This document provides an overview of Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) in SAP. It discusses key MRP concepts like master data, planning procedures, lot sizing, and the planning process. MRP aims to optimize availability by planning procurement and production to meet internal and sales demands. The planning process involves generating requirements, creating planned orders, and scheduling based on a run of the MRP system. Lot sizing procedures determine optimal procurement or production quantities.
SAP APO SNP Training
Supply Network Planning is a set of functionalities around Distribution Requirement Planning, Deployment, Demand and Supply Matching and Optimization. It is a module in the Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO) that enables organizations to determine sourcing, production plans, distribution plans, and purchasing plans. The system draws on the data universally available in liveCache to optimize such plans based on optimization algorithms and heuristic approaches that enable the planner to define rules and inventory policies.
This is a 35-40 hours course starting with an overview of the SOP, MPS and MRP Processes, followed with the master data needed for the process. It then continues with the configuration of the different planning objects, the functionality of the different planning engines and the end-to-end process.
The course includes the case studies and exercises starting with the network design, creation of Models, simulation versions etc.
SAP Production Planning and Execution presentationAnkur Aggarwal
SAP PP (Production Planning) encompass all activities like Material Requirement Planning (MRP), Bills of Material (BOM), Routings, Automatic material requisitions based on MRP, capacity planning. Production Planning module is fully integrated with other SAP Modules
This is a highlevel view of PP.
For more comprehensive details, please checkout: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B083C3X8YY ERP Made Simple: ERP Explained in 80 Pages or Less
Sales & Operations Planning (SOP) is a flexible forecasting and planning tool with which sales, production, and other supply chain targets can be set on the basis of historical, existing, and estimated future data.
Use SOP to streamline and consolidate your company’s sales and production operations.
SOP is particularly suitable for long- and medium-term planning.
SOP is made up of two components.
1. Standard SOP
2. Flexible planning..
SCM-APO-PP/DS-Production Planning and Detailed SchedulingAJAY
APO Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling is a set of functionalities around Inhouse Production Planning, External Procurement Planning, Resource Scheduling and Sequence Optimization.
PPDS is primarily divided in two areas - Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling. This component has the highest amount of integration between APO and the OLTP (R/3 or ERP) system for real-time transaction data transfer back and forth. This is made possible by a standard interface from SAP named Core Interface Function.
PP/DS is more used for finite optimization at a plant level by optimizing the resources, materials and manpower. It considers all the finite constraints in more detail and allows the planners to generate a day-to-day finite schedule, resource loading charts etc.
In this guide (screenshots + descriptions), MRP Steps with exemplary data is covered in SAP.
Visit http://sapdocs.info/sap/production-planning/sap-pp-mrp-user-training-document-pdf/ for free download
SAP APO SNP Training
Supply Network Planning is a set of functionalities around Distribution Requirement Planning, Deployment, Demand and Supply Matching and Optimization. It is a module in the Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO) that enables organizations to determine sourcing, production plans, distribution plans, and purchasing plans. The system draws on the data universally available in liveCache to optimize such plans based on optimization algorithms and heuristic approaches that enable the planner to define rules and inventory policies.
This is a 35-40 hours course starting with an overview of the SOP, MPS and MRP Processes, followed with the master data needed for the process. It then continues with the configuration of the different planning objects, the functionality of the different planning engines and the end-to-end process.
The course includes the case studies and exercises starting with the network design, creation of Models, simulation versions etc.
SAP Production Planning and Execution presentationAnkur Aggarwal
SAP PP (Production Planning) encompass all activities like Material Requirement Planning (MRP), Bills of Material (BOM), Routings, Automatic material requisitions based on MRP, capacity planning. Production Planning module is fully integrated with other SAP Modules
This is a highlevel view of PP.
For more comprehensive details, please checkout: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B083C3X8YY ERP Made Simple: ERP Explained in 80 Pages or Less
Sales & Operations Planning (SOP) is a flexible forecasting and planning tool with which sales, production, and other supply chain targets can be set on the basis of historical, existing, and estimated future data.
Use SOP to streamline and consolidate your company’s sales and production operations.
SOP is particularly suitable for long- and medium-term planning.
SOP is made up of two components.
1. Standard SOP
2. Flexible planning..
SCM-APO-PP/DS-Production Planning and Detailed SchedulingAJAY
APO Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling is a set of functionalities around Inhouse Production Planning, External Procurement Planning, Resource Scheduling and Sequence Optimization.
PPDS is primarily divided in two areas - Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling. This component has the highest amount of integration between APO and the OLTP (R/3 or ERP) system for real-time transaction data transfer back and forth. This is made possible by a standard interface from SAP named Core Interface Function.
PP/DS is more used for finite optimization at a plant level by optimizing the resources, materials and manpower. It considers all the finite constraints in more detail and allows the planners to generate a day-to-day finite schedule, resource loading charts etc.
In this guide (screenshots + descriptions), MRP Steps with exemplary data is covered in SAP.
Visit http://sapdocs.info/sap/production-planning/sap-pp-mrp-user-training-document-pdf/ for free download
This is an operation management assignment which covers mrp & erp topics with detail.
This is a bookish topic which we find in operations management book & describe it with the help of internet & mind. This presentation describe all the factors of mrp & erp & also represent graphs. This topics explains processes of mrp & erp. Bill of materials, inventory records, planned order receipt, planned order release, primary Reports, secondary reports.
SCM 304 Supply Chain Management Material Requirements .docxbagotjesusa
SCM 304
Supply Chain Management
Material Requirements
Planning (MRP)
12-2
MRP
•Material requirements planning (MRP):
– A computer-based information system that
translates master schedule requirements for
end items into time-phased requirements for
subassemblies, components, and raw
materials.
– The MRP is designed to answer three
questions:
1. What is needed?
2. How much is needed?
3. When is it needed?
MRP Objectives
• Improve customer service
• Reduce inventory
investment
• Improve coordinating
production and thus, plant
operating efficiency
3
MRP Inputs MRP Processing MRP Output
Master
Production
Schedule
Bill-of-
Materials
File
Inventory
Records
File
MRP
Computer
Programs
Changes
Order Release
Planned-Order
Schedules
Exception
Reports
Planning Reports
Performance
Control Reports
Inventory
Transactions
Order
Forecast
Design
Changes
Receipts
Withdrawal
P
ri
m
a
ry
R
e
p
o
rt
S
e
c
o
n
d
a
ry
R
e
p
o
rt
Overview of MRP
Master Production Scheduling
• The master schedule deals with end items and is a
major input to the MRP process.
• All production systems have limited capacity and
limited resources.
– The aggregate plan provides the general range of operation;
the master scheduler must specify exactly what is to be
produced.
• To determine an acceptable feasible schedule to be
released to the shop, trial master production
schedules are tested using the MRP program.
5
Electronic Industry (10,000 Items)
Product Group
TV (19”, 32”, …, 72”) 1000
Computer 5000
Cell Phone 2000
Others 2000
Total 10,000
6
This is an example of an electronic
industry produces 10000 items. We can
break them into 4 group of products in
creating aggregate plan.
12-7
Master Schedule
TV WK1 WK2 WK3 WK4 WK5 WK6 WK7 WK8
19” 10 30 80 0 10 10 0 20
32” 30 10 0 50 5 0 80 40
72” … …. … … … … … …
Other
Sizes
… … … … … … … …
Total = 1000
This slide displays one of the groups in our agregate plan (TV) in demand for
individual items during 8 weeks and it is called Master Schedule. It showes what
to produce, when to make them, and how much.
12-8
Disaggregating the Aggregate
Plan
• Master schedule:
– The result of disaggregating an aggregate
plan
– Shows quantity and timing of specific end
items for a scheduled horizon
From Aggregate plan to
MPS
• MPS: Time-phased plan specifying how
many and when the firm plans to build
each end item
Aggregate Plan
(Product Groups)
MPS
(Specific End Items)
9
From Aggregate plan to MPS
10
Week
Aggregate plan shows
overall quantities to
produce – without
specifying type.
MPS shows quantities of
each type, with
information about the
production time frame.
12-11
MRP: Development
• The MRP is based on the product structure tree diagram
• Requirements are determined level by level, beginning
with the end item and w.
Computer – Aided process planning (CAPP),What is process planning ,Difficulties in traditional process planning, approaches to CAPP ,Machinability data systems, Database systems, Benefits of CAPP.
What is process planning .Difficulties in traditional process planning,CAPP Model,Types of CAPP ,1.Retrieval type CAPP (variant) systems.
2.Generative CAPP systems.
3.Hybrid CAPP systems.
Process planning system , Machinability data systems , Benefits of CAPP
Material requirements planning (MRP) is a production planning, scheduling, and inventory control system used to manage manufacturing processes. Most MRP systems are software-based, but it is possible to conduct MRP by hand as well. ... Plan manufacturing activities, delivery schedules and purchasing activities.
Introduction of material resource planning,The basic MRP concepts , Inputs to MRP ,1.Master production Schedule ,2.Bill-of-materials file, 3 .Inventor Record File ,MRP output Records, benefits of MRP , Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP),inputs to the CRP ,major outputs of CRP ,Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP),stages of ERP
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2. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
3. The main objective of MRP is to guarantee material availability.
MRP is required to procure or produce the required quantities on
time for internal purpose or for SALES.
WHY MRP ?
• Optimizing service level
• Minimizing costs and capital lockup.
What is MRP..
4. MRP at plant or MRP Area level
• With MRP at plant level, the system considers stocks from the storage locations within
the plant, excluding the stocks already reserved.
• In case of MRP area level, the stocks from the storage locations belonging to this MRP
area as defined can be taken for planning to generate the requirements.
• MRP area planning helps in cases where one wants to restrict the planning to certain
storage locations.
Lot-Sizing and MRP Procedures
Different lot sizing can be combined with different MRP’s.
Automatic Planning Run
• This is done automatically wherein the requirements are generated.
• The system generates messages in case of critical situations which can be addressed
later after the run.
MRP can be done in several ways:
7. MRP Process flow
S & D gives concrete customer requirements from the market.
In Demand Management, sales are planned in advance via a sales forecast. The
result is the independent requirement, i.e., the requirement for the finished product.
In order to cover these requirements, MRP runs and calculates procurement
quantities and dates as well as plans the corresponding procurement elements.
If a material is produced in-house, the system also calculates the dependent
requirements, that is, the quantity of components required to produce the finished
product or the assembly, by exploding the BOM. If a material shortage exists,
planned orders are created at every BOM level to cover requirements.
Production orders or Purchase orders are created.
8. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
9. Master data for MRP
The following elements are required for MRP:
• Material master
• Bills of material
• Work centre ( in-house production)
• Routings ( in-house production)
• Demand management
• Sales and distribution (optional)
10. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
12. Material requirements planning
1. It uses current and future sales figures.
2. The system calculates the requirements based on the warehouse stock,
receipts, etc.
3. If externally procured then procurement proposals; if internal production
then it leads to creation of planned orders, and also dependent
requirements are calculated.
4. The best thing about this is that it leads to minimization of inventory,
which leads to reduction of costs involved.
13. Master production scheduling
1. It is for used specifically for critical resources.
2. A separate run occurs for the MPS items, they are not included in the
MRP run.
3. Basically, it ensures the availability of the critical resources which should
not hamper the production by maintaining the stock
4. It also provides the facility to work on the production plan interactively.
15. Consumption based planning
1. It uses the past consumption data to calculate the future requirements.
2. It has no relation with the independent or dependent requirement
instead it is triggered when the stock falls below the reorder point or by
forecast requirements.
It has three types of MRP procedures:
• Re-order point planning.
• Forecast based planning.
• Time phased planning.
16. Re-order Point Planning
• Procurement is triggered when the sum of plant stock and firmed
receipts fall below the reorder point.
• Reorder point covers the material requirements during replenishment
lead time.
• The safety stock takes care of both excess material consumption within
the replenishment lead time and any additional requirements that may
occur due to delivery delays
17. Re-order Point Planning
Re-order point is defined by :-
• Safety stock
• Replenishment lead time.
• Average consumption.
Safety stock is defined by :
• Past consumption data.
• Vendor/ production delivery timelines.
• Service level.
• Forecast error.
19. Re-order Point Planning
• Manual Reorder point planning
Formula=(procurement processing time+planned delivery time+GR
processing time) + Safety stock
• Automatic reorder point planning
20. Brief of some MRP Types
Some of the major types:
MPS
M0– MPS
MRP
PD– MRP
Time phased
R1– Time-phased planning
R2– Time phased w. auto.
reo. pt
Consumption based
V1– Manual reorder pt
V2– Auto. reorder pt
VV– Forecast based planning
21. Forecast based planning
• It is also based on historical data, or the past material consumption data.
• Here the forecast values form the basis of the planning run.
• Based on the consumption pattern the system changes the forecast
requirements for future.
22. Time phased planning
1. This is used specially in case if the planning cycle is known.
2. The materials planned using this is given an MRP date in the planning
file.
3. This date is set when creating the material
23. Planning file
1. The Planning file contains the details of the materials that are to be
included for the MRP run.
2. MRP is to be activated for the plant, an entry for the material is to be
made in the planning file for the specific plant for the MRP to happen.
3. MRP Run for a material occurs taking the information from the planning
file.
T-Code for creating planning file MD20
& in the background MDAB
Activate MRP & setup planning OMDU
file
24. Planning run type
Planning run type depends on the processing key in the MRP run screen
There are three types of processing key—
• NETCH (Net change planning in total horizon)
• NETPL (Net change planning in the planning horizon)
• NEUPL (Regenerative planning)
25. Planning Run Type- NETCH
1. In this run, the system considers those materials in the planning run
from their last MRP run in the total horizon.
2. But then it depends if there was any change in
Change in stock.
Creation of PR’s; PO’s; etc.
Any changes pertaining to receipts & issues.
26. Planning Run Type- NETPL
1. In this run, the system considers those materials in the planning run
which have undergone any change in the planning horizon as defined.
2. Here the number of materials to be taken for MRP Run can be
restricted by defining the planning horizon.
27. Planning Run Type- NEUPL
1. It plans all the materials for the MRP Run irrespective of the changes
they undergo.
2. This plan is not so widely used. It takes a long time to obtain the
final result.
32. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
33. Planning Process
• The system checks the planning file
• The system calculates the net requirements for every material.
• The system calculates procurement proposals.
• Scheduling happens.
• The system determines the type of procurement proposals.
• During MRP run, the system checks some critical situations which need to
be worked manually and hence it creates exception messages.
Planning can also happens at:
• Storage location
• MRP Areas
• Multi Plant/Site planning
34. Planning Run
• It can be run for a plant, group of plants, an MRP area, or several MRP
areas.
• For a single material or product group.
Planning run can be:
• Total planning
• Single-item, single level planning
• Multi-level, single item planning
• Interactive planning
• Multi-level, make-to-order production
• Individual project planning
The system creates procurement proposals which can be planned orders,
purchase requisitions, schedule lines.
35. Planning time fence & planning horizon
• This is specially useful in case of MPS scenario where one can save the
procurement proposals from undergoing any change since the last
planning run.
• No automatic changes happen to the procurement proposals once they
enter in the planning time fence.
• Planning horizon is the period in which the materials which have
undergone any changes are taken into MRP run.
43. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
44. Lot Sizing Procedure
• Lot Sizing procedure gives the quantity either to be procured or to be
produced.
• This can be defined in the lot sizing procedure in customizing for MRP
in Check Lot-sizing procedure OR directly can be defined using
T-code – OMI4.
Three groups of Lot Sizing procedures are available :--
1. Static lot-sizing procedures
2. Period lot-sizing procedures
3. Optimum lot-sizing procedures
46. Static Lot Sizing Procedure
• In this, the procurement quantity is calculated based on the
specifications mentioned in the material master.
• The different procedures in this are:-
1. Lot for lot
2. Fixed lot size
3. Fixed lot size with splitting & overlapping
4. Replenishment up to maximum stock level.
47. Period Lot Sizing Procedure
• In this, the system groups the requirements in the defined period and
creates a lot.
• The period can be defined in days, weeks, months, periods of flexible
length equal to posting period, freely definable periods according to
planning calendar.
• Splitting and overlapping can also be done.
• The system sets the availability date to the first requirement date within
the period, or the availability date can be set either at the beginning or
at the end of the period.
48. Optimum Lot Sizing Procedure
• In the static or period lot sizing, the cost are not taken into
consideration.
• Here the requirements are grouped together in a way which will reduce
the cost.
49. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
51. Traffic lights
• Materials are defined by traffic lights in the stock requirement list to
indicate the urgency of the materials to be processed.
• Traffic lights can be defined based on the ranges of coverage and
exception groups which can be customized based on the priority.
• To define the traffic light, go to stock requirement list (MD04), then
push the overview tree button at the top left corner, it will show the
traffic lights against the material. Right clicking the traffic light will pop
up the dialog screen where-in the ranges of coverage and exception
group can be defined.
52. MRP Procedures3
Master data for MRP2
Topics
What is MRP1
Planning Process4
Lot sizing Procedure5
Traffic lights6
ATP (Available to Promise)7
53. ATP (Available to Promise)
1. During ATP, the system checks that all issues are covered by existing
receipts
2. Hence, if any quantities are left to cater new issues. This is ATP
Quantity.
54. ATP (Available to Promise)
It can be done at various stages, in the business:
At Sales and distribution When creating the Sales order, availability check
is carried to know whether the delivery can be done at the required date.
Planned order processing When converting a planned order into a
production order, to know the material availability to fulfill the production
order.
Production order processing When processing production orders, to know
the material availability.
Inventory Management When changing reservations, or doing goods
issue, an availability check can be done to know whether it can fulfill the
requirement and also whether it affects the availability of other elements.
55. ATP (Available to Promise)
ATP calculation is as follows:
The receipts (warehouse stock, planned orders, purchase requisitions) are
dynamically allocated to the issues (customer requirements, PIR’s,
reservations), which lie directly after them on the time axis. The
calculation is carried out in such a way that the issue is allocated to the
receipt that lies nearest to it and that still has a positive ATP quantity.
If the ATP quantity of this receipt does not cover the issue then the system
will search for and check the next nearest receipt (always in a
backwards direction) for a positive ATP quantity, which will then also be
allocated to the issue.
If receipts do not cover the issue, you must then decide whether you reduce
the requirements quantity as necessary or whether you move the
requirements date so that requirements coverage can be reached
again.
58. Availability check
Availability Check at Batch Level
If only one batch is entered, the check is carried out on two levels, first
against the batch and then against the plant stock.
If a batch and a storage location are entered, the check is carried out on
four levels, first against the batch storage loc ation, then against the
batch, the storage location and the plant stock.
Availability Check for Individual Customer Stocks and Project Stocks
Individual customer stocks and project stocks are maintained separately in
the system and are not contained in plant stock. If an issue is made
from individual customer stock or project stock, the availability is
checked only for this particular customer stock.