This document summarizes the structural design and load transfer mechanisms of the Burj Khalifa tower in Dubai. It describes the tower's reinforced concrete core and columns that transfer loads to the foundation. Wind loads were a primary design consideration due to the tower's extreme height, and various techniques like tapering the shape and adding openings help disrupt wind vortexes. Loads flow from the steel-framed upper levels through composite link beams and concrete core walls to the large concrete mat foundation supported by long concrete piles.

1. SELECTING ONE SINGLE TYPE OF
BUILDING AND COVERING ALL
DESIGN ASPECT OF THAT
BUILDING AND IDENTIFY THE
LOAD TRANSFER MECHANISM IN
THAT BUILDING
PREPARED BY :
ABDUL HASEEB & HASSAM RABBANI (B.SC. CIVIL ENG.)

2. PROJECT : BCD
PREPARED BY : HASSAM RABBANI &
ABDUL HASEEB (B.SC. CIVIL ENG.)
ETEA ID :02366 , 01136
SUBMITTED TO : TAIMURE KHAN
DATE : 9/4/2019

3. BURJ KHALIFA

4. INDEX
 INTRODUCTION
 STRUCTRAL AND ARCHITEUCTURAL SYSTEM
 CONSTRUCTION OF BURJ KHALIFA
 LOAD TRANSFERING MECHANISM

5.  INTRODUCTION
General Information:
 Official name: Burj Khalifa Bin
Zayed
 Also Known As: Burj Dubai
 Built: 2004-2010
 Cost: $4,100,000,000
 Designed By: Skidmore,
Owings & Merrill
 Structural engineer: William
F.Baker
 Total Stories: 206
 Inhabited Stories: 106
 Elevators: 57 , speed: 10m/s
 Maximum Height: 2,717 Feet
/ 828 Meters
 Total area: 4,000,000 sq.m
 Location: Dubai, United Arab

6. DESCRIPTION:
Burj Khalifa, the tallest man-made building
in human history, standing at 828m, is
certainly a beautiful piece of artwork,
combined with the precision in
mathematics and engineering.

7. B:STRUCTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN
1. Architectural Style
2. Structural System

8. 1. Design inspiration
2. The Advantages Of Tower Shape
Design

9. Design inspiration
Flower shape
The architecture features a triple-lobed footprint, an
abstraction of a desert flower named Hymenocallis.
The tower is composed of three elements arranged
around a central core.
Twenty-six helical levels decrease the cross section of the
tower incrementally as it spirals skyward.
A Y-shaped floor plan maximizes views of the Arabian
Gulf. Viewed from the base or the air.

10. The advantages of the tower shape design
The advantages :
Foundation : The modular, Y-shaped structure, with
setbacks along each of its three wings provides an
inherently stable configuration for the structure and
provides good floor plates for residential.
Usage : The Y-shaped plan is ideal for residential and
hotel usage, with the wings allowing maximum outward
views and inward natural light.
Nature : Gradient spiral design hinders the swirling wind
.fig.1
Top level
wind

11. STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
1. Structural Material
2.Structural Description

12. Structural System Material
Structural material : concrete , steel
Structural System: Buttressed Core
Dimensional finite element structural
analysis model
Thetower superstructure of Burj Khalifa is designed as
an all reinforced concrete building with high performance
concrete from the foundation level to level 156, and is
topped with a structural steel braced frame from level
156 to the highest point of the tower.
Thestructure of Burj Khalifa was designed to behave
like a giant column with cross sectional shape that is a
reflection of the building massing and profile.

13. Structural System Material
Mat foundation
Concrete
structure

14. Structural System Material
steel structure from level 156 to the top

15. Reinforced concrete piles ( 1.5m in diameter and 43m
long ) .
Concrete mix for the piles had 25% fly ash and 7%
silica fume.
Themat is supported by 192 bored , Capacity of each
pile is 3000 tonnes.
Thepiles were made high density, low permeability
concrete placed by tremie method utilizing polymer slurry.
Themat is 3.7 meters thick, and was constructed in
four separate pours totaling 12,500 cubic meters of
concrete
Ahigh density, low permeability concrete was used in
the foundations.
Acathodic protection system was also installed under
the mat, to minimize any detrimental effects of corrosive
chemicals, which may be present in local ground water.

16. LOAD MECHANISM
1) Lateral load Resisting System
3) Wind Load

17. The consideration loads on the tower
Thetower’s lateral load resisting system consists of
high performance, reinforced concrete ductile core
walls linked to the exterior reinforced concrete
columns through a series of reinforced concrete
shear wall panels at the mechanical levels.
Thecore walls vary in thickness from 1300mm to
500mm. The core walls are typically linked through a
series of 800mm to 1100mm deep reinforced
concrete link beams at every level.
These composite ductile link beams typically consist
of steel shear plates, or structural steel built-up I-
shaped beams, with shear studs embedded in the
concrete section.
Thelink beam width typically matches the adjacent
core wall thickness .
Atthe top of the center reinforced concrete core
wall, a very tall spire tops the building, making it the
tallest tower in the world in all categories. The lateral
load resisting system of the spire consists of a
diagonal structural steel bracing system from level
156 to the top of the spire at approximately 750 meter
above the ground.
Thepinnacle consists of structural steel pipe
section varying from 2100mm diameter x 60mm
thick at the base to 1200mm diameter x 30mm thick
at the top (828m).

18. WIND LOAD
 Several wind engineering techniques
were employed into the design of the
tower to control the dynamic response
of the tower under wind loading by
disorganizing the vortex shedding
formation (frequency and direction)
along the building height and tuning the
dynamic characteristics of the building
to improve its dynamic behavior and to
prevent lock-in vibration.
 Shape strategies to reduce excitation :
Softened corners Varying cross-section shape
Porosity or openings

19. IMPORTANCE OF HEIGHT WITH WIND
Relationship between importance of wind and height
 Reducing the cross-sectional along height
 Smoothen the corner
 Change the orientation of the building

20. THANKS