instance
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
// App URL
String appUrl = "http://www.google.com";
// Get Selenium instance
Selenium selenium = new WebDriverBackedSelenium(driver, appUrl);
// Tests using selenium
selenium.open(appURL);
selenium.type("name=q", "testData");
selenium.click("name=btnG");
6. // Get back the WebDriver instance
WebDriver
driverInstance
selenium).getUnderlyingWebDriver();
=
((WebDriverBackedSelenium)
29.I had support of lots of browsers while using Selenium 1.0 and it seems lacking with
Selenium 2.0, for example how do I use < awesome> browser while using Selenium 2.0?
There is a class called Capabilities which lets you inject new Capabilities in WebDriver. This
class can be used to set testing browser as Safari –
//Instantiate Capabilities
Capabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities()
//Set browser name
capabilities.setBrowserName("this awesome browser");
//Get your browser execution capabilities
CommandExecutor
executor
= new SeleneseCommandExecutor("http:localhost:4444/", "http://www.google.com/",
capabilities);
//Setup driver instance with desired Capabilities
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(executor, capabilities);
30.Are there any limitations while injecting capabilities in WebDriver to perform tests on a
browser which is not supported by WebDriver?
Major limitation of injecting Capabilities is that “fundElement” command may not work as
expected. This is because WebDriver uses Selenium Core to make “Capability injection”
work which is limited by java script security policies.
31.Can I change User-Agent while using FF browser? I want to execute my tests with a
specific User-Agent setting.
You can create FF profile and add additional Preferences to it. Then this profile could be
passed to Firefox driver while creating instance of Firefox –
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.addAdditionalPreference("general.useragent.override", "User Agent String");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
32.Is there any difference in XPath implementation in different WebDriver implementations?
Since not all browsers (like IE) have support for native XPath, WebDriver provides its own
implementation for XPath for such browsers. In case of HTMLUnitDriver and IEDriver, html
7. tags and attributes names are considered lower cased while in case of FF driver they are
considered case in-sensitive.
33.My application uses ajax highly and my tests are suffering from time outs while using
Selenium 2.0L.
You can state WebDriver to implicitly wait for presence of Element if they are not available
instantly. By default this setting is set to 0. Once set, this value stays till the life span of
WebDriver object. Following example would wait for 60 seconds before throwing
ElementNotFound exception –
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("elementID"));
34.What if I don‟t want to use implicit wait and want to wait only for presence of certain
elements?
You can use explicit wait in this situation to wait for presence of certain element before
continuing with test execution. You can use “WebDriverWait” and “ExpectedCondition” to
achieve this –
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
WebElement myDynamicElement
=
(new WebDriverWait(driver,
60)).until(new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>(){
@Override
public WebElement apply(WebDriver d) {
return d.findElement(By.id("myDynamicElement"));
}});
This is going to wait up to 60 seconds before throwing ElementNotFound exception.
35.What is RemoteWebDriver? When would I have to use it?
RemoteWebDriver is needed when you want to use HTMLUnitDriver. Since HTMLUnitDriver
runs in memory, you would not see a browser getting launched –
// Create HTMLUnitDriver instance
8. WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();
// Launch Yahoo.com
driver.get("http://www.yahoo.com");
36.What all languages available to be used with WebDriver?
Java and C# are on the forefront of WebDriver languages. Support is also available for
Python and Ruby. There is also one java script library available for Friefox.
37.How do I handle java script alert using WebDriver?
WebDriver would support handling js alerts using Alert interface.
// Bring control on already opened alert
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
// Get the text of the alert or prompt
alert.getText();
// Click ok on alert
alert.accept();
38.Could I safely execute multiple instances of WebDriver implementations?
As far as HTMLUnitDriver and FF drivers are concerned, each instance would be independent
of other. In case of IE driver there could be only one instance of IE driver running on
Windows. If you want to execute more than one instance of IE driver then you should
consider using RemoteWebDriver and virtual machines.
39.Is it possible to interact with hidden elements using WebDriver?
Since WebDriver tries to exercise browser as closely as real users would, hence simple
answer is No, But you can use java script execution capabilities to interact with hidden
elements.
40.I have all my tests written in Selenium 1.0 (Selenium RC), why should I migrate to
Selenium 2.0 (WebDriver)?
Because –
·
WebDriver has more compact and object oriented API than Selenium 1.0
9. ·
WebDriver simulates user behaviour more closely than Selenium 1.0, for example if a
text box is disabled WebDriver would not be able to type text in it while Selenium 1.0 would
be
·
WebDriver is supported by Browser vendor themselves i.e. FF, Opera, Chrome etc
41.My XPath and CSS locators don‟t always work with Selenium 2.0, but they used to with
Selenium 1.0L.
In case of XPath, it is because WebDriver uses native browser methods unless it is not
available. And this cause complex XPath to be broken. In case of Selenium 1.0 css selectors
are implemented using Sizzle Library and not all the capabilities like “contains” are available
to be used with Selenium 2.0
42.How do I execute Java Script in Selenium 2.0?
You need to use JavaScriptExecutor to execute java script in Selenium 2.0, For example if
you want to find tag name of an element using Selenium 2.0 then you can execute java
script as following –
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("elementLocator"));
String name = (String) ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(
"return arguments[0].tagName", element);
43.Why does not my java script execution return any value?
This might happen when you forget to add “return“ keyword while executing java script.
Notice the “return” keyword in following statement –
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("return window.title;");
44.Are there any limitations from operating systems while using WebDriver?
While HTMLUnitDriver, FF Driver and Chrome Driver could be used on all operating systems,
IE Driver could be used only with Windows.
45.Give me architectural overview of WebDriver.
WebDriver tries to simulate real user interaction as much as possible. This is the reason why
WebDriver does not have “fireEvent” method and “getText” returns the text as a real user
would see it. WebDriver implementation for a browser is driven by the language which is
best to driver it. In case of FF best fit languages are Javascript in an XPCOM component and
10. in IE it is C++ using IE automation. Now the implementation which is available to user is a
thin wrapper around the implementation and user need not know about implementation.
46.What is Remote WebDriver Server?
Remote WebDriver Server has two components – client and server. Client is WebDriver
while Server is java servlet. Once you have downloaded selenium-server-standalone-.jar file
you can start it from command line as –
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-<version-number>.jar
47.Is there a way to start Remote WebDriver Server from my code?
First add Remote WebDriver jar in your class path. You also need another server called
“Jetty” to use it. You can start sever as following –
WebAppContext context = new WebAppContext();
context.setContextPath("");
context.setWar(new File("."));
server.addHandler(context);
context.addServlet(DriverServlet.class, "/wd/*");
SelectChannelConnector connector = new SelectChannelConnector();
connector.setPort(3001);
server.addConnector(connector);
server.start();
48.But what are the advantages of using Remote WebDriver over WebDriver?
You can use Remote WebDriver when –
·
·
When you want to execute tests on a browser not available to you locally
Introduction to extra latency to tests
But there is one disadvantage of using Remote WebDriver that you would need external
servlet container.
49.Can you show me code example of using Remote WebDriver?
// Any driver could be used for test
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
// Enable javascript support
11. capabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);
// Get driver handle
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(capabilities);
// Launch the app
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
50.What are the modes of Remote WebDriver
Remote WebDriver has two modes of operations –
Client Mode: This is where language bindings connect to remote instance. FF drive and
RemoteWebDriver clients work this way.
Server Mode: In this mode language bindings set up the server. ChromeDriver works this
way.
51.What Design Patterns could be used while using Selenium 2.0?
These three Design Patterns are very popular while writing Selenium 2.0 tests –
1.
Page Objects – which abstracts UI of web page
2.
Domain Specific Language – which tries to write tests which could be understood by a
normal user having no technical knowledge
3.
Bot Style Tests – it follows “command-like” test scripting
52.So do I need to follow these Design patterns while writing my tests?
Not at all, these Design Patterns are considered best practices and you can write you tests
without following any of those Design Patterns, or you may follow a Design Pattern which
suites your needs most.
53.Is there a way to enable java script while using HTMLUnitDriver?
Use this –
HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();
driver.setJavascriptEnabled(true);
12. or this –
HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(true);
54.Is it possible to emulate a browser with HTMLUnitDriver?
You can emulate browser while using HTMLUnitDriver but it is not recommended as
applications are coded irrespective of browser you use. You could emulate Firefox 3 browser
with HTMLUnitDriver as –
HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(BrowserVersion.FIREFOX_3);
Or you can inject desired capabilities while instantiating HTMLUnitDriver as –
HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(capabilities);
55.How do I use iPhone Driver?
You should start iPhone SDK and build iPhone driver. Down load iPhone development tools
and provision profile. Now iPhone driver can connect through HTTP to the iphone simulator.
You can also run simulator on another machine in your network and WebDriver could
connect to it remotely.
56.Is it possible to convert Selenium IDE test to WebDriver test?
Yes WebDriver style of code can be generated from Selenium IDE
57.Can WebDriver handle UntrustedSSLCertificates?
This feature is currently supported in Firefox browser and is awaiting implementation in IE
and Chrome drivers.
58.Can I carry out multiple operations at once while using WebDriver?
You can use Builder pattern to achieve this. For example if you want to move an element
from one place to another you can use this –
13. Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
Action dragAndDrop = builder.clickAndHold(element)
.moveToElement(otherElement)
.release(otherElement)
.build();
dragAndDrop.perform();
59.How do I simulate keyboard keys using WebDriver?
There is a KeyBoard interface which has three methods to support keyboard interaction –
sendKeys(CharSequence)- Sends character sequence
pressKey(Keys keyToPress) - Sends a key press without releasing it.
releaseKey(Keys keyToRelease) - Releases a modifier key
60.What about Mouse Interaction?
Mouse interface lets you carry out following operations –
click(WebElement element) – Clicks an element
doubleClick(WebElement element) - Double-clicks an element.
void mouseDown(WebElement element) - Holds down the left mouse button on an
element.
mouseUp(WebElement element) - Releases the mouse button on an element.
mouseMove(WebElement element) - Moves element form current location to another
element.
contextClick(WebElement element) - Performs a context-click (right click) on an
element.
61.How does Android Webdriver works?
Android WebDriver uses Remote WebDriver. Client Side is test code and Server side is
application installed on android emulator or actual device. Here client and server
communicate using JSON wire protocol consisting of Rest requests.
62.What are the advantages of using Android WebDriver?
Android web driver runs on Android browser which is best real user interaction. It also uses
native touch events to emulated user interaction.
14. But there are some drawbacks also like, it is slower than headless WebKit driver. XPath is
not natively supported in Android web view.
63.Is there a built-in DSL (domain specific language) support available in WebDriver?
There is not, but you can easily build your own DSL, for example instead of using –
webDriver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("Test");
You can create a more composite method and use it –
public static void findElementAndType(WebDriver
webDriver,
String
elementLocator,
String testData) {
webDriver.findElement(By.name(elementLocator)).sendKeys(testData);
}
And now you just need to call method findElementAndType to do type operation.
64.What is grid2?
Grid2 is Selenium grid for Selenium 1 as well as WebDriver, This allows to –
·
Execute tests on parallel on different machines
·
Managing multiple environments from one point
65.How do I start hub and slaves machines in grid 2?
Navigate to you selenium server standalone jar download and execute following command –
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-.jar -role hub
And you start Slave machine by executing following command –
Java –jar selenium-server-.jar –role webdriver -hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register port 6666