This document provides an overview of biochemical engineering. It defines related fields like biotechnology, biomedical engineering, and biological engineering. Biochemical engineering uses chemical engineering principles for systems involving biocatalysts like cells and enzymes. Examples are given of industries like food and beverage production, pharmaceuticals, and industrial chemicals. Challenges include maintaining sterile conditions for cells, separating dilute products, and designing reactors for oxygen transfer. Opportunities exist for engineers to work across biology, chemistry and engineering in industries like bioproducts.
Lentikats Biotechnology é uma tecnologia revolucionária de encapsulamento que confere aos microrganismos (bactérias, leveduras, fungos) e enzimas características únicas necessárias para novas aplicações e inovações em bioprocessos.
Confira detalhes na vitrine de tecnologias da BiorrefinariaTec, uma plataforma de inovação aberta especializada no desenvolvimento das Biorrefinarias.
www.biorrefinariatec.com/vitrine
Fermentative metabolism and development of bioprocessing technology, processi...Ananya Sinha
This ppt includes, fermentation, the metabolism, the bioprocessor, it's technology, and the recombinant products. It connects all these topics together. The outline for plants and animals is nearly same
A BUSINESS PROPOSAL FOR SLAUGHTER HOUSE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MYSORE MUNICIPAL ...prakheeshc
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
There are around 8 Tonne to 10 Tonnes of Slaughterhouse waste produced daily in the slaughter houses which perform slaughtering and dressing in limits of MYSORE Municipal Corporation. Slaughterhouse waste need significant treatment for a sustainable and safe discharge to the environment due tothe high content of organics and nutrients. Therefore, the treatment and final disposal of Slaughterhouse waste are a public health necessity. Slaughterhouse waste has become a major source of pollution in the State of Karnataka. Meat processing effluents are becoming one of the major agribusinesses concerns due to the vast amount of water used during slaughtering, processing, and cleaning of the slaughtering facilities. Slaughterhouse waste management system is very poor and several measures are being taken for the effective management of wastes generated. There are hardly any chicken stalls in the state with their own waste management systems. Scientific disposal of such waste is quite expensive and is the reason why they cannot have their own waste management system. Presently the stall owners pay people to have the waste dumped intorivers, streams, roads side etc. There are groups of people engaged in this activity.
a. LAWS
Slaughterhouse without waste management system will not be issued license as per the new food safety standard Act. Hotels are not permitted to buy meat from unlicensed stalls. In such a situation, a number of slaughterhouse will have to shut their shops. To avoid this, centralised poultry waste management system is the only solution. Dry rendering plants (Dehydration System) for every district will be a proper solution.
b. DEHYDRATION SYSTEM
The waste including the feathers undergoes process of hydrolysis by which it is cooked and broken down. Being processed under high pressure and at high temperature renders the waste free of any microbes. Cyclone separator, condenser, scrubber, ETP (Effluent treatment plant), Bio filter and chimney ensure that there is no environmental pollution.
The processing of a batch takes about 4 to 5 hours and 4 such batches can be processed per day totalling to 15 Tonnes waste can be processed per day.
2. COMPANY PROFILE AND QUALIFICATIONS
Company Name SLICE UP ORGANIC PRODUCT PVT LTD.
Company Category Company limited by Shares
Company Sub Category Non-govt company
Date of Incorporation 20-11-2021
Registered Address SLICE UP ORGANIC PRODUCT PVT LTD.. Muttil
North, Wayanad.
ABOUT US
We started our journey in the field of Rendering plant focused on poultry rendering plants since 2021 as a Private Limited Company. As of now we had supplied poultry meal to almost many companies all over India. Company is running 2 rendering plants at Wayanad and Kollam .
Qualifications of the Company
1. Our Company and its teams are experienced in the field of Installation, Maintenance, Running of the Rendering Unit.
2. Our Company Slice Up Organic Product PVT LTD is an Innovator who strives to int
The presentation talks about the basics of bioprocess. Describes what is fermentation? Also lists the different modes of fermentation and the basis for selection of type of reactor. General requirements for a fermentation process. Components of a reactor
Nw biotech fundamentals day 2 session 2 industrial applications and cleantechNicholas Weston Lawyers
In this presentation:
• Definition of Industrial applications and clean-tech
• The technical stages of product development project
• The state of the art – key drivers of innovation
• Regulatory nuances
• Pre-clinical and in the clinic issues
• Future trends
• Challenges and opportunities
• Case studies and examples
Lentikats Biotechnology é uma tecnologia revolucionária de encapsulamento que confere aos microrganismos (bactérias, leveduras, fungos) e enzimas características únicas necessárias para novas aplicações e inovações em bioprocessos.
Confira detalhes na vitrine de tecnologias da BiorrefinariaTec, uma plataforma de inovação aberta especializada no desenvolvimento das Biorrefinarias.
www.biorrefinariatec.com/vitrine
Fermentative metabolism and development of bioprocessing technology, processi...Ananya Sinha
This ppt includes, fermentation, the metabolism, the bioprocessor, it's technology, and the recombinant products. It connects all these topics together. The outline for plants and animals is nearly same
A BUSINESS PROPOSAL FOR SLAUGHTER HOUSE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MYSORE MUNICIPAL ...prakheeshc
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
There are around 8 Tonne to 10 Tonnes of Slaughterhouse waste produced daily in the slaughter houses which perform slaughtering and dressing in limits of MYSORE Municipal Corporation. Slaughterhouse waste need significant treatment for a sustainable and safe discharge to the environment due tothe high content of organics and nutrients. Therefore, the treatment and final disposal of Slaughterhouse waste are a public health necessity. Slaughterhouse waste has become a major source of pollution in the State of Karnataka. Meat processing effluents are becoming one of the major agribusinesses concerns due to the vast amount of water used during slaughtering, processing, and cleaning of the slaughtering facilities. Slaughterhouse waste management system is very poor and several measures are being taken for the effective management of wastes generated. There are hardly any chicken stalls in the state with their own waste management systems. Scientific disposal of such waste is quite expensive and is the reason why they cannot have their own waste management system. Presently the stall owners pay people to have the waste dumped intorivers, streams, roads side etc. There are groups of people engaged in this activity.
a. LAWS
Slaughterhouse without waste management system will not be issued license as per the new food safety standard Act. Hotels are not permitted to buy meat from unlicensed stalls. In such a situation, a number of slaughterhouse will have to shut their shops. To avoid this, centralised poultry waste management system is the only solution. Dry rendering plants (Dehydration System) for every district will be a proper solution.
b. DEHYDRATION SYSTEM
The waste including the feathers undergoes process of hydrolysis by which it is cooked and broken down. Being processed under high pressure and at high temperature renders the waste free of any microbes. Cyclone separator, condenser, scrubber, ETP (Effluent treatment plant), Bio filter and chimney ensure that there is no environmental pollution.
The processing of a batch takes about 4 to 5 hours and 4 such batches can be processed per day totalling to 15 Tonnes waste can be processed per day.
2. COMPANY PROFILE AND QUALIFICATIONS
Company Name SLICE UP ORGANIC PRODUCT PVT LTD.
Company Category Company limited by Shares
Company Sub Category Non-govt company
Date of Incorporation 20-11-2021
Registered Address SLICE UP ORGANIC PRODUCT PVT LTD.. Muttil
North, Wayanad.
ABOUT US
We started our journey in the field of Rendering plant focused on poultry rendering plants since 2021 as a Private Limited Company. As of now we had supplied poultry meal to almost many companies all over India. Company is running 2 rendering plants at Wayanad and Kollam .
Qualifications of the Company
1. Our Company and its teams are experienced in the field of Installation, Maintenance, Running of the Rendering Unit.
2. Our Company Slice Up Organic Product PVT LTD is an Innovator who strives to int
The presentation talks about the basics of bioprocess. Describes what is fermentation? Also lists the different modes of fermentation and the basis for selection of type of reactor. General requirements for a fermentation process. Components of a reactor
Nw biotech fundamentals day 2 session 2 industrial applications and cleantechNicholas Weston Lawyers
In this presentation:
• Definition of Industrial applications and clean-tech
• The technical stages of product development project
• The state of the art – key drivers of innovation
• Regulatory nuances
• Pre-clinical and in the clinic issues
• Future trends
• Challenges and opportunities
• Case studies and examples
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2. Outline
• What is biochemical engineering?
• The catalysts
• Relationship to engineering
• Historical perspective: penicillin
• The industry: facts
• The industry:
• Food, beer and wine
• Industrial chemicals
• Pharmaceuticals
3. Some definitions….
• Biotechnology: use or development of methods of direct genetic
manipulation for a socially desirable goal. Sometimes a broader
definition is used, where biotechnology is applied biology.
• Biomedical Engineering: engineering on systems to improve human
health
• Bioengineering, biological engineering: work on medical or
agricultural systems, draws on electrical, mechanical, industrial and
chemical engineers.
• Biochemical Engineering: extension of chemical engineering
principles to systems using a biocatalyst to bring about desired
chemical transformation.
4. The story of penicillin
Alexander Fleming's photo of the dish with
bacteria and Penicillin mold, 1928
5.
6. The story of penicillin
1928 1940’s
Discovered by
Alexander Fleming
Chemical synthesis
proved to be too difficult
Fermentation
route was chosen
Efforts to increase production
•cell line selection
•medium optimization
•process development
Full scale production
15+ years
10. Cell as a bioreactor
Product :
cells
small molecule
enzyme
A
P
C
D etc.
?
Reactor inside a reactor Separation
reactor
A
P
cell
B
C
D
E P
A
11. Bioprocesses are “special”…….
• Cells are living organisms that require specific conditions
for growth, production
• Cells grow in culture medium (nutrients) that may
support other cell types (contamination)
• Bioproducts are often sensitive to external conditions (T,
pH) and can easily be destroyed (separations)
• Product is generally very dilute in bioreactor medium
• Many byproducts in medium to remove
12. ….but they have their advantages!
• Cells will often perform reactions that are too difficult to
do synthetically (penicillin)
• Cells can turn basic nutrients (for example, agricultural
waste) into valuable products
• Amazing diversity of products from cells
• Cells can be modified to increase product diversity even
more!
• Enzymes are highly specific catalysts with high catalytic
power
13. Industry
B.Sc. M.S. Ph.D.
2000 1991 2000 1991 2000 1991
Chemical 26.7 43.7 24.1 38.1 28.4 46
Fuels 12.6 21.2 8.5 16.1 7.6 15.3
Electronics 15.6 2.4 22.8 3.2 19 4.8
Food/Consumer Products 11.4 7.2 4.5 4.5 2.8 5.6
Materials 3.3 2.7 7.1 5.8 6.2 5.6
Biotech and Related
Industries 6.9 3.1 14.7 7.7 19.4 4
Pulp and Paper 2.4 5.1 1.3 3.2 0.9 0.8
Engineering Services 9.8 8.2 10.7 14.9 6.6 11.3
Business Services and
Other*
11.2 6.4 6.3 6.4 9 6.5
AIChE Career Services Dept, 8/25/00
Engineering Employment Trends –
14. Industry in Canada: Biotechnology
• 358 Biotech companies in Canada in 1999
• $1.9 billion in revenue
• 7695 people employed
• 70% are located in the health or agri foods
sectors
• more than 2500 biotech patent applications
every year in Canada
15. Industry in Canada: Bioproducts
Firms that produce fuels, chemicals, materials and
specialty products using biological feedstocks and
bioprocesses
ex. alcohol from agricultural and forest feedstock, enzyme
production companies
•75-100 companies that undertake R&D and
manufacturing
•$100-150 million in sales each year
•1500-2000 people employed
•Very young industry!!
16. Industry in Canada: Medical Devices
• 800 manufacturing firms in 2000 (90%
Canadian-owned)
• 3.1 billion in revenue, 1.6 billion of which
were exports
• 18,000 people employed
• ex) cardiovascular devices and treatments
such as heart valves and ECG systems
• in vitro diagnostics; imaging; dental
implants and materials
17. Industry in Canada: Chemicals
• In 2000, there were 1,200 establishments
operating in Canada.
• They employed approximately 72,500
employees.
• Canadian shipments in 2000 were valued
at $30.2 billion
20. Fermentation
• A form of anaerobic respiration occurring in certain
microorganisms (ex. yeasts)
• Alcoholic fermentation is a series of biochemical
reactions by which pyruvate is converted to ethanol and
CO2.
22. C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2
• Common yeast saccharomyces cerevisae used in making wine,
beer, bread by above reaction.
• Different strains of yeast can tolerate different alcohol
concentrations.
• Theoretically, 180 g of sugar will produce 92 g of ethanol
Actual yield is only 84.6 g of ethanol
• EtOH (20C) = 0.789 g/mL
• volume of ethanol = 84.6 g x mL = 107.2 mL
0.789 g
• volume of the alcohol and water contracts by 0.7% so
107.2 mL x 1.007 = 108 mL for an overall alcohol
concentration of 10.8% (v/v:108/1000).
23.
24. • Brix (B0) is a density measurement that indicates the
percentage of sugar in 100 g of a sugar-water solution.
Brix can be calculated by:
• Brix = [g sugar/(g sugar + g water)] x 100
• Brix units can be used to predict the alcohol content in
wine.
• % potential alcohol (v/v) = 0.57 x Brixinitial
25. Beer making
• Malting: grains (barley, rice) are steeped in water until
germination and then dried before a plant develops. The starches in
the grains get converted to sugars by enzymes.
• Brewing: finely ground malt is turned into a sweetened liquid
by adding warm water added and heating to around 75o where the
sugars get dissolved. Grain is filtered out, and its boiled for
sterilization and concentration (wort)
• Fermentation: the yeast turns the sugar in the wort into
alcohol, a process that takes about 10 days.
26. Wine making
(1) Yeast Proliferation - aerobic
oxygen is needed to sterol production
increased yeast robustness
(2) Initial Fermentation - anaerobic
sugar is converted to alcohol
duration times typically 5 - 12 days
(3) Secondary Fermentation - malolactic
lactic bacteria metabolize malic acid to lactic acid
lowered acidity and wine “softening” occurs
very typical for red wines
30. Stone washing denim
Denim is faded by
abrasive action of
pumice stones
Indigo dye adheres
to denim surface
Cellulase enzyme
removes some of the dye
by partially hydrolyzing the
cotton surface
•new looks
•lower costs
•shorter treatment times
•less solid waste
•weakens the fabric
traditional
method
new method
31. Detergents
• Detergent industry is the largest single market for enzymes
at 25 - 30% of total sales
• Dirt comes in many forms and includes proteins, starches
and lipids (fats and oils)
• proteases, amylases, lipases are enzymes used in
detergents
• enzymes allows lower temperatures and less agitation for
washing
Inner core of enzyme plus
preservative bound with CMC
Protective waxy coat that
disperses in the wash
33. Agricultural
Examples:
• Recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST)
for increasing milk production
• Bio-insecticides for crop protection
• Phyto-vanilla(tm) flavor derived from tissue
culture
34. Environment
• Cleanup of hazardous waste sites using
bacteria that feed on pollutants
• Bacteria used for bio-remediation
• wastewater treatment
• Biosensors: use biological activity to
detect toxic substances
• RIS® Water tests: antibody based kit to
detect low level of solvents such as
benzene
37. Phase II clinical trials
in 100 to 300 patients
The Drug Development and Approval Process
The drug discovery and approval process takes and average of
15 years and costs almost $400 million
source: Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Washington DC, 1996
Discovery of
a promising
compound
Preclinical testing
in animals
Phase III clinical trials
in 1000 to 3000
patients
FDA review and
approval
Drug may be
prescribed by
physicians
1 year
3 years 19 months
6.5 years 2 years
Phase I clinical trials
in healthy volunteers
38. Products
• Small molecules and metabolites
• antibiotics
• Protein drugs
• Vaccines
• Antibodies, Monoclonal antibodies (MAb)
How?
Recombinant DNA technology means bacteria and
yeast can produce human proteins like insulin
40. 2005 World market for biopharmaceuticals
Enbrel Rheumatoid arthritis
and psoriasis
Amgen/Wyeth $3,657 US
mil
Procrit/Ep
rex
Stimulation of red blood
cells for treatment of
anemia in HIV patients
Johnson&Johnson/Ortho
Biotech
$ 3,324 US
mil
Aranesp Stimulation of red blood
cells for treatment of
anemia associated with
chronic renal failure
Amgen $ 3,273 US
mil
Rituxan Leukemia and non-
Hodgins lymphoma
Genentech/Roche/Biogen $ 3,154 US
mil
Remicade Rheumatoid arthritis
and Crohn’s disease
Johnson&Johnson/Centoco
r/Schering Plough
$ 2,535 US
mil
41. Epogen Stimulation of red blood
cells for treatment of
anemia associated with
chronic renal failure
Amgen $ 2,455 US
mil
Neulasta Stimulation of
production of white
blood cells for protection
against chemotherapy
complications
Amgen $ 2,288 US
mil
NeoRecor
mon/Epog
in
Stimulation of red blood
cells
Genentech/Roche/Chugai $ 1,710 US
mil
Herceptin Breast cancer Genentech/Roche $ 1,629 US
mil
Avonex MS Biogen IDEC $ 1,543 US
mil
44. New challenges….
Increasingly, bacteria
and yeast cannot
correctly form the
human protein:
animal cell culture
ex) mouse cells
require even more
careful treatment
Large quantities???
45. Opportunities for you?
The Bioproducts industry “needs staff that
bridge the key disciplines of biology,
chemistry and engineering”
Canada’s Innovation Strategy , 2001
Government of Canada
Bioproducts Sector Profile
46. Main Issues
• Types of reactors to provide high oxygen transfer
• Appropriate cell and medium selection
• Sterilization and maintaining sterility, no cross
contamination
• In pharma, product purity and quality impedes process
change
• Cells and molecules are sensitive to extreme conditions
• Growth rate and reaction rates are small
• Product is usually very dilute
• Non traditional methods of separation
• Often batch operations