Whole description of bone scapula woth muscles & ligaments attachment and ossification also

2. SCAPULA

3. Scapula is a flat bone.
The body of scapula is thin, flat and triangular with
two surface ventral and dorsal.
• Scapula Lies on the Posterolateral Aspect of
Thorax extending from 2nd – 7th rib.

4. Different Part of Scapula :-
Scapula has –
Body which is triangular in shape it has –
“Three Angle” – Superior, Inferior, Lateral.
“Three Borders” – Superior, Medial, Lateral.
“Two Surface” – Costal and Dorsal.
“Three Process” – Spinous Process, Acromion
Coracoid Process.

6. Angles :-
a) Superior Angle is covered by trapezius.
b) Inferior Angle is covered by the latissimus dorsi.
c) Lateral or Glenoid Angle is broad and bears glenoid cavity
fossa.
Borders:-
a) Superior Border –
• It is thin and shorter.
• It presents a suprascapular notch near the root of Coracoid
process.
b) Lateral Border – It is thick and extends form glenoid cavity
inferior angle.
c) Medial Borders – It is thin and extend form superior to
Inferior angle of scapula.

7. Surfaces :-
a) Costal or Ventral Surfaces -
• It is concave and called subscapular fossa
• It acts as a lever for the action of the serratus anterior in
overhead of abduction of the arm.
• It is marked by three longitudinal ridges.
b) Dorsal Surface –
• It divided the surface into smaller supraspinous fossa
a large supraspinous fossa by the spine of scapula.
• The two fossa are connected by the spinoglenoid notch.

9. Processes :-
a) Spinous Process –
• It is present on the dorsal aspect of the body of scapula and
triangular in shape.
• Its anterior border is attached to the body of scapula and
posterior border known as crest of spine to free.
• The crest has two border(lips) i.e. upper and lower.
b) Acromion Process –
• It has medial and lateral border; superior and inferior
• It has an articular facet which articulates with lateral end of
clavical.
c) Coracoid Process –
• It is present above the glenoid cavity and it shaped like bent
finger.

11. Muscle Attachment :-
Muscle attached to 3 fossa of scapula :-
a) Costal Surface (Subscapular fossa)
Its medial 2/3rd provide origin to Subscapularis muscle.
b) Dorsal Surface (Supraspinous fossa)
Supraspinous fossa and upper surface of spine of scapula
gives origin to supraspinatous muscle.
c) Infraspinous fossa
Infraspinous fossa and inferior surface of spine of scapula
gives origin to infraspinatous muscle.

12. Muscle attached to 3 border of scapula :-
a) Medial Border –
1) Coastal Surface provides attachment i.e. insertion to serratus
anterior.
2) Dorsal Surface from above provides insertion of three muscle
• Levator Scapulae
• Rhomboideus Minor
• Rhomboideus Major
b) Lateral Border –
Its dorsal surface provides origin to Teres Minor (upper
Teres Major (lower 1/3rd).
c) Superior Border –
Inferior belly of amohyoid is attached on superior border
near the suprascapular notch.

13. Muscle attached to 3 processes of scapula :-
1. Crest of spine of scapula and border of acromion process.
• Deltoid takes origin from the inferior lip of crest of spine of
scapula and lateral border of acromion process.
• Trapezius is inserted on the upper lip of crest of spine of
and medial border of acromion process.
Coracoid Process –
Coracobrachialis and short head of bicep brachii arises from the
tip of coracoid process.
Pectoralis minor is inserted on the superior surface of coracoid
process

14. Muscel attached to supraglenoid tubercle :-
Supraglenoid tubercle provides origin to long head of bicep
brachii.
Muscle attached to infraglenoid tubercle :-
It provides origin to long head of Triceps.
Muscle attached to inferior angle :-
Its dorsal surface provide attachment to Latissimus dorsii.

15. Ligament attached to the scapula:-
1. Suprascapular Ligament is attached on other end
of the suprascapular notch.
2. Three ligaments are attached to Coracoid process
• Coracohumeral – To the root.
• Coracoacromial – To the lateral border.
• Coracoclavicular – To the conoid and trapezoid part.

17. Ossification :-
The scapula ossifies from one primary centre and
secondary centres.
Applied Anatomy :-
Paralysis of the Serratus anterior cause winging of the
scapula.

18. Thank You