This document provides information on rust diseases that affect various cereal crops. It discusses the causal fungi, symptoms, life cycles, and environmental conditions for leaf rust, stem rust, and stripe rust in wheat, oat crown rust, and leaf rust, stem rust, and stripe rust in barley. It includes the systematic classification and images to illustrate the spores and symptoms of each rust. Management strategies are also summarized, such as growing resistant varieties and applying fungicides under suitable conditions.

1. RUST DISEASES IN CEREALS
COURSE TEACHER:
Dr. PARTHASARATHY S
Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)
STUDENT:
Mr.VINITHRAJA R
ID. NO. 2016021053
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562

2. WHEAT
• Leaf rust (or) brown rust
• Stem rust (or) black rust
• Stripe rust (or) yellow rust

3. LEAF RUST (OR) BROWN RUST

4. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
• Kingdom: Fungi
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Class : Pucciniomycetes
• Order : Pucciniales
• Family : Pucciniaceae
• Genus : Puccinia
• Species : triticina

5. DISTRIBUTION
 Occurs worldwide wherever wheat is grown.

6. ECONOMIC LOSS
• Losses over large areas are generally light to
moderate, 1 to 20%.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• Development is favored by mild days, 20-25 C, and
nights, 15-20 C, with adequate moisture for night
time dew development.

8. SYMPTOMS
 Uredinia normally appear on the upper leaf surface,
but with severe epidemics sheath infections can
occur.
 Uredinia are brown in color and generally circular in
shape.
 Uredinia seldom penetrate through the leaf.

9. LIFE CYCLE
aces.nmsu.edu

10. researchgate.net

11. TELIOSPORE
agritech.tnau.ac.in

12. picswe.comagritech.tnau.ac.in

13. ALTERNATE HOSTS
• Thalictrum
• Isopyron sp.

14. STEM RUST (OR) BLACK RUST
www.apsnet.org

15. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
• Kingdom : Fungi
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Class : Teliomycetes
• Order : Uredinales
• Family : Pucciniaceae
• Genus : Puccinia
• Species : graminis f.sp. tritici

16. DISTRIBUTION
• Occurs worldwide wherever wheat is grown.

17. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• Stem rust is favored by hot days 25-30 C, mild nights
15-20 C with adequate moisture for night time dews.
• Wind can effectively disperse urediniospores over
great distances.
• Rain is necessary for effective deposition of
uredinospore.

18. YIELD LOSS
• Losses are often severe 50 to 70% over a large area
and individual fields can be totally destroyed.

19. SYMPTOMS
• Uredinia generally appear as oval lesions on true
stem, and spike.
• Uredinia are brick red in color and can be seen to
rupture the host epidermis.
• Infected areas are rough to the touch.

20. LIFE CYCLE
www.apsnet.org

21. nature.com

22. TELIOSPORE
researchgate.net

23. alamy.com

24. ALTERNATE HOSTS
• Barberis vulgaris
• Mahonia sp.

25. STRIPE RUST (OR) YELLOW RUST
www.ars.usda.gov

26. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
• Kingdom : Fungi
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Class : Teliomycetes
• Order : Uredinales
• Family : Pucciniastraceae
• Genus : Puccinia
• Species : striiformis f.sp. tritici

27. YIELD LOSS
• Losses of 40 percent can be common with some
fields totally destroyed.

28. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• Infection occurs from 0 to 25 C, with free water on
the leaf and may occur beneath the snow.
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29. SYMPTOMS
• Mainly occur on leaves than the leaf sheaths and
stem.
• Bright yellow pustules (Uredia) appear on leaves at
early stage of crop and at maturity, pustules are
arranged in linear rows along with dull black lesions
(Telia) and hence the name stripe rust.

30. UREDINIOSPORES
extension.uga.edu

31. TELIOSPORE
extension.uga.edu

32. MANAGEMENT
• Mixed cropping with suitable crops.
• Avoid excess dose of nitrogenous fertilizers.
• Dust Sulphur at 35-40kg/ha.
• Spray Zineb at 2.5kg/ha.
• Spray Mancozeb at 2kg/ha.
• Spray Oxycarboxin 20% EC (or) Propiconazole 25%
EC.
• Grow resistant varieties.

33. OAT
• Oat crown rust
www.ars.usda.gov

34. SYSTEMIC POSITION
• Kingdom : Fungi
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Class : Urediniomycetes
• Order : Uredinales
• Family : Pucciniaceae
• Genus : Puccinia
• Species : coronata f.sp avenae

35. YIELD LOSS
• Crown rust is the most widespread and damaging
disease of oat.
• Moderate to severe epidemics can reduce grain yield
by 10 to 40%.

36. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• Crown rust develops best during mild to warm 20-25
C sunny days and mild nights 15-20 C with adequate
moisture for dew formation.

37. SYMPTOMS
• Uredinia form on both the upper and lower surfaces
of infected leaves.
• In severe epidemics, leaf sheathes also become
heavily infected.

38. BARLY
• Leaf rust (or) brown rust
• Stem rust (or) black rust
• Stripe rust (or) yellow rust

39. LEAF RUST
agriculture.vic.gov

40. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
• Kingdom: Fungi
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Class : Pucciniomycetes
• Order : Pucciniales
• Family : Pucciniaceae
• Genus : Puccinia
• Species : hordei

41. ECONOMIC LOSS
• It is considered a relatively minor disease.

42. SYMPTOMS
• Pustules of leaf rust are small and circular, producing
a mass of orange-brown powdery spores.
• They appear on the leaf sheaths and predominantly on
the upper leaf surfaces.
• Heavily infected leaves die prematurely.

43. STRIPE RUST
agriculture.vic.gov

44. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
• Kingdom : Fungi
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Division : Basidiomycota
• Class : Pucciniomycetes
• Order : Pucciniales
• Family : Pucciniaceae
• Genus : Puccinia
• Species : striiformis f.sp. hordei

45. SYMPTOMS
• Infections produce linear, orange-
yellow pustules appear on leaves and/or heads.
• As the disease progresses, pustules coalesce to form
long stripes between leaf veins.
• On susceptible cultivars, entire leaf blades may be
covered with pustules.
• The black spore stage develops as linear black
pustules covered by the leaf epidermis.

46. MANAGEMENT
• The disease can be managed by growing disease
resistant cultivars.
• Foliar fungicides may be required when growing a
susceptible cultivars.

47. REFERENCES
 Alice D and C.Jeyalakshmi, 2014, Hand book on
Introductory Plant Pathology,A.E publishers,
Coimbatore. pp 194-201
 R.S.Singh,2015, Plant Diseaes,Oxford and IBH
Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd,New Delhi.pp305-311

48. THANK YOU