The document discusses health and safety in various work environments such as factories, mines, and construction sites. It outlines potential hazards like dangerous machinery, falling, toxic substances, and weather conditions. It emphasizes providing clean drinking water, sanitation, protective equipment, and first aid. Accidents are often caused by defects, tiredness, incompetence, lack of supervision or safety measures. The document recommends approaches like job safety analysis, electrical and machinery maintenance, housekeeping, fire protection, and management of safety design, construction, execution, and natural disasters to prevent accidents and promote worker health.

1. Safety &Healthy Environment

2. Accidents and their Prevention
 How accidents are caused?
 Approaches to Reduce accidents
 Safe Work environment
 Basic Safety Programming
 Promotion of health and safety.

3. Health & Safety At Workplaces
 Factories
 Mines
 Constructions

4. Health & Safety at Factories
Health Safety
 To keep clean and free from  To prohibit employment of
effluvia women and children near cotton
 To maintain adequate ventilation openers
and reasonable temperature  To protect workers from repairing
 To ensure proper standards of machinery in motion
humidification where humidity in  To protect workers from
the air is artificially increased dangerous fumes, inflammable
 To provide sufficient and suitable dust, gas etc.
natural or artificial lighting  To prohibit any person from
 To provide for a sufficient number carrying or moving any load so
of spitoons and maintain them in heavy as to be likely to cause him
a clean and hygenic condition. injury
 To maintain all chains, hoists and
lifts in good conditions, of sound
material to work on safe mode.

5. Health & Safety At Mines
Drinking water
Machinery
Slips and falls of persons
Sanitation
Medical Appliances
First –aid & Rescue

6. Construction
The term construction referes to the building and civil
engineering activites.
Buildings and civil engineering may be divided into 4
main parts:
1. Work above grounds
2. Works in open excavation
3. Underground work
4. Under water work

7. Characteristic of Construction
 Large number of small firm involved
 A chain of contractors ranging from the principal
contractor to sub-contractors and petty contractors
 Competitive tendering
 High turnover of contract labour
 Seasonal and migrant labour
 Unorganised labour
 Low level of awarness and poverty resulting in their
exploitation
 Working in the open and all weather conditions
 Difficulties in the absorption of imported technology

8. Causes of accidents in civil
engineering
 Person falling
 Person being struck or trapped by object in motion
 Person stepping on or striking against objects
 Person handling objects in such a way so as to cause injury
 Person using hand tools

9. Construction hazards
 Exposure to asbestos dust in demolition and construction
 Exposure to harmful ground treatment chemical, or
potentially harmful chemical used on construction sites at
waste tips
 Exposure to radiation
 Fire
 Collapse of uncompleted structure
 Exposure to excessive noise
 Air or gas pressure in underwater or underground work

10. Cause of Accidents in construction
 Defects in technical planning
 Tiredness is a major cause of accidents
 Assigning work to incompetent contractors
 Insufficient or defective supervision of the work
 Lack of cooperation between different trades
 Construction defect
 Use of unsuitable materials
 Lack of equipment
 Lack of safety device and measures
 Inadequate examination of equipment

11. Prevention of accidents in
construction
Mechanical Maintenance
Electrical Installation
Housekeeping and Fire Protection
Checklist

12. Safety Management
 Design Safety
 Construction Safety
 Safety while executing/constructing
 Fire safety
 Safety against natural calamities

13. Job Safety Analysis
Job safety analysis is an accident prevention technique that should be used
with safety instruction, safety system of work and job safety training. This
technique are used known as – SREDIM
 Select ( work to be studied)
 Record ( how work is done)
 Examine ( the total situation)
 Develop ( best method for doing work)
 Install ( this method into the company’s operational)
 Maintain ( this defined and measured method)

14. Safety which should also be taken
care-
 Clients and contractor compliance with their agreed
safety plan
 Level of clients supervision
 Clients & contractor safety management structures
 Construction safety audits
 Construction safety requirements
 On the job safety training
 Duty of care to general public

15. Thank you