Rural Area planning

RURAL AREA PLANNING
KAMBHAMPADU village
Presented To :-
Mr. Nagaraju,
Mrs. Tuhina
Mr. Praman kumar
Presented By:-
Krishna (10011BA004)
Bindu(10011BA009)
Ajit(10011BA014)
Mani Shankar(10011BA018)
Pradeep (10011BA024)
Sahiti (10011BA029)
Shyam (10011BA033)
Sravya Ratna(10011BA034)
Ujwala (10011BA038)
Uday (09010BA38)
DEPATMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING
SPA, JNAFAU.

Over view
22-06-2014RuralArea Planning ( KambhampaduVillage)
 Methodology
 Introduction to RuralArea Planning
 Introduction to Case Study area- Kambhampadu
 Over view, detailed analysis and problem statement of village about
Land attributes
Population and demographics
Employment
Economy
Transportation Network
Housing
Water Supply
Sanitation
Social Infrastructure
Govt Schemes
 SWOTAnalysis
 Major areas to be dealt with

Methodology
Stage -1
• Aim,Objective
• Literature study
Stage-2
• Data collection
• Primary data-House Hold Survey, Personal Interviews
• Secondary data-
• ~Census Hand Books
• ~ MRO Office
• ~VRO Office
• ~PANCHAYAT Office
Stage -3
• Data analysis
• SWOT analysis
• Problem statement
Stage - 4
• Proposals

Methodology
SWOT Analysis
AIM& OBJECTIVES
Data Collection
Primary Data
~ House Hold Survey
~ Personal Interviews
Secondary Data
~Census Hand Books
~ MRO Office
~VRO Office
~PANCHAYAT Office
DataAnalysis
Problem Statement
PROPOSALS

Aim and Objectives
Aim:
To Study the Socio- Physical and Economical structure of village and give proposals
for its future development
Objectives:
 To understand the Physical, social and economic aspects of the village
 To identify and analyze the existing facilities in the village
 To identify the present problems and future potentials.
 To give proposals for future development

Village
 The "rural sector" or rural area means
any place as per the “2011 census" which
meets the following criteria
 Density of population must be less than
400 per sq km and
 More than "25 per cent of the male
working population" is engaged in
agricultural pursuits.
 A village is the smallest statutory
recognised administrative unit having a
definite boundary and separate land
records.
Primary
sector
Self
sustainabl
e
Caste
system
Together
ness
Social
values
Exchange
of goods
Village

Criteria of selection for Kambhampadu village
At district level:
 Guntur district is a part of Coastal Andhra Region of Andhra Pradesh
 Guntur district is mainly dependent on agriculture
 Most of the revenue of the district is from primary sector and small scale industries
At mandal level:
 There are 58 mandals in guntur dist out of which 13 mandals (Amaravathi,Thullur, Mangalagiri,
Tadepalli,Tadikonda, Guntur, Pedakakani, Medikonduru, Duggirala, Chebrolu,Tenali,
Vatticheruku,Tsundur)
 Macherla, veldurthi and Durgi are the mandals with more than 12 villages and area more than
35,000 hectares
 Veldurthi have revenue from small scale industries where as Durgi have powerstation supplying
electricity to macherla mandal also
 Macherla mandal is mainly dependent on agriculture, there are no fisheries, small scale cottage
industries in the mandal
At village level:
 Kambhampadu is the village with more population, more no of households in the mandal
 The village also have two hamlets and acts as service village with standardised social
infrastruction facilities

Location Map
INDIA ANDHRA PRADESH GUNTUR

General profile of village
22-06-2014
RuralArea Planning ( KambhampaduVillage)
VILLAGE KAMBHAMPADU
LOCATION 16030’9’’ N Latitude and 79029’18’’E Longitude
MANDAL macherla
DISTRICT guntur
STATUS panchayat
AREA 3068.30 hac
POPULATION 8241 male-4167 female-4074
SEX RATIO 997
LITERACY RATE Total-24% male-18.4% female-39.2%
MAIN OCCUPATION Agriculture, daily labour and animal husbandry
MAJOR CROPS Rice, dal, dry mirchi, cotton
CLIMATE Dry
SOILTYPE Red soil
TEMPERATURE AND RAINFAL Avg rainfall : 830 mm,AvgTemp. : 310c

Distances from near by villages
Village
Name
Distance(i
n kms )
Tumurukota 6.71
Jammalamadaka 5.72
Macherla 5.65
Mutyalampadu 4.74
Manchikallu 4.46
Gopalapuram 2.47

Population
Population
Total : 8241
Male : 4167
Female : 4074
Population (0-6)
Total : 990
Male : 465
Female : 525
Literacy
Total : 3301
Male : 2264
Female : 1037
Sex Ratio : 997
Avg. Household Size : 4 to 5
Infant Mortality Rate : 0.24%
Population (SC)
Total : 1740
Male : 1153
Female : 587
Population (ST)
Total : 616
Male : 415
Female : 201
Population (BPL)
Total : 906
Male : 489
Female : 417
Birth rate : 2 %
Death rate : 1.5 %

Population
22-06-2014mbhampaduVillage)
 Population refers to total no of persons inhabiting a settlement/area/
city/district.
 Population data of any settlement gives information about the growth
of the settlement and future growth estimate
 Provision of various services(social & physical infrastructure) is based
on the population of the settlement
 The factors which affects the population of an area are
1.Birth rate
2.Death rate
3.Migration (Employment and educational potential of the area,
Availability of services and facilities)

INFERENCES:
•Village population increased till 1991 census due to mining of shahbad queries.
•Mining of queries has stopped in 1990’s, as a result population had decreased.
•Later with the development of social infrastructure in the village, the population has
increased again.

277
1085
680
2068
2264
63
272 260
998 1037
340
1357
940
3066
3301
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Male Female total
INFERENCES:
•Literacy rate is low till 1991 census because most of the population are engaged in agricultural
activities.
•Literacy rate have increased suddenly in 2001 census due to the construction of school for SC& ST
and development of facilities in high school.
literate population

 The literacy rate of the village is 40 %
 The literacy rate of the village is low comparing with the
district and state average.
Male Female Total
Kabhampadu 54.3 % 25.4 % 40 %
Guntur 75.4% 60.64% 67.99 %
Andhra Pradesh 75.56% 59.74 % 67.66 %

Sex ratio:
The sex ratio of khambhampadu is 997 when compared to the state (992),
Guntur -948.
ANDHRA PRADESH guntur khambampadu
992 948 997

SC and ST population
0
200
400
600
800
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Male Female total
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Male Female total
INFERENCES:
•As the query’s are not under mining
after 1991, the caste discrimination in
the village has decreased, as a result SC
and ST population have increased
•During 2006-2007, due to caste
rivalries, destruction of religious
structures of SC and St communities
took place as a result the SC and ST
population have decreased again

Age Structure
% of population
0-6
7 to 18
19 to 40
41-60
above 60
% population ssc
intermediate
degree
illeterate
Literacy
2
8 20 16 8
1
7 17 15 6
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 to 6 7 to 18 19 to 40 41 to 60 above 61
Male Female
8
13
18
25
5 7 6
18
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
ssc intermediate degree illeterate
Male Female
Primary Survey Analysis
37 %
31%
15%14%
43%
24%
13%
20 %

There is no significant migration observed in
the village population
Reasons :-
• The village have social infrastructure as
per the standards of service village
 Presence of educational institutions,
industries and shahabad queries are
serving the employment needs of village
 There is no immigration due to strong
caste system in the village
HOUSEHOLDS AS PER
CASTE
OC- 690
BC- 766
SC-234
ST- 160
39.5%
35.5%
12%
8%

Total cattle-1150
buffalo
cows
bulls
hens and
ducks
cattle No of
cattle
buffaloes 850
Bulls 100
Cows 10
Hens and ducks 190
Live stock
% of Households rearing
cattle
yes
no
CATOGERY % of households
with cattle 77
Without cattle 18
Primary survey
Secondary data fromVRO Office
Amount Below
1000 INR
1000-5000
INR
Above
5000 INR
% of
households
Expenditure
50 37 13
% of
households
Income
63 26 11

Population projection
Linear method:-
POP proj= POP last+B(Proj year- last year)
B= (POP last-POP first)/( Last year-first year)
POP of 2021= 8241+189.1( 2021-2011)
(B= 1891/10 =189.1)
= 8241+189.1(10)
= 8241+1891
= 10,132

Problem Statement
 Population of the village and literacy rate is varying based on the
mining of shahbad queries and provision of infrastructural facilities
 literacy rate is high among boys when compared to girls due to
drop outs both as per primary and secondary analysis
 Social issues
 In fact the major income of the village is from agriculture, due to
the adverse effects like decrease in the ground water levels, no
supply of municipal water especially in the year 2011 created
problems to the farmers.
 Due to this many of the families income level has decreased.
 Literacy rate is increasing day by day but they're not getting income
sources.

Recommendations
1.Efficient usage of schools and existing facilities.
2.Social issues like caste discriminations can be slightly
solved by providing proper counselling through NGO’s
3. counselling must be even given to the parents and
children so that drop outs especially in girls may be
reduced.

EMPLOYMENT-at glance
22-06-2014 RuralArea Planning ( KambhampaduVillage)
Total working population
Total : 4945
Male : 2516
Female : 2409
Marginal workers
Total : 546
Male : 133
Female : 413
Non working population
Total : 3296
Male : 1631
Female : 1365
Cultivators
Total : 1749
Male : 1032
Female : 717
Agricultural labours
Total : 2526
Male : 1019
Female : 1507
Household industries
Total : 57
Male : 33
Female : 24
Other workers
Total : 613
Male : 452
Female : 161

Definitions according to census:
 Main workers: Those who had worked for the major part of the reference
period(i.e.,6 months or more) are termed as main workers.
 Marginal workers: Those who had not worked for the major part of the reference
period(i.e., less than 6 months) are termed as marginal workers.
 Cultivators: If he/she is engaged in cultivation of land owned or held from govt or
private persons ,institutions for payment in money ,kind or share.
 Agricultural labours:A person who works for another person’s land for wages in
money, kind or share is regarded as an agricultural labour.

Decadal Analysis
0
100
200
300
400
500
1991 2001 2011
male
female
Marginal
workers
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1991 2001 2011
male
female
Total main
workers
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1991 2001 2011
male
female
Non
workers
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1991 2001 2011
male
female
Total
workers

 300 govt. workers in Kambhampadu including retired persons.
 Daily wages-
Male -250INR
Female- 100 INR
Brick Kiln
 No of workers- 60-70.
 Daily wage- 100 INR per head.
 Per week- 40 trucks of load is being transported.
 Cost per truck- 1000 INR
 Soil for brick preparation-Atmakur cheruvu.

Primary data analysis
agriculture
govt employee
self employee
pvt employee
daily wage
non working
population
agriculture 144
govt employee 121
self employee 626
pvt employee 444
daily wage 667
Allied activities 40
0-60,000
60,000-
1,00,000
1,00,000-
3,00,000
above
3,00,000
Income levels population
0-10,000 1210
10,000-60,000 1089
60000-1,00,000 504
above 1,00,000 3106
Income LevelsEmployment pattern

Problem statement
 There is no alternate source of employment for agricultural
labourers
 As per primary survey :
 only 7% of population are under government/ private jobs
 41% of population are non working where as dependent
population is only 32%
 58 % of population have an annual income less than 60,000

Proposals:
 Cottage industries-making of cotton mattress using locally available
cotton.
 Brick kilns: provision of employment for 60-70 daily labourers.
 White and red stone quarries in and around macherla provide
employment to people of khambampadu.
 Collection of solid waste from the households and thereby providing
employment in manure preparation.

 DWCRA
The scheme DWCRA was aimed to improve the socio-
economic status of the poor women in the rural area through
creation of groups of women for income generating activities
on a self sustaining basis
It encourages the habitat of thrift and credit among poor
rural women to make them self reliant

Indira kranti padhakam:
 The activities of DWCRA andVelugu were integrated under a
programme called Indira Kranti Patham.The basic objective of this
integration is to implement various programmes for strengthening of
self-help Groups with similar implementation strategy.The new scheme
Indira Kranti Patham had been designed by clubbingWomen
Empowerment with PovertyAlleviation
 Indira Kranti Patham (IKP) is a statewide poverty reduction project to
enable the rural poor to improve their livelihoods and quality of life
through their own organizations. It aims to cover all the rural poor
households in the state with a special focus on the 30 lakh poorest of the
poor households. It is implemented by Society for Elimination of Rural
Poverty (SERP), Dept of Rural Development, Govt of AP. SERP is an
autonomous society registered under the Societies Act, and implements
the project through District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) at
the District level.

 The Chief Minister ofAndhra Pradesh is the Chairperson of the
Society. IKP builds on more than a decade long, statewide rural
women’s self-help movement.The focus is on deepening the
process, providing an institutional structure and developing a
framework for sustaining it for comprehensive poverty
eradication. It is the single largest poverty reduction project in
SouthAsia.
 It works with 4,76,930 Self Help Groups federated into 28,080
Village Organizations (VO) and 700 Mandal Samakhyas (MS).The
project mandate is to build strong institutions of the poor and
enhance their livelihood opportunities so that the vulnerabilities of
the poor are reduced. Community Investment Fund (CIF) is the
major component of the project, which is provided to the SHGs/
VOs/ MSs to support wide range of activities for socioeconomic
empowerment of the Poor.

ECONOMY
OverView
• village at glance
•Rural economy
•Standards for revenue and expenditure of a village
• classification of occupations
•Income and expenditure of a former
•Revenue of the kambhampadu
•Expenditure of kambhampadu
•Economic scenario of the village
•Issues

Village at a glance - Economy
Total income of the village : 3,04,670
Total expenditure of the village : 1,28,500
Total labor force participation(%) : 60
Dependency ratio : 0.7
Settlement area : 3068 hectors
Total sown area : 678 hectors
No of cattle : 1150
No of the banks : 1
No of milk collection centres : 2
Trades and commerce : Chilli, cotton and paddy
Transport : Busses, autos and jeeps
No of BPL families : 227

Rural Economy
• The Rural Economy in India is wholly agriculture based
• Rural Economy in India has been playing an important
role towards the overall economic growth and social
growth of India
• Rural economy deals with the income and the
expenditure of the village

Revenue of village
• Property tax(levied on buildings & open spaces)
• Grant from the state government (in proportion of land revenue)
• Grants from the zilla parishad
• Professional tax
• Animal trade
• Taxes on piligrimage
• Electric bills
• Water tax and etc

Economic services(expenditure of village)
• Regular bus stop
• Forest products collector sub centre
• Rural industry estate
• metalled road(DR)
• Fertiliser/ pesticide distribution centre
• Repair shop
• Consumer co-operative
• Bi-weekly market
• Seeds/pesticide distribution centre
• Co-operative bank

Traditional
occupations
Fishing
Cottage
industry
Pottery
Business
Small scale
industries
Carpentry
Priests
Black smith
Gold smith
Barber
Leather
workers
Non traditional
occupations
Teacher
Truck drivers
Clerks in cottage
industries
Tourist guides
Community
services
Social services
Mining and
quarrying
Post
Hospital services
Public
administration
Based on caste
Regardless of
caste
Agriculture is the
major source of income

Investment and expenditure on
agriculture
• Seed
• Organic manure
• Chemical fertilities
• Current repairs and maintenance
of fixed assets
• Feed of live stock
• Irrigation charges
• Electricity
• Pesticides and insecticides
• Diesel oil
• Financial intermediation services
Source: national account statistics 2004(http://kashvet.uni.cc//)
• Farms
• Live stocks
Source of income from the
agriculture

Income
Revenue of the village
Property tax(house) : 20,990
Production tax : 94,920
Domestic electricity
collections
: 1,88,760
Total : 3,04,670
Development of village
panchayat
: 24,500
Salaries of the panchayat staff : 24,000
Reparing of side canals : 20,000
Street lighting : 10,000
Reapairing of water
distribution system
: 50,000
Total : 1,28,500
Expenditure

Major characteristics of kambhampaduWithrespecttothe
economicresources
 Minerals and mining
 Electricity and power
 Land and land use pattern
 Agriculture
 Animal husbandry
 Industry
 Trade and commerce
 Transport

Land and land attributes hectors
Irrigated area : 172
Un irrigated area : 506
Cultiurable wast-e : 773
Area not under cultivation : 194.8
Settlement area 1423.19
Total area : 3068
 Minerals and quarrying
 There was the quarry of the shabad rocks,
so there is a great employment in those
days
 But now that is disappeared, so the
employment levels are decreased Total
cultivated land
 The working population of males is also
decreased after this
 Electricity and power
The village gets electricity from the
rayavaram substation
They are supplying electricity to village
with a transformer of capacity 15 hp
no of connections is 1990
 Agriculture
 Total cultivated area- 678 hectors
 Crops grown-paddy
-chillies
-cotton

Economic scenario of the village
 Trade and commerce
 the main exports of the khambampadu are
paddy,red chillies, cotton.
 The bricks are also exported to the
maximum stretch till narsaraopet
 Animal husbandry
 Total no of cattle is 1150
 There are three milk booths
 For the weternary purpose one should go
to macharla
 Transport
 There are cc and thar roads in the village
 Street lighiting is provided one side of road
 The state highway 2 is passing by the
village
 Industry
 One private Brick klin
 Two rice mills
 There is a cement manufacturing
company in macharla

 Poverty
 More no of BPL families( no of BPL families 227)
 Lack of awareness
 Job opportunities
 Habit of thrift
 Lack of adequate grants
Usually the main funds from the central and state government is 13th finance
commission grant for the village development. But it is pending due to the
political problems in our country

 Poverty allevation :MGREG
 Lack of awareness : conductiong awareness programmes
 Lack of resources : using alternative technlogy

Required budget
Sector Required
fund
Housing 5000000
Sanitation 665200
Roads 1100000
Total
Type by volume Income
generation
20 mm 2000000
40 mm 1500000
Total 3500000
Development and
maintenance of the quarry
1500000
Grand total for village
development
2000000

Cost estimation
 Housing : 1,80,25,000
 There are 721 houses need to be constructed
 The proposed area of a house is 20 sq.m.
 The cost of construction of house is 25,000
 Composition of investors
 Government loan: 17,500INR
 Government subsidy: 5000INR
 Beneficiary: 500INR
 Sanitation:
 Construction of STP : 63000
 ConstructionToilets :
1027(7257INR per each )
 Composition of investors
 Government : 22007
 Benficiary : 5000

Cost estimation
 Roads : 1100000
 Construction of stone terraced
roads
 Laying of shabad rocks roads about
4.2 km
 Each rock volume is 0.5 cubic
meter.
 Water supply
 Construction of a pump house
 Construction of treatment plant
 Construction of 2 distributive
plants
 One bore of capacity-5 hp
 One water tank of capacity
40,000

Land utilization and irrigation
22-06-2014
categories 1981 ( Hect) 1991 (Hect) 2001 (Hect) 2011 (Hect)
Area 1644 3068.72 3068.72 3068.72
Irrigated ----- 139.62 8.09 172
Unirrigated 942 60.70 1250 506
Culturable
waste
114 34.80 29.95 773
Area not under
cultivation
588 412.37 374.36 194.8
Area under water
canal
---- ---- ---- 50.18
Decadal overview

Land utilization
landuse
non-cultivable area
cultivable areaLand utilization
Non-
cultivable area
residential
commercial
Cultivable
area
irrigated
Public and semi-
public
Roads and
transportation`
Water canal
Culturable
waste
Un irrigated
Barren land
TOTAL AREA: 3068.3 hec
Non- cultivable area: 1364.62 hec
Cultivable area: 1693.98 hec

Land utilization
AREA UNDER CULTIVATION: 1693.98 hec
Irrigated- 172 hec (425.01 acres) (10.15%)
Un irrigated- 506 hec (1250.339 acres) (29.87%)
Barren lands- 194.8 hec (407.225 acres) (11.49%)
Culturable wastes- 773 hec (1910.104 acres) (45.63%)
Water canal- 50.18 hec (123.996 acres) (2.86%)
Cultivable area
irrigated
unirrigated
barren lands
culturable wastes
water canal

Map showing land use under administrative
boundary

22-06-2014
Land utilization
Present scenario
Total area- 3068.30 hec (7581.111 acres)
Settlement area- 1364.32 hec (3371.271 acres)
Residential- 1124.55 hec (82.42 %)
Commercial- 27.28 hec (2%)
Public-semi public- 125.51 (9.2%)
Roads and transportation- 87.04 hec (6.38 %)
Non- cultivable area
residential
commercial
public and semi-public
roads and
transportation

Maps showing land use in the village

Irrigation
Present scenario
 Water channels are drawn from the canal passing near by from Nagarjuna Sagar
to Bugga Dam
 Of total 5900 acres fields, 4200 acres is supplied with Nagarjuna sagar water
through canals
Source of water supply No. of acres
Rain fed 600
Nagarjuna sagar project 3000
Bore wells 600
Type of croping/area Water supplied in million
cubic lit
Wet crops ( 1400) 259.2
Dry crops (2800) 138.24
Ayacut crops ( 2400) 444.34
Agriculture
Water supply
according to
type of crop

22-06-2014
Type of region
plain
lowlands
uplands
Type of land % of land
plain 26
lowlands 4
uplands 70
Seasons kariff
rabi
both
4th Qtr
seasons % of land
kariff 39
rabi 15
both 45
Crop Cultivation mirchi
mirchi and cotton
mirchi and paddy
paddy
all
cultivation % of land
Mirchi 48
mirchi and cotton 5
mirchi and paddy 5
paddy 37
All 5
Type of fertiliser
artificial
natural
Type of fertiliser % in usage
artificial 77
natural 23
P
R
I
M
A
R
Y
D
A
T
A
A
N
A
L
Y
S
I
S

PROBLEM STATEMENT
 Though there are canals but water in it is not adequate for
irrigation
 45.68% of land is under Culturable waste
 Barren lands in the settlement has been more because of its
inorganic and caste based development
 11.49% of barren lands (no water facility)
 Farmers using artificial fertilizers
 Crops in uplands have no proper irrigation as they are mostly
dependent on bore wells
 Have frequent power cuts
 Timing of power cuts unknown
 Small land holdings

PROPOSALS
 Cash crops which take less water can be introduced
E.g.Tobacco , aloeVera etc.
 Culturable waste lands can also be used for grazing and fuel wood
 small land holders can be united to have single bore
 Fishing can be encouraged in the Culturable wastelands by lakes or
in water bodies kambhampadu and palvay major, canal through
bugga dam and nagarjuna Sagar
 As nagarjuna Sagar is serving many villages around, water for
kambhampadu can be drawn from bugga dam which serves only
for electricity purpose

Schemes
Central sector scheme
(a)To operationalise appropriate, cost effective and proven technologies for development of
various categories of wastelands specially problem lands affected by soil erosion, land
degradation, salinity, alkalinity, water logging etc.
(b)To implement location specific pilot project as demonstration models for development of
wastelands on a sustainable basis.
( c )To take up pilot projects for development of wastelands through land based activities
including pisciculture, duckery, bee-keeping, etc.
(d)To disseminate research findings about new and appropriate technologies and the application
of such technologies for promoting wastelands development.
(e)To undertake mapping of wastelands including preparation of thematic maps relevant for the
purpose of designing of watershed development projects/schemes using conventional and
state-of-the-art technologies, methods and materials and to prepare watershed development
project for identified areas.
(f)To undertake and support preparation of watershed maps and atlas of micro watershed as an
aid to the planning and implementation of watershed development programs.

schemes
Integrated waste land development program
 The basic objective of this scheme is an integrated wastelands development based on village/micro watershed plans.
These plans are prepared after taking into consideration the land capability, site condition and local needs of the people.
 The scheme also aims at rural employment besides enhancing the contents of people's participation in the wastelands
development programs at all stages, which is ensured by providing modalities for equitable and sustainable sharing of
benefits and usufructs arising from such projects
Activities:
 The major activities taken up under the scheme are:
 In situ soil and moisture conservation measures like terracing, bunding, trenching, vegetative barriers and drainage line
treatment.
 Planting and sowing of multi-purpose trees, shrubs, grasses, legumes and pasture land development.
 Encouraging natural regeneration.
 Promotion of agro-forestry & horticulture.
 Wood substitution and fuel wood conservation measures.
 Awareness raising, training & extension.
 Encouraging people's participation through community organization and capacity building.
 Drainage Line treatment by vegetative and engineering structures
 Development of small water Harvesting Structures.
 A forestation of degraded forest and non forest wasteland.
 Development and conservation of common Property Resources.

SchemesDrought prone area program
 To minimize the adverse effects of drought on the production of crops, livestock and productivity of land,
water and human resources with drought proofing techniques.
 To promote the over economic development and improve the socio-economic conditions of vulnerable
groups
Desert development program
 To mitigate the adverse effects of desertification and adverse climatic conditions on crops, human and
livestock population, combating desertification.
 To restore ecological balance by harnessing, conserving and developing natural resources i.e. land, water,
vegetative cover and rising land productivity.
 To implement developmental works through the watershed approach, for land development, water
resource development and afforestation/pasture development
Intensive cotton development program
 Centrally sponsored scheme
 To enhance the production, per unit area through
(a) technology transfer
(b) supply of quality seeds
(c) providing adequate and timely inputs to the farmers
Minkit program for rice, wheat and coarse cereals
 The objectives of the scheme is to increase the productivity by popularising the use of newly released
hybrid/ high yielding varieties

schemes
 Rashtriya krishi vikas yojna
 The RKVY aims at achieving 4% annual growth in agriculture sector during XI plan period.The main objectives are
 To incentivize the states so as to increase public investment inAgriculture and allied sectors.
 To provide flexibility and autonomy to states in the process of planning and executingAgriculture and allied sector
schemes.
 To ensure the preparation of agriculture plans for the districts and the states based on agro-climatic conditions,
availability of technology and natural resources.
 To ensure that the local needs/crops/priorities are better reflected in the agricultural plans of the states.
 To achieve the goal of reducing the yield gaps in important crops, through focussed interventions.
 To maximize returns to the farmers inAgriculture and allied sectors.
 To bring about quantifiable changes in the production and productivity of various components ofAgriculture and
allied sectors by addressing them in a holistic manner.

schemes
 These guidelines are applicable to all the States and UnionTerritories that fulfill the eligibility conditions.
 The RKVY will be a State Plan Scheme.The eligibility for assistance under the scheme would depend
upon the amount provided in State Plan Budgets forAgriculture and allied sectors, over and above the
base line percentage expenditure incurred by the State Governments on Agriculture and allied sectors.
 The list of allied sectors as indicated by the Planning Commission will be the basis for determining the
sectoral expenditure, i.e Crop Husbandry (including Horticulture),Animal Husbandry and Fisheries,
Dairy Development,Agricultural Research and Education, Forestry andWildlife, Plantation and
Agricultural Marketing, Food Storage andWarehousing, Soil andWater Conservation,Agricultural
Financial Institutions, other Agricultural Programmes and Cooperation.
 Each state will ensure that the baseline share of agriculture in its total State Plan expenditure (excluding
the assistance under the RKVY) is at least maintained, and upon its doing so, it will be able to access the
RKVY funds.
 The base line would be a moving average and the average of the previous three years will be taken into
account for determining the eligibility under the RKVY, after excluding the funds already received.The
RKVY funds would be provided to the states as 100% grant by the Central Government.
 The process of determining eligibility under the RKVY is illustrated in Annexure-I.The states are
required to prepare theAgriculture Plans for the districts and the state that comprehensively cover
resources and indicate definite action plans.

schemes
 Since the RKVY is applicable to the entire State Plan forAgriculture and allied sectors, and seeks to encourage
convergence with schemes like NREGS, SGSY and BRGF, the Planning Commission and the Ministry ofAgriculture will
together examine the States’ overall Plan proposals forAgriculture and allied sectors as part of theAnnual Plan approval
exercise.At this stage, in consultation with the Ministry of Panchayati Raj it will also be decided if the requirements with
respect to the District Development Plans have been met or not.Advice may also be taken from DAHD &F, Ministry of
Water Resources, MoRD, DARE, and NRAA, if the convergence has been appropriately factored in.
 Once a state becomes eligible for the RKVY, the quantum of assistance and the process of subsequent allocation to the
state will be in accordance with the parameters and the respective weights, as explained inAnnexure-II.
 It will be permissible for the states to initiate specific projects with definite time-lines, and clear objectives for
Agriculture and allied sectors excluding forestry and wild life, and plantations (ie., Coffee,Tea and Rubber). For this
purpose, the RKVY would be available to the states in two distinct streams.At least 75% of the allocated amount shall be
proposed under Stream-I for specific projects.The amount under Stream- II, will be available for strengthening the
existing state sector schemes and filling the resource gaps.A review of the ratios between Stream-I and II will be made
after a year’s experience in the implementation of the scheme.
 A State Level Sanctioning Committee (SLSC) headed by the Chief Secretary of the state will have the authority to
sanction specific projects under the Stream-I.The Government of India’s representative shall participate in the SLSC
meetings and the quorum shall not be complete without the presence of at least one official from the Government of
India.
 There may arise a situation when a particular state becomes ineligible to avail of the funds under the RKVY in a
subsequent year due to its lowered expenditure onAgriculture and allied sectors. If this were to happen, the states shall
be required to commit their own resources for completing the sanctioned projects/schemes under the RKVY.

Transportation and road network
OverView:
•Nearest railway station- Macherla
•Distance from mandal headquarter(Macherla)-5.76 kms
•Distance from Guntur- 119kms
•Connectivity to Guntur, Macherla- SH-2 (Narketpally to Mederametla)
•Internal roads:
•Road widths- 3to 4.5 mts
•Street lights- 150
•Distance between street lights- 10 to 15 mts
Type of road percentage Length of road
Cement 35 4.2 kms
Kutcha(earthn roads and
stone terraced roads)
50 2.7 kms
B.T.Roads 15 1.6 kms
Road types (%)
cement
kacha
B.T.Roads

Transport network of Guntur
22-06-2014
kambhampadu

Bus route to Macherla, Guntur from kambhampadu
22-06-2014
Bus route Macherla
 7 seater autos are used for connectivity to Macherla
 Buses from Guntur towards Macherla passes through Kambhampadu,
Bus Route to Guntur
 State highway- 2(Narketpalli - Medarametla)
 119 kms from Guntur
 Time of journey- 2hrs
Macherla

MAJOR ROADS
SH-2 ( 1.2 kms)
Narketpalli to
Mederametla
Road connecting kambhampadu to the hamlet
(Gannavaram) nearby ( 0.93 kms)

 There are two main roads which are maintained by R&B
 These two roads are repaired every year to make them
patch free
SH-2 ( 1.2 kms)
 Narketpalli to Mederametla
 length of the road- 183 kms
 4-5 lakh rupees are spent for the maintenance of SH-2/ annum
Road connecting kambhampadu to the hamlet
(Gannavaram) nearby ( 0.93 kms)
 length of the road- 3kms
 20 lakhs spent for the construction of road
 20000-30000 rupees are spent for the maintenance kambhampadu –
gannavaram road each year

Kutcha roads
Internal roads- kutcha roads
•Kutcha roads are mostly observed in the areas which
have evolved during the recent past times
•% of kutcha roads-35 %
•Kutcha roads are mostly present in SC and ST
settlements

Cement roads
Internal roads- cement concrete
Cement concrete roads are mostly observed right to the
state highway to where the people moved due to caste
rivalries during the evolution of the settlement
% of cement concrete roads-49%
Cement roads are observed in OC settlements

Internal roads- Tiled Roads
•TILED ROADS is used for the construction of
internal roads during the origin of settlement
• % ofTILED roads-15%
•TILED roads are mostly observed in OC and BC
settlements

Internal roads
 Road widths- 3 to 4.5 mts
 no of street lights- 150
 distance between street lights- 10-15 mts
 functioning of street lights- On all the time
during power supply
Type of
road
Location(community) Road
widths
Cement OC 5
Kutcha SC/ST/BC 3 to 3.5
Tiled OC/BC 3.5 to 4.5

Bus facility
 Avg. no. of buses passing through kambhampadu per day -50
 Frequency of buses is more in btw. 8 am – 12 pm
 Routes in which most of the buses are operated
- piduguralla
- Guntur
 Only passenger buses halt at kambhampadu
 Last bus is at 7:30
 Frequency of buses - not satisfactory

macherla road
good
average
bad
Condition Of
Macherla Road Response In %
Good 82
Average 32
Bad 14
gannavaram road
good
average
bad
Condition Of
Gannavaram Road Response In %
Good 23
Average 61
Bad 5
internal roads
good
average
bad
Condition Of Internal Roads
Good 3
Average 68
Bad 29
The condition of roads leading to macherla and Gannavaram are good
because of the maintenance through R&B funds
51% of roads are made of locally available shah bad rocks / earthern surface,
the roads paved with cement have no proper continution

vehicle ownership
own
velicles
no velicles
Vehicle Owner Ship % Of Population
Own Velicles 18
No Velicles 82
frequently used mode
auto
bus
frequently used
mode % of population
auto 21
bus 79Most of the population do not own velicles and use public transportation (bus) to
go to macherla or other villages

Problem statement
 No homogeneity in the pattern of internal roads
 There is no other transportation mode( ie, auto) to other
villages except macherla
 Internal roads are not maintained
 Roads are not according to standards
 35 % of kutcha roads should be reduced

Presence of open
valves in the middle of
the internal roads
Discontinuation
of internal cement
roadsInformal pathways

proposals
 All katcha and stone terraced roads should be converted as
pucca roads
 Bharat nirman – up gradation of existing roads

HOUSING
OverView:-
•No of households- 1936
•Roof types ( % of households)
•RCC- 58.98
•Tiles -19.52
•Thatched – 14.51
•Asbestos – 6.97
•Wall types ( % of households)
•Stone – 60
•Brick – 40
•Age of houses- 65% are above 15 yrs
•Morphology – based on caste system
•Electricity
•Supply from Rayavaram and Durgi
•Legal connections-1130, illegal- 860
•Power cut- 12hrs

Types ,pattern &Morphology of houses
Morphology
 Lane – lane relation ship
The streets in the village are based on the caste system
 Lane – house relation ship
OC settlements- RCC houses with court yards in front of the houses
BC settlements- tiled, naparayi and semi pukka roofs with courtyards infront of the houses
SC/ST settlements- kutcha houses with less space /no space in front the houses
 House – house relationship
all the houses in the village are individual units, no row housing or cluster housing in the village
Type of houses
Pucca-stone, brick wall with Rcc, stone,Asbestos roof
Semi pucca-stone wall with thatched roof
Kutcha – mud wall with thatched roof
Pattern- irregular growth of village

22-06-2014
Housing in Kambhampadu
• Households in 1971-360
kutcha pucca semi pucca
BC 1 35 15
OC 0 13 3
SC 0 6 0
ST 5 3 3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
TYPE OF HOUSING
Type of
house
No.of.hous
es
percentag
e
Pucca 1277 65.96
Kutcha 281 14.5
Semi pucca 378 19.5
total 1936 100%
% of households
HOUSEHOLDS AS PER CASTE
OC- 36.7
BC- 40.6
SC-13.2
ST- 9.4

Type of Roof:-
Type of
Roof
Number
Of houses
% of the
houses
RCC 1142 58.98
Tiles 378 19.52
Thatched 281 14.51
asbestos 135 6.97
Total 1936 100
TILED RCC ASBESTOS
THATCHE
D
BC 7 37 5 1
OC 0 13 2 1
SC 0 5 0 1
ST 4 3 4 0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40

Type of wall
Type of
wall
No of
houses
Percenta
ge
stone 1161 60
brick 464 40
Total 1936 100
BRICK STONE
BC 11 40
OC 7 9
SC 2 4
ST 6 5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45

Type of Ownership
Type of
ownershi
p
No of
houses
percentag
e
Own 1335 68.95
Rented 601 31.04
Total 1936 100
RENTED OWNED
BC 6 45
OC 3 13
SC 6 0
ST 6 5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

Age of the houses
Age of the
House
No.of
houses
%of the
houses
Up to 20
years
678 35
Above 20
years
1258 65
total 1936 100
up to 20 years above 20 years
AGE OF
HOUSES
35 65
0
20
40
60
80
AGE OF HOUSES

Condition of Houses
roof STONE RCC ASBESTO
S
THATCHE
D
STON
E
GOOD GOOD AVERAGE BAD
BRICK ------- GOOD AVERAGE -----
MUD ------ ----- ------ BAD
wall
Good average bad
houses % 65.96 19.4 14.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

55%
45%
toilet in house
with toilet without toilet
14%
86%
% of houses having kitchen
inside & out side
kitchen inside the house kitchen out the house

Housing typology in kambhampadu
ShahabadTiled roof Thatched roof Asbestos roof
Shahabad wall, thatched roofrcc slab, brick wall shahabad foundation

Electricity
 Sources of electricity- Durgi , Rayavaram
 Capacity of transformers through which electricity is supplied to kambhampadu -15
KW
 Electricity consumed for agriculture purpose not metered
 No of legal connections- 1130 (including social infrastructure)
no of illegal connections- 860
 Electricity consumed in 2 months is 82789 units
No. units legally consumed are 48322
No. of units illegally consumed are 34466
There are two rice mills consuming 1843 units for 2 months
 No. of hours of power cut are -12 hours for households
19 hours for agriculture
 4 -5 new house registration per year

Problem statement
 About 65% of houses are more than 20 yrs old of which 14% are in dilaplated condition
In BC colony- 45%
In OC colony- 15%
In ST colony- 5%
 Prevalence of caste system in housing
 There are no sewers between the toilets & drains to pass the domestic waste
 45% of houses don’t have toilets
 Most of the electricity connections are illegal
 More than 12 hrs of power cut
 Housing shortage is 124.i.e.6.4%
 14% of the houses have kitchens out side the house.(in ST & BC colony)
 No. of BPL families are 227 with in them 124 families are home less.so there is demand in
housing among them
projection
 Households projected: 2533 till 2021 BC-367
 Increase in households: 597 OC-264
 No. of houses required: 721(597+124) ST-110 & ST-77

Proposals
 There is an opportunity for expansion of housing condition in the village.
 721 houses are need to constructed till 2021
UnderTotal santation campaign provide an incentive of 2200 INR for construction
of a sanitary latrine .
 Kambhampadu village have 14.5% houses in bad condition and the condition can be
improved by community participation in the village or through self help groups.
 Government can involve public private partnership in construction of new houses like
TATA group constructing the houses for a nominal cost of 32,000Rs.
 Weaker section housing schemes with APSHC &APSUHC
 Semi permanent rural housing- Rs 7500/- per unit (semi pucca houses)
 Rural permanent housing-Rs17,500/- per unit (kutcha houses)

RURAL PERMANENT HOUSING (APSHCL)
Unit cost 25000INR
GOAP loan 17500 INR
GOAP
subsidy
7000 INR
Beneficiaries
contribution
500 INR
Mode of construction
20 sq mt as per approved type
design on self help & mutual
help concept with out
involving any contractor
Target group
o Families income below 500INR
per month
o Villages having not less than 50%
of the houses earn marked for
SC’S, 10% of ST , 30% of BC’S &
EWS
Pattern of funding

Nano housing proposal Housing and Habitat Development
• It is quick house built in seven
days if you have a patch of land.
Basic model of 20 sq meters(251
sq ft), with flat roof will cost
around (32000rs)500 Euros.
• The life of the house is 20 years.
• Upgraded model with 30 sq
meters, which is the Indira Awas
Yojana model, will cost 700
Euros,
• Set up by ministry of rural
development using cost-effective
technologies, presently cost about
Rs.60,000 to Rs.70,000. this
program provides loans and
technical support for construction.
The repayment period is fifteen
years. Annual repayment instalments
for a loan of Rs.30,000 worked out
to Rs.2,000.
• every family habitation has a house
of at least 45 sq. m. with two rooms,
a kitchen cum dining space and
verandah, separate toilet and bathing
room and supply of running water in
all houses.

Weavers housing program-APSHCL
Target group
Weavers & Dhobis
Unit cost 40,000 INR
GOAP loan 30,000INR
GOAL subsidy 7000INR
Beneficiar
Contribution
3000INR
Pattern of funding
Mode of construction
Not less than 30sq mt as per approved
type design on self help & mutual help
concept with out involving any
contractor

Innovative approach to rural housing
 Self-help & mutual help
 Core house concept
 One or two fixed type designs to suit the local conditions.
 The is of nearly 146sq.ft plinth area with an easy possibilties of expansion with out any damage or
disturbances to the existing structures as per the neccesity & according to the improved economic position
of beneficiaries
• Cost effective & eco friendly construction technologies
using components like sand cement, pre cast door &Window frames, cement jallies, rcc rafters
 Subsidy cum loan assistance
 This scheme envisages Upgradation of houses by way of conversion of kutcha houses into semi-permanent
or permanent.
 The beneficiaries of the scheme will be rural households having annual income from Rs. 20,000 to Rs.
32,000 (just above the poverty line).
 Govt gives fixed loan cum subsidy along with technical & administrative support
Balance you help your self (loan= up to 40000, susidy =10000)
 Giving assistance to add his own resources to complete the house
 Principal bank branch system in handling of finance

National housing & habitat policy emerged for sudden rise of housing
shortage
objectives
 Creation of surplus in housing stock either on rental or ownership basis
 Providing quality & cost effective shelter options especially to the
vulnerable group & poor
 Empowering the panchayat raj institution & village cooperatives to mobilize
credit for adding to the housing stock
National mission for rural housing
 Set up by ministry of rural development
 It seeks to provide convergence of technology , habitat & energy related
issues in order to provide affordable shelter for all in rural areas ,with in
specified frame time & through community participation

Low cost technology of houses using local material
• TECHNOLOGIES FOR FOUNDATIONS ANDWALLS
• Precast Stone Masonry Blocks
• Solid Concrete Masonry Blocks
• Hollow Concrete Masonry Blocks
• RatTrap Bond Brick Masonry
Non erodable plaster for mud
.
Locally available mud, thatch, bamboo, reeds, ballies, cow-dung,
chopped hay, steel binding wire, chicken mesh, bitumen, cement, bricks,
sand etc.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR ROOFING
(General building materials like cement, bricks,
sand, stone, gravel, steel bars, wire-mesh etc and
wooden/ steel moulds for casting.)
• Precast R.C. Plank Flooring/Roofing Scheme
• Precast Channels Units
• Precast R.C. Core Units
• L-Pan Roofing Scheme
• Prefab Brick Panel System for Flooring/Roofing
• Unreinforced Pyramidal Brick Roof
• Micro Concrete RoofingTiles
• Country RoofingTiles
• Durable and fire resistant thatch roof

RECCOMENDATIONS
 Low cost technology should be used in all rural housing
programs
 Peoples participation in planning stage is also recommend to
be implemented
 Training should be given to construct the houses on self help
 identification of beneficiaries must be done at village level
according to 73rd constitutional amendment
 Building construction style should reflect the traditional
village sense
 Transparency should be maintained at every level I all rural
programs
 Affordable low cost material is best rather than using
exported material

SANITATION
OverView:
•Sanitary system- open drainage
•There are no sanitary toilets in the village ( open defecation)
•The flow of open drainages are according to gravity
•There is no sanitary maintenance
•There is no system for solid waste management

Sanitation in Kambhampadu
22-06-2014
Drainage:
 The village have no sanitary system
 The household wastes are let out as open drainage which is not a designed one
 The drain flow as per the surface slopes
 There is no maintenance for drainage in the village
 Only 45% households have toilets, rest open defecation
 There are no public toilets
 No Govt scheme is implemented in the village

Open drainage and over flows

Vulnerability of sanitation and drinking water
facility
Water supply connection laid
through drainage

Solid waste disposal
 There is no system for garbage collection

toilet in house
with toilet
without
toilet
toilet in house
with toilet 45
without toilet 55
sewerage system
open drainage
on site pit
sewerage system
open drainage 94
on site pit 6

Problem statement
 No sanitary system
 No individual sanitary toilets in houses
 No solid waste collection system
 No methods are adopted to convert animal wastes into
manures/compost
 50 % of roads are kutcha, making marshes due to
drainage over flows
 Solid waste is dumped in burial grounds and in open spaces which
are left in front of religious structures

Proposals:
 New open drainage system will be proposed for the village.
 Filteration and treatment of sewage.
 Treated water will be used for irrigation .
 Manure preparation pits will be prepared for the disposal of
animal urine and faecal matter.
 Proposal for the establishment of bio-fuel plant which
provides employment for daily labourers
 Construction of toilets underTSC programme

CarriageWay- 3M
Depth 0.3 M
Width 0.3
M
Depth 0.3 M
Width 0.3
M
Internal Roads

CarriageWay- 4M
Depth 1 M
Width 0.3
M
Depth 1 M
Width 0.3
M
Main Roads

Sewage treatment
plant
Land for compost pits
for manure preperation
Proposals for solid and sewage disposal :

Asbestos sheet
Bricks made of
Hallow concrete
bricks

WATER SUPPLY
OverView
•Drinking water- ground water
Wells-8
Tanks – 5
Hand pumps - 28
•Irrigational water-
Nagarjuna sagar-3000 acres
bore wells-600 acres
Rainfed -600 acres
•Ground water depth- 60 to 350ft
•Rainfall – 2 to 3 cms

Rural water supply
22-06-2014hampaduVillage)
 Rural water supply can be categorised under (i) Irrigation
(ii) Domestic water supply
 Sources of water supply in rural areas
Surface water resources Underground water resources
Rivers Tube wells
Lakes and streams Bore wells
Storage reservoirs Infiltration Galleries, Infiltration wells

Water supply in Kambhampadu
22-06-2014mbhampaduVillage)
Domestic water supply
 Water for domestic use are drawn by pipes from a single open well through
underground pipelines
 Some of the houses have individual bores
 No water supply from nagarjuna sagar or bugga dam for drinking
 2 water filters are used to make the open well water potable by private operators
 Availability of ground water: 60ft – 350ft
 Rainfall of the area is 2-3 cms
 Region neither comes under drought prone nor under flood prone but in summer
around 200-300 fields do not have supply of water
 No drinking water supply from NSP

Water supply sources
• Kotla baavi- open well- motor-7.5 hp
• Kolla baavi- open well- motor- 7.5 hp
• BC colony – bore well – 2 hp
• ST colony – bore well- 2 hp
• Panchayat office- bore well- 7.5 hp
• Vadra bazaar- bore well- 2 hp
• ZPH School – 2 hp
• SC colony (MPWS scheme) – 7.5 hp
Wells
• One overhead tank of 90,000 lit supplied by a bore
well
• 4 suppliment tanks
Tanks
• There are 28 hand pumpsHand pumps

Map showing location of hand pumps
LEGEND
HANDPUMPS
WORKING
HANDPUMPS
NOTWORKIN
TOTAL HAND PUMPS- 28
WORKING- 12
NON-WORKING- 16

location of Wells

Water sources for drinking purpose

Problem statement
 Domestic water supply
 Drinking water is through wells( no supply from near by canal/ bugga dam)
 No pipeline network for individual access
 Water tanks are constructed and maintained according to caste system
 The 90,000 lit water tank which is recently constructed is not being used
due to lack of completion of pipeline network
 Leakages in the existing water supply network

Proposals
 Laying a new water line from Bugga dam reservior
 Construction of single water tank for SC and ST with the
capacity of 1,00,000 lit capacity laying of new pipe lines for
the existing water tank which is of 90,000 lit capacity.
 Construction of pump house and water treatment plant

Social infrastructure in kambhampadu
1971
( vinukonda mandal)
1981
( Macherlamandal)
1991
( Macherlamandal)
Educational facility 1 primary school
Drinking water well well Well, hand pump
Post office yes yes yes
Bus stop ------- yes yes
Market ( shops) ------- --------- 10 units
Medical ------- --------- Child care centre by private
practitioner
Bank and primary health care centre were established during 2001-2011 census

Social Infrastructure
OverView
Educational facilities:
1 high school
2 primary schools (1 for S.C and 1 for others
Health facilities:
1 primary health care centre
Communal facilities:
1 post office
Panchayat office
4 anganwadi centres
1 bank
1 kalyanamandapam
2 burial grounds
Religious structures:
9 temples, 4 churches, mosque

SCHOOLS – 3 ( 1 primary school, 1 high school, 1 special school)
 Mid day meals
 Text books supply through govt
 Irregularity and drop outs is due to economical issues, more drop outs among girls aged above 14 yrs
 Yearly school maintenance grant- 15,000
 10,000- current bills, stationery
 5,000- 2,500 for library, remaining other uses
 Salaries-
 teachers- 18,000 – 34,000
 head masters- 18,000- 65,000
 Proposals-Tiffin facility to students, compound wall construction, night watch man, attender, transportation
facility( provision of cycles for students)
Primary school High school Special school
Timings 9am – 3:35 pm 10 am to 4:45 pm 9am – 3:35 pm
Student: teacher 30:1 21:1 6:1
Facilities ------- ------- Laboratory, computer education, library
Water bore Bore bore
toilets yes yes Yes

primary school
 according to standards
student : teacher = 30 :1
 no of teachers=7,
no of students= 170
 timings= 9 am to 3:35 pm
 no play ground
special school
 according to standards
student: teacher= 6:1
 no of students= 160
 no of teachers= 6
 area of the school= 1485 sqft.
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

High school
 no of students= 365
 no of teachers= 17
 rooms – students: rooms= 30:1
 students from gannavaram,
manchikallu, palvai gate
 Facilities - computer education,
library, lab facility
 water- boring
 sanitation- 2 toilets
 pass percentage- 65%
 NGO’s fund- construction, loans- benches, water, drainage
 Timings- 10:00 am to 4:45 pm ( special class for 10th standard- 1 hr

primary health care centre (phc- 12 hrs )
 Established on 21-8-2008, land provided by- NRI,
construction- Govt
 Facilities in the hospital- 2 toilets, labour ward,
pharmacy, theatre, sterilization room, laboratory,
 Staff- 1 staff nurse, 1 pharmacist, 1 lab technician, 2
doctors, trainingANM, supervisor, 1 MPHA
 No of cases per day- 80 to 90
No of new cases / month- 1500- 1600
 Major cases- old aged people( pains)
 No epidemics in the village
 Tubectomy is started in march- 15 cases recorded
Tubectomy cases- 6 to 8 / month,
Labour ward will start in November
 dog bites- 10-15/ month ,Deaths in old age grps is
mostly due to alcoholic consumption, smoking
• Dormitory- 6 beds
• 104- fixed days service- every
month 2nd week- mon
,tues,Wednesday,4th week-Thursday (
services offered- primary health
check up, first aid, diabetes,TB, BP)

Milk booth & regional rural bank
REGIONAL RURAL BANK
 Centre : state : Sponser = 10:3:7
 Type of deposits- savings, terms, recurring
 Loans-
seasonal agricultural advances,
cash credits,
domestic advances,
education,
vehicle loan,
housing loan( 5,00,000 INR),
Self Help Groups( 50,000- 5,00,000 INR)
 Interests – agriculture loans- 7%, other- 12 to 15 %
 % of population using bank facility- 60- 70 %

MILK BOOTH
 Name of booth- gurazala, vadlamudi diary
 Type of milk- buffalo only
 cost-
 45 INR / lit
 To farmer- 20INR/Lit
 Each farmer- 5 to 10 litres
 Total milk production of the village-
200 litres
 Total no of booths in the village-
5( 1 govt, 4 private)

Anganwadi( sisu sankshema sakha)
 Total no of anganwadi centres- 4
 Timings- 8:45am to 1:30 pm
 No of students in each centre- 20
 Activities- games, stories to children, teaching hygienic
habits to children, polio vaccines, first aid, medicines
 Age group of children- 3 to 5 yrs
 Food facility: from govt for every 6mnths/3mnths
 Pregnant/ anti-natals/lactites- halwa+ kichdi( once for 15
days)
 Kids- tea food(once for 15 days)
Eggs( Monday,Tuesday, Friday)
 Aug and oct- campaigns- about nutrition, for lactate
mothers, girls( 12 – 16 yrs age), helpline for ladies
 Facilities- No infra structure facilities

Religious structures
 Ramalayam
 Brahmamgari temple
 Sivalayam( ganga parvati Bringeswara swamy temple)
 Chowdeswari temple- padmasali caste
 Anjineya swamy temple- for BC colony
 Bugga malleswara swamy temple
 Poleramma( grama devatha)
 Kanaka durgamma temple ( NRI Constructed)
 Boddurai ( middle of village. Origin of village)
 Venugopalaswamy temple
 Madelswamy temple( worshipped by rajaka’s demolished)
 4 churches
 1 mosque
 1 kalyana mandayam( lord rama )

Location of temples

Location of churches

Problem Statement
 Education –
 There is no proper maintenance of infrastructure facilities
 High female drop out in secondary school
 Lack of transportation facility
 Health-
 No instruments for treatment which is intended to be provided in the PHC
 Communal facilities-
 No proper maintenance of post office and less users in the village
 Religious structures promoting more discrimination among villagers
 No proper maintenance of milk booth, decrease in the no of users of govt milk booth
 No infrastructural facilities ( water and sanitation) in anganwadi centres

Proposals
 Education –
Supply of bicycles to students under National socialAssistance Program
Creating awareness campaign about female literacy
Providing a watchman to take of the infrastructure during night times
 Health-
Provision of medical instruments in lab and computers in PHC with the
money of 1,75,000 which is sanctioned every year from the government
 Communal facilities-
Provision of toilets and water connection inAnganwadi centre
Awareness programs among villagers about money saving schemes in
post office

GOVT SCHEMES
OverView
•Schemes that are sanctioned
SC and ST action plan
Rajiv yuva shakthi
Mahatma Gandhi subsidiary scheme
DEEPAM
Rajiv vidya mission
Indiramma padakam
MGNREGS
•Schemes that are under implementation
Indiramma padakam
MGNREGS

INDIRAMMA PADAKAM
 Pensions
 Housing
Type of pension No of persons benifited Amount sanctioned ( INR in
lakhs)
Old aged people 71 14.200
Widows 46 9.200
Physically Handicapped 12 2.400
total 129 25.800
Type No of units Amount sanctioned (in lakhs)
Houses 414 116.13
plots 102 -------
Government schemes in village

 Education
 Electricity – 102 units – 12,750 INR (lakhs)
 Extra nutrition food for girls, pregnant women, lactite mothers- 293 people
 Under Indiramma padakam
rural water supply
primary education
linking roads
anganwadi
category No of units Amount sanctioned( INR)
Class rooms 1 2.25
Water supply 1 0.40
toilets 2 0.40

MGNREGS
•gives job cards for 100 days
• proposals going on for 150 days

MGNREGS scheme for economical year 2012-2013

In PHC
 CSSM scheme- Child Survival, Save Mother
 JSY- Janani SurakshaYojana
 JSSK- Janani Sisu Suraksha Karyakram
 Funds from govt- 1,75,000 INR per anum

Other schemes (not under implementation
due to lack of funds)
 SC and ST action plan
 Rajiv yuva shakthi (18-35 aged people are given loan for every 10
years)
 Minority Corporation (camp kept for every year)
 HIV, PHC, widows, DRDA, SGSY (20,000 INR loans)
 Pensions (old age, widows) 2 lakhs every year
 Mahatma Gandhi subsidiary scheme developing canals,
irrigation. SC, ST, lands developing, drainage
 DEEPAM scheme LPG is supplied
 Rajiv vidya mission for school development

Problem Statement
 Schemes are not under implementation due to lack of funds from
the government
 On going schemes also not under proper supervision due to lack of
administration in the village ( no sarpanch at present)
 Schemes are not concentrated on the major problematic sectors of
the village ( water & sanitation)
 Lack of awareness in the people about the on going schemes

Schemes at a glance
Land
utilisation
•Drought ProneArea Program
•Central Sector Scheme
•IntegratedWaste Land
Development Program
•Desert Development Program
•Intensive Cotton Development
Program
•Minkit for rice, wheat and core
cereals
•Silvi pasture farms scheme – grass
•Margi money scheme – fuel wood
Usage of Barren lands and culturable
waste lands
Employment Indira Kranthi Padakam
DWCRA
Formation of self- help groups
Water
Supply
Accelerated Rural water supply
programme
Bharat nirman- Rural water supply
To meet the water requirement in the
village through existing water supply
sources

Housing Semi permanent rural
housing- Rs 7500/- per unit
Rural permanent housing-
Rs17,500/- per unit
IndiraAwasYojna
Nano housing
proposal(ppp)
Low cost technology for
construction of houses using
local material
 upgrading the
present condition of
houses
 provide houses to
attain the housing
shortage
Roads Bharat Nirman- Rural Road
network
To upgrade the existing
internal roads
Sanitation TSC
Central Rural Sanitation
Programme
Provision of sanitation
facilities
( construction of toilets)
Social infrastructure National social assistance program
National maternity benefit scheme
To upgrade the efficiency
of existing social
Infrastructure
To help the formation of
self help groups

Proposals
Drought prone area programme
 It aims at mitigating the adverse effects of drought on the production
of crops and livestock and productivity of land water and human
resources
 Allocation is to be shared equally by the central and state government
on 75:25 basis.
 Utilisation of 50% of allocation under the employment assurance
scheme(EAS is for the water shed development)
National mission for sustainable agriculture
 The mission identifies ten key dimensions for promoting the
sustainable agricultural practices by implementing a programme of
action (POA) covering both adaptation andmitigation measures
through four functional areas, namely, Research and
Development,Technologies,products and practices,Infrastructure and Capacity
building.

 National maternity benefit scheme
Provision of Rs500 per pregnancy to women belonging to
poor households for pre-natal and post natal maternity care
upto first two live births
 Indira Kranthi Padakam
the activities of DWAKRA andVelugu scheme were
integrated under a programme called Indira Kranthi Padakam

SWOT Analysis
STRENGTH
Presence of nagarjuna Sagar, used for only agriculture purpose
State highway
Agricultural economy
WEAKNESS
Caste system
No water supply for drinking from nagarjuna Sagar
Lack unity among themselves
Exploitation of shabad rocks
No govt. schemes implemented
OPPORTUNITY
Employment opportunities for SC, ST, BC population
More commercial activity
Concentration on shabad quarries
Improvement in health facilities
THREAT
Political issues
Stagnancy in development
Fall of in Education encouragement
Contagious diseases
SWOT

Rural Area planning

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