This document summarizes a presentation on youth performance-enhancing drugs and ADHD medication. It discusses trends in misuse of these substances among young people. The presentation is given by representatives from various organizations focused on prevention, health promotion, and substance abuse issues among youth and college students. The presentation covers types of performance-enhancing drugs and their potential side effects. It also discusses trends in attitudes towards these substances and risks of misuse. Strategies are presented for helping adolescents pursue their goals without these drugs. The document concludes by outlining plans for addressing misuse of ADHD medication among college students through education and collaboration between various stakeholder groups.
Drug Treatment Courts: How America’s Most Trusted Alternative to Incarceration is Providing Hope in the Midst of the Rx Drug Abuse and Opiate Epidemic - Vision Session Presented by National Association of Drug Court Professionals
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The use of dietary supplements increased in the last decade to maintain or improve health or specifically to supplement a vitamin deficiency, lose weight, or support organ function. Mostly, consumers believing them to be more natural, potent or safer than pharmaceutical drugs. However, that it not always the case. The current FDA Dietary Supplement regulations do not require premarketing efficacy and safety studies of any dietary supplement product. I will explore these issues in some details in my lecture.
Healthcare And Healthy Aging In The 21st Centurywelldoc
Dr. Phillips will present philosophical, practical and evaluative information that strongly supports the need for a different way of thinking about wellness and aging. Supported by a body of research and experiential evidence already in the literature he will provide practical examples and approaches to demonstrate that a positive, asset based focus on wellness is much more likely to produce “Successful” (vs. “Usual”) Aging.
A warm welcome to CREST.BD’s Bipolar Wellness Centre webinar series! These webinar slides provide a summary of current research evidence on the relationship between physical health, bipolar disorder (BD) and quality of life (QoL), as well as pointing you to some tools and resources to help you flourish in your physical life.
Today's companies must begin to look at employee health, not as a cost, but an investment. Data show conclusively that the health status of a company's employees is directly correlated to the profitibility and competitiveness of the company. This is not an American challenge, but a global challenge and responsibility. This was a keynote address to a dozen major US corporations in May, 2008. I'm happy to discuss with anyone of interest.
HOW TO SAVE MONEY ON YOUR HEALTHCARE: An Integrative Medicine ApproachLouis Cady, MD
In this webinar, the fourth in a series of five from Dr. Louis Cady and the Cady Wellness Institute, we focus on the actual dollars and cents of health care expenditures, and the societal and PERSONAL costs of poor health maintenance behavior. We examine the essentially passive US medical system, that would rather drug a symptom than fix the underlying problem.
Great attention is paid on not shaming the patient or the doctors as they exist in the current system. Both groups "do not know what they do not know." Confirmation bias is rampant.
This webinar points the way to living a more vital, energetic life, with a minimum of cost, grief, and misery.
Dr. Tom Frieden, Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, keynote presentation at the National Rx Drug Abuse & Heroin Summit on March 30, 2016.
Kana Enomoto, Acting Administrator, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, keynote presentation at the National Rx Drug Abuse & Heroin Summit March 29, 2016
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
1. Youth, Performance-Enhancing
Drugs and ADHD Medication
Presenters:
• Jan Cairnes, BBA, CPP, Director of Prevention Services,
Hanley Center Foundation
• Ryan Wertepny, Prevention Coordinator, Hanley Center
Foundation
• David Arnold, Director, Alcohol Abuse Prevention Initiatives,
NASPA - Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education
Prevention Track
Moderator: Nancy Hale, MA, President and CEO, Operation UNITE
2. Disclosures
David Arnold; Jan Cairnes, BBA, CPP; Ryan
Wertepny; and Nancy Hale, MA, have disclosed
no relevant, real, or apparent personal or
professional financial relationships with
proprietary entities that produce healthcare
goods and services.
3. Disclosures
• All planners/managers hereby state that they or their
spouse/life partner do not have any financial
relationships or relationships to products or devices
with any commercial interest related to the content of
this activity of any amount during the past 12 months.
• The following planners/managers have the following to
disclose:
– John J. Dreyzehner, MD, MPH, FACOEM – Ownership
interest: Starfish Health (spouse)
– Robert DuPont – Employment: Bensinger, DuPont &
Associates-Prescription Drug Research Center
4. Learning Objectives
1. Describe the trends in misuse of
performance-enhancing drugs and ADHD
medication among young people.
2. Identify strategies for adolescents to achieve
their goals without performance-enhancing
drugs.
3. Outline plans for addressing ADHD misuse,
abuse and diversion among college students.
5. Ryan Wertepny
Hanley Center Foundation
Ryan@HanleyCenterFoundation.org
561-841-1217
Jan Cairnes, CPP
Hanley Center Foundation
Jan@HanleyCenterFoundation.org
561-841-1122
KIDS, DRUGS & SPORTS
Winning at
Any Cost
7. High School Athletes and
Drug Use Factors
Media/Advertisements
Body Image
Role Models
Peer Influences
Impulsivity / Risk Taking
Belief in high use
Don’t believe in the unhealthy side effects
Athletes believe they won’t be harmed
8. A Shift in Attitudes and
Perception of Harm
Kids aged 12-17 estimate performance enhancing drugs are
being used by 29% of professional athletes.
One in 5 males aged 18-25 said that taking PED’s is “the only
way to make it in professional sports”.
An additional 24% said it “was critical to enhancing one’s
athletic performance”.
10. Performance Enhancing Drugs
Also known as “PEDs”
Substances used to improve activity or ability
Often indicates illegal or unethical use of these
substances
Substances include:
Anabolic Steroids
HGH
Creatine
Steroid Precursors
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
11. Anabolic Steroids
Synthetic substance related to the male hormone testosterone
Used to treat hormone problems in men, delayed puberty, and muscle
loss from some diseases
Athletes use to increase muscle and improve athletic performance
Available as creams, pills and by injection
12. Anabolic Steroid
Potential Problems
Shrunken testicles (males)
Cancer (liver, prostate,
kidney)
Heart disease
Breast development (males)
Uncontrolled aggression
Depression
Male pattern baldness
Acne
Liver disease
High Blood Pressure
Stunted Growth
Masculinization – facial hair
deepened voice (females)
13. Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
HGH (Somatotopin) is naturally produced in the pituitary
gland.
Synthetic human growth hormone spurs growth in children
and adolescents
Used in aiding with cancer treatment and hormonal
imbalance caused by premature birth
14. HGH Side Effects
Hypertension
Severe headaches
Loss of vision
Stunted growth
Acromegaly
High blood pressure &
heart failure
Diabetes and tumors
Crippling arthritis
15. Creatine
Naturally occurring compound produced by
your body that helps your muscles release
energy
Taken in high doses produces small gains
and short-term bursts of power
Over-the-counter as powder or pills
16. Creatine Side Effects
Stomach and muscle
cramps
Weight gain
Dehydration
Kidney and liver damage
High blood pressure
17. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Hormone naturally produced by the
adrenal gland
Leads to the production of androgens
and estrogens (male and female sex
hormones).
DHEA can improve sex drive, build muscle,
and fight the effects of aging.
18. DHEA Side Effects
Men
Breast tenderness
Frequent urination
Aggression
Testes size reduction
Women
Oily skin
Increased unnatural hair
growth
Deep voice
Irregular periods
Small breast size
Increased genital size For both genders
Acne, Itchiness
Difficulty sleeping
Headaches & nausea
Mood changes
19. Supplement Industry
►$37 billion/year supplement industry
targets athletes
►Not regulated by the FDA
►Study on major retailers in NY showed,
4 out of 5 tested herbal supplements
didn’t contain the ingredients stated on
their label, and more than 1/3 of them
contained “contaminants”
20. Risk Behaviors with PEDs
Activity Total % Female Male
Did not eat breakfast
daily
61.9% 66.2% 57.6%
Did not eat breakfast
ever
13.7% 13.8% 13.5%
Were not physically
active daily
72.9% 82.3% 63.4%
Were not physically
active ever
15.2% 19.2% 11.2%
Skipped meals for 24
hours to lose weight
13% 18.7% 7.4%
Took diet pills for
weight loss
5% 6.6% 3.4%
Vomited or took
laxatives for weight
loss
4.4% 6.6% 2.2%
21. Why Risk it?
Nearly 8 million students participate in high school athletics, while just over 460,000 compete as a
NCAA athlete. That’s just 5.75% of students that move on the play at the collegiate level.
22. “Doping Rises Among High Schoolers,
but Few Districts Test”
Use of HGH by American teens
doubled from 2012-2013.
Steroid use also rose in that
period.
Only 20% of high schools in the
U.S. have drug testing policies.
Students are not typically tested
for PED’s.
Florida’s Miami-Dade County
School District piloting program to
test student-athletes for steroids
and PED’s.
28. Influencing children for decades
Slumber Party Barbie was
introduced in 1965 and came with a
bathroom scale permanently set at
110 lbs with a book entitled “How to
Lose Weight” with directions inside
stating simply “Don’t eat.”
30. Ms. Olympia Over the Years
Rachael McLish
Miss Olympia 1980
Iris Kyle
Miss Olympia 2013
31. Drug Prevention & Health
Promotion Education
ATLAS - Athletes Training & Learning to Avoid Steroids
ATHENA - Athletes Targeting Healthy Exercise &
Nutritional Alternatives
Drug Prevention
Sports Nutrition
Exercise Training
32. t
National Football League ATLAS & ATHENA Sites
2007-2014
More than 100 Schools
> 35,000 Student-athletes & > 750 Coaches
33. Ryan Wertepny
Hanley Center Foundation
Ryan@HanleyCenterFoundation.org
561-841-1217
Jan Cairnes, CPP
Hanley Center Foundation
Jan@HanleyCenterFoundation.org
561-841-1122
KIDS, DRUGS & SPORTS
Winning at
Any Cost
34. Resources:
Supplement Information
www.fda.gov
PED Basic Information
www.usada.gov
www.mayoclinic.com
High School & Youth Trends
www.drugabuse.gov
Teen Surveys
http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/
“Better at any cost: The dangerous intersection of
young people steroids, and the internet.”
http://media.digitalcitizensactionalliance.org/314A5A5A9
ABBBBC5E3BD824CF47C46EF4B9D3A76/a46c7adf-339a-
4403-bae2-a03777700b91.pdf
35. Resources Continued:
“Testing High School Athletes for Doping Uncommon”
and “Survey finds shape increase in teen uses of HGH”
www.usnews.com
High School Athletes moving to College and
Professional Level
www.NCAA.org
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance 2013
www.cdc.gov
“Steroid Use Among High School Athletes”
http://globalsportsdevelopment.org/steroid-use-among-
high-school-athletes/
36. Help prevent the misuse, abuse and
diversion of ADHD prescription stimulants
among college students
M a r c h 3 0 , 2 0 1 6
37. DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
• David Arnold, BSW, Director, Alcohol Abuse Prevention
Initiatives, NASPA - Student Affairs Administrators in
Higher Education, has disclosed no relevant, real or
apparent personal or professional financial relationships
with proprietary entities that produce health care goods
and services.
38. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Describe the trends in misuse of performance-enhancing drugs and
ADHD medication among young people.
Identify strategies for adolescents to achieve their goals without
performance-enhancing drugs.
Outline plans for addressing ADHD misuse, abuse and diversion
among college students.
39. AGENDA
About the Coalition to Prevent ADHD Medication Misuse
(CPAMM)
What we know about ADHD medication misuse, abuse
and diversion among college students
– Harris Poll National Survey
Discussion and opportunities for collaboration
42. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
NASPA – Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education
Leading association for the advancement, health, and sustainability of the
student affairs profession.
Recognize that higher education administrators, families, college students,
and physicians must collaborate to both support those with ADHD and
reduce the number of students who misuse stimulants.
NASPA is collaborating with BACCHUS Initiatives of NASPA and the
University of Washington to conduct focus groups and quantitative research
among college students and administrators to try to gain a better
understanding of how the college environment affects the issue and what
kind of programmatic efforts and messages might be the most effective.
43. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
The BACCHUS Initiatives of NASPA
Actively promote student and young adult-based, campus and community-
wide leadership on healthy and safe lifestyle decisions concerning alcohol
abuse, illegal drug use, and other high-risk behaviors.
Collaborate with student leaders, leveraging peer-to-peer influence and
impact.
Provide resources and trainings so peer educators can assist campus
efforts to prevent the misuse of ADHD prescription medication.
Engage our collegiate peer educators to assist campus efforts to help
prevent the misuse of ADHD prescription medication by developing peer-led
trainings to promote healthy choices.
44. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP)
Founded in 1947, the American Academy of Family Physicians
represents 120,900 physicians and medical students nationwide.
Committed to ensure that medications prescribed by physicians are not
inappropriately diverted.
Recognizes that there is growing concern about inappropriate use of
ADHD medications, and wants to educate physicians and the public
about the rising prevalence of the issue.
Spearheading research to characterize current approaches to
prevention of misuse in primary care of ADHD medications in teens and
young adults.
45. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
(CHADD)
Seeks to improve the lives of people affected by ADHD by providing
education, advocacy and support for individuals with ADHD.
Interested in addressing the impact of ADHD medication misuse on
people with ADHD.
Through the support of CPAMM’s educational programming and
research, CHADD continues to monitor for valuable insights
regarding why ADHD students decide to divert their medication.
46. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
The Jed Foundation
Leading nonprofit that exists to promote emotional health and prevent
suicide among college and university students.
Helping academic institutions create healthier campus communities and
prevent substance abuse and self-harm.
Aims to address the issue of ADHD prescription stimulant medication
misuse among college students through existing programs.
Through CPAMM, the foundation will continue inspiring national
dialogue on mental health, and helping academic institutions create
healthier campus communities and prevent substance abuse and self-
harm.
47. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
Shire
Works to transform the lives of people around the world whose
health is impacted by rare and other specialized conditions by
providing innovative treatments.
Has a responsibility to take a stand on misuse, abuse, and
diversion of ADHD medication.
Concerned that when people who don’t need ADHD medicines
take them, they trivialize a real psychiatric disorder and take
medicines away from people who really need them.
Committed to bringing significant leadership and financial
resources to CPAMM.
48. ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
Created to help prevent ADHD medication misuse and become a
trusted source of information on the issue of ADHD prescription
stimulant medication misuse, abuse and diversion
Diverse membership representing key constituencies
Initial focus on college students
Advancing its mission by conducting research, and engaging and
educating various groups affected by the issue
49. Announced its formation and launched a website in August 2014
Learning more about the issue through research conducted among
physicians, college students and administrators with:
– National market research fielded among college students
– AAFP physician research
– NASPA focus groups and quantitative research with students and
administrators
Hosted the first National Summit on the issue of ADHD prescription
stimulant misuse, abuse and diversion among college students
Launched an educational campaign, reaching physicians and
college administrators
ABOUT THE COALITION TO PREVENT
ADHD MEDICATION MISUSE
51. THE ISSUE IS PERSISTANT
5.8%
7.0%
6.6%
7.4%
7.0%
10.2%
9.0%
9.8%
9.0%
10.7%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
NMU among young adults (not enrolled in
college)
NMU among college students
Percentwhoreportedpast-yearNMU
Sample = National sample 1,950 respondents
one to four years beyond high school.
Question text: On how many occasions (if any)
have you taken Adderall on your own–that is,
without a doctor telling you to take it.
Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., Schulenberg, J. E. & Miech, R. A. (2014). Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use,
1975–2013: Volume 2, College students and adults ages 19–55. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.
Approximately 10% of college students have used Adderall non-
medically in the past year
The rate of NMU is consistently higher among college students than
among young adults not in college
52. Will efforts to halt prescription drug
abuse affect students?
THE ISSUE IS PERSISTANT
53. MISUSE HAS NO STIGMA
• In the mind of the misuser, ADHD medications are:
– federally controlled substances, therefore they have legitimacy
and are not considered “street drugs”
– made in safe factories
– prescribed by physicians
– taken by peers with ADHD to great affect
– easy to obtain and share due to lack of college enforcement
– taken for all “the right reasons,” e.g., to get better grades
– pervasive, “everyone is doing it.”
Source: Use of Prescription Drugs for Academic Performance Enhancement in College Aged Students Study, “Adderall is Definitely Not a Drug”: Justifications for the Illegal Use of ADHD Stimulants study,
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54. WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT ADHD
MEDICATION MISUSE –
HARRIS POLL SURVEY
55. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
Measure college students’ awareness of ADHD prescription medication and
its misuse
Gauge college students’ perceptions of ADHD prescription medication
misuse
Assess college students’ potential motivations for misusing ADHD
prescription medication
Evaluate how different segments of the college student population vary in
their views on ADHD prescription medication misuse
Results of this research are intended for public release and to inform the
actions of CPAMM and our supporters
– For the purpose of this survey, misuse refers to any time the medicine is used in a
way that is different from the doctor’s instructions and could include people who do
not have a prescription for the medication but obtain it and use it, and people who
have a prescription but do not use it as directed by their health care provider.
56. RESEARCH METHOD
Online survey conducted May 15 – June 11, 2014
Survey length = approx. 20 minutes
n=2,056 U.S. college students, including 164 diagnosed with ADHD
– 18-24 years old, enrolled and seeking a degree at a 4-year college or
university and attending at least some in-person classes between
January – June 2014
– Sample included full-time (91%) and part-time (9%) students, living in
a range of housing situations (e.g., on-campus, off-campus, with
parents, etc.)
Data weighted where necessary by age, gender, race/ethnicity, region and
propensity to be online to bring them in line with their actual proportions in
the population
Statistical significance testing was conducted at the 95% level of
confidence
57. KEY TAKEAWAYS
A majority of college students are familiar with ADHD prescription
stimulant misuse and agree that it is unethical to take ADHD
prescription stimulants that were not prescribed
– However, approximately 4 in 10 agree that using ADHD prescription
stimulants without a prescription is no more harmful than an energy
drink or strong cup of coffee
College students believe it’s easy for non-ADHD students to obtain
ADHD prescription stimulants
– Most cite friends with prescriptions as a likely source, and almost half
believe college students who misuse get them from a health care
professional by pretending to have ADHD
College students are busy and feel stressed – and ADHD
prescription stimulant misuse is seen by many as a way to keep up
Source: 2014 online survey of college students conducted by Harris Poll on behalf of CPAMM
58. KEY TAKEAWAYS
Source: 2014 online survey of college students conducted by Harris Poll on behalf of CPAMM
Nearly three in ten college students can be considered to be at-risk for
misuse – either because they say they are likely to misuse ADHD
prescription stimulants or because they reported having misused any
prescription medication in the past year
A majority of college students believe that preventing misuse is not a
priority at their school and that administration and professors are not
aware of misuse on campus
College students diagnosed with ADHD are less likely to view others
their age using ADHD prescription stimulants not their own as harmful
and more likely to say it is acceptable for a college student with ADHD
to share or even sell ADHD prescription stimulants
– Nearly half of ADHD college students with a prescription feel pressure to
share or sell their ADHD prescription stimulant medication
60. INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS
Source: 2014 online survey of college students conducted by Harris Poll on behalf of CPAMM
College students consider misuse to be harmful and unethical
– Leverage this belief through the power of positive peer-to-peer influence by
developing programs, tools, and tactics that aim to affect attitudes toward
misuse and ultimately the behavior of those who misuse or would consider
misusing
Almost half of students equate the harmfulness of misuse to that of an
energy drink or strong cup of coffee – and three-quarters believe that at
least some students have misused
– Identify peer-to-peer tactics to address the social norming of the issue
– Communicate to physicians their role in conveying the significant medical
and legal consequences of misuse, abuse and diversion of ADHD stimulant
medication
Most believe friends with prescriptions are a likely source for misusers,
and half believe students who misuse get ADHD prescription stimulants
from a healthcare professional by pretending to have ADHD
– Provide resources, tools, and tactics to physicians in order to leverage their
power as a key influencer to both the prescribed and to potential misusers
61. INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS
Source: 2014 online survey of college students conducted by Harris Poll on behalf of CPAMM
College students are busy and feel stressed – and ADHD
prescription stimulant misuse is seen by many as a way to keep up
– Encourage college administrators, teachers, and other key influencers (e.g.,
parents) to address the stress of day-to-day college pressures by helping
students adopt healthy, lifelong coping skills
– Communicate to students that using ADHD prescription stimulants does not
guarantee better grades, nor is it a long-term solution for dealing with
academic stress
A majority of students report that preventing misuse is not a priority
at their school and that the administration and professors are not
aware of misuse on campus
– Communicate to college administrators the significance of making their
stance on the issue known. Provide resources to administrators on how to
effectively communicate their position to students and staff, including
examples of policy initiatives
62. INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS
Source: 2014 online survey of college students conducted by Harris Poll on behalf of CPAMM
Students diagnosed with ADHD are less likely to view misuse as
harmful and more likely to say it is acceptable to share or even sell
ADHD prescription stimulants
– Reach ADHD students to better inform their perception of the issue,
including ethical, legal, and medical consequences of misuse, abuse, and
diversion.
– Instill a greater sense of responsibility in ADHD students to not divert their
supply
Nearly half of ADHD students with a prescription feel pressure to share
or sell their medication
– Provide support to ADHD students to help them feel empowered to say no
when peers approach them for their medication
64. WHAT CAN YOU DO?
Go to CPAMM.org/collegeadmin to learn more about the issue and what
leaders on your campus can do
Share the facts about misuse and raise awareness by talking to campus
and student leaders about the issue
Join the Friends of CPAMM email list to learn more about new peer-to-peer
programming and other important initiatives in 2016
Contact CPAMM to discuss other opportunities to collaborate
66. Youth, Performance-Enhancing
Drugs and ADHD Medication
Presenters:
• Jan Cairnes, BBA, CPP, Director of Prevention Services,
Hanley Center Foundation
• Ryan Wertepny, Prevention Coordinator, Hanley Center
Foundation
• David Arnold, Director, Alcohol Abuse Prevention Initiatives,
NASPA - Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education
Prevention Track
Moderator: Nancy Hale, MA, President and CEO, Operation UNITE
Editor's Notes
Sports can be a positive protective factor because of things like: structure, goal setting, fair play and achievement; but too much structure and stress may be one of the reasons teens use drugs.
Some teens experiment with performance-enhancing drugs as a way to cope with body insecurities of to fit in with a group of peers.
Others might be influenced by pressure to make a team or get a competitive edge.
Teens involved in sports are more likely to abuse alcohol and marijuana, than their non-athlete peers.
Teens that participate in sports also may have greater access to opioid pain medications.
Since these drugs have a higher potential for abuse, using opioids after athletic injuries can lead to misuse later on.
More than 58% of parents report having discussed the use of steroids or other performance-enhancing drugs with their teens, while only 12% of teens report that the last conversation they had with their parents about drug risks including PEDs.
Alex Rodriguez, New York Yankees
Will Grier, University of Florida
Pete Rose, Baseball
PEDs have the ability and potential to drastically alter the human body and biological functions.
Can be extremely dangerous and sometimes deadly
Also known as: roids or juice
Gender Specific
Male: breast tissue, baldness, shrunken testicles, infertility and impotence
Female: deepened voice, increase body hair/baldness, abnormal menstrual cycles, stunted breast development
Taylor Hooton
HGH helps regulate body composition, bodily fluids, muscle and bone growth, metabolism and
Athletes use it to improve muscle mass and performance
However, it hasn’t been shown to improve either strength or endurance
Naturally produced in the liver and kidneys and stored in the muscles
Little research on effects of supplements.
Supplements can be purchased at GNC, Vitamin Shoppe, Walmart, Target, Walgreens, CVS, etc.
Supplements may also lead to other performance enhancing drug use.
Can contain many ingredients of PED’s without the requirement of a doctor’s prescription
Substances not regulated by FDA; in one study, approximately 18% contained steroids or pre-hormones not listed on the ingredients.
Many of the behaviors that affect mortality are established and practiced in youth, which carry over into adulthood.
Common lifestyle choices by youth are represented in the chart.
By the time a young woman is 17 years old, she has received over 250,000 commercial messages.
According to Teen People Poll: 27% of young women felt that the media pressures them to have the perfect body.
Research suggests the media may impact women’s body image, leading to unhealthy behavior for women, especially young women striving for the ultra-thin body idealized in media.
Attempting the unattainable
The Rock: “The secret is giving your body what it needs to be able to put on so much weight so quickly. For one, that means eating. You have to eat like crazy if you want to gain 20 pounds in 4 weeks, there is no way around that. I always make sure I religiously take a supplement stack to help boost my gains. Every time I need to gain serious weight, I take Alpha Fuel XT and Formula T-10.”
“If Barbie were an actual women, she would be 5’9” tall, have a 39” bust, an 18” waist, 33” hips and a size 3 shoe! Barbie calls this a “full figure” and likes her weight at 110 lbs. At 5’9” tall and weighing 110 lbs, Barbie would have a BMI of 16.24 and fit the weight criteria for anorexia. She likely would not menstruate. If Barbie was a real woman, she’d have to walk on all fours due to her proportion”.
ARNOLD AND THE ELEPHANT IN THE ROOM
At his annual Sunday morning seminar at the conclusion of the 2015 Arnold Classic, Arnold Schwarzenegger demanded change in the judging of bodybuilding contests. He said, "We have to make sure we are rewarding the right guys because if you reward the right guys then everyone will start training to have a beautiful physique.” The comments caused more fallout than Rosie O’Donnell and Chris Christie fighting for space in a single bed.
Education that does NOT work:
Scare tactics
Information/knowledge–based only programs
Dictums (Just Say No & other slogans)
ATLAS & ATHENA were created by the Oregon Health & Science University and have gender specific models that use positive peer pressure to influence healthy choices among student athletes.
Results:
Increase in:
Healthy eating habits
Training abilities and competence
Decrease in:
Diet pill use
Anabolic steroid & PED use
Drinking & driving
Use of alcohol & other drugs
Sports-related injuries
Good morning, and thank you for joining me. My name is David Arnold, Director of Alcohol Abuse Prevention Initiatives, BACCHUS Initiatives of NASPA – a partner of the Coalition to Prevent ADHD Medication Misuse (CPAMM).
I welcome all of you here today to discuss ADHD prescription stimulant medication misuse, abuse and diversion among college students and opportunities to collaborate in the education and prevention of this issue.
Taking a look at today’s agenda, I’m excited to provide more information about the Coalition to Prevent ADHD Medication Misuse (CPAMM); highlight CPAMM’s partners and their role within the Coalition; share what we know about misuse, abuse and diversion; and discuss potential opportunities for collaboration.
We will also leave some time at the end for questions and comments.
As I am sure many of you are aware, there is a growing concern regarding the misuse, abuse and diversion of ADHD prescription stimulant medication, particularly among college students.
ADHD prescription stimulant misuse is a complex issue, and we understand that potential solutions must be collaborative. As a result, representatives from the medical community, college administrators, mental health advocacy groups, the pharmaceutical community, and student leaders have joined to form the Coalition to Prevent ADHD Medication Misuse (CPAMM).
CPAMM is comprised of diverse partner organizations, including:
NASPA - Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education’
The BACCHUS Initiatives of NASPA;
American Academy of Family Physicians;
Children and Adults with ADHD (CHADD)’
The Jed Foundation; and
Shire
NASPA - Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education is the leading association for the advancement, health, and sustainability of the student affairs profession. The organization serves a full range of professionals who provide programs, experiences, and services that cultivate student learning and success in concert with the mission of our colleges and universities.
Through CPAMM, NASPA plans to conduct focus groups among college students and administrators to try to gain a better understanding of how the college environment affects the issue and what kind of programmatic efforts and messages might be most effective.
The BACCHUS Initiatives of NASPA is a collegiate peer education initiative that supports the achievement of students’ academic and personal success by building skills in student leaders to address campus health and safety issues.
As a partner of CPAMM, we look forward to engaging our collegiate peer educators to assist campus efforts to help prevent the misuse, abuse and diversion of ADHD prescription medication by developing peer-led trainings to promote healthy choices.
Founded in 1947, the American Academy of Family Physicians represents 120,900 physicians and medical students nationwide. It is the only medical society devoted solely to primary care.
The AAFP recognizes that there is growing concern about nonmedical use of ADHD medications and wants to educate physicians and the public about the rising prevalence of the issue.
.
Children and Adults with ADHD (CHADD) is a partnership organization which seeks to improve the lives of people affected by ADHD by providing education, advocacy and support for individuals with ADHD.
As a partner of CPAMM, CHADD continues to monitor for valuable insights regarding why ADHD students decide to divert their medication.
The Jed Foundation is a leading nonprofit that exists to promote emotional health and prevent suicide among college and university students.
Through the Jed Foundation’s existing programs, they aim to address the issue of ADHD medication misuse, abuse and diversion among college students, and by working with CPAMM, the organization will continue inspiring national dialogue on mental health, encouraging millions of young people to speak up and take action, and helping academic institutions create healthier campus communities and prevent substance abuse and self-harm.
Shire enables people with life-altering conditions to lead better lives. Their strategy is to focus on developing innovative specialty medicines to meet significant unmet patient needs.
Shire strongly opposes the misuse, abuse and diversion of ADHD prescription stimulant medication, which is why they decided to establish and serve as the sole funder of CPAMM. Shire is committed to being a part of a solution to help prevent nonmedical use, while preserving access to these important medications for those with a legitimate medical need.
If anyone asks, member organizations do not provide financial contributions to CPAMM and are not compensated for participation. On a case-by-case basis, members may be compensated to execute research and programming proposals, as approved by the Coalition. All partners, including Shire, voluntarily contribute to the Coalition through their areas of expertise.
CPAMM has the knowledge and resources to make a difference and prevent the nonmedical use of these medications.
CPAMM will bring together organizations with a common goal to prevent ADHD prescription stimulant medication misuse by serving as a trusted source of information on the issue; by engaging and educating target audiences through grassroots networks, tactics and programs; and by leading additional research to better understand the issue.
CPAMM has already initiated several tactics, including research, to better understand the issue and identify opportunities to reach the target audience through programming.
Over the past year, CPAMM and its partners have accomplished quite a bit. We officially launched the Coalition in August 2014 with a brand new website, CPAMM.org, and fielded and released primary national research with Harris Poll to identify attitudes and perceptions of misuse among ADHD and non-ADHD college students.
CPAMM also recently held the first National Summit on the misuse of ADHD prescription stimulants, and I look forward to sharing some of the key insights discussed during the Summit a little bit later.
We plan to launch an educational campaign about ADHD medication misuse later this year reaching key influencers, specifically physicians and college administrators.
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David to review Research Objectives.
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So at this time, I would like to use the next few minutes for discussion and would appreciate any thoughts or questions you would like to share.
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Thank you again for joining me today. I encourage all of you to visit our website, CPAMM.org, and sign up to be a “Friend of CPAMM” to receive the Summit report, information on the influencer campaign, and other important information on the issue.