The document discusses the three main types of rust diseases affecting wheat: stem rust, leaf rust, and stripe rust, along with their symptoms and impacts on crop yield. Stem rust is the most destructive, can reduce yield by up to 70%, while leaf rust and stripe rust have distinct characteristics, including their coloration and pustule formation. Management strategies include variety choice, fungicides, and cultural practices to mitigate the impacts of these diseases.

1. RUST DISEASES OF WHEAT
PRESENTED TO:
DR. HAFIZ MUHAMMAD AATIF
PRESENTED BY:
TALHA RAO (07)
REHAN HAIDER (58)
ASAD SARDAR (31)
HAFIZ MUBASHIR (19)

2. “RUST NEVER SLEEPS”
FATHER OF GREEN REVOLUTION
DR NORMAN BORLAUG.

3. TYPES OF RUST
THREE FORMS CAN AFFECT WHEAT (ALL FUNGAL FORMS)
1. STEM RUST
2. LEAF RUST
3. STRIPE RUST

4. 1. STEM RUST
• MOST DESTRUCTIVE WHEAT DISEASE
• SEVERE GRAIN SHRIVELING
• MASSES OF PUSTULES ON LEAVES & STEMS CONTAINING BRICK RED SPORES
• RUST INFESTED PLANTS TRANSPIRE MUCH MORE WATER THAN NORMAL.
• DRASTICALLY REDUCES GROWTH AND YIELD, UP TO 70 %
• BRITTLE STEMS CAN FALL OVER OR “LODGE” HAMPERING MECHANICAL
HARVEST.

5. 1. STEM RUST
• FUNGUS
 Puccini graminis f. Sp. Tritici
• COMMON NAMES:
 STEM RUST
 BLACK RUST
• INFECTS:
 WHEAT
 BARLEY
 BARBERRY

6. SYMPTOMS
• REDDISH BROWN PUSTULES.
• LARGE NUMBER OF UREDO SPORES ARE RELEASED
• BROWNISH APPEARANCE EVEN FROM DISTANCE.
• TOWARDS END BLACK TELIA ARE PRODUCED FOR THIS REASON IT IS CALLED
BLACK RUST.
• THE SITE OF INFECTION IS VISIBLE SYMPTOM OF DISEASE.

9. 2. LEAF RUST
• IT IS ALSO CALLED BROWN RUST.
• PRESENT ALL OVER WHEAT GROWING AREAS.
• FAVOURABLE TEMPERATURE RANGE IS 15-22°C.
• LEAST POTENTIALLY DAMAGING IN SUSCEPTIBLE VARIETIES 20%.
• CAUSAL AGENT IS Puccinia recondita
• ALTERNATE HOST IS THALICTRUM SPECIES, RYE

10. SYMPTOMS
• SMALL,CIRCULAR AND ORANGE-BROWN PUSTULE AROUND MAIN PUSTULE.
• PUSTULES SCATTERED OVER LEAVES.
• IT APPEARS ON LEAF SHEATH, PENDUNCLES, INTERNODES AND EAR HEADS.

12. STRIPE RUST
• ALSO CALLED YELLOW RUST
• CAUSED BY THE FUNGUS Puccinia triiformis
• VERY IMPORTANT DISEASE OF WHEAT, PARTICULARLY IN CENTRAL AND WEST
ASIA AND NORTH AFRICA.

13. SYMPTOMS
• APPEARANCE OF YELLOW STREAKS (PRE-PUSTULES)
• SMALL, BRIGHT YELLOW, ELONGATED PUSTULES ON THE LEAVES, LEAF SHEATHS,
GLUMES AND AWNS.
• MATURE PUSTULES WILL BREAK OPEN AND RELEASE YELLOW-ORANGE MASSES OF
UREDINIOSPORES.
• IN SOME VARIETIES, LONG, NARROW YELLOW STRIPES WILL DEVELOP ON LEAVES.
• TISSUES MAY BECOME BROWN AND DRY AS THE PLANT MATURES.
• SEVERE INFECTION CAN RESULT IN PLANT STUNTING.

15. COMPARISON
LEAF RUST STEM RUST STRIPE RUST
Pustule location Leaf, mainly on the
upper surface
Stem and leaf, upper
and lower surfaces of
leaf; occasionally on
head and seeds
Leaf upper surface
occasionally on heads
and seeds
Pustule color Orange-brown Orange-red to dark-
red
Orange-yellow
Pustule arrangement Single and random Single and random Stripes
Pustule shape and size Round or slightly
elongated; small to
medium
Oval shaped or
elongated to large
Small round, blister-like
Alternate hosts Thalictrum sp. Barberry Barberry

16. MANAGEMENT OF RUST
• VARIETY CHOICE
• FUNGICIDES
• CULTURAL PRACTICES
• EARLIER WHEAT MATURING VARIETIES.
• REMOVE MOISTURE

17. REFERENCES
HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM.PK/
HTTPS://WWW.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/
HTTPS://WWW.PAKISTANECONOMIST.COM/ISSUE2001/ISSUE4/I&E1.HTM