This document discusses factors to consider when selecting a mine ventilation system, including both major and minor features. Major features that should be included are utilizing haulage openings as intake, using all available openings to transmit air, minimizing air travel distance, maintaining a balance of resistance between main intake and return airways, avoiding leakage and recirculation, circulating air from active to cave zones, splitting air as needed close to the fan, and using a central shaft as intake and peripheral shafts as exhaust. Minor features involve the concentration of working places, position of active workings, ground conditions, position of sealed areas, condition of abandoned workings, and precooling requirements. The type of ventilation system depends on the mining method and characteristics of the mineral
mine environment engineering
Intrinsic safety and flameproof apparatus in mines
research and development on explosions in mines
prevention of explosion in mines
mine environment engineering
Intrinsic safety and flameproof apparatus in mines
research and development on explosions in mines
prevention of explosion in mines
Dangers from surface & Underground water Rathin Biswas
Dangers from surface & underground water and precautionary measures including statutory provisions and various conditions suggested by D.G.M.S. from time to time.
Room and Pillar mining method is one of the oldest existing mining methods. This system in which the mined material is extracted across a horizontal plane, creating horizontal arrays of rooms and pillars. Usually those room and pillars are uniform size. Pillars may or may not be removed after extraction.
Used for soft as well as hard rock mining and is commonly associated with coal, potash, uranium, and other industrial materials.
Dangers from surface & Underground water Rathin Biswas
Dangers from surface & underground water and precautionary measures including statutory provisions and various conditions suggested by D.G.M.S. from time to time.
Room and Pillar mining method is one of the oldest existing mining methods. This system in which the mined material is extracted across a horizontal plane, creating horizontal arrays of rooms and pillars. Usually those room and pillars are uniform size. Pillars may or may not be removed after extraction.
Used for soft as well as hard rock mining and is commonly associated with coal, potash, uranium, and other industrial materials.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
TheKonya-Ilgin-Çavuºçu lignite coalfield is located in the central part of Turkey. This coalfield has been mined in an open-pit manner by private companies. There is a single mined coal seam, the thickness of which varies between 1.10-37.15 m. A total of sixty five boreholes have been drilledin
the area toward assessing the reserves. Confirmed and extractable reserves have been calculated by the polygon and isopach methods, depending on the
boreholes drilled at different times. There is enough coal in the Ilgin-Çavuºçu coalfield to fuel a thermal power plant.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
3. Layout and planning
o In planning the layout of a ventilation system and determining the proper method of ventilation
for a prospective mine and extension to an existing mine, attention must given to many factors.
o These factors affect either major or minor features of ventilation system.
o Major features concerned with the fan, the opening and airways of circuits.
o Minor features involve detail of distributing air to individual working places.
o Both major and minor features are largely a function of mining method, mining laws, and type
of ventilation system.
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4. Major features
o McElroy summarizes the desirable major features to include in mine ventilation system are
1. Utilize haulage or hoisting opening as intake.
2. Utilize all available openings and connections to the surface in transmitting air.
3. Limit distance of air travel to a minimum.
4. Maintain a balance of resistance between main intake and return airways.
5. Avoid leakage and recirculation.
6. Circulate air from active zone to cave zone.
7. Split air as needed and as close to fan as possible.
8. Use centrally located shaft as intake and peripheral shaft as exhausts.
9. Avoid transmitting air in opposite direction in adjoining airways (shafts, entries).
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5. Minor features
o Minor features of ventilation system are
1. Degree of concentration of working places.
2. Position of active working.
3. Ground condition and methods of support required.
4. Position of sealed area or fire zone.
5. Condition of abandoned workings.
6. Precooling requirement of hot zones in deep mines .
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6. Ventilation system and mining method
o In general the objective in mine ventilation is to insure that adequate amounts of fresh air reach
the face of all working places.
o This can be done in planning the ventilation system by observing following principles
1. Attempt to coordinate mining and ventilation system, rather than super impose a ventilation
on an existing, rigid mining method.
2. Utilize the primary development opening as main airways in ventilation system and other
development opening as secondary airways.
3. Restrict the number of working places on one split of air, splitting insure that disruption of
ventilation in one has no effect on others.
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7. Ventilation system and mining method
o Physical outline of ventilation system depend largely upon mining method.
o System has to be characterized by the types of mining with which they are associated.
1. Such as mining method have been devised for flat, bedded deposits termed as coal mining
methods.
2. Method have been also devised for massive vein deposit termed as metal mining method.
o So vitiation system have also been devised for each type of mining and identified as often as
coal mine or metal mine ventilation system.
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8. Conclusion
o All ventilation systems have much in common and bear a striking resemblance to one another in
schematic form.
o Generic classification should be based on the characteristics (shape & inclination) of the mineral
deposit.
o Which govern the selection of the mining method rather than the nature of material being
mined.
o Ventilation system will be classified to horizontal, vertical and combined horizontal-vertical
system.
o Horizontal system mainly associated with coal mining.
o Vertical system associated with metal mining.
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10. References
MINE VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING BOOK BY HOWARD L. HARTMAN.
Also available on Google e Book.
https://books.google.com.pk/books/about/Mine_Ventilation_and_Air_Conditioning.html?id=5sg
Z-spyhqUC
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