PLANTS CLASSIFY INTO DIFFERENT CATEGORIES - HERB , SHRUB AND TREES. FLOWER IS REPRODUCTIVE PART OF PLANT . FLOWER CONTAIN MALE REPRODUCTIVE PART AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE PART

1. INTRODUCTION OF
PLANTS
RUPALI KADAM

2. GETTING TO KNOW PLANTS
Plants can be classified on the basis of
their height, stem and branches. On
these
parameters, plants can be of three
types, viz. herbs, shrubs and trees..

3. Herbs
• Herbs are small plants
which have soft stem.
Examples: Wheat,
paddy, cabbage, grass,
coriander, etc.

4. Shrubs
These are bushy and medium
sized plants and they are
somewhat bigger
than herbs. Their branches
start from just above the
ground. Examples: Lemon,
Coriander, Henna,
Rose, etc

5. Root
The underground part of a plant is called root. It
is usually pale in colour.
Functions of Root:
Roots hold the plant firmly
in the soil and thus provide
anchorage to the plant.
Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil.

6. Tree
These are tall and large plants with
hard and woody stem. A single
main-stem arises from the ground.
The main-stem is called trunk. The
trunk gives out many branches at
certain height. The branches carry
leaves, flowers and fruits.
Examples:Mango, banyan, acacia,
coconut, poplar, willow, etc.

7. Functions of stem
The stem gives structural support to the plant.
It bears branches, leaves, flowers and fruits.
The stem carries water and minerals from the
roots to different parts of the plant.
Stem gets modified for food storage in some
plants, e.g. potato, ginger, turmeric, etc.

8. Stem
Stem usually grows above the ground. The stem
makes the main structural
framework of the plant. The
stem bears leaves, branches,
buds, flowers and fruits

9. Leaf
The leaf is a thin, flat and green
structure which arises from the
node of the stem.The green
colour of leaves is due to the
presence of chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll is a
green-coloured pigment.
The flat green portion of the leaf is
called leaf-blade or
lamina. The leaf is attached to the
stem by a short stalk; called petiole

10. Functions of leaf
Photosynthesis: This is the main function of a
leaf. Plants prepare food from carbon
dioxide and water; in the presence of
chlorophyll and sunlight. This process is called
Photosynthesis.
Breathing: Stomata in leaves also facilitate
breathing by leaves.

11. Flower
Flower is the most beautiful
and colourful part of a
flowering plant. It is the
reproductive part of a plant.

12. Following are the main parts of a
flower:
Sepal:
The outer green leafy structure in a flower is called sepal.
Petals make the first
whorl of a flower. This whorl is called calyx. It protects the
flower at bud stage.
Petals:
The coloured leaf-like structures; next to the sepals; are
called petals. The
bright colours of the petals, attracts insects. This helps
the plants in reproduction.
The whorl formed by the petals is called corolla

13. Stamens:
Around the centre of the flower there are many little
stalks with swollen
tops. These are called Stamen. It is the male part of the
flower. Each stamen consists
of a green stalk called filament. A capsule-like structure;
called anther is at the top of
the stamen. The anther produces pollen grains. Pollen
grains are powder like
particles and take part in reproduction.
Pistil:
It is the female part of the flower. It is a flask- shaped
structure in the middle of
the flower. It is divided into three parts.

14. • Ovary:
The lower broader portion of the pistil is called
ovary. It contains the ovules
which take part in reproduction.
Style:
The narrow middle portion of the pistil is called
style.
Stigma:
The sticky end at the top of the style is called
stigma