The document summarizes research on extruding quinoa and amaranth into gluten-free snack foods. It describes the objectives of utilizing these grains to produce gluten-free snacks, the materials and methods used, and the results. Key findings include that decreasing particle size and increasing moisture content and screw speed affected the properties of the extrudates, such as color, expansion ratio, and density. Both quinoa and amaranth were able to form cohesive extruded products. The research was supported by the National Science Foundation.
Development of a novel mycelium based bio-composite materialSiva Prasad
The presentation is of my final year project which deals with the development of a novel mycelium-based bio-composite material that has the potential to replace expanded polystyrene in packaging applications. All aspects of development and testing is discussed in detail.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 3: Rice processing and marketing
Mini symposium: Adding value to Africa’s rice: rice-derived products
Author: Mbazzi et al.
ABSTRACT- Twenty two selection indices involving seed yield and six yield components were constructed using the
discriminatnt function technique. The efficiency of selection increased with the inclusion of more number of the characters
in the index. Selection indices were constructed adapting discriminant function which indicated that the maximum
genetic advance and relative efficiency can be obtained when seed yield was included as one of the characters in combination
with all other characters viz., plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches per plant, number of
secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant and test weight. However higher relative efficiency was obtained
when a function yield was included as one of the component character in combination with number of pods per plant,
number of secondary branches per plant and test weight than to a function with all the character in combination with yield.
Key words- Pigeonpea, Genetic advance, Relative efficiency, Genotype
Development of a novel mycelium based bio-composite materialSiva Prasad
The presentation is of my final year project which deals with the development of a novel mycelium-based bio-composite material that has the potential to replace expanded polystyrene in packaging applications. All aspects of development and testing is discussed in detail.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 3: Rice processing and marketing
Mini symposium: Adding value to Africa’s rice: rice-derived products
Author: Mbazzi et al.
ABSTRACT- Twenty two selection indices involving seed yield and six yield components were constructed using the
discriminatnt function technique. The efficiency of selection increased with the inclusion of more number of the characters
in the index. Selection indices were constructed adapting discriminant function which indicated that the maximum
genetic advance and relative efficiency can be obtained when seed yield was included as one of the characters in combination
with all other characters viz., plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches per plant, number of
secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant and test weight. However higher relative efficiency was obtained
when a function yield was included as one of the component character in combination with number of pods per plant,
number of secondary branches per plant and test weight than to a function with all the character in combination with yield.
Key words- Pigeonpea, Genetic advance, Relative efficiency, Genotype
Influence of untreated and treated coir pith on compaction and strength chara...eSAT Journals
Abstract Scarcity of land has led to the improvement of ground by stabilisation so as to utilize the available land, which was once considered unsuitable for construction activities. Many studies have been carried out to improve the ground using natural and synthetic fibres. Industrial and agricultural wastes are used to stabilise the soil as they are easily available and cheap. This can reduce the pollution due to disposal of such wastes. In this study, coir pith is used to stabilise the soil. This paper studies the effect of untreated and untreated coir pith on the compaction and the shear strength characteristics of the soil mixed with coir pith in varying percentages of 0% to 3% with an increment of 0.5%. A slight reduction in the dry density was observed with increase in percentage of coir pith. Whereas the treated coir pith soil mix shows increase in dry density as the pith content increases. It was observed that the optimum moisture content increases with increase in percentage of coir pith till 2% and thereafter decreases. For treated pith-soil mix, OMC decreases at first and then increases. A considerable increase in shear strength was observed after the chemical treatment of coir pith. Keywords: Coir pith, Chemical treatment, Compaction, UCC
Study of properties of banana fiber reinforced compositeseSAT Journals
Abstract Natural fiber composites are nowadays being used in various engineering applications to increase the strength and to optimise the weight and the cost of the product. Various natural fibres such as coir, sisal, jute, coir and banana are used as reinforcement materials. In this paper both treated and untreated banana fiber are taken for the development of the hybrid composite material. The untreated banana fiber is treated by sodium hydroxide to increase the wettability. The untreated banana fiber and sodium hydroxide treated banana fiber are used as reinforcing material for both Epoxy resin matrix and Vinyl ester resin matrix. Coconut shell powder is used along with both untreated and treated banana fiber as a reinforcing material. In this process the banana fiber is treated with 5% of sodium hydroxide for one hour and the specimen is fabricated by hand moulding process. The mould used for fabricating the hybrid composite material is made up of aluminium with a debonding agent applied on the inner side. The banana fiber content is kept constant to 30% of weight fraction of entire composite material. The variation in mechanical properties are studied and analyzed. Here, the tensile strength has calculated by universal testing machine, impact strength has calculated by pendulum impact tester and flexural strength has calculated by universal testing machine with flexural test arrangement of the specimen. Then the treated and untreated specimens are analyzed and compared through Scanning Electron Microscope to study about its adhesion between fiber and resin matrix and surface morphology. Keywords: Natural Fiber Composites, Mechanical Properties, Surface morphology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Mechanical Behaviour of Agricultural Residue Reinforced CompositesScientific Review
The increasing awareness and the quest for newer materials have given renewed interest to the development of green composites. This article focuses on the potential use of abundantly available waste agricultural residue for the preparation of composites. The mechanical properties of Rice straw fibers reinforced with Polyester resin, Vinyl ester resin and Isophthalic polyester resin are studied and compared. Hand Layup technique is used to prepare the samples on which flexural and impact studies are made. Samples are made using different volumetric compositions of fiber and resin. The results show that the Vinyl ester resin and Isophthalic resin offer good mechanical properties when compared to the polyester resin. Both these resins show similar behavior with respect fiber loading. The flexural strength decreases with increasing fiber loading for polyester resin and increasing trend is observed for both vinyl ester and isophthalic resin. Impact strength increases for the increase in fiber loading up to a certain limit and then decreases. It can be concluded from this study that the agro-waste materials are attractive reinforcements from the standpoint of their mechanical properties.
This presentation show about feed technology how to feed and fodder process their History, Principles, classification and some related definition its also helpful to graduate student and post graduate student FEED TECHNOLOGY
Definition
The subject of feed technology deals with processing of feeds, fodders and preparation of formula feeds for which the knowledge of nutritional requirements of various livestock and poultry, quality control of feed ingredients, feed plant management and the storage of feed ingredients and feeds are essential.
Animal feed technology may also be defined as the application of physical, chemical, biochemical, biological and engineering techniques to increase the nutrient utilization of feeds and fodders in animal system for the development of livestock and poultry and feed industry.
Beginning of feed Industry and related Activities in the US:-
• In 1875 Mr. john barwell initiated the production of a calf meal at Blatchford of Waukegan, Illinois.
• American Feed Manufacturers Association (AFMA) was founded in 1909 in Wisconsin and its name was changed to American Feed Industry Association (AFIA) in 1985.
• The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) was established in 1909.
• Linear programming, a mathematical procedure, was developed by George B. Dantzig in 1947.
• W.V. Waugh of USDA was the first to see the potential of this mathematical procedure and developed a least cost dairy feed in 1951.
• Food and drug Administration (FDA) was passed in 1906 in USA.
*Some of the AAFCO Definitions:-
1. Complete feed: - A nutritionally adequate feed for animals other than humans and is capable of maintaining life and / or promoting production without any additional substance, except water.
2. Concentrate:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance of the total and intended to be further diluted and mixed to produce a supplement or a complete feed.
3. Supplement:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance or performance of the total and intended to be (1) fed undiluted as a supplement to other feeds, (2) offered free- choice with other parts of the ration separately available or (3) further diluted and mixed to produce a complete feed.
4. Premix:- A uniform mixture of one or more micro-ingredients with diluents and carrier.
Development of Feed Industry in India:-
• Feed industry came into existence in India in 1961 with the establishment of a feed plant in Ludhiana, Punjab.
• Compound Livestock Feed Manufacturers Association (CLFMA) was formed on 8 June, 1967.
•
Solutions for frozen dough applicationsBob Schumann
Dr. Jayne Bock discusses the challenges of producing frozen dough products and introduces analytical solutions that can help improve product consistency and reduce waste.
* To have a better understanding of cassava as a crop
* To identify key traits for characterization
* Phenotyping skills developed for key traits
* To identify and follow good principles for hybridization work (from parents, crosses, data collection, seed collection storage, delivery and planting)
* To demonstrate unique processes with different trials
* Biotech tools and delivery
* Team work and collaboration
*
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Influence of untreated and treated coir pith on compaction and strength chara...eSAT Journals
Abstract Scarcity of land has led to the improvement of ground by stabilisation so as to utilize the available land, which was once considered unsuitable for construction activities. Many studies have been carried out to improve the ground using natural and synthetic fibres. Industrial and agricultural wastes are used to stabilise the soil as they are easily available and cheap. This can reduce the pollution due to disposal of such wastes. In this study, coir pith is used to stabilise the soil. This paper studies the effect of untreated and untreated coir pith on the compaction and the shear strength characteristics of the soil mixed with coir pith in varying percentages of 0% to 3% with an increment of 0.5%. A slight reduction in the dry density was observed with increase in percentage of coir pith. Whereas the treated coir pith soil mix shows increase in dry density as the pith content increases. It was observed that the optimum moisture content increases with increase in percentage of coir pith till 2% and thereafter decreases. For treated pith-soil mix, OMC decreases at first and then increases. A considerable increase in shear strength was observed after the chemical treatment of coir pith. Keywords: Coir pith, Chemical treatment, Compaction, UCC
Study of properties of banana fiber reinforced compositeseSAT Journals
Abstract Natural fiber composites are nowadays being used in various engineering applications to increase the strength and to optimise the weight and the cost of the product. Various natural fibres such as coir, sisal, jute, coir and banana are used as reinforcement materials. In this paper both treated and untreated banana fiber are taken for the development of the hybrid composite material. The untreated banana fiber is treated by sodium hydroxide to increase the wettability. The untreated banana fiber and sodium hydroxide treated banana fiber are used as reinforcing material for both Epoxy resin matrix and Vinyl ester resin matrix. Coconut shell powder is used along with both untreated and treated banana fiber as a reinforcing material. In this process the banana fiber is treated with 5% of sodium hydroxide for one hour and the specimen is fabricated by hand moulding process. The mould used for fabricating the hybrid composite material is made up of aluminium with a debonding agent applied on the inner side. The banana fiber content is kept constant to 30% of weight fraction of entire composite material. The variation in mechanical properties are studied and analyzed. Here, the tensile strength has calculated by universal testing machine, impact strength has calculated by pendulum impact tester and flexural strength has calculated by universal testing machine with flexural test arrangement of the specimen. Then the treated and untreated specimens are analyzed and compared through Scanning Electron Microscope to study about its adhesion between fiber and resin matrix and surface morphology. Keywords: Natural Fiber Composites, Mechanical Properties, Surface morphology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Mechanical Behaviour of Agricultural Residue Reinforced CompositesScientific Review
The increasing awareness and the quest for newer materials have given renewed interest to the development of green composites. This article focuses on the potential use of abundantly available waste agricultural residue for the preparation of composites. The mechanical properties of Rice straw fibers reinforced with Polyester resin, Vinyl ester resin and Isophthalic polyester resin are studied and compared. Hand Layup technique is used to prepare the samples on which flexural and impact studies are made. Samples are made using different volumetric compositions of fiber and resin. The results show that the Vinyl ester resin and Isophthalic resin offer good mechanical properties when compared to the polyester resin. Both these resins show similar behavior with respect fiber loading. The flexural strength decreases with increasing fiber loading for polyester resin and increasing trend is observed for both vinyl ester and isophthalic resin. Impact strength increases for the increase in fiber loading up to a certain limit and then decreases. It can be concluded from this study that the agro-waste materials are attractive reinforcements from the standpoint of their mechanical properties.
This presentation show about feed technology how to feed and fodder process their History, Principles, classification and some related definition its also helpful to graduate student and post graduate student FEED TECHNOLOGY
Definition
The subject of feed technology deals with processing of feeds, fodders and preparation of formula feeds for which the knowledge of nutritional requirements of various livestock and poultry, quality control of feed ingredients, feed plant management and the storage of feed ingredients and feeds are essential.
Animal feed technology may also be defined as the application of physical, chemical, biochemical, biological and engineering techniques to increase the nutrient utilization of feeds and fodders in animal system for the development of livestock and poultry and feed industry.
Beginning of feed Industry and related Activities in the US:-
• In 1875 Mr. john barwell initiated the production of a calf meal at Blatchford of Waukegan, Illinois.
• American Feed Manufacturers Association (AFMA) was founded in 1909 in Wisconsin and its name was changed to American Feed Industry Association (AFIA) in 1985.
• The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) was established in 1909.
• Linear programming, a mathematical procedure, was developed by George B. Dantzig in 1947.
• W.V. Waugh of USDA was the first to see the potential of this mathematical procedure and developed a least cost dairy feed in 1951.
• Food and drug Administration (FDA) was passed in 1906 in USA.
*Some of the AAFCO Definitions:-
1. Complete feed: - A nutritionally adequate feed for animals other than humans and is capable of maintaining life and / or promoting production without any additional substance, except water.
2. Concentrate:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance of the total and intended to be further diluted and mixed to produce a supplement or a complete feed.
3. Supplement:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance or performance of the total and intended to be (1) fed undiluted as a supplement to other feeds, (2) offered free- choice with other parts of the ration separately available or (3) further diluted and mixed to produce a complete feed.
4. Premix:- A uniform mixture of one or more micro-ingredients with diluents and carrier.
Development of Feed Industry in India:-
• Feed industry came into existence in India in 1961 with the establishment of a feed plant in Ludhiana, Punjab.
• Compound Livestock Feed Manufacturers Association (CLFMA) was formed on 8 June, 1967.
•
Solutions for frozen dough applicationsBob Schumann
Dr. Jayne Bock discusses the challenges of producing frozen dough products and introduces analytical solutions that can help improve product consistency and reduce waste.
* To have a better understanding of cassava as a crop
* To identify key traits for characterization
* Phenotyping skills developed for key traits
* To identify and follow good principles for hybridization work (from parents, crosses, data collection, seed collection storage, delivery and planting)
* To demonstrate unique processes with different trials
* Biotech tools and delivery
* Team work and collaboration
*
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Envirolizer Natural Mineral PresentationDennis Cortez
The Ultimate Solution for Plant Growth - Made from 100% Natural Minerals. Envirolizer foliar fertilizer is a natural mineral plant growth enhancer and adaptogen. It contains finely micronized and augmented natural calcite consisting of calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, and calcite-related minerals such as dolomite [magnesium calcium carbonate; CaMg(CO3)2] and ankerite [CaM(CO3)2; M= Mn, Zn, Fe].
Poster prepared by Ben Lukuyu, Fred Kizito, Peter Thorne and Bekunda Mateete for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Supercharging Yield Performance with Foliar TechnologiesAgricen
Watch the Webinar: http://info.agricen.com/watch-the-foliar-webinar-2015
Key Attributes of Foliar Applied Products
The purpose of foliar feeding IS NOT to replace soil fertilization
Means of compensating for soil or environmentally induced nutrient deficiencies
Highly efficient and timely method of applying needed plant nutrients
Precise and efficient way to address micronutrient deficiencies
Biomass Opportunities for Agricultural Operations: Feed, Fuel, and BeddingUniversity of Minnesota
This presentation by the Agricultural Utilization and Research Institute (AURI) covers: [1] new and existing biomass product opportunities; [2] project examples; [3] utilizing biomass for thermal requirements; [4] alternative feeds; and [5] what's on the horizon.
Similar to SBPP Extrusion Poster Final Draft PDF (20)
Biomass Opportunities for Agricultural Operations: Feed, Fuel, and Bedding
SBPP Extrusion Poster Final Draft PDF
1. The material presented here is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. EEC-1004227. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, nor of Iowa State University.
2013 NSF REU: Sustainable Biomass Production & Processing
Department of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering
Extrusion of Gluten-Free Snack Foods
Caitlin Gearhart, Dr. Kurt Rosentrater
Iowa State University
Project Rationale & Goals
• The overall goal of this project was to utilize quinoa and amaranth to produce gluten-free snack
foods.
• This is an issue of importance because an increasing number of people are choosing gluten free
diets for medical or personal reasons and the production of snack foods in this category has great
potential.
• The specific objectives included successfully extruding each of the grains, then measuring color,
unit density, expansion ratio, and pellet durability of the products.
Materials & Methods
• The ingredients used were quinoa and amaranth.
• A portion of each grain was left raw. The rest was ground to particle sizes of 1mm and 2mm
using a laboratory mill (Wiley).
• Each ingredient was mixed to moisture contents of 20% and 40% db.
• Extrusion was completed using a single-screw extruder (Brabender).
• Each ingredient was extruded at screw speeds of 50rpm and 100rpm, resulting in 12 different
treatments.
Acknowledgements
• We would like to thank the National Science Foundation for making this research project
possible by funding the Sustainable Production and Processing Systems for Biomass-Derived
Fuels of the Future Research Experience for Undergrads program.
• Acknowledgements also to Dr. Raj Raman and Dr. Michelle Soupir for directing, and to
MaryAnn Moore for coordinating this program.
Conclusions
• Particle size and moisture content of the raw product affect the properties of the
extrudates.
• Screw speed of the extruder also has an effect on the properties of the products.
• Quinoa and amaranth are both capable of individually forming a cohesive product via
extrusion processing.
Results & Discussion
As the particle size
decreased:
• The a* and b* values
decreased in the
extrudates.
As the moisture content
increased:
• The a* value of the extrudates
increased.
• There was a decrease in the
extrudates’ expansion ratio.
As the screw speed
increased:
• The extrudates’ L* value
decreased.
• There was in increase in b*
for the extrudates.
Figure 1: Raw quinoa (above) and extrudates
(below) for treatments 2, 6, and 10, respectively
Table 1: Experimental protocol including treatment numbers and
dependent variables.
As the particle size
decreased:
• There was a decrease in
the extrudates’ a* and b*
values.
As the moisture content increased:
• The expansion ratio of the
extrudates decreased.
• The extrudates’ unit density and
durability increased.
As the screw speed
increased:
• The L* and b* values of
the extrudates increased.
Figure 4: Raw amaranth (above) and extrudates
(below) for treatments 2, 6, and 10, respectively
Figure 2: Brabender single-screw extruder used to
extrude blends. Conditions included a 3 mm die and
a screw compression ratio of 1:1.
Table 4: Temperatures
measured at the die,
transition, and feed zones
for the extrusion of quinoa.
Table 5: Temperatures
measured at the die,
transition, and feed zones
for the extrusion of amaranth.
Table 3: Amaranth Properties
Table 2: Quinoa Properties
Figure 3: Infrared picture of the extruder’s
temperature. All heat was caused solely by
friction, as no additional heat was added.
Figure 5: Relationships among all dependent variables. Some clustering was evident due to
the different moisture contents. The behavior of quinoa was different than that of amaranth.
Quinoa Extrudates Amaranth Extrudates