The document outlines the steps of the scientific method, including defining a problem, forming a testable hypothesis, designing a controlled experiment with experimental and control groups to test the hypothesis, making observations and drawing a conclusion from the results, which could lead to publishing a new theory or revising the original hypothesis. An example is given about using the scientific method to test why another fisherman is catching more fish by testing different baits in a controlled experiment.

1. The Scientific Method http://www.virtualsciencefair.org/2004/mart4m0/public_html/process2.jpg

2. 1. Define the Problem Based on observations & form a question Collect existing info

3. 2. Form a Hypothesis a. A testable explanation to the problem b. Cannot be accepted until supported by a large number of tests c. May need to be revised or dismissed

4. 3. Design a Controlled Experiment a. Set up to test hypothesis b. Must test only one condition c. All conditions are alike except for the variable

5. Controlled Exp cont’d 1. (Experimental) Variable : the one factor being tested 2. Two Groups: same conditions except for variable a) Control Group : not exposed to variable b) Experimental Group : exposed to variable

6. 4. Observations 1. record qualitative and quantitative data

7. 5. Conclusion 1. data has value when a valid conclusion can be drawn 2. Theory : a hypothesis supported by many different exp/long period of time

8. Observation  Problem Hypothesis Controlled Experiment Results Conclusion Publication/Theory Reject & Revise Hypothesis Other scientists exp & repeat Additional Hypothesis

9. Example Let’s say you are out fishing. The fish aren’t biting for you, but another guy has them jumping into his boat…

10. Testing… So, you find out what bait he’s using, and you switch to it… <Good> Then you move your boat… <Bad> Why is this bad?