This document provides a summary of data on secondary education globally and by region. Some key findings include:
- Over 543 million students are enrolled worldwide in secondary education, up from 510 million in 2005. Nearly half of enrollments are in East Asia/Pacific and South Asia.
- The global net enrollment rate has risen from 53% in 2000 to 62.5% in 2010, though over one-third of secondary age children remain out of school. Enrollment rates vary greatly by region, with Sub-Saharan Africa having the lowest rates.
- While progress has been made in improving gender parity in secondary enrollment, large disparities still exist in some regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Income and
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Large gender gaps in employment persist and may have been exacerbated by the global financial crisis in some regions Employment-to-population ratio, women and men, 2000-2012 (Percentage) Employment-to-population ratio, women and men, 2000-2012.
Sub-Saharan Africa the Caribbean Caucasus and Central Asia South-eastern Asia Northern Africa Southern Asia Oceania Developed regions Developing regions Gender gap Men Women 74.7 46.6 The lack of data on women’s experiences of poverty and hunger limits the analysis of MDG 1 to women’s employment outcomes. Between 2000 and 2012, women’s employment-to-population ratio declined globally from 48.5 per cent to 47.1 per cent compared to 73.9 and 72.2 per cent for men. In 2012, female employment ratio was still 25.1 percentage points lower than male’s.
North Africa, Southern Asia and Western Asia stand out as regions where women are particularly disadvantaged with gender gaps in employment of 50.0, 48.9 and 48.3 percentage points, respectively. The global financial crisis has contributed significantly to the decline in employment ratio in some regions and has had a significant impact on women. Globally, whereas before the crisis (2000-2007) female employment ratio declined only modestly by 0.1 percentage points (compared to a 0.8 decline for men), between 2007 and 2012, they declined by 1.3 percent-age points compared to 0.9 percentage points decline for men. Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women and men, 2000-2012 (Percentage)
While the share of people in vulnerable employment is decreasing, large gender gaps persist in most regions Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women and men, 2000-2012. Globally the proportion of women in vulnerable employment declined from 55.3 per cent in 2000 to 49.3 in 2012, compared to 50.5 and 47.1 per cent for men. Both the scale of vulnerable employment and the gap be-tween women and men differ widely across regions.
Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Asia and Oceania have the highest shares of people in vulnerable employment with values of over 80 per cent for women and around 70 per cent for men. The widest gender gaps can be found in Northern Africa and sub-Saharan Africa with 20.6 and 15.6 percentage points, respectively. Due to pervasive occupational segregation, women are overrepresented in low paid jobs, have less access to social protection, and are paid on average less than men for work of equal value. Women’s employment opportunities are further limited by the disproportionate amounts of unpaid care work that they perform.
More than half (or 51%) of youth aged 18–24 claimed that they did not have the financial means to pay for their tuition. Furthermore, 18% of those aged 18–24 who were not attending educational institutions indicated that their poor academic performance prevented them from participating. This is according to the “Higher Education and Skills in South Africa” report released by Statistics South Africa.
Read more here: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=12040
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About 28,8% of the South African population is aged younger than 15 years and approximately 9,0% (5,3 million) is 60 years or older. Of those younger than 15 years of age, the majority reside in Gauteng (21,5%) and KwaZulu- Natal (21,1%). Of the elderly (those aged 60 years and older), the highest percentage 23,9% (1,27 million) reside in Gauteng. The proportion of elderly persons aged 60 and older is increasing over time.
Download the full release here: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=1854&PPN=P0302&SCH=7668
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Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Large gender gaps in employment persist and may have been exacerbated by the global financial crisis in some regions Employment-to-population ratio, women and men, 2000-2012 (Percentage) Employment-to-population ratio, women and men, 2000-2012.
Sub-Saharan Africa the Caribbean Caucasus and Central Asia South-eastern Asia Northern Africa Southern Asia Oceania Developed regions Developing regions Gender gap Men Women 74.7 46.6 The lack of data on women’s experiences of poverty and hunger limits the analysis of MDG 1 to women’s employment outcomes. Between 2000 and 2012, women’s employment-to-population ratio declined globally from 48.5 per cent to 47.1 per cent compared to 73.9 and 72.2 per cent for men. In 2012, female employment ratio was still 25.1 percentage points lower than male’s.
North Africa, Southern Asia and Western Asia stand out as regions where women are particularly disadvantaged with gender gaps in employment of 50.0, 48.9 and 48.3 percentage points, respectively. The global financial crisis has contributed significantly to the decline in employment ratio in some regions and has had a significant impact on women. Globally, whereas before the crisis (2000-2007) female employment ratio declined only modestly by 0.1 percentage points (compared to a 0.8 decline for men), between 2007 and 2012, they declined by 1.3 percent-age points compared to 0.9 percentage points decline for men. Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women and men, 2000-2012 (Percentage)
While the share of people in vulnerable employment is decreasing, large gender gaps persist in most regions Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women and men, 2000-2012. Globally the proportion of women in vulnerable employment declined from 55.3 per cent in 2000 to 49.3 in 2012, compared to 50.5 and 47.1 per cent for men. Both the scale of vulnerable employment and the gap be-tween women and men differ widely across regions.
Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Asia and Oceania have the highest shares of people in vulnerable employment with values of over 80 per cent for women and around 70 per cent for men. The widest gender gaps can be found in Northern Africa and sub-Saharan Africa with 20.6 and 15.6 percentage points, respectively. Due to pervasive occupational segregation, women are overrepresented in low paid jobs, have less access to social protection, and are paid on average less than men for work of equal value. Women’s employment opportunities are further limited by the disproportionate amounts of unpaid care work that they perform.
More than half (or 51%) of youth aged 18–24 claimed that they did not have the financial means to pay for their tuition. Furthermore, 18% of those aged 18–24 who were not attending educational institutions indicated that their poor academic performance prevented them from participating. This is according to the “Higher Education and Skills in South Africa” report released by Statistics South Africa.
Read more here: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=12040
This infographic shows Human Development Index of Uzbekistan for 2013. Also, it includes some comparison with other countries of Central Asia and Europe.
About 28,8% of the South African population is aged younger than 15 years and approximately 9,0% (5,3 million) is 60 years or older. Of those younger than 15 years of age, the majority reside in Gauteng (21,5%) and KwaZulu- Natal (21,1%). Of the elderly (those aged 60 years and older), the highest percentage 23,9% (1,27 million) reside in Gauteng. The proportion of elderly persons aged 60 and older is increasing over time.
Download the full release here: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=1854&PPN=P0302&SCH=7668
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2. Summary
This presentation includes data on:
Total enrollments
Net Enrollment Rates (NER)
Pupil/Teacher Ratios
Repetition Rates
Income/Gender/Location Disparities
Lower Secondary Completion
Expenditures on Secondary Education
3. Acronym Guide
Acronym Name
EAP East Asia and Pacific
ECA Europe and Central Asia
LAC Latin American and the Caribbean
MNA Middle East and North Africa
SAS South Asia
SSA Sub-Saharan Africa
WLD World (Global Aggregate)
NER Net Enrollment Rate
GDP p.c. Gross Domestic Product per capita
GNI Gross National Income
NAR Net Attendance Rate
GPI Gender Parity Index (female value/male value)
PTR Pupil/Teacher Ratio
PISA Programme for International Student Assessment
5. How many children are enrolled in
secondary schools?
Over 543 million
students are enrolled
in secondary school
worldwide.
This total is up from
510 million in 2005 and
451 million in 2000.
Over half of the world’s
secondary school
students are in either
EAP or SAS.
38 percent of total
secondary enrolments
are in China (18%) and
India (20%)
258 million (47.5%) are
girls.
EAP
27.4%
ECA
6.4%
LAC
11.0%
MNA
5.8%
SSA
8.4%
SAS
24.9%
HIC
16.0%
Share of Total Secondary
Enrollments by Region (%)
2010
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, November 2012
Notes: Regional aggregates are World Bank regions;
HIC = high income countries in all geographic regions.
6. In 2000, just over half
(53%) of secondary
school age children
were enrolled. This
figure has risen by 9.4
percentage points to
62.5% in 2010.
ECA has consistently
had the highest net
enrolment rates (NERs)
over time at around
80%.
Unlike in
primary, secondary
NERs have consistently
improved over time
globally and in most
regions.
Continued…
How many children are enrolled?
Secondary – Net Enrollment Rates (NER)
Over one-third of secondary school age children are
not in school, but progress has been made over time.
53.1 54.8
57.1 58.7
61.1 62.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
NetEnrolmentRate.Secondary.Total(%)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Nov 2012; Notes:
SSA 2008 is 2007 data; 2010 Data not available for SSA & SAS
EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA WLD
7. EAP has made the most
progress between 2000
(55%) and 2010 (72%)
followed by SAS, which
improved by 11
percentage points
between 2000 and 2008.
SSA improved by 6.7
percentage points
between 2000 and
2007, but still was more
than 20 percent behind
other regions with NERs
ranging from 20-26%.
Almost ¾ of secondary
school age students are
not enrolled in SSA, and
almost half are not
enrolled in SAS.
How many children are enrolled?
Secondary – NER (continued)
Over one-third of secondary school age children are
not in school, but progress has been made over time.
53.1 54.8
57.1 58.7
61.1 62.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
NetEnrolmentRate.Secondary.Total(%)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Nov 2012; Notes:
SSA 2008 is 2007 data; 2010 Data not available for SSA & SAS
EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA WLD
8. Which countries have the lowest
secondary enrollment rates?
More than 2/3 of
secondary school age
students are out-of-school
in these countries. Almost
90% of students are not
enrolled in Niger and
Angola.
25 countries have less
than half of secondary
school age students
enrolled.
Djibouti is the only country
on the list that is not in
SSA.
#10 Eritrea’s NER is
almost 3 times higher than
#1 Niger’s NER.
#5 Mozambique improved
from 3.4% in 2001 to
17.3% in 2011.
10 Countries with the Lowest
Secondary Net Enrollment Rates
(2008-2011)
1 Niger 10.2
2 Angola 11.5
3 Central African Republic 14.1
4 Burundi 16.2
5 Mozambique 17.3
6 Burkina Faso 17.5
7 Madagascar 23.6
8 Djibouti 24.2
9 Malawi 27.5
10 Eritrea 28.6
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, November 2012
Notes: Figures are most recent year with available data between 2008-2011.
Green = 2008; Blue = 2009; Black = 2010; Purple = 2011. Data were not
available for 96 of 214 countries.
9. Which countries have improved
secondary enrolment rates the most?
These countries
have improved their
secondary net
enrolment rates
(NER) by 16 to 32
percentage points
between 1999-2001
and 2009-2011.
Bhutan has more
than doubled its
2001 NER, but still
has around half of
secondary school
age students OOS in
2011.
Despite their
improvement, only
three of these
countries have NERs
higher than 75%.
10 Countries with the Most Improvement
in Secondary Net Enrollment Rates
Percentage
Points
Improved
1999-
2001
NER
Most
current
NER
% Improved
1 Bhutan 32.0 21.7 53.8 147.5
2 Syrian Arab Republic 25.2 41.7 67.0 60.5
3 St. Lucia 25.0 60.3 85.3 41.4
4 St. Vincent and the
Grenadines
22.4 67.9 90.4 33.0
5 Dominican Republic 22.1 40.2 62.3 55.0
6 Oman 21.5 68.2 89.7 31.6
7 Indonesia 20.6 46.7 67.3 44.1
8 Venezuela, RB 17.5 54.3 71.8 32.2
9 Kenya 16.0 34.0 50.0 47.0
10 Ghana 15.8 32.9 48.7 48.1
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Nov. 2012;
Notes: Black data is for 2001 or 2010; Purple is 2000 or 2011; Blue is 2009; Data were
not available for 123 of 214 countries.
10. Net Enrollment Rate. Secondary (%)
The maps displayed were produced by EdStats. The boundaries, colors, denominations and any
other information shown on this map do not imply, on the part of the World Bank Group, any
judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The maps are for reference only.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, November 2012
Note: Data displayed is for the latest available year (2008-2011)
11. Do low secondary enrollments relate
to low national income per capita?
Low gross national
income (GNI) per capita
does not necessarily
lead to low secondary
NERs. Low income
countries (<$1025 GNI
pc) have NERs ranging
from 10.2% (Niger) to
85% (Tajikistan).
All countries with a GNI
pc over $10,000 have a
NER over 70% except
Liechtenstein and
Uruguay.
Almost all countries with
secondary NERs less
than 50% have a GNI pc
less than $3000. The
exceptions are
Swaziland and Angola.
There is no clear association between low national
income per capita and low secondary enrolment rates.
R² = 0.179
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 20 40 60 80
NetEnrollmentRate.Secondary.AllProgrammes.Total
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Nov. 2012
Note: Data is for the most recent year between 2009 and 2011.
CAR, Burundi, Mozambique, Burkina Faso
Niger
Norway
Angola
Suriname
Macao, SAR China
Switzerland,
Qatar,
Luxembourg
12. 0.92
0.94
0.95
0.96 0.96 0.96
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
GenderParityIndex(GPI)forNetEnrolmentRate.Secondary
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Oct. 2012; No data
available for SSA and MNA for 2010. SSA 2008 data is from 2007.
WLD EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA
Which regions have reached gender
parity in secondary enrollments?
Globally, the gender parity
index (GPI) for secondary
net enrollment rate (NER)
has been increasing from
0.92 in 2000 to 0.96 in
2010.
ECA is the only region
within +/- 0.05 of gender
parity (1.0).
LAC has consistently had
higher female NERs. EAP
has reversed from a male
bias (0.96) in 2000 to a
female bias (1.06) in
2010.
SAS has greatly
decreased gender
disparity over time.
SSA has maintained a
male bias 0.80 since
2000.
Gender disparities in secondary enrollments vary
greatly across regions.
Female Bias
Male Bias
13. 0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
GenderParityIndex(GPI)forGrossEnrolmentRatio.Secondary
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, October 2012:
Data points are the most recent year with data available (2008-2011)
Does gender parity exist in secondary
enrollments in most countries?
Just over half (52%) of
countries with data are
within 0.05 of gender
parity in secondary
enrollments.
Unlike primary
enrollments, more
countries have a female
bias in secondary
enrolments. 85
countries have GPIs
higher than 1 while 71
countries have GPIs
less than 1.
6 countries have
perfect gender parity
(1.0):
Slovenia, Mauritius, Sw
aziland, Japan, Indones
ia, and Cyprus.
More countries have higher female secondary GERs
than male secondary GERs.
Female Bias
Male Bias
14. Which countries have the largest gender
disparities in secondary enrolments?
In 9 of 10
countries, the male
GER is much
higher than the
female GER. In
Lesotho – the
female GER is
higher than the
male rate.
8 of 10 countries
are in SSA. 1 is in
South Asia and 1
is in MNA.
Of the 20 countries
with the greatest
gender disparity, 5
have a female
bias.
14 of the top 20
are in SSA.
10 Countries with the Largest Gender
Disparities in Secondary Enrolments
(2008-2011)
GPI
Absolute value
from 1
1 Chad 0.42 0.58
2 Afghanistan 0.51 0.49
3 Central African Republic 0.55 0.45
4 Congo, Dem. Rep. 0.58 0.42
5 Guinea 0.59 0.41
6 Lesotho 1.38 0.38
7 Yemen, Rep. 0.62 0.38
8 Niger 0.66 0.34
9 Angola 0.69 0.31
10 Mali 0.71 0.29
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, October 2012; Notes: Data are 2010
GPIs for Secondary Gross Enrolment Rates except Guinea (2009), CAR (2011), and Mali
(2011); Data were not available for 52 of 213 countries.
15. Which countries have decreased gender
disparity in secondary the most?
These countries have
moved from 0.19 to
0.34 percentage
points closer to
gender parity (1) over
time.
Sweden and St. Lucia
improved from a large
female bias (1.26)
toward gender parity.
The other countries
have improved from a
male bias (0.40 to
0.85) toward gender
parity.
3 of 10 countries are
within 0.05 of gender
parity in the most
recent year.
10 Countries with the Most
Improvement Toward Gender
Parity in Secondary Enrollments
Percentage
Points
Improved
2000/
2001
GPI
Most current
GPI
1 Cambodia 0.34 0.57 0.90
2 Sweden 0.27 1.26 0.99
3 St. Lucia 0.27 1.26 0.99
4 Mozambique 0.23 0.64 0.87
5 Senegal 0.21 0.66 0.88
6 Yemen, Rep. 0.21 0.41 0.62
7 India 0.20 0.72 0.92
8 Bhutan 0.19 0.85 1.04
9 Guinea 0.19 0.40 0.59
10 Turkey 0.19 0.73 0.91
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, October. 2012;
Notes: Most current GPI data for most countries is from 2010;
Guinea and Turkey are 2009; Mozambique data is 2011.
16. Do gender, income, or location disparities
exist in secondary attendance rates?
Large gender disparities
in secondary attendance
rates do not exist in any
region except SAS. In
LAC, ECA, and
MNA, slightly more
females attend
secondary than males.
Rural/urban location
disparities exist in most
regions. In LAC and
SSA, location disparities
are 20/23 percentage
points.
The largest disparities in
all regions are
associated with income:
There is a 35+
percentage point
difference between the
top/bottom quintiles in
LAC, SAS, and SSA.2
The largest disparities in net secondary attendance
rates are associated with income.
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA
PercentagePointDifferenceinNetAttendanceRate.Secondary
(Male-Female,Urban-Rural,andQuintile1-Quintile5)
Gender disparity
Location disparity
Income disparity
Source: Estimated by Porta (2011) using data from Demographic and Health
Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, and Living Standards
Measurement Studies for 1985-2007
17. Do income disparities exist in lower
secondary enrolment rates in SAS and MNA?
Source: Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys In World Inequality Database on Education (WIDE), Nov. 2012
South Asia (SAS)
Middle East and North Africa (MNA)
% of the population in the official age range of lower secondary education not in school
18. Do rural/urban disparities exist in lower
secondary enrolment rates in LAC?
Source: Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys In World Inequality Database on Education (WIDE), Nov. 2012
Percentage of the population in the official age range of
lower secondary education not in school
% of the population in the official age range of lower secondary education not in school
19. Do regional disparities exist in lower
secondary enrolment rates in Asia?
Source: Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys In World Inequality Database on Education (WIDE), Nov. 2012
% of the population in the official age range of lower secondary education not in school
21. Which regions have higher
secondary pupil-teacher ratios?
Globally, secondary
pupil-teacher ratios
(PTRs) have decreased
slightly from 18 pupils
per teacher in 1999 to
17 in 2011.
SAS has the highest
PTR in 2011 at 26.4
pupils per teacher. This
is a sharp decrease
from 34 in 1999.
SSA’s PTR is also
consistently higher than
most regions over time.
ECA has the fewest
students per teacher in
2011 (11.7) followed by
EAP at 16 and LAC at
17.
Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia have the
highest secondary pupil-teacher ratios.
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Pupil-TeacherRatio.Secondary
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, March 2013
EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA WLD
22. Which countries have the highest
secondary pupil-teacher ratios?
These countries
have between 35
and 67 secondary
pupils per teacher.
Eight of the 10
countries are in
SSA.
Despite larger class
sizes, less than 15%
of children are
enrolled in
secondary education
in CAR, Angola, and
Niger.
There are 34
countries with PTRs
less than 10. Most
are high income
countries.
10 Countries with the Highest
Secondary Pupil-Teacher Ratios
(2006-2012)
Pupil-Teacher
Ratio. Secondary
Net Enrolment Rate.
Secondary
1 Central African Rep. 66.8 14.1
2 Malawi 42.1 27.5
3 Nepal 40.9 -
4 Ethiopia 40.3 -
5 Eritrea 39.5 28.6
6 Angola 38.7 11.5
7 Guinea-Bissau 37.3 -
8 Tanzania 35.2 -
9 Philippines 34.8 61.6
10 Niger 34.7 10.2
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, March 2013
Note: Data is for the most recent available year; Black data are for 2011; Blue = 2010;
Green = 2009; Maroon = 2008; Data were not available for 58 countries.
23. Which countries have decreased
secondary pupil-teacher ratios the
most?
These countries have
decreased their
secondary pupil-
teacher ratios by 7 to
18 students/teacher
over time.
After the large
decreases, these
countries have current
PTRs between 14 and
25 pupils per teacher
except Malawi (42)
and Eritrea (40).
5 countries increased
PTRs by more than 10
pupils per teacher
over time: Nepal,
Tanzania, Solomon
Islands, Angola, and
Guinea-Bissau.
10 Countries with the
Most Improvement in
Secondary Pupil-Teacher Ratios
Percentage
Points
Improved
1999-
2002
PTR
Most
current
PTR
%
Improved
1 Malawi 17.7 59.8 42.1 29.6
2 Bhutan 11.9 32.4 20.5 36.6
3 Chile 10.7 32.6 21.9 32.8
4 Eritrea 9.8 49.3 39.5 19.9
5 Macao SAR, China 9.2 24.0 14.8 38.4
6 Vietnam 7.7 26.3 18.6 29.4
7 Belize 7.5 23.8 16.3 31.5
8 Mongolia 7.4 21.9 14.5 33.7
9 Cape Verde 7.3 24.5 17.2 29.7
1
0
India 7.0 32.3 25.3 21.6
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, March 2013
Notes: Data were not available for 83 of 214 countries.
24. Pupil-Teacher Ratio. Secondary
(2006-2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, 2013
Note: Data displayed is for the most recent available year
The maps displayed were produced by EdStats. The boundaries, colors, denominations and any
other information shown on this map do not imply, on the part of the World Bank Group, any
judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The maps are for reference only.
26. Which countries have the highest
repetition rates in secondary?
20 to 26% of all
secondary students are
repeaters in these
countries.
9 of 10 countries are in
SSA.
Togo’s repetition rates
has increased by 6
percentage points over
time. Benin, Chad, and
Burkina Faso also had
worsening repetition
rates.
Burundi improved its
repetition rate by over
12 percentage points.
26
10 Countries with the Highest
Secondary Repetition Rates
(2006-2012)
1 Togo 26.1
2 Burkina Faso 25.8
3 Burundi 24.2
4 Congo, Rep. 23.6
5 Benin 23.4
6 Sao Tome and Principe 21.3
7 Iraq 21.3
8 Mali 19.9
9 Chad 19.8
10 Cape Verde 19.7
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, March 2013; Notes: Data
displayed is for the most recent available year. Blue data is for 2007; Black =
2011; Green = 2009. Data were not available for 58 of 214 countries.
27. Which countries have decreased
secondary repetition rates the most?
These countries
have decreased their
secondary repetition
rates by 7 to 12
percentage points
over time.
4 countries have
more than halved
their repetition rates.
Despite great
improvement, 6 of
the 10 countries
have current
repetition rates
higher than 10%.
10 Countries with the Largest
Decreases in Secondary Repetition
Rates
Percentage
Points
Decreased
1999-2002
Repetition
Rate
Most
current
Repetition
Rate
%
Decreased
1 Burundi 12.4 36.6 24.2 33.9
2 Eritrea 10.3 20.3 10.1 50.5
3 Guinea 9.2 23.7 14.6 38.6
4 Sri Lanka 8.5 9.2 0.7 92.8
5 Rwanda 8.2 11.8 3.6 69.8
6 Mozambique 7.7 21.5 13.7 36.0
7 Ethiopia 7.7 17.1 9.4 45.0
8 Guinea-Bissau 7.7 20.8 13.1 36.8
9 Bhutan 7.4 10.7 3.4 68.6
1
0
Congo, Rep. 7.2 30.8 23.6 23.4
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, March 2013
Note: Data were not available for 93 of 214 countries.
28. Secondary Repetition Rate (%)
(2006-2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, 2013
Note: Data displayed is for the most recent available year
The maps displayed were produced by EdStats. The boundaries, colors, denominations and any
other information shown on this map do not imply, on the part of the World Bank Group, any
judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The maps are for reference only.
30. Are there gender, income or location
disparities in secondary completion rates?
Low income is the
greatest source of
disparity in secondary
completion rates in all
regions. The disparity is
greatest in SAS (60
percentage points), LAC
(44), and SSA (40).
Rural residence is a
source of disparity in
SAS (29 percentage
point disparity), LAC
(25), and SSA (22).
A slightly higher
percentage of females
complete secondary in
ECA and LAC, but the
opposite is true in other
regions.2
Income is the greatest source of disparity in
secondary completion rates in all regions.
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA
PercentagePointDifferenceinSecondaryCompletionRate
(Male-Female,Urban-Rural,andQuintile1-Quintile5)
Gender disparity
Location disparity
Income disparity
Source: Estimated by Porta (2011) using data from Demographic and Health
Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, and Living Standards
Measurement Studies for 1985-2007
31. Lower Secondary Graduation Rate
(2006-2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, 2013
Note: Data displayed is for the most recent available year
The maps displayed were produced by EdStats. The boundaries, colors, denominations and any
other information shown on this map do not imply, on the part of the World Bank Group, any
judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The maps are for reference only.
32. Where are the greatest income
disparities in PISA math scores?
-30
-10
10
30
50
70
90
110
Iceland
Norway
Azerbaijan
Qatar
Montenegro
Macao-China
Slovenia
Finland
Australia
Canada
ChineseTaipei
Sweden
Japan
Switzerland
Denmark
Estonia
Russia
Ireland
UnitedKingdom
Netherlands
Greece
HongKong-China
Spain
Italy
Austria
Kyrgyzstan
Serbia
Liechtenstein
SlovakRepublic
Luxembourg
Latvia
Poland
Germany
CzechRepublic
Korea
NewZealand
Hungary
France
Lithuania
Jordan
Romania
Belgium
Indonesia
Bulgaria
UnitedStates
Tunisia
Thailand
Mexico
Portugal
Turkey
Colombia
Uruguay
Chile
Argentina
Brazil
PointsDifferencebetweenQuintile5and1onPISAMathScale
Source: Porta and Mcdonald based on Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009) data, 2010
Richer students have higher scores in all but 3 countries – Iceland, Norway, and
Azerbaijan. The greatest income disparities are in 5 Latin American countries –
Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, and Colombia.
34. Which countries spend the least per
student on secondary education?
On average, countries
spend 24.4% of per
capita GDP per
secondary education
student. These countries
spend between 5.5 and
9.4%.
5 of the 10 countries are
in LAC and 3 are in EAP.
Brunei Darussalam is the
only country on the list
with a net enrollment rate
in the top half of
countries.
More than half of
secondary enrollments
are in private schools in
Guatemala and more
than ¼ are in private
schools in Venezuela
and Peru.
10 Countries with the Lowest Share
of p.c. GDP per Secondary Student
(2006-2012)
Share of pc
GDP (%) per
student
Secondary
Enrolment
Rate (NER)
Private
Enrollment
Share (%)
1 Guatemala 5.5 46.1 62.5
2 Monaco 5.5 - 22.3
3 Cambodia 6.8 35.1 2.0
4 Dominican Rep. 7.0 62.1 20.8
5 Brunei Darussalam 7.8 99.0 13.5
6 Venezuela, RB 8.0 72.8 28.4
7 Indonesia 8.8 67.3 41.8
8 Peru 9.1 77.6 26.0
9 Philippines 9.1 61.6 19.8
10 El Salvador 9.4 60.0 16.3
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Feb. 2013
Notes: Figures are for the most recent year with data available: Blue figures are
for 2010; Green for 2009; Black for 2011; Maroon for 2008; Purple for 2007;
Data were not available for 86 countries.
35. Which countries spend the most per
student on secondary education?
5 of the 10 countries
are in SSA.
Niger, Angola, and
Mozambique have
high per student
sending and three of
the lowest secondary
net enrolment rates of
all countries.
Honduras spends the
most as a share of pc
GDP by far, but also
has the highest share
of students enrolled in
private schools (27%).
10 Countries with the Highest Share of
p.c. GDP per Secondary Student
(2006-2012)
Share of pc
GDP (%) per
student
Secondary
Enrolment
Rate (NER)
Private
Enrollment
Share (%)
1 Honduras 279.7 - 26.9
2 Mozambique 84.8 17.3 12.7
3 Lesotho 55.1 29.8 1.0
4 Cuba 52.1 86.6 -
5 Niger 51.1 9.4 18.1
6 Angola 45.0 13.5 10.6
7 Cyprus 40.7 96.0 17.5
8 Moldova 39.4 77.7 1.3
9 Rwanda 39.3 - 20.6
10 Morocco 39.1 - 5.2
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, Feb. 2013
Notes: Figures are for the most recent year with data available: Blue figures are for
2010; Green for 2009; Black for 2011; Maroon for 2008; Purple for 2007; Beige for
2006; Data were not available for 86 countries.
36. Public Expenditure per Pupil as a % of
GDP per capita. Secondary
(2006-2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, 2013
Note: Data displayed is for the latest available year
The maps displayed were produced by EdStats. The boundaries, colors, denominations and any
other information shown on this map do not imply, on the part of the World Bank Group, any
judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The maps are for reference only.
37. This presentation utilizes the following data sources:
1) UNESCO Institute for Statistics data in the EdStats Query
The presentation was created with the most recent UIS data release that
included 2010 data for most indicators/countries.
Indicators were calculated by UIS according to definitions available in the
EdStats Query.
2) Demographic and Health Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys,
and Living Standards Measurement Studies for 1985-2007; Reports
were generated through ADePT Edu (2011)
3) Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster
Surveys in the World Inequality Database on Education (WIDE)
4) Learning Outcome Data from the EdStats Query:
Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)
Data Sources
38. The State of Education Series
The following State of Education presentations
are available on the EdStats website:
Educational Levels:
Pre-Primary Education
Primary Education
Secondary Education
Tertiary Education
Topics:
Access
Quality
Expenditures
Literacy
Equity
Gender