These slides will help you know about the physiology of the respiratory system. These slides are the simplest version on how to know about the Physiology Of Respiratory System with its applied physiology.
These slides will help you know about the physiology of the respiratory system. These slides are the simplest version on how to know about the Physiology Of Respiratory System with its applied physiology.
Classmate Discussion Entries (Pick TWO and respondcritique)…ONE.docxmonicafrancis71118
Classmate Discussion Entries (Pick TWO and respond/critique)…
ONE:
We have to be able to breathe in order to live. Every cell in your body needs oxygen. The respiratory system works together to help you breathe. It moves fresh air (o2) into the body and gets waste gases (CO2) out of the body. This exchange of gases takes place in the lungs. Volume changes cause gas pressure changes in the thoracic cavity. These movements of air are from Boyle’s Law. Today I will explain these processes and how it relates to Boyle’s Law. I will also talk about how asthma is related.
Air flows from a high pressure to a low pressure along the pressure gradient. The pressure inside the lungs is called intrapulmonary pressure. The pressure here is higher than the pressure in the pleural cavity called intrapleural pressure. It is the difference that keeps the lungs inflated. If it were equal, the lungs would deflate which would not be good. Unlike intrapulmonary pressure and intrapleural pressure, atmospheric pressure is a set value of 760mmHg at sea level. It does not change while you breathe.
Boyle’s Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas decreases if the volume of the container increases and vice versa. So, volume and pressure are inversely related. Air does not move if the pressure is equal. During inhalation of normal breathing (quiet breathing), the diaphragm contracts and becomes flat. The external intercostal muscles contract, ribs are pushed outwards and upwards and the sternum is lifted up. The intrapulmonary area enlarges and intrapulmonary pressure reduces compared to atmospheric pressure. It decreases from 760mmHg to 759mmHg which will make air come into the lungs. During exhalation, it does the opposite. The diaphragm relaxes and becomes dome- shaped and there is relaxation of external intercostal muscles. The ribs and sternum are pulled in. Intrapulmonary area decreases and lungs show elastic recoil. When intrapulmonary pressure is 761mmHg, air goes out of the lungs.
If anything in the process of Boyle’s Law is affected or not just right, then asthma can develop. Asthma is an inflammatory lung disease that is marked by bronchoconstriction. The airways are narrow or even obstructed. Extra mucus is produced, making breathing nearly impossible. Allergens such as pollen can trigger symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, tightness in chest and shortness of breath. Other triggers can be cold air, cigarette smoke or physical activity. The list goes on and on and varies from one person to another. Some cases of asthma are so serious that a person would need to carry around an inhaler with them at all times. Life or death kind of a thing. Inhalers can reduce the inflammation. Another treatment option may include bronchodilators that open up the airway. Asthma can be controlled. Some young children with mild cases of asthma have even “grown out of” asthma symptoms.
In conclusion, you can see how important and complex the respiratory syst.
Tape worms (cestoda) are intestinal parasites that are shaped like a tape measure. They are highly diversified group of ubiquitous endoparasites that generally have a two-phased life cycle
The history of mass media can be traced back to the days when dramas were performed in various ancient cultures. This was the first time when a form of media was "broadcast" to a wider audience.
Classmate Discussion Entries (Pick TWO and respondcritique)…ONE.docxmonicafrancis71118
Classmate Discussion Entries (Pick TWO and respond/critique)…
ONE:
We have to be able to breathe in order to live. Every cell in your body needs oxygen. The respiratory system works together to help you breathe. It moves fresh air (o2) into the body and gets waste gases (CO2) out of the body. This exchange of gases takes place in the lungs. Volume changes cause gas pressure changes in the thoracic cavity. These movements of air are from Boyle’s Law. Today I will explain these processes and how it relates to Boyle’s Law. I will also talk about how asthma is related.
Air flows from a high pressure to a low pressure along the pressure gradient. The pressure inside the lungs is called intrapulmonary pressure. The pressure here is higher than the pressure in the pleural cavity called intrapleural pressure. It is the difference that keeps the lungs inflated. If it were equal, the lungs would deflate which would not be good. Unlike intrapulmonary pressure and intrapleural pressure, atmospheric pressure is a set value of 760mmHg at sea level. It does not change while you breathe.
Boyle’s Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas decreases if the volume of the container increases and vice versa. So, volume and pressure are inversely related. Air does not move if the pressure is equal. During inhalation of normal breathing (quiet breathing), the diaphragm contracts and becomes flat. The external intercostal muscles contract, ribs are pushed outwards and upwards and the sternum is lifted up. The intrapulmonary area enlarges and intrapulmonary pressure reduces compared to atmospheric pressure. It decreases from 760mmHg to 759mmHg which will make air come into the lungs. During exhalation, it does the opposite. The diaphragm relaxes and becomes dome- shaped and there is relaxation of external intercostal muscles. The ribs and sternum are pulled in. Intrapulmonary area decreases and lungs show elastic recoil. When intrapulmonary pressure is 761mmHg, air goes out of the lungs.
If anything in the process of Boyle’s Law is affected or not just right, then asthma can develop. Asthma is an inflammatory lung disease that is marked by bronchoconstriction. The airways are narrow or even obstructed. Extra mucus is produced, making breathing nearly impossible. Allergens such as pollen can trigger symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, tightness in chest and shortness of breath. Other triggers can be cold air, cigarette smoke or physical activity. The list goes on and on and varies from one person to another. Some cases of asthma are so serious that a person would need to carry around an inhaler with them at all times. Life or death kind of a thing. Inhalers can reduce the inflammation. Another treatment option may include bronchodilators that open up the airway. Asthma can be controlled. Some young children with mild cases of asthma have even “grown out of” asthma symptoms.
In conclusion, you can see how important and complex the respiratory syst.
Tape worms (cestoda) are intestinal parasites that are shaped like a tape measure. They are highly diversified group of ubiquitous endoparasites that generally have a two-phased life cycle
The history of mass media can be traced back to the days when dramas were performed in various ancient cultures. This was the first time when a form of media was "broadcast" to a wider audience.
It is a disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Affected continents are AFRICA, SOUTH ASIA, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, HAITI AND OTHER AREAS IN THE CARIBBEAN, EASTERN EUROPE, ISLANDS IN THE CENTRAL AND SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN (OCEANIA).
Personal hygiene are the behaviors that must be practiced in daily life, starting from morning to sleep time to protect our health. To protect health, body, hair, mouth and teeth must be cleaned regularly and clothes must be washed frequently
MUMPS(also called parotitis) IS A VACCINE-PREVENTABLE VIRAL INFECTION TRANSMITTED BY AND AFFECTING ONLY HUMANS.WHILE THE SALIVARY GLANDS(ESPECIALLY THE PAROTID GLAND AT THE SIDES OF THE CHEEKS)ARE WELL KNOWN TO BE INVOLVED DURING A MUMPS INFECTION,MANY OTHER ORGAN SYSTEMS MAY ALSO EXPERIENCE EFFECTS OF THE VIRUS INFECTION
MEASLES IS A VIRAL INFECTION THAT STARTS IN THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.IT STILL REMAINS A SIGNIFICANT CAUSE OF DEATH WORLDWIDE, DESPITE THE AVAILABILITY OF A SAFE,EFFECTIVE VACCINE.
ALSO KNOWN AS THE HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS,IS AN INFECTION THAT CAUSES THE LIVER TO BECOME INFLAMED.THIS SWELLING CAN IMPAIR LIVER FUNCTION AND CAUSE LONG-TERM LIVER PROBLEMS,INCLUDING LIVER SCARRING AND CANCER.THE CONDITION IS CAUSED BY THE HEPATITIS D VIRUS(HDV).
HEPATITIS B IS A LIVER INFECTION CAUSED BY THE HEPATITIS B VIRUS(HBV).HBV IS ONE OF THE FIVE TYPES OF VIRAL HEPATITIS.THE OTHERS ARE HEPATITIS A,C,D, AND E. EACH IS A DIFFERENT TYPE OF VIRUS,AND TYPES B AND C ARE MOST LIKELY TO BECOME CHRONIC.
HEPATITIS REFERS TO INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO TOXINS,ALCOHOL MISUSE,IMMUNE DISEASES,OR INFECTION.VIRUSES CAUSE THE MAJORITY OF CASES OF HEPATITIS,INCLUDING ALL CASES OF HEPATITIS A.
There are some diseases that are associated with the lungs and they include;
ASTHMA
PNEUMONIA
BRONCHITIS
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
LUNG CANCER
Erectile dysfunction (impotence) is the inability to get and keep an erection firm enough for sex. It is defined as the persistent inability to achieve penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance.
Blue eyes technology aims at creating a computer that has the abilities to understand the perceptual powers of the human being by recognizing their facial expressions and react according to them. A blue eye technology is planned for making computational machines that have tangible capacities like those of humans
The Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) is a standard to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets.
Breast cancer is the type of cancer that starts in the breast. It can start in one or both breasts. Cancer starts when cells begin to grow out of control. It is important to understand that most breast lumps are benign and not cancer.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
5. INTRODUCTION
Smoking is a practice in
which a substance is
burned and the result
smoke is typically
breathed in to be tasted
and absorbed into the
bloodstream.
6. DEFINITION OF BASIC TERMS
INHALATION
Refers to the inhaling of medicines or anesthetics in
the form of a gas or vapour. Examples: the action of
breathing air, smoke, or gas into your lungs.
SMOKE
A visible suspension of carbon or other particles in
air, typically one emitted from a burning substance.
EFFECTS
Refers to a change which is a result or consequence
of an action or other cause.
7. SECOND HAND SMOKING
Secondhand smoke is the smoke that you exhale
plus the ‘side-stream’ smoke created by the lit
end of your cigarette. It is also called
environmental tobacco smoke(ETS). It is a
mixture of 2 forms of smoke that come from
burning tobacco:
1. Mainstream smoke: The smoke exhaled by a
person who smokes.
2. Side-stream smoke: Smoke from the lighted end
of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar, or tobacco burning
in a hookah. This type of smoke has higher
concentrations of nicotine and cancer-causing
agents(carcinogens) than mainstream smoke.
8. EFFECTS OF SECOND HAND SMOKE
INHALATION IN EARLY LIFE
Increased risk for acute
respiratory infections such as
pneumonia and bronchitis
Middle ear disease
More frequent and severe
asthma
Respiratory symptoms
Slowed lung growth
9. LONG-TERM EFFECTS
Poor lung development(meaning
that the lungs never grow to their
full potential)
Lung cancer
Heart disease
Cataracts (an eye disease)