chemistry 9 relating the characteristics of carbon atom to the structure and properties of hydrocarbons

1. 9th grade
Science Subject for High School
Chemistry

2. RELATING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
CARBON ATOM TO THE STRUCTURE
AND PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS

3. What is Carbon Atom?
Carbon is the majority element
on Earth, and essential for life.

5. Hydrocarbon, is the
class of organic
compound composed
only of the elements
carbon and hydrogen.
What is Hydrocarbon?

6. Carbon Atoms have unique
characteristics that greatly
influence the structure and
properties of Hydrocarbons.
Here are some key points:

7. Carbon atoms have four valence electrons, allowing
them to form up to four covalent bonds with other
atoms. This property enables carbon to form stable
and diverse compounds, including hydrocarbons.
TETRAVALELENT NATURE

9. Carbon atoms can bond with each other to form long
chains or closed rings. This ability to form different
arrangements of carbon atoms leads to the vast
structural diversity observed in hydrocarbons.
Formation of Chains and Rings

11. Carbon's ability to form chains and rings results in the
phenomenon of isomerism. Isomers are compounds
with the same molecular formula but different
structural arrangements. This property contributes to
the wide range of hydrocarbon structures and their
varying properties.
Isomerism

13. Carbon atoms can form double or triple bonds with
each other, resulting in unsaturated hydrocarbons.
These multiple bonds introduce rigidity and reactivity
to the hydrocarbon structure, influencing their physical
and chemical properties.
Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds

14. Allotropy is a behavior exhibited by carbon chemical elements. This
elements can exist in 2 or more different forms known as “Allotropes’’ of
that element.....
When an element exist in more than 1 rystal in form that forms are called
“Alltropes’’..
Bonding of Carbon with Itself

16. Carbon atoms can also bond with other elements,
such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and halogens, to
form functional groups. These functional groups
significantly impact the chemical reactivity and
properties of hydrocarbons.
Functional Group Compatibility

18. Hydrocarbons consist primarily of carbon and
hydrogen atoms. The carbon-hydrogen bonds in
hydrocarbons are relatively strong and nonpolar,
contributing to their low reactivity and nonpolarity.
Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds

20. Due to the high carbon content, hydrocarbons are
highly combustible. They can undergo combustion
reactions with oxygen to release energy in the form of
heat and light.
Combustibility