Running Head: EARTH SCIENCE 1
EARTH SCIENCE
Earth Science
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Chapter Summary
In earth science, there are two main species from the benthic foraminifera. These two species include the neorotalia omanensis and operculina musawaensis. The two are discussed and described from the mountains of Oman. Musawaensis occurs in the formation of musawa with the association of plankitonoic Morozovella which indicates an early and middle Eocene age. Operculina, on the other hand, is a species that occurs during the formation of Abat. Its occurrence is associated with the planktonic foraminifera Acarininina. This indicates that its formation and occurrence was in the early Eocene age. The first record of the two species was done in the Middle East which showed the presence of some Neorotalia species. After recording its presence the Foraminifera genus representatives also described the formation of Linderina species in the nearest countries to where musawa was formed. However, the geographical locations and distributions of the recorded species are very big. It has covered a broad area including parts of the Middle East, Europe (from England to Romania). It also covers some parts of India and Australia, western pacific, and the Caribbean. The wide distribution of these species reflects the presence of different species that exhibits similar characteristics.
The two species are very common the shale of the lower part of the Abat formation as well as the mudstone. However, corals are very common in the limestone in the upper parts of Abat during its formation. There are also calcareous red algae species in the upper part of the Abat that occur during its formation. This makes it common for the Foraminifera to appear as the deposits in the upper part of the Abat. However, the formation of Abat has currently been dated as the early Eocene based on the planktonic foraminifera. This comprises of sediments that appear like a sequence of open-marine Basinal sediments. at the lower part of the Abat, a common Deep-Marine planktonic is also formed during the Abat formation. This Deep-Marine grows towards the upper side of the Abat and produces high energy to the outer parts of the limestone. The limestone is dominated by the benthonic foraminifera which comprise algae, corals, and echinoid plates. In the Abat, the mudstone and the packstone are separated by a thin and distinctive mudstone. This thin mudstone overlies a massive Foraminifera limestone which is 24m thick. The basal part of the limestone that is overlain by the thin mudstone is rich in the planktonic foraminifera. This has made the limestone a very valuable product in the world.
Running Head: EAR.
1. The Palaeozoic succession of Spiti, India contains a complete record of marine sedimentary rocks ranging in age from Cambrian to Permian.
2. The succession includes the Haimanta Group (Cambrian), Thango Formation (Ordovician), Takche Formation (Silurian), Muth Formation (Devonian), Kanawar Group (Carboniferous), and Kuling Group (Permian).
3. These sedimentary rocks comprise limestones, dolomites, shales, quartzites, and sandstones that provide a rich fossil record documenting the evolution of life during the Palaeozoic era in the region.
This document provides an overview of coal deposits in the Mamu Formation in the Anambra Basin of Nigeria. It discusses the geology, stratigraphy, evolution and paleoenvironmental characteristics of the basin. It also describes the exploration history of coal in the basin, focusing on deposits in the Mamu Formation. Finally, it discusses the economic potential of the coal deposits for combustion, gasification, and liquefaction. Nigeria has over 2 billion tonnes of coal reserves, with about 650 million tonnes proven, primarily located in the Anambra Basin.
The document provides an overview of the Pan-African Orogeny, a major tectonic event around 500 million years ago that resulted in the formation of mobile belts and the late Neoproterozoic supercontinent of Gondwana. It describes two main types of orogenic belts associated with the Pan-African Orogeny - those containing juvenile crust with island arc and ophiolite assemblages, and those composed of highly deformed older continental crust. It then focuses on the Arabian-Nubian Shield and Mozambique Belt, the two largest and best exposed Pan-African belts, detailing their lithological characteristics, tectonic evolution, and structural geology.
1) The document describes the geology of the Arakan Coastal Belt in western Myanmar, including the stratigraphy and depositional environments recorded by the Miocene sedimentary sequences in the region.
2) The Lower Miocene Laung Formation and lower Middle Miocene Yezaw Formation were deposited in deep marine slope and shelf environments, recording episodic uplift of the Himalayas.
3) The Upper Miocene Mayu Formation represents a southward prograding shelf-delta system, indicating deeper marine deposition further south and east beyond the prograding delta.
Sedimentology of the Turonian Ezeaku Sandstone in the Afikpo Basin, NigeriaPremier Publishers
Sedimentological studies, including outcrop logging, facies analysis and paleo-environmental studies were carried out in the Ezeaku Formation outcropping in Akpoha, Ibii, and Amasiri in order to determine the original depositional environment of these sandstone and associated concretions. The sandstone occurs as ridges; four facies were observed: which include bioturbated mudstone with randomly spherical concretions; ripple laminated, heterolithic, interbedded sandstone and mudstone; planar and trough cross-bedded facies; and swaley cross-stratified facies. Such a facies suite indicates that these bars and concretions were formed under a storm-influenced shelfal to shoreface environment. The paleo-current evidenced by the cross-bedding clearly shows a NE-SW paleo-flow indicating the Abakiliki and Oban massifs as provenance sources.
Our field trip to Swabi district observed the Paleozoic sedimentary rock sequence exposed in the Peshawar basin. An almost complete sequence from the Precambrian-Cambrian Tanawal formation to the Carboniferous Jafar Kandao formation was present. Sedimentary rocks seen included limestone of the Devonian Nowshera formation containing marine fossils like crinoids, gastropods, corals and brachiopods. The limestone was observed to be dolomitic and marbalized in places. Metamorphic rocks were also present but not described in detail. The tectonic setting of the area was described as transitional between a sedimentary fold-thrust belt to the south
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the Anambra basin refers to the sedimentary succession that directly overlies the facies of the southern benue trough.
the so calld Afikpo basin is not discussed seperately since it is cinsidered a paret of the basin.
the dominant facies of this basin is the presence of a segments of arterial Niger- benue drainage systems. other topographic features are inselbergs, plateaus and rolling plains.
the soils in the basin belongs to the interior zone of laterite soils.
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the lithostratigraphy of the basin is as follows: the nkporo group, the afikpo, owelli, Enugu, lafia, the nkporo shale, the Mamu formation, and the ajali formation
1. The Palaeozoic succession of Spiti, India contains a complete record of marine sedimentary rocks ranging in age from Cambrian to Permian.
2. The succession includes the Haimanta Group (Cambrian), Thango Formation (Ordovician), Takche Formation (Silurian), Muth Formation (Devonian), Kanawar Group (Carboniferous), and Kuling Group (Permian).
3. These sedimentary rocks comprise limestones, dolomites, shales, quartzites, and sandstones that provide a rich fossil record documenting the evolution of life during the Palaeozoic era in the region.
This document provides an overview of coal deposits in the Mamu Formation in the Anambra Basin of Nigeria. It discusses the geology, stratigraphy, evolution and paleoenvironmental characteristics of the basin. It also describes the exploration history of coal in the basin, focusing on deposits in the Mamu Formation. Finally, it discusses the economic potential of the coal deposits for combustion, gasification, and liquefaction. Nigeria has over 2 billion tonnes of coal reserves, with about 650 million tonnes proven, primarily located in the Anambra Basin.
The document provides an overview of the Pan-African Orogeny, a major tectonic event around 500 million years ago that resulted in the formation of mobile belts and the late Neoproterozoic supercontinent of Gondwana. It describes two main types of orogenic belts associated with the Pan-African Orogeny - those containing juvenile crust with island arc and ophiolite assemblages, and those composed of highly deformed older continental crust. It then focuses on the Arabian-Nubian Shield and Mozambique Belt, the two largest and best exposed Pan-African belts, detailing their lithological characteristics, tectonic evolution, and structural geology.
1) The document describes the geology of the Arakan Coastal Belt in western Myanmar, including the stratigraphy and depositional environments recorded by the Miocene sedimentary sequences in the region.
2) The Lower Miocene Laung Formation and lower Middle Miocene Yezaw Formation were deposited in deep marine slope and shelf environments, recording episodic uplift of the Himalayas.
3) The Upper Miocene Mayu Formation represents a southward prograding shelf-delta system, indicating deeper marine deposition further south and east beyond the prograding delta.
Sedimentology of the Turonian Ezeaku Sandstone in the Afikpo Basin, NigeriaPremier Publishers
Sedimentological studies, including outcrop logging, facies analysis and paleo-environmental studies were carried out in the Ezeaku Formation outcropping in Akpoha, Ibii, and Amasiri in order to determine the original depositional environment of these sandstone and associated concretions. The sandstone occurs as ridges; four facies were observed: which include bioturbated mudstone with randomly spherical concretions; ripple laminated, heterolithic, interbedded sandstone and mudstone; planar and trough cross-bedded facies; and swaley cross-stratified facies. Such a facies suite indicates that these bars and concretions were formed under a storm-influenced shelfal to shoreface environment. The paleo-current evidenced by the cross-bedding clearly shows a NE-SW paleo-flow indicating the Abakiliki and Oban massifs as provenance sources.
Our field trip to Swabi district observed the Paleozoic sedimentary rock sequence exposed in the Peshawar basin. An almost complete sequence from the Precambrian-Cambrian Tanawal formation to the Carboniferous Jafar Kandao formation was present. Sedimentary rocks seen included limestone of the Devonian Nowshera formation containing marine fossils like crinoids, gastropods, corals and brachiopods. The limestone was observed to be dolomitic and marbalized in places. Metamorphic rocks were also present but not described in detail. The tectonic setting of the area was described as transitional between a sedimentary fold-thrust belt to the south
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the Anambra basin refers to the sedimentary succession that directly overlies the facies of the southern benue trough.
the so calld Afikpo basin is not discussed seperately since it is cinsidered a paret of the basin.
the dominant facies of this basin is the presence of a segments of arterial Niger- benue drainage systems. other topographic features are inselbergs, plateaus and rolling plains.
the soils in the basin belongs to the interior zone of laterite soils.
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the lithostratigraphy of the basin is as follows: the nkporo group, the afikpo, owelli, Enugu, lafia, the nkporo shale, the Mamu formation, and the ajali formation
The term "trap" has been used in geology since 1785–95 for rock formations. It is derived from the Swedish word for stairs (trapp , trappa) and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
The plateau: also called a high plain or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain. A plateau is an elevated land. It is a flat-topped table standing above the surrounding area. A plateau may have one or more sides with steep slopes.
LIP – Large Igneous provinces. (Province = Area / Region)
DVP - The Deccan Volcanic Province is one of the Earth’s giant continental flood basalts and has a total exposed area of about half a million square kilometers in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujrat and some part of Andhra Pradesh. Deccan trap has maximum thickness 3400m in western ghat and its thickness goes decrease toward east side. At Amrakantat on east its thickness is just 160m. Geographical distribution is between latitudes 16° - 24° N and longitudes 70° - 77° E.
The document summarizes the stratigraphy of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins of Kutch and Cretaceous sedimentary succession in Ariyalur district, India. It describes the depositional environments, lithology, thickness, and fossil content of the different formations in these basins. The Kutch basin formed due to rifting in the Mesozoic and contains over 3000m of sediments ranging from Triassic to Cretaceous in age. The Cretaceous succession in Ariyalur district represents a marine transgression and contains rich fossil records across formations totaling over 2300m of sediments deposited over 35 million years.
This document summarizes a study of planktonic foraminifera from late Paleocene to early Eocene deposits in Gebel El Bruk area, north-central Sinai, Egypt. Three lithostratigraphic units were identified from oldest to youngest: Tarawan Formation, Esna Formation, and Thebes Formation. Six planktonic foraminiferal biozones were recognized from the study of samples: Globanomalina pseudomenardii Zone, Morozovella velascoensis Zone, Morozovella edgari/M. subbotinae Zone, Morozovella subbotinae Zone, Morozovella formosa formosa Zone, and Morozovella aragonensis Zone
Keys to paleogeographical interpretation of the enugu and the mamu formations...Alexander Decker
The document analyzes the lithofacies, palynological assemblages, and facies associations of the Enugu and Mamu Formations in southeastern Nigeria to interpret their depositional environments, paleogeography, and ages. Palynological analysis indicates a Late Campanian to Early Maastrichtian age for the Enugu Formation and Early-Mid Maastrichtian age for the Mamu Formation. The coarsening upward lithofacies and decrease in marine dinoflagellates from the Enugu to Mamu Formations suggest shallowing of the sea during regression. Facies associations grade from transgressive in the Enugu to regressive in the Mamu, representing marine transgression and subsequent shore
The cu mo±au mineralizations associated to the high-k calc-alkaline granitoi...Alexander Decker
This document describes copper-molybdenum-gold mineralizations associated with granitoids in the Tifnoute Valley region of Morocco. The mineralizations appear related to granites dated at 561 and 558 million years old. Alteration halos containing pyrite surround the granites. Two types of mineralization are described: 1) A molybdenite mineralization spatially linked to the Imourkhssan granite, and 2) A copper-gold vein mineralization linked to fractures in the Askaoun granodiorite. Characteristics of the mineralizations, including associated alteration zones and metal assemblages, are discussed in the context of representing an arc-type porphyry
The document discusses uranium exploration in the Ombilin intermontane basin in West Sumatra, Indonesia. It finds that the Tertiary sediments of the basin have potential to host sandstone-type uranium deposits, based on favorable geology. Exploration in the 1970s and 1980s identified four uranium anomalies in the area, two of which are likely associated with sandstone deposits. The anomalies warrant further investigation to evaluate the potential for economic uranium mineralization in the basin.
Petrography, Geochemistry and Age of Volcanic Rocks in the Gurasada Area, Nor...Ikramullah Sultana
The document describes volcanic rocks from the Gurasada area in the Southern Apuseni Mountains of Romania. It finds that the area contains a complex distribution of volcanic rock types including: 1) A bentonite deposit formed from weathered volcanic tuffs; 2) Overlying pyroclastic deposits of breccia and rare tuff; 3) The youngest andesitic lava flows. Petrographic analysis identified the bentonite as weathered dacitic tuff from an initial eruptive stage. The overlying pyroclastic rocks are mainly andesitic from a later, longer eruptive period. Radiometric dating indicates the volcanic rocks formed between 69-80 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous
The document discusses the genesis and preservation of uranium mineralizations in Phanerozoic Australian sedimentary basins. It notes that most sandstone-hosted uranium occurrences in Australia share characteristics relating to similar genetic histories and metallogenic epochs. It reviews uranium occurrences in Australian basins and aspects like mineralization descriptions, host formation environments, sea level variations, paleoclimate, and geochronology of uranium ore. The aim is to define the best periods of uranium mobility for sandstone-hosted mineralizations and provide new tools for exploration.
Evidences of metasomatic processes during the emplacement of pan african gran...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study of granites in the Ilesha schist belt in southwestern Nigeria. Geochemical and petrographic analysis was conducted on samples from a granite batholith north of the Ilesha schist belt. The results show evidence of potash metasomatism during emplacement, as indicated by the presence of microcline, myrmekite formations, and muscovite grains. Variations in major oxide concentrations with SiO2 suggest a change in mineral phase during differentiation of the magma. The granites plot in the calc-alkaline field, supporting their origin through continental collision during the Pan-African orogeny. Potash metasomatism may have occurred through
Tide generated sedimentary structures, lithofacies and particle size distribu...Alexander Decker
1. The study examines tide-generated sedimentary structures, lithofacies, and particle size distribution in the Ajali Sandstone formation in southeastern Nigeria to interpret the depositional environment.
2. Three lithofacies were identified including cross-bedded medium-coarse sandstone, cross-bedded fine sandstone, and ripple laminated mudstone. Tide-generated structures include herringbone cross-stratification, mud drapes, tidal bundles, and reactivation surfaces.
3. Trace fossils including Skolithos and Ophiomorpha burrows indicate deposition in intertidal to subtidal marine environments. Particle size analysis shows the sediments were transported by traction, saltation
This field trip guide describes stops along the Cairo-Ain Soukhna Road in Egypt to examine the regional geology. The stops will observe strata from the Middle Eocene to Miocene, including carbonate platforms, fluvial sandstones, basalt flows, and faulting. At the first stop, the group will overview Middle Eocene strata dipping into a fault zone. The second stop shows well-developed fluvial structures in the Oligocene Gebel el Ahmar Formation, where the group will sketch the outcrop. Later stops will examine cross-bedded carbonates in the Observatory Formation and a fault zone in the Maadi Formation. The guide provides a detailed description of the local stratigraphy
The document summarizes research on the Whanganui Basin in New Zealand. Stratigraphic layers at Ototoka Beach were analyzed to determine the depositional environments at different time periods. Analysis of fossils and dating techniques showed the layers alternated between terrestrial and marine environments due to glacial-eustatic sea level changes. Notable layers included the Lower Maxwell deposited in a swamp 1.78 Ma, the Pukekiwi Shell Sand in a marine environment at 1.75 Ma, and the Upper Maxwell in a swampy environment at 1.71 Ma, demonstrating the cyclical sea level changes. In total, the stratigraphic analysis allowed researchers to understand the glacial-interglacial cycle's impact
The Hunton Group limestone formed between 450-375 million years ago during the Paleozoic Era as sediments accumulated in shallow seas. These sediments were later lithified into limestone and uplifted during the Pennsylvanian period to form the Arbuckle Mountains. The Hunton Group is exposed in outcrops today and ranges from 100-1000 feet thick, consisting of grey limestone containing marine fossils. Younger Sylvan Shale and Viola Group limestones underlie the Hunton Group, also forming in shallow marine environments.
The document provides an overview of the Paleozoic era, which began approximately 542 million years ago and lasted around 290 million years. Some key points:
- Suitable time for organic evolution of both flora and fauna. Rocks from this era are less deformed, providing good sections for research.
- In India, Paleozoic rocks are mainly found in the Himalayan region and isolated basins in the peninsula. Stratigraphy has been determined along river sections in the Himalayas.
- Life included early plants, foraminifera, corals, brachiopods, pelecypods, gastropods, cephalopods, ostracods
The document summarizes research on the metamorphic rocks of Timor island in Indonesia. It finds that the rocks can be divided into three groups based on metamorphic grade: 1) high-grade granulite and amphibolite facies rocks that may represent fragments of ancient continental crust; 2) greenschist facies metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks; and 3) lustrous slates and associated rocks. All the metamorphic rocks are allochthonous thrust sheets. The high-grade rocks imply a Precambrian history for the region. Similar metamorphic rocks are found in other islands of the Outer Banda Arc, suggesting a shared tectonic history extending
Ras Muhammad Marine National Park is located on faulted and uplifted Neogene blocks that are
partially covered by Quaternary limestones of predominantly coralgal facies. The physiography of the
reefal limestone cropping out in the area and also the present-day depositional environments are
tectonically controlled. Surface morphology observations show that earthquake pools that cut through the
uplifted Pleistocene reefs indicate continuing recent movements, as indicated by numerous records of
seismic activity in the study area. The morphostructural-generated depositional facies patterns on the
peninsula are a wide tidal belt with tidal shoals and coastal spits, barrier and fringing reefs, three
elongated embayments, Hiddan Bay, mangrove and tidal channels, Ras Muhammad pool and sabkha, and
earthquake pools (two earth fissures). The distribution of marine plants is described for each area. The
abundance of algae in Ras Muhammad appeared to be inversely related to the abundance of living corals.
1. The document describes 10 stratigraphic formations observed in the Khewra Gorge and Chowa Road section in the Salt Range, including their lithology, age, fossils, and contacts.
2. Key formations discussed include the Salt Range Formation (Precambrian-Cambrian), Khewra Sandstone (Early Cambrian), Kussak Formation (Early-Middle Cambrian), and Jutana Formation (Early-Middle Cambrian).
3. Sedimentary structures observed in the field include ripple marks in the Khewra Sandstone formed by migrating ripples, and cross-bedding characterized by inclined layers within horizontal units.
Report on field work to salt range by tariq aziztariq aziz
The document summarizes a 4-day field trip to the Salt Range in Pakistan taken by geology students and faculty from the University of Swabi. The objectives of the trip were to study the lithology, depositional environments, sedimentary structures, rock types, contacts, and fossils in the area. During the trip, students visited sites representing different geological formations spanning from Precambrian to Eocene in age. These included the Sakesar Limestone, Tobra Formation, Baghanwala Formation, Salt Range Formation, Kusuk Formation, Jutana Formation, Warcha Sandstone, Sardai Formation, Amb Formation, Wargal Formation, Chhidru Formation, Mianwali Formation, King
Geological and Geochemical Characterization of the Neoproterozoic Derudieb Me...Premier Publishers
The meta- volcano - sedimentary sequences in the northern part of the Red Sea Hills comprise a sequence of metamorphosed rocks at low green schist facies of metamorphism consisting of lava flows, tuffs to breccias and agglomerates range in composition from basalts and andesites to rhyolites. Geologically the meta volcano sedimentary sequences is divided into metavolcanic rocks and metasediments. The metavolcanic rocks range in composition from mafic to felsic. The metasediments are represented by banded schist, quartzite and marble. The samples collected for study lie within the field of sub-alkaline rocks except one mafic volcanic sample, which plot near the boundary in the alkaline field and thus follow a transitional tholeiitic to calc-alkaline trend (increasing FeO* relative to MgO). The behavior of the large ion lithophile element (LILE) in the studied metavolcanics confirms the early fractionation of plagioclase. These rocks display negative Nb anomalies, suggesting that the melt source was modified by subduction-related fluids. Tectonically all felsic samples fall in the field of volcanic arc granitoids whereas the mafic units plot firmly within the plate margin field.
Running head CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 1CRIMINOLOGICAL THEOR.docxtodd271
Running head: CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
1
CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
5
Criminological Theories
MCJ 5135 Theory of Crime and Criminology
The Relevance of Psychological Theories in Criminology
The engagement of an individual in criminal activities is often influenced by various underlying factors. As such various theories have been developed to explain the behavioral patterns of criminals and enable the criminal justice departments to operate effectively. Among the developed theories, the psychological theories are perhaps the most accurate in the field of criminology. Psychological theories are based on an interaction between biological and social-cultural factors that either promote or deter criminal behavior, (Walters, 2016). Classical theories of criminology did not account for the state of mind of criminals. As such, many criminals in the past were convicted of crimes they committed unknowingly. This has changed since the adoption of psychological theories. Both individuals as well as criminal justice officials now understand that psychological factors influence criminal behavior. Appropriate measures have been implemented to ensure that the criminal justice department treats all persons fairly by assessing underlying psychological factors. As such, psychological theories have not only promoted the work of the criminal justice department but also promoted individual awareness about underlying mental conditions that affect an individual’s behavior, (Byrne & Hummer, 2016).
Review of the Literature
1. Byrne, J., & Hummer, D. (2016). An examination of the impact of criminological theory on community corrections practice. Fed. Probation, 80, 15.
According toByrne & Hummer (2016), psychological theories have the most direct influence on probation and parole compared to other theories of criminology. The authors have comprehensively analyzed the impact of various theories used to evaluate criminal behavior. They suggest that behavior is intertwined with unconscious motives. Therefore, understanding the reasons behind a crime requires a psychological evaluation to understand the interaction of the two factors. This article is suitable for this research because it captures the relevance of psychological theories in criminology.
2. Dippong, J., & Fitch, C. (2017). Emotions in criminological theory: Insights from social psychology. Sociology Compass, 11(4), e12473.
Few formal theories have been developed to capture the role of emotional processes as facilitators or inhibitors of crime, (Dippong & Fitch, 2017). According to the authors, gaps in criminology can be filled by focusing on the underlying psychological factors of the offenders. The article highlights the effect that practices such as interrogation have on the mental state of an individual thus resulting in inaccurate findings during criminal investigations. As such, this article is a reliable source of information about the relevance of applying psychological theories in criminology. .
Running head COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS .docxtodd271
Running head: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 3
A comparative analysis between Korean melodrama and other local melodrama
Student name
Institution
Most studies in recent times have discovered that Korean dramas have come with a “Korean wave” in media in the global stage. Audiences have been reconceptualised due to the availability of internet and computer that have facilitated the digital revolution. Korean melodrama has earned more views than local melodrama, a result of its marketing its content without owning a means of distribution.
Korean melodrama is a representation of a product that is a hybrid of Hollywood, since Korean melodrama makes use of practices, tools, and conventions in the narrative that comes with the preoccupation of the Korean socio-political and historical aspects. The aspect of familiarity that lacks in local melodrama exists in Korean melodrama. Studies in have shown that audiences tend to respond positively to things they are familiar to and that is exactly what Korean melodrama is.
The use of genre by Korean melodrama is a huge success to its big audiences from the west, as a study by the Korean Creative Content Agency (KOCCA) back in 2015 estimated that around 19 million Americans enjoy Korean melodrama compared to five million who preferred local melodrama as they are a definition of what the world is in reality. The aspect of what is good and what is bad entangled with emotional narratives that give the audience an opportunity to select a hero or a heroine (Martin, 2019).
Korean melodrama are structured in a way that the audience can critique structures of institutional powers and explore a world with aspects of complex social issues. Korean melodrama has a vital element of their characters not being complex and this does not place a huge burden of danger or any sort of conflict in their existing world (Smith, 2017). The study also found out that Korean dramas have integrated aspects of adventures, romance and included professional fields like doctors and police, and lawyer, which are familiar genres to the audience. The structure of the Korean melodrama comes along with themes and selective iconography that make Korean melodrama suitable for global audiences.
Korean drama has earned viewers more than local dramas in the local stage given the Korean dramas depict the actual Korean culture. Most people are attracted to Korean melodrama since they are interested with the reality. A study by a Korean television found out that their supervisor had received more than five hundred emails from people who were not Korean to include English subtitles in their videos. This proves to be a massive support comparing people have less interest in their local drama. Korean drama have earned a huge fan base due to the license agreement of online streaming that was agreed by Korea (Moon, 2019). Studies have recorded that the market of Korean melodrama has around 12% of them wh.
The term "trap" has been used in geology since 1785–95 for rock formations. It is derived from the Swedish word for stairs (trapp , trappa) and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
The plateau: also called a high plain or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain. A plateau is an elevated land. It is a flat-topped table standing above the surrounding area. A plateau may have one or more sides with steep slopes.
LIP – Large Igneous provinces. (Province = Area / Region)
DVP - The Deccan Volcanic Province is one of the Earth’s giant continental flood basalts and has a total exposed area of about half a million square kilometers in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujrat and some part of Andhra Pradesh. Deccan trap has maximum thickness 3400m in western ghat and its thickness goes decrease toward east side. At Amrakantat on east its thickness is just 160m. Geographical distribution is between latitudes 16° - 24° N and longitudes 70° - 77° E.
The document summarizes the stratigraphy of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins of Kutch and Cretaceous sedimentary succession in Ariyalur district, India. It describes the depositional environments, lithology, thickness, and fossil content of the different formations in these basins. The Kutch basin formed due to rifting in the Mesozoic and contains over 3000m of sediments ranging from Triassic to Cretaceous in age. The Cretaceous succession in Ariyalur district represents a marine transgression and contains rich fossil records across formations totaling over 2300m of sediments deposited over 35 million years.
This document summarizes a study of planktonic foraminifera from late Paleocene to early Eocene deposits in Gebel El Bruk area, north-central Sinai, Egypt. Three lithostratigraphic units were identified from oldest to youngest: Tarawan Formation, Esna Formation, and Thebes Formation. Six planktonic foraminiferal biozones were recognized from the study of samples: Globanomalina pseudomenardii Zone, Morozovella velascoensis Zone, Morozovella edgari/M. subbotinae Zone, Morozovella subbotinae Zone, Morozovella formosa formosa Zone, and Morozovella aragonensis Zone
Keys to paleogeographical interpretation of the enugu and the mamu formations...Alexander Decker
The document analyzes the lithofacies, palynological assemblages, and facies associations of the Enugu and Mamu Formations in southeastern Nigeria to interpret their depositional environments, paleogeography, and ages. Palynological analysis indicates a Late Campanian to Early Maastrichtian age for the Enugu Formation and Early-Mid Maastrichtian age for the Mamu Formation. The coarsening upward lithofacies and decrease in marine dinoflagellates from the Enugu to Mamu Formations suggest shallowing of the sea during regression. Facies associations grade from transgressive in the Enugu to regressive in the Mamu, representing marine transgression and subsequent shore
The cu mo±au mineralizations associated to the high-k calc-alkaline granitoi...Alexander Decker
This document describes copper-molybdenum-gold mineralizations associated with granitoids in the Tifnoute Valley region of Morocco. The mineralizations appear related to granites dated at 561 and 558 million years old. Alteration halos containing pyrite surround the granites. Two types of mineralization are described: 1) A molybdenite mineralization spatially linked to the Imourkhssan granite, and 2) A copper-gold vein mineralization linked to fractures in the Askaoun granodiorite. Characteristics of the mineralizations, including associated alteration zones and metal assemblages, are discussed in the context of representing an arc-type porphyry
The document discusses uranium exploration in the Ombilin intermontane basin in West Sumatra, Indonesia. It finds that the Tertiary sediments of the basin have potential to host sandstone-type uranium deposits, based on favorable geology. Exploration in the 1970s and 1980s identified four uranium anomalies in the area, two of which are likely associated with sandstone deposits. The anomalies warrant further investigation to evaluate the potential for economic uranium mineralization in the basin.
Petrography, Geochemistry and Age of Volcanic Rocks in the Gurasada Area, Nor...Ikramullah Sultana
The document describes volcanic rocks from the Gurasada area in the Southern Apuseni Mountains of Romania. It finds that the area contains a complex distribution of volcanic rock types including: 1) A bentonite deposit formed from weathered volcanic tuffs; 2) Overlying pyroclastic deposits of breccia and rare tuff; 3) The youngest andesitic lava flows. Petrographic analysis identified the bentonite as weathered dacitic tuff from an initial eruptive stage. The overlying pyroclastic rocks are mainly andesitic from a later, longer eruptive period. Radiometric dating indicates the volcanic rocks formed between 69-80 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous
The document discusses the genesis and preservation of uranium mineralizations in Phanerozoic Australian sedimentary basins. It notes that most sandstone-hosted uranium occurrences in Australia share characteristics relating to similar genetic histories and metallogenic epochs. It reviews uranium occurrences in Australian basins and aspects like mineralization descriptions, host formation environments, sea level variations, paleoclimate, and geochronology of uranium ore. The aim is to define the best periods of uranium mobility for sandstone-hosted mineralizations and provide new tools for exploration.
Evidences of metasomatic processes during the emplacement of pan african gran...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study of granites in the Ilesha schist belt in southwestern Nigeria. Geochemical and petrographic analysis was conducted on samples from a granite batholith north of the Ilesha schist belt. The results show evidence of potash metasomatism during emplacement, as indicated by the presence of microcline, myrmekite formations, and muscovite grains. Variations in major oxide concentrations with SiO2 suggest a change in mineral phase during differentiation of the magma. The granites plot in the calc-alkaline field, supporting their origin through continental collision during the Pan-African orogeny. Potash metasomatism may have occurred through
Tide generated sedimentary structures, lithofacies and particle size distribu...Alexander Decker
1. The study examines tide-generated sedimentary structures, lithofacies, and particle size distribution in the Ajali Sandstone formation in southeastern Nigeria to interpret the depositional environment.
2. Three lithofacies were identified including cross-bedded medium-coarse sandstone, cross-bedded fine sandstone, and ripple laminated mudstone. Tide-generated structures include herringbone cross-stratification, mud drapes, tidal bundles, and reactivation surfaces.
3. Trace fossils including Skolithos and Ophiomorpha burrows indicate deposition in intertidal to subtidal marine environments. Particle size analysis shows the sediments were transported by traction, saltation
This field trip guide describes stops along the Cairo-Ain Soukhna Road in Egypt to examine the regional geology. The stops will observe strata from the Middle Eocene to Miocene, including carbonate platforms, fluvial sandstones, basalt flows, and faulting. At the first stop, the group will overview Middle Eocene strata dipping into a fault zone. The second stop shows well-developed fluvial structures in the Oligocene Gebel el Ahmar Formation, where the group will sketch the outcrop. Later stops will examine cross-bedded carbonates in the Observatory Formation and a fault zone in the Maadi Formation. The guide provides a detailed description of the local stratigraphy
The document summarizes research on the Whanganui Basin in New Zealand. Stratigraphic layers at Ototoka Beach were analyzed to determine the depositional environments at different time periods. Analysis of fossils and dating techniques showed the layers alternated between terrestrial and marine environments due to glacial-eustatic sea level changes. Notable layers included the Lower Maxwell deposited in a swamp 1.78 Ma, the Pukekiwi Shell Sand in a marine environment at 1.75 Ma, and the Upper Maxwell in a swampy environment at 1.71 Ma, demonstrating the cyclical sea level changes. In total, the stratigraphic analysis allowed researchers to understand the glacial-interglacial cycle's impact
The Hunton Group limestone formed between 450-375 million years ago during the Paleozoic Era as sediments accumulated in shallow seas. These sediments were later lithified into limestone and uplifted during the Pennsylvanian period to form the Arbuckle Mountains. The Hunton Group is exposed in outcrops today and ranges from 100-1000 feet thick, consisting of grey limestone containing marine fossils. Younger Sylvan Shale and Viola Group limestones underlie the Hunton Group, also forming in shallow marine environments.
The document provides an overview of the Paleozoic era, which began approximately 542 million years ago and lasted around 290 million years. Some key points:
- Suitable time for organic evolution of both flora and fauna. Rocks from this era are less deformed, providing good sections for research.
- In India, Paleozoic rocks are mainly found in the Himalayan region and isolated basins in the peninsula. Stratigraphy has been determined along river sections in the Himalayas.
- Life included early plants, foraminifera, corals, brachiopods, pelecypods, gastropods, cephalopods, ostracods
The document summarizes research on the metamorphic rocks of Timor island in Indonesia. It finds that the rocks can be divided into three groups based on metamorphic grade: 1) high-grade granulite and amphibolite facies rocks that may represent fragments of ancient continental crust; 2) greenschist facies metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks; and 3) lustrous slates and associated rocks. All the metamorphic rocks are allochthonous thrust sheets. The high-grade rocks imply a Precambrian history for the region. Similar metamorphic rocks are found in other islands of the Outer Banda Arc, suggesting a shared tectonic history extending
Ras Muhammad Marine National Park is located on faulted and uplifted Neogene blocks that are
partially covered by Quaternary limestones of predominantly coralgal facies. The physiography of the
reefal limestone cropping out in the area and also the present-day depositional environments are
tectonically controlled. Surface morphology observations show that earthquake pools that cut through the
uplifted Pleistocene reefs indicate continuing recent movements, as indicated by numerous records of
seismic activity in the study area. The morphostructural-generated depositional facies patterns on the
peninsula are a wide tidal belt with tidal shoals and coastal spits, barrier and fringing reefs, three
elongated embayments, Hiddan Bay, mangrove and tidal channels, Ras Muhammad pool and sabkha, and
earthquake pools (two earth fissures). The distribution of marine plants is described for each area. The
abundance of algae in Ras Muhammad appeared to be inversely related to the abundance of living corals.
1. The document describes 10 stratigraphic formations observed in the Khewra Gorge and Chowa Road section in the Salt Range, including their lithology, age, fossils, and contacts.
2. Key formations discussed include the Salt Range Formation (Precambrian-Cambrian), Khewra Sandstone (Early Cambrian), Kussak Formation (Early-Middle Cambrian), and Jutana Formation (Early-Middle Cambrian).
3. Sedimentary structures observed in the field include ripple marks in the Khewra Sandstone formed by migrating ripples, and cross-bedding characterized by inclined layers within horizontal units.
Report on field work to salt range by tariq aziztariq aziz
The document summarizes a 4-day field trip to the Salt Range in Pakistan taken by geology students and faculty from the University of Swabi. The objectives of the trip were to study the lithology, depositional environments, sedimentary structures, rock types, contacts, and fossils in the area. During the trip, students visited sites representing different geological formations spanning from Precambrian to Eocene in age. These included the Sakesar Limestone, Tobra Formation, Baghanwala Formation, Salt Range Formation, Kusuk Formation, Jutana Formation, Warcha Sandstone, Sardai Formation, Amb Formation, Wargal Formation, Chhidru Formation, Mianwali Formation, King
Geological and Geochemical Characterization of the Neoproterozoic Derudieb Me...Premier Publishers
The meta- volcano - sedimentary sequences in the northern part of the Red Sea Hills comprise a sequence of metamorphosed rocks at low green schist facies of metamorphism consisting of lava flows, tuffs to breccias and agglomerates range in composition from basalts and andesites to rhyolites. Geologically the meta volcano sedimentary sequences is divided into metavolcanic rocks and metasediments. The metavolcanic rocks range in composition from mafic to felsic. The metasediments are represented by banded schist, quartzite and marble. The samples collected for study lie within the field of sub-alkaline rocks except one mafic volcanic sample, which plot near the boundary in the alkaline field and thus follow a transitional tholeiitic to calc-alkaline trend (increasing FeO* relative to MgO). The behavior of the large ion lithophile element (LILE) in the studied metavolcanics confirms the early fractionation of plagioclase. These rocks display negative Nb anomalies, suggesting that the melt source was modified by subduction-related fluids. Tectonically all felsic samples fall in the field of volcanic arc granitoids whereas the mafic units plot firmly within the plate margin field.
Running head CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 1CRIMINOLOGICAL THEOR.docxtodd271
Running head: CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
1
CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
5
Criminological Theories
MCJ 5135 Theory of Crime and Criminology
The Relevance of Psychological Theories in Criminology
The engagement of an individual in criminal activities is often influenced by various underlying factors. As such various theories have been developed to explain the behavioral patterns of criminals and enable the criminal justice departments to operate effectively. Among the developed theories, the psychological theories are perhaps the most accurate in the field of criminology. Psychological theories are based on an interaction between biological and social-cultural factors that either promote or deter criminal behavior, (Walters, 2016). Classical theories of criminology did not account for the state of mind of criminals. As such, many criminals in the past were convicted of crimes they committed unknowingly. This has changed since the adoption of psychological theories. Both individuals as well as criminal justice officials now understand that psychological factors influence criminal behavior. Appropriate measures have been implemented to ensure that the criminal justice department treats all persons fairly by assessing underlying psychological factors. As such, psychological theories have not only promoted the work of the criminal justice department but also promoted individual awareness about underlying mental conditions that affect an individual’s behavior, (Byrne & Hummer, 2016).
Review of the Literature
1. Byrne, J., & Hummer, D. (2016). An examination of the impact of criminological theory on community corrections practice. Fed. Probation, 80, 15.
According toByrne & Hummer (2016), psychological theories have the most direct influence on probation and parole compared to other theories of criminology. The authors have comprehensively analyzed the impact of various theories used to evaluate criminal behavior. They suggest that behavior is intertwined with unconscious motives. Therefore, understanding the reasons behind a crime requires a psychological evaluation to understand the interaction of the two factors. This article is suitable for this research because it captures the relevance of psychological theories in criminology.
2. Dippong, J., & Fitch, C. (2017). Emotions in criminological theory: Insights from social psychology. Sociology Compass, 11(4), e12473.
Few formal theories have been developed to capture the role of emotional processes as facilitators or inhibitors of crime, (Dippong & Fitch, 2017). According to the authors, gaps in criminology can be filled by focusing on the underlying psychological factors of the offenders. The article highlights the effect that practices such as interrogation have on the mental state of an individual thus resulting in inaccurate findings during criminal investigations. As such, this article is a reliable source of information about the relevance of applying psychological theories in criminology. .
Running head COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS .docxtodd271
Running head: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 3
A comparative analysis between Korean melodrama and other local melodrama
Student name
Institution
Most studies in recent times have discovered that Korean dramas have come with a “Korean wave” in media in the global stage. Audiences have been reconceptualised due to the availability of internet and computer that have facilitated the digital revolution. Korean melodrama has earned more views than local melodrama, a result of its marketing its content without owning a means of distribution.
Korean melodrama is a representation of a product that is a hybrid of Hollywood, since Korean melodrama makes use of practices, tools, and conventions in the narrative that comes with the preoccupation of the Korean socio-political and historical aspects. The aspect of familiarity that lacks in local melodrama exists in Korean melodrama. Studies in have shown that audiences tend to respond positively to things they are familiar to and that is exactly what Korean melodrama is.
The use of genre by Korean melodrama is a huge success to its big audiences from the west, as a study by the Korean Creative Content Agency (KOCCA) back in 2015 estimated that around 19 million Americans enjoy Korean melodrama compared to five million who preferred local melodrama as they are a definition of what the world is in reality. The aspect of what is good and what is bad entangled with emotional narratives that give the audience an opportunity to select a hero or a heroine (Martin, 2019).
Korean melodrama are structured in a way that the audience can critique structures of institutional powers and explore a world with aspects of complex social issues. Korean melodrama has a vital element of their characters not being complex and this does not place a huge burden of danger or any sort of conflict in their existing world (Smith, 2017). The study also found out that Korean dramas have integrated aspects of adventures, romance and included professional fields like doctors and police, and lawyer, which are familiar genres to the audience. The structure of the Korean melodrama comes along with themes and selective iconography that make Korean melodrama suitable for global audiences.
Korean drama has earned viewers more than local dramas in the local stage given the Korean dramas depict the actual Korean culture. Most people are attracted to Korean melodrama since they are interested with the reality. A study by a Korean television found out that their supervisor had received more than five hundred emails from people who were not Korean to include English subtitles in their videos. This proves to be a massive support comparing people have less interest in their local drama. Korean drama have earned a huge fan base due to the license agreement of online streaming that was agreed by Korea (Moon, 2019). Studies have recorded that the market of Korean melodrama has around 12% of them wh.
Running Head Critical Evaluation on Note Taking1Critical Ev.docxtodd271
Running Head: Critical Evaluation on Note Taking
1
Critical Evaluation of Four Articles On Note Taking
Critical Evaluation of Four Articles On Note Taking
Note taking is the process of recording information from another source and is an integral part of university studies. Comprehensive studies have been conducted to underline the cognitive process of note taking. This essay aims to critique four research articles pertaining to the study of note taking namely by highlighting several pros and cons of certain methodologies used, to improve future researches done on the topic of note taking.
The first article aims to examine whether the use of laptops in note taking impairs learning compared to people who were using the longhand method (Mueller & Oppenheimer, 2014). They conducted three experiments to investigate whether taking notes on a laptop versus writing longhand would affect academic performance, and to explore the potential mechanism of verbatim overlap as a proxy for the depth of processing. They used an experimental design in order to achieve a quantitative result. Using five 15 minutes TED talks lectures, the use of either laptop or longhand method for note taking as a categorical variable, and 67 participant samples from different university research subject pools, they concluded that participants using laptops were more inclined to take verbatim notes than participants using the longhand method. An overlooked procedure of this methodology is that in their first study, either one or two students were placed in an enclosed room.Mueller & Oppenheimer (2014) unknowingly made this a variable in their experiment. Additionally, typical university lectures are done in an occupied lecture hall. Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) should have had his experiments in a lecture hall with students while testing his participants, emulating an environment similar to the real world. Doing so would increase external validity without sacrificing internal validity. Participants were taken randomly from a pool of voluntary university students, which is a good representation of the larger population for their hypothesis of the experiment. Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) did not account for how the participants usually took notes in their classes. Instructing the participants to take down notes in a medium they are not used to could have affected their implicit processing of information, affecting results. The experimenters should have divided the participants into two separate groups based on which medium they were more comfortable in using. A third control group whereby participants did not take notes would have been beneficial to this experiment, eliminating compromising factors such as selection threats (Trochim, 2006).
The next article alleviates most of the previously stated concerns. This experiment was conducted to determine whether students’ note-taking and online chatting can influence their recalls of lecture content and note quality (Wei , Wang .
Running head CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS.docxtodd271
Running head: CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
5
CRITIQUE OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
Adenike George
Walden University
NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice
April 11, 2019
Critique of Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Method Design
Both quantitative and qualitative methods play a pivotal role in nursing research. Qualitative research helps nurses and other healthcare workers to understand the experiences of the patients on health and illness. Quantitative data allows researchers to use an accurate approach in data collection and analysis. When using quantitative techniques, data can be analyzed using either descriptive statistics or inferential statistics which allows the researchers to derive important facts like demographics, preference trends, and differences between the groups. The paper comprehensively critiques quantitative and quantitative techniques of research. Furthermore, the author will also give reasons as to why qualitative methods should be regarded as scientific.
The overall value of quantitative and Qualitative Research
Quantitative studies allow the researchers to present data in terms of numbers. Since data is in numeric form, researchers can apply statistical techniques in analyzing it. These include descriptive statistics like mean, mode, median, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as ANOVA, t-tests, correlation and regression analysis. Statistical analysis allows us to derive important facts from data such as preference trends, demographics, and differences between groups. For instance, by conducting a mixed methods study to determine the feeding experiences of infants among teen mothers in North Carolina, Tucker and colleagues were able to compare breastfeeding trends among various population groups. The multiple groups compared were likely to initiate breastfeeding as follows: Hispanic teens 89%, Black American teens 41%, and White teens 52% (Tucker et al., 2011).
The high strength of quantitative analysis lies in providing data that is descriptive. The descriptive statistics helps us to capture a snapshot of the population. When analyzed appropriate, the descriptive data enables us to make general conclusions concerning the population. For instance, through detailed data analysis, Tucker and co-researchers were able to observe that there were a large number of adolescents who ceased breastfeeding within the first month drawing the need for nurses to conduct individualized follow-ups the early days after hospital discharge. These follow-ups would significantly assist in addressing the conventional technical problems and offer support in managing back to school transition (Tucker et al., 2011).
Qualitative research allows researchers to determine the client’s perspective on healthcare. It enables researchers to observe certain behaviors and experiences amo.
Running head CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY .docxtodd271
Running head: CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 1
CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 9
Crime Analysis Technology
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Crime Analysis Technology
Peer-Reviewed Article Analysis
Technology has evolved over the years in various sectors, with new technological innovations being developed. One of the areas that has witnessed great applications of technological evolution is in the detection and prevention of crime. This article will analyze the various technologies that are used to prevent and detect crime.
Byrne and Marx (2011) in their article reviews the topic in detail and gives insight in the role of technology in combating crime.
The key data that will be used in this research is secondary data from various peer-reviewed sources that review the topic of Crime Analysis Technology from various perspectives. Byrne and Marx (2011) presents various data on crime and the use of Information Technology in crime detection and prevention. For instance, it highlights that the percentage of schools in the United States that deploy metal detectors is approximately 2%. The article also approximates that as of 2006, one million CCTV cameras had been deployed in the United States, although the article does not provide current estimates on the same.
The article plays a great role in my final research. It gives a highlight of the various technological applications for crime prevention and detection. This can provide a background for further research, especially the technological innovations that are currently being developed. The article also presents figures about various elements of technology in crime prevention and detection such as the number of CCTV cameras, the crime rates such as the registered sex offenders, among others. Projections can therefore be made to the future.
The article mentions several significant facts. First, it classifies technological innovations in criminal justice as hard technology versus soft technology. Hard technology innovations include hardware and materials while soft technology innovations include information systems and computer software. Examples of hard technology is the CCTV cameras, metal detectors, and security systems at homes and schools. Examples of soft technology include predictive policing technology, crime analysis techniques, software, and data sharing techniques, among others. Both of the two categories of technological innovations are important in criminal justice. Another fact is the new technology of policing. The article identifies hard policing technological tools such as non-lethal weaponry and technologies for officer safety. It highlights soft policing technologies such as data-driven policies in policing and information sharing. Another important fact that the article mentions is the issues that should be con.
Running head CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART1CRIMINAL JUSTICE FL.docxtodd271
Running head: CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART 1
CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART 11
Introduction
The purpose of a flowchart is to graphically present information in a logical pattern according to whatis.com (2018), usually showing the progression within a process from beginning to end. This flowchart will illustrate the pattern of progression in the criminal justice systems of Canada and India. In most countries policing, the courts, and the correctional systems are interdependent in this relationship, the police are the first step and the other steps follow in a logical progression. The purpose of mapping the steps of these countries criminal justice systems is to give visual context to this progression.
Criminal Justice of Canada
Police
Canada’s criminal justice system is not that different from other systems from around the world. The Canadian system comprised of the police who investigate crimes, collects evidence, and apprehend suspects for trial in the court system. Canada’s policing uses a decentralized multiple coordination model. In Canada, the federal government is constitutionally responsible for legislating in all areas that relate to criminal matters Braiden (2006), but legislating police activity is the responsibility of the provinces.
Each province has passed a Police Act to meet their responsibilities. Police forces in Canada deal with all types of crimes, from Crimes against Persons to Crimes Against Property according to the Canadian Department of Justice (2017). The crime being investigated will dictate the course of the investigation that will follow. To satisfy their role in the criminal justice flowchart the police must collect evidence and this evidence will be used at trial.
The gathering and preserving of evidence according to rules established within the Police Act and federal legislation spelled out in the Canadian Constitution Canadian Department of Justice (2017). Once an investigation occurs with the collection of evidence, and this evidence obtained through interviews and legally issued search warrants the police will develop a most likely and viable suspect and the police will request an arrest warrant for the suspect spelling out who they are looking to arrest and for what crime they wish to arrest them for.
Courts
The arrest is one of the final steps for the police in this matter and the beginning of the court process. The first step in this process is to put the person in custody into a holding cell usually at a detention center, the person is typically seen by a judge or a justice of the peace as soon as possible, this is usually done in twenty-four hours according to the Canadian Department of Justice (2017). At this point, the judge determines a pre-trial date in some cases will release the party on bail.
A bail hearing allows the prosecution to present evidence in hopes to keep the accused in custody. In the Canadian system, the state has all the expense of investigatio.
Running head COMPANY OVERVIEW1COMPANY OVERVIEW2Co.docxtodd271
Running head: COMPANY OVERVIEW
1
COMPANY OVERVIEW
2
Company Overview
Name: John Blair
Institutional Affiliation: Rasmussen College
Founded in 2001, Global Inc. is one of the leading manufacturers of consumer electronics such as personal computers, smartphones, and household appliances among other products. As a limited liability company members are not liable for the organization’s liabilities or debts (Deering & Murphy, 2003). It has experienced growth currently with approximately 13, 500 workers and an annual revenue of $14 billion as of December 2017. Smartphones and personal computers form its major source of revenue which currently comprises 45% of all the revenues. Starting 2009, the company expanded to the international market and has since experienced a growing revenue due to the expanding market share. More so, due to benefits such as cheap and readily available labor, the organization moved some of its manufacturing processes to Indonesia, Bhutan and Hong Kong which has greatly impacted the operational cost enabling it to provide goods at competitive prices.
In 2016, the company faced issues related to labor management as it was established that some of its suppliers employ underage workers and also utilizes bonded labor. It has been an ethical issue faced by the organization whether it should cut ties with the suppliers and find other suppliers. The company did not have any policies that controlled labor management practices by the suppliers hence it was not likely for the organization to act with speed. On the other hand, in the established manufacturing plants in Asian countries, it emerged that some workers received wages lower than the minimum wages in the said countries. These have been the two major issues that have recently tarnished the organization’s public image. However, it has put efforts to turn around the situation and regain its previous public image.
Reference
Deering, A., & Murphy, A. (2003). The Partnering Imperative: Making Business Partnerships Work (1st ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
Running head: ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
1
ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
4
Trending Ethical Issues in Consumer Electronics Industry
Name: John Blair
Institutional Affiliation: Rasmussen College
Trending Ethical Issues in Consumer Electronics Industry
In the consumer electronics industry, players are competing with each other to create cutting edge devices that are more appealing to the consumers. Due to this need, majority of the manufacturers have employed various strategies such as partnering with third party manufacturers in a bid to lower operational costs hence being able to present consumers with competitively priced devices. However, it is imperative to note that adoption of the various strategies by the industry players has led to a number of ethical issues such as unfair labor practices as looked into in the following section.
One, partnering with third party manufacturers.
Running head CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS 1CRIMINAL BACKGROUND .docxtodd271
Running head: CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS 1
CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS
2
Criminal Background CheckNameENG/100
Erica Letourneau
September 1, 2019
Thesis Statement:
Criminal background checks help in determining a new employee’s behavior on the job, aids in identifying illegal immigration or harbored a fugitives, and acts as a societal norm.
Determining the behaviors of a new employee
One-way Criminal background checks helps employers is through acting as a guide in determining employee behavior before joining their task force. The character of an employee is a factor that should be considered before the employee is offered an opportunity to work for any organisation (Harris & Keller, 2005).
Hiring a criminal puts the security of the customers and employees at risk. Without past information about an employee, an organization is likely to employ a criminal. In this respect, a background check comes in place to make sure that the potential employee has no tarnished background.
Aids in illegal immigration or harboring a fugitive
Criminal background checks can also aid identifying illegal immigrants or harbored fugitives in workplaces. In the modern day, illegal immigration has become a norm in the society. Considering that the illegal immigrants are not citizens of the country, it is evident that any person cannot access their records. A criminal background check does not only help to know the previous criminal engagement activities of a person, but it also helps to know if a person is in the country's system or not.
Acts as a societal norm
Criminal background checks act as a social norm which can help in a nation’s economic growth. The productivity of its citizens dictates the economy of any nation. Ethics and productivity go hand in hand. When one is involved in criminal activities, it is evident that the level of his or her productivity can be questioned (Blumstein & Nakamura, 2009). It has become a norm for the society to try and look if one is associated with shady dealings in the past. The norm has been essential in two different ways. The first way is associated with the aspect of making sure that the people who are engaged in business activities are people with a good reputation and trustworthy (Harris & Keller, 2005). The second way is associated with the influence that the background check has on the members of the society. Most members of the society try as much as they can to avoid engaging in criminal activities because such can affect their future and that promotes a norm of avoiding and staying away from crime.
References
Blumstein, A., & Nakamura, K. (2009). Redemption in the presence of widespread criminal background checks. Criminology, 47(2), 327-359.
Harris, P. M., & Keller, K. S. (2005). Ex-offenders need not apply: The criminal background checks in hiring decisions. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21(1), 6-30.
Concerns
Areas that Need Work
Criteria
Standards for This Performance
Strengths
Evidence.
Running head: CRIME ANALYSIS 1
CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 2
Crime analysis is a function that usually involves the systemic analysis in identifying as well as analyzing the crime patterns and trends. Crime analysis is very important for law enforcement agencies as it helps law enforcers effectively deploy the available resources in a better and effective manner, which enables them to identify and apprehend suspects. Crime analysis is also very significant when it comes to arriving at solutions devised to come up with the right solution to solve the current crime problem and issues as well as coming up with the right prevention strategies. Since the year 2014, crime rates in the USA have increased steadily as per a study done by USAFacts, which is a non-partisan initiative (Osborne & Wernicke, 2013). With this increase in crime rates, which has majorly resulted in massive growth in technology, it is essential to come up with better means and ways of dealing with the increased crime rates. With the current advancement in technology, better law enforcement tools developed, which has enabled better crime deterrence in better and efficient ways. All this has been facilitated by the efforts of crime analysts who have come up with better tools and thus enabling the law enforcers to better deal with the crimes (Osborne & Wernicke, 2013). In this paper, I will consider the application of crime analysis technology and techniques in fighting crimes. Application of crime analysis technology and techniques used to make crime analysis more accurate and efficient.
Currently, the two technological tools that are used in predictive policing software have enabled security agencies to effectively use predictive policing ("Crime Analysis: Fighting Crime with Data," 2017). Application of this software has enabled better crime prevention as with data obtained in the previous crimes have been used to predict possible future severe crimes in a specific area.
Through the adoption and use of crime analysis, law enforcement agencies have been able to fight against crimes as when compared with the past effectively. The use of crime analysis comes at the right time, where there has been an increase in crime rates in the current digital error. In a survey done by Wynyard group in 2015, the study revealed that for every 10 law enforcement officials 9 of them believe that the use of current technology in crime analysis has had positive effects in helping the agencies in solving crimes as they can identify essential links and trends in crimes ("Crime Analysis: Fighting Crime with Data," 2017). In the same way, other sectors have benefited from data analysis with spreadsheets, databases, and mapping, law enforcers have been able to use data analysis to come up with a better decision. Crime analysis ha.
Running Head CRIMINOLOGY USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS .docxtodd271
Running Head: CRIMINOLOGY USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 2
CRIMINOLOGY USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 2
In the wake of technological advances, the use of computers has played a major role especially in criminal justice (Moriarty, (2017). This paper has focused on the use of computer application technologies in criminology and the potential it has in legal systems. From enabling easy access for witnesses to search for accused peoples’ photographs on the screen and go through the whole court procedural activities. Moreover, criminals’ records can be monitored using databases and it is easy to make a follow-up on crimes they have committed in the past and the charges against them. Forensics can also be conducted and investigations can now be carried out easily and very fast. Also, when one is linked to cases, they can be easily identified using forensics and fingerprints. Portable laptops have also helped police officers in getting information and any important details related to a crime at any place without having to go back to their working stations. James (2017), argues that unlike in the past, investigations are done faster due to internet connections and ease of communication between community members and investigative officers through the use of phone gadgets.
Computers have broad variance in usage which has been enhanced by computer applications. For instance, massive record keeping systems have relied for reference on criminal accounts, case records and unresolved warranties. Incorporation of technology in criminology has just made the career easy and also improved livelihoods. Many police units now use computerized applications to keep up with the ever-rising crimes. There are different applications being used nowadays, from mobile technology, to use in-car computers, CCTV camera installations and also software such as the Computer Aided Dispatch. Investigators often use programmed record management systems to monitor information they obtain and guard it properly. With the current technology, it is possible to detect impending crimes, track stolen goods and the culprits, tell which time a crime occurred and also who committed it and where.
Computer applications:
1. In-Car Computer installations in police cars.
Blumstein (2018), contends that this application that allows traffic patrol police to effectively carry out their activities especially when vehicles violate traffic rules. In the current world, things are drifting toward being more computerized than handwritten (Maxfield & Babbie, 2014). Thus event arrest reports are being typed. It also means that after traffic references are written down, they are generated by the computers installed duplicating a copy to the person who breaks the rules. This is seen to reduce paperwork and improve the efficiency of police officers' work.
2. Computer Aided Dispatch
In the past, correspondents would use hand.
Running Head CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES .docxtodd271
Running Head: CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES 1
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES AND PROTECTION 5
Doctor of Business Administration- Finance
Track- ADRP
Flexible Design Methods
Critical Analysis of the Whistleblower incentives and protection: Are a way of applying investment banking incentives to control management unethical and illegal practices
Introduction
Whistleblower incentives and protection refers to the monetary reward as well as protection which the United States Government offers to the individuals who exposes certain wrongdoings in the community more especially in government institutions. The Federal law requires the government to reward the whistleblowers a certain percentage of money that is recovered following their tips of exposing the wrongdoing acts. This percentage may go up to 30 percent of the total recovered money. In this paper, I will critically analyze whether Whistleblower Incentives and Protection are ways of applying investment banking incentives to control management unethical and illegal practices. And maybe are the whistleblowers rewarded accordingly in terms of security and money.
Problem Statement
What happened?? This is not anything like what was approved or what was in the white paper. Follow the instructions and make a paragraph out of the bullet outline problem
The Problem statement, which will be addressed in this paper, is that, whistle blowers are not given adequate incentives and protection resulting in the difficulty of reporting wrongdoing, misconduct and unethical behaviors. According to Andon, et al., (2018), Lack of whistle blower incentives and protection makes it difficult for whistle blowers to report wrongdoing, as they feel insecure. “The current whistle blowing system is not effective and therefore does not provide the basis for investigation of corruption cases and any misconduct within a company (Ballan, 2017). In support of Ballan’s views on the whistle blowing system, Keith, Todd & Oliver, (2016) indicated that the managers aren’t empowered to sanction employees involved in unethical behaviors because of lack of whistle blower incentives which are reinforced by the Federal laws.
Specifically, failure of finance department to offer adequate whistleblowers incentives as well as protection within the investment – banking sector in the United States. As per Keith, Todd & Oliver, (2016), in their recent research, they recommended that the finance department in any organization is a very critical area that can determine the overall performance of an organization. Failure to provide whistleblower incentives and protection to finance staff makes it difficult for them to report unethical behaviors.
Research Questions
What happened here? Where is the list of approved RQs Where are the numbers
It’s important to note that integrity and corruption free environment can be enhanced if specifically the involved organizations are audited or watch.
Running head CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH ARTICLES .docxtodd271
Running head: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH ARTICLES 1
CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH ARTICLES 10
Critical Appraisal of Research Articles on Evidence-Based Practice
Name
Institution
Course
Date
Critical Appraisal of Research Articles on Evidence-Based Practice
Full APA formatted citation of the selected article
Article 1
Article 2
Article 3
Article 4
Barakat-Johnson M., Lai M., Wand T. & White K. (2019). A qualitative study of the thoughts and experiences of hospital nurses providing pressure injury prevention and management. Collegian, 26(1), 95-102.
Park S. H., Lee Y. S. and Kwon, Y. M. (2016). Predictive validity of pressure ulcer risk assessment tools for the elderly: A meta-analysis. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 38(4), 459-483.
Boyko T., Longaker M. T., and Yang G. (February 1, 2018). Review of the current management of Pressure Ulcers. Journal of Advances in Wound Care, vol. 7, issue No. 2. Pages 57-67.
Ferris, A., Price, A., & Harding K. (2019). Pressure ulcers in patients receiving palliative care: A systematic review. Palliative Medicine, 33(7), 770-782.
Level of evidence of the article
Level 4 evidence. The article provides a summary of the individual thoughts and experiences regarding the issue of pressure ulcers
Level 2 evidence. The information comes from the meta-analysis of all the relevant and randomized, as well as the controlled trials.
Level 1 evidence. The article offers evidence from the systematic review of the randomized as well as the controlled trials from the experiments.
Level 1 evidence. The information is evidence from the systematic reviews of trials that have been relevant and controlled while the researchers were trying to carry out the research.
Conceptual Framework
The theoretical basis that led to the research was an increased number of injuries resulting from pressure ulcers, and this led to the need for having a study to find the ways that were effective for preventing such occurrences.
The theoretical framework that led to this study was that pressure ulcers have become a major challenge and a challenging goal when it came to providing healthcare for pressure ulcer patients. Therefore, it led to the need to have a study that could deal with the challenge.
The theoretical framework that necessitated this research was the incidence of pressure ulcers that were increasing because of the poor and aging population as well as the elderly that were living with incidences of disability.
Pressure ulcers were highly associated with significant mortality and morbidity and high costs of healthcare services, and this led to the need for a study to review the situation.
Design/Method
A qualitative and exploratory design using semi-structured interviews. Sampling was also done and used for obtaining the participants and information from the relevant individuals of the study.
A qualitative study w.
Running Head COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT2COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT2.docxtodd271
Running Head: COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT 2
COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT 2
Shouq Alqu.
CWL 200 SEC 03
Feb / 23 / 2020
Comparative Argumentative Critical analysis
Introduction
Plato’s allegory of the cave is a notion about human perception. Plato argued that knowledge acquired through the senses is just an opinion but for one to acquire knowledge then it must be through philosophical cognitive. Plato gives an analogy of the prisoners tied to some rocks in a cave since they were born. They cannot see anything except shadows of objects carried by people walking in the walkway. Since the prisoners had not seen the real objects ever since they were born, they believe that these shadows are real. Fortunately, one prison escapes from the cave and meets the real world and recognizes that his perception of reality was mistaken. He goes back to the cave and informs the other prisoners what he found. Unfortunately, they don’t believe him (Alam 5).
Overview of Gogol’s Overcoat and Lahiri’s Namesake
The overcoat is a story written by Nikolai Gogol about Akaky Akakievich, an underprivileged government clerk in Russia. Though he is devoted to his work, his hard work goes unrecognized by his colleagues who joke about his overcoat. When his overcoat is worn out he decides to get it fixed but his tailor advises him to get a new one because the old one was beyond repair. His tailor finally makes a new coat for Akaky which makes his colleagues celebrate him by throwing a party for him. His coat does not last long because it is stolen and Akaky’s efforts to get it back do not bear fruit. He dies of fever (Yilmaz 195).
Namesake is a story about Indian immigrants who settle in the US. Soon after, they get a baby boy who is given a temporal pet name by his father: Gogol. When he starts kindergarten Gogol is given his good name, Nikhil, which he rejects and clings to his pet name. But when he grows up Gogol knows the meaning of his name and starts to despise it. At the age of eighteen, he changes his legal name to Nikhil. He becomes acculturated and adopts the American way of life. That way he feels comfortable around his friends and especially the girlfriend. It was after his father’s death that he knew the true meaning of his name and changed it again to Gogol (Jaya 158).
The relevance of Plato’s Allegory of the cave on Gogol’s ‘Overcoat’ and Lahiri’s ‘Namesake’
The most significant insinuation of these stories is how the two main characters change their identity. Both of them were not named after they were born. Coincidentally, their fathers picked their names for them. As the writers of these two stories put it, these two characters could not be given any other names. These two characters are comfortable with their identities just like the prisoners in the cave (Ledbetter 130).
Akaky is afraid of changing his old ways of doing things. He was seen in the same position and place with the same uniform, his overcoat, and this made his supervisors believe that he was born as a r.
Running Head CREATING A GROUP WIKI1CREATING A GROUP WIKI .docxtodd271
Running Head: CREATING A GROUP WIKI 1
CREATING A GROUP WIKI 3
Title: CREATING A GROUP WIKI
Student’s Name:
Institution:
As far as the definition to my words is concerned, metacommunication can be defined as all nonverbal cues experienced by different people. Some of the metacommunications experienced by people include; tone of voice, gestures, facial expression and body language. On matters related to the facial expression, it can be used to show the feelings of the people involved in an incident. However, different people should be encouraged to understand the use of the metacommunication in ensuring that the society is able to operate in an effective manner. Again, gestures can be used in ensuring that communication is enhanced amongst different people. The use of gestures plays important roles in ensuring that different ideas are shared in the best way possible (Hazari, 2019).
On the other hand, evaluative communication can be used for the purposes of causing defensiveness by ensuring that judgment is passed. It is through that whereby majority of the people are enabled to focus on the problem experienced hence making it easy for the right solution to be found. The ability of people to focus on the problem can be used in ensuring that the required solution is identified therefore reducing the issues experienced by the people. However, majority of people should be encouraged to engage in evaluative communication for the purposes of ensuring that the solution to the issues experienced is found (Ma, 2020).
References
Hazari, S., North, A., & Moreland, D. (2019). Investigating pedagogical value of wiki technology. Journal of Information Systems Education, 20(2), 8.
Ma, Q. (2020). Examining the role of inter-group peer online feedback on wiki writing in an EAP context. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 33(3), 197-216.
Running Head: MATRILOCAL AND CONJUGAL FAMILY 1
MATRILOCAL AND CONJUGAL FAMILY 3
Title: MATRILOCAL AND CONJUGAL FAMILY
Student’s Name:
Institution:
My first term I chose is matrilocal family. However, matrilocal family is a family whereby the husband goes to live with the family of the wife. This is a culture which allows the man to move to live with the mother and the father in law. As a result, the man is required to change his social life their living according to the cultures of the parents in law (Brown, 2020).
As far as the episode is concerned, the man had to go and hence live with the female’s family. It is through that whereby the man was required to change his lifestyle and hence adapt the live from the female’s family. Moreover, when not controlled, matrilocal family might end up bringing about conflicts amongst the people and their care has to be taken so as to ensure that the cases of misunderstanding are not experienced.
On the other hand, conjugal family is the other term which should be considered in different aspects. However, this is a term in which the marred coup.
Running Head: CRITICAL ANALYSIS 1
CRITICAL ANALYSIS PAPER 7
Critical Analysis Paper #2
Professor McMahon
Waffa Elsayed
HBSE
03-25-2019
Introduction
In this paper, I will argue that “Intimate Partner” is used to represent any inclusive romantic or sexual relationship between two non-biologically-related people. Ideally, these kinds of relationships show lots of love and support for each other. Unfortunately, some people do not act like the ideal condition and abuse their partners cause considerable emotional or physical pain and injury (Belknap, Chu, & Deprince, 2012). Sometimes abusing behavior brings violence and makes the worse situation ever. Different type of abuses such as emotional abuse, economic abuse, social isolation, physical abuses takes place in case of creating intimate partner violence. Sometimes some people start to stalk their partners with generating a different motive such as anger, hostility, paranoia, and delusion towards their partners (Belknap, Chu, & Deprince, 2012). One partner verbally threats his/her partner through using emails, text messaging, and social network Internet sites. In 2012, 4th February, a 21-year-old California boyfriend had bound legs of his girlfriend with tape and threatened her with pointing a gun towards her and beaten her, and kept her for nine days. This situation occurred as the girl received a text message from another man on her cellphone (Belknap, Chu, & Deprince, 2012). It is clear that technology can lead to intimate partner abuse. In this paper, I will argue that technology in terms of electronic devices can be used as the trigger for more intimate partner violent abuse. Comment by Sarah McMahon: I would suggest having someone review your writing to help improve your ability to convey your ideas. Comment by Sarah McMahon: I am wondering what this means- different from what? From IPV? It seems to me that it is a similar motive so I am unclear. Comment by Sarah McMahon: The purpose of this assignment is: “Develop an argument that compares these types of violence in a specific way(s), such as the root causes, the impact on victims, society's perception of the crime, or our response to the crime. How are they similar or different?” I am not sure your thesis answers that question?
Causes and Impact of Intimate Partner Violence and Stalking and Electronic Abuse
These days, out of ten women, one lady murdered or badly injured by her intimate partner. Life threatening matters are the most common factor which can create physical violence among intimate partners. Comment by Sarah McMahon: This is not a full sentence. I would suggest having someone proofread your paper as I suggested last time. Comment by Sarah McMahon: I am unclear on what this means. What are the life-threatening matters and what is the most common factor that causes physical violence? If you are talking about the causes of IPV .
Running head: COUNSELOR ETHICS
1
PAGE
7
COUNSELOR ETHICS
Counselor Ethics and Responsibilities
Grand Canyon University: PCN 505
Dr
November 15, 2017
Counselor Ethics and Responsibilities
To be a successful counselor and abide within the ethical and legal guidelines, counselors must take into consideration what is involved in providing sound and ethical judgements. Being a counselor should not be taken lightly, someone is trusting us to provide them with the best care possible and assist in finding solutions that will possibly work for the betterment of their livelihood. Counselors must ensure that their clients confidentiality will not be misused and counselor’s guarantee that appropriate measures are in place to provide a professional, safe, nonjudgmental environment.
Client Rights
Principles of Ethical Practice
There are five key principles of ethical practices, and Davis and Miller (2014), references Kitchener (2000) models on the following five principles:
a.) Autonomy addresses the concept of independence. Counselors should make sure they are not pushing their own values and beliefs onto clients, but rather encourage them to make their own decisions and act within their values. He/She would ensure clients fully understand how their differences may affect others whether positive or negative. He/She would also ensure they are competent to understand the choices they are making are theirs without any other influences. Clients who are children or persons with mental limitations, he/she need to make sure they have a well-informed, competent adult making decisions in their best interest.
b.) Nonmaleficence is the concept of not causing harm to others. Professionals should ensure clients are positively engaged during sessions and are not misconstruing information given to them.
c.) Beneficence shows the responsibility of the counselor contributing to the safety of the client. Incorporate positive outlooks and thinking in sessions. Periodically asking clients about their feelings, depending on the circumstances to make sure they have no intentions on harming themselves and be proactive when necessary.
d.) Justice in counseling means “treating equals equally and unequals unequally” (Davis & Walker, 2016). If I am providing services to two clients who are depressed. One is depressed and suicidal and the other client is not, more attention would be devoted to the client who is suicidal, and the proper steps would be taken to ensure the client does no harm to himself.
e.) Fidelity includes being, loyal, faithful and committed. Maintaining and having trust within the client-counselor relationship is crucial to successful progress, once that trust is broken, the client may leave and seek treatment elsewhere, or worse harm themselves or others. Clients need to be able to talk to about their feelings no matter how bad they think their situation is.
(Davis & Miller, 2016).
Informed Consent Process
Informed consent .
Running Head COMMUNICATION TRAINING PLANCOMMUNICATION TR.docxtodd271
Running Head: COMMUNICATION TRAINING PLAN
COMMUNICATION TRAINING PLAN
Communication Training Plan
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliations
Company Culture and Communication Obstacle
Northwest Valley Community College has a culture of providing the best learning environment to its students and ensuring that school staff communicate effectively without experiencing unauthorized access to their data and information. Also, its culture is ingrained in ensuring its students are working in an environment that is healthy and safe. The management of Northwest Community understands the importance of having a healthy learning environment and effective communication network inside and outside the school premises. As such, Kelsey Elementary school is setting up measures to implement a detailed communication training plan for staff and students to gain information safety skills.
This plan will be developed by a strategic communication team selected by the school. This plan will be designed in a way that it provides a framework to manage and coordinate communication among the students, instructors and parents. The plan will identify efficient communication channels, standards, appropriate audience, and frequency. This plan will require a shared responsibility among management, students, communication team and students. After the implementation of this communication plan, the team will measure its effectiveness to ensure it meets the expected objectives and goals.
Needs and Tasks Analysis
Northwest Valley Community Collwgw communication team will conduct a needs and analysis task to determine the training needs. The management will be able to know who needs the training and the kind of training required. The following are the steps the company will use to conduct training needs analysis.
· Organizational Analysis: The school management should work with the teachers to identify the priorities of student training. In this case, the management will conduct an evaluation to ensure the training goes hand-in-hand with the school’s goals and objectives.
· Secondly, the management will list specific types of communication channels to be utilized within the school environment. Also, they will specify the skills and competencies needed by employees to ensure they clearly understand how to utilize these communication channels. By doing this, they will have a solid foundation on who should conduct the training and how it should be conducted. (Liaw, 2014)
· The last step will involve the identification of staff members who need to undergo communication training. However, since it is a learning institution, every staff member and students will be subject to training.
Research Technique
Northwest Valley management has decided to implement an external training program to address the training plan. Therefore, they need to identify and understand the organization’s communication training needs. As such, they should start by hiring an e.
Running head Commitment to Professionalism1Commitment to Prof.docxtodd271
Running head: Commitment to Professionalism 1
Commitment to Professionalism
3
Commitment to Professionalism
Your Name
Course Number & Title
Instructor's Name
Month Day, Year
Commitment to Professionalism
Advocating for _________
Identify the focus of your advocacy efforts and give an example of an issue you would like to address as an advocate. You may want to start off with something like: A great passion of mine is to advocate for __________ because___________. Research shows that this is a critical issue______________.
In the next few paragraphs be sure to:
· Identify one individual or group (local policy maker, state-level legislator, corporate leader, etc.) that you can contact for support of your issue and provide a rationale for choosing this individual/group.
· Describe the strategies you would use to gain the support needed for this issue through individual advocacy.
· Describe the strategies you would use to attract the support needed for this issue through collective advocacy.
· Create two talking points (as discussed in Chapter 13) using one concrete example (refer to key term in chapter reading for precise definition) for each point to demonstrate the importance of the issue. These talking points should be appropriate to use when talking to legislators or the media about the issue for which you are advocating.
Commitment to the Profession
In this section be sure to
· Describe how you will advocate on behalf of young children, their families, and the profession.
· Describe how you will support the development of future practitioners and leaders in the field.
· Referring to to Figure 13.1 “A Professional Continuum” and describe how your efforts will support the field away from unskilled workers and toward paradigm professionals.
Don’t forget specific details, examples, and citations to help you get a top grade
References (Text and at least TWO outside sources)
Ashford Textbook (Online edition): *
Author, A. (Year published). Title of book: Subtitle of book (edition, if other than the first) [Electronic version]. Retrieved from from URL
Example:
Witt, G. A., & Mossler, R. A. (2010). Adult development and life assessment [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/books/4
Online Journal Article (such as from the Ashford Library):**
Author, A. (Year Published). Article title. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), page range. doi:# or Retrieved from journal’s homepage URL
**When including a URL for an online journal, you must search for the journal’s home page and include this in your reference entry. You may not include the URL found through your university library, as readers will not have access to this library.
Examples:
Churchill, S. D., & Mruk, C. J. (2014). Practicing what we preach in humanistic and positive psychology. American Psychologist, 69(1), 90-92. doi:10.1037/a0034868
Santovec, M. (2008). Easing the transition improves grad retention at Trinity U. Women in Higher Education, 17(10), 32. Retr.
Running head: COVER LETTER 1
5
Cover Letter for Grant Proposal
Pasqualina L. Anderson
Walden University
HUMN 6207-3, Grant Writing
Dr. Frances Mills
January 17, 2019
Abstract
The homeless population in communities across the United States is vulnerable to physical and mental illnesses, largely due to a lack of medical treatment resources and harsh environmental conditions. Rehabilitation centers and programs aimed at closing the gap between this population’s lack of resources and medical needs can help address many of the problems this population faces. Social programs aimed at reducing homelessness or intervening in the lives of homeless populations do not necessarily extend beyond providing food, shelter, and a means to economically transition from being homeless to being a non-homeless member of society. Mental illness is one of the barriers to economic sustainability and sustenance that have been recorded in this population. The aim of the proposed program is to offer a means of treatment for this population, using a sample size of 20. Another vital aim of the program is to examine the correlation between the homeless population, their environmental circumstances, and mental illness. It is the program leaders’ hope that the program’s analyzation of the data will lead to new intervention, treatment methods, and deep understanding of how mental illness plays a role in homelessness.
Keywords: homelessness, mental illness, intervention treatments
Cover Letter
To Whom It May Concern,
An estimated 500,000 individuals are homeless in our community and are at risk of developing serious, uncontrollable health issues (Rogers, 2018). Our grant proposal’s main objective is to improve the well-being of the homeless population within our community. Besides physical ailments and diseases that may impact the homeless population, mental health issues and challenges will need to be addressed as part of this proposal. Specifically, our project seeks to reduce the prevalence of drug addiction and substance abuse amongst the homeless.
Utilizing a case study research design, our project will aim to analyze data pertaining to the relationship(s) between our community’s homeless population and drug addiction/substance abuse. A sample size of 20 will be selected from the Homeless Health Education Group. The projected timeline for the project is three years. It will focus on providing psychiatric intervention, reduce health problems, and provide mental health care. A rehabilitation center will be established to meet these objectives. Technology assets will be necessary to enhance efficiency and collect data reports from the 20 members of the sample population (Gitilin & Lyons, 2014; Marchewka, 2014).
Management and oversight will need to be incorporated into the proposal to ensure the project achieves its mission (Burke, 2013). The project’s projected budget expenditures total $1.638 million and its projected revenues total approx.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
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𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
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𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
Running Head EARTH SCIENCE .docx
1. Running Head: EARTH SCIENCE
1
EARTH SCIENCE
Earth Science
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Professor’s Name
Date
Chapter Summary
In earth science, there are two main species from the benthic
foraminifera. These two species include the neorotalia
omanensis and operculina musawaensis. The two are discussed
and described from the mountains of Oman. Musawaensis
occurs in the formation of musawa with the association of
plankitonoic Morozovella which indicates an early and middle
Eocene age. Operculina, on the other hand, is a species that
occurs during the formation of Abat. Its occurrence is
associated with the planktonic foraminifera Acarininina. This
indicates that its formation and occurrence was in the early
Eocene age. The first record of the two species was done in the
2. Middle East which showed the presence of some Neorotalia
species. After recording its presence the Foraminifera genus
representatives also described the formation of Linderina
species in the nearest countries to where musawa was formed.
However, the geographical locations and distributions of the
recorded species are very big. It has covered a broad area
including parts of the Middle East, Europe (from England to
Romania). It also covers some parts of India and Australia,
western pacific, and the Caribbean. The wide distribution of
these species reflects the presence of different species that
exhibits similar characteristics.
The two species are very common the shale of the lower part of
the Abat formation as well as the mudstone. However, corals are
very common in the limestone in the upper parts of Abat during
its formation. There are also calcareous red algae species in the
upper part of the Abat that occur during its formation. This
makes it common for the Foraminifera to appear as the deposits
in the upper part of the Abat. However, the formation of Abat
has currently been dated as the early Eocene based on the
planktonic foraminifera. This comprises of sediments that
appear like a sequence of open-marine Basinal sediments. at the
lower part of the Abat, a common Deep-Marine planktonic is
also formed during the Abat formation. This Deep-Marine
grows towards the upper side of the Abat and produces high
energy to the outer parts of the limestone. The limestone is
dominated by the benthonic foraminifera which comprise algae,
corals, and echinoid plates. In the Abat, the mudstone and the
packstone are separated by a thin and distinctive mudstone. This
thin mudstone overlies a massive Foraminifera limestone which
is 24m thick. The basal part of the limestone that is overlain by
the thin mudstone is rich in the planktonic foraminifera. This
has made the limestone a very valuable product in the world.
Running Head: EARTH SCIENCE
4. Abdul Razak Siddiq Al-Sayigh
Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Sultan
Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-
Khoud, 123 Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, Email:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT: Two new species of larger benthic foraminifera,
Neorotalia omanensis n. sp. and
Operculina musawaensis n. sp. are described and illustrated
from the eastern Oman Mountains. N.
omanensis n. sp. occurs in the Musawa Formation in association
with the planktonic foraminifera
Morozovella edgari and Truncarotaloides topilensis indicating
an early to middle Eocene age (P10-
P13). Operculina musawaensis n. sp. occurs in the Abat
Formation in association with the
planktonic foraminifera Acarinina esnaensis and A. soldadensis
indicating an early Eocene age (P6).
This is the first known record showing the presence of genus
Neorotalia in the Middle East.
Representatives of the larger foraminiferal genus Linderina sp.
are also described and illustrated
from the Musawa Formation and compared with the published
Linderina species in the surrounding
countries.
6. White (1989) synonymized all four of Singh’s (1953) species
(rajasthanensis, bikanerensis, kolayatensis,
kirtharensis) under one name (rajasthanensis) stating that test
size, and shape (globular to discoidal with
central boss, depending on the amount of lateral thickening) are
insignificant as the means of discriminating
species. The geographic distribution of the recorded species is
very broad, including southern Europe
(England to Romania), the Middle East, the Indian Sub-
continent, Indonesia, Australia, Western Pacific and
the Caribbean, possibly reflecting the presence of different
genera with similar features (Ferrandex-Canadell
and Serr-Kiel, 1999). In this paper the author reports two new
species of large foraminifera in the Abat and
Musawa Formations in the eastern part of the northern Oman
Mountains.
T
A.R.S. AL-SAYIGH
24
7. 2. Geological Setting
The section studied is located in the Jabal Ja’alan area of the
Sharqiyah region, in the foothills of the eastern
Oman Mountains, north Oman (Figure 1). The samples studied
were collected from the Abat and Musawa Formations
outcropping along the southern side of Wadi Musawa (Figure
1). Here a 1220 m thick mixed clastic-carbonate
succession of Tertiary age rests unconformably on an older
granitic basement. The Tertiary strata comprise, from
bottom to top, the Abat, Musawa and Tahwah Formations
(Figure 2). The samples yielding the new taxa described
herein were collected from unit D of the Abat Formation and
Unit H of the Musawa Formation (Figure 2). The Abat
Formation comprises interbedded marine limestone (mudstone
to packstone) and shale. The Musawa Formation
contains three fluvial units, each of which is ferruginous
towards its base and contains coal towards its top. The fluvial
units are overlain by marine limestone and shale. The Abat
Formation is Late Palaeocene to Early Eocene and the
Musawa Formation is Early to Late Eocene based on planktonic
foraminiferal assemblages. Previous work in the area
was mainly focused on geological mapping (Villey et al., 1986;
Filbrandt et al., 1990; Roger et al., 1991). Although
8. Villey et al. (1986) include micropalaeontological data, these
data are limited to faunal lists and broad age assignments
and do not include illustrations and descriptions of the taxa
recorded.
Figure 1. Location map of the study area (modified after
Montenat et al., 1977).
3. Lithostratigraphy
This section describes the lithostratigraphic units containing the
microfossils reported in the present study.
1. Abat Formation
Type-Locality: Wadi Musawa - Latitude 22
0
19' N and Longitude 58
0
23' E
This unit unconformably overlies Maastrichtian sandstone
turbidite and marl of the Fayah Formation, and is
conformably overlain by sandstone of the Musawa Formation
within which it interdigitates in its upper part. The lower
part of the Abat Formation consists of thinly interbedded shale
and mudstone overlain by planktonic foraminifera-
bearing wackestone with interbeds of mudstone and calcarenite.
These beds pass upwards (across a 9 m unexposed
9. section) into resedimented wackestone and packstone
comprising six depositional cycles. The middle part of the Abat
NEOROTALIA OMANENSIS and OPERCULINA
MUSAWAENSIS
24
Formation is characterized by thinly bedded wackestone
overlain by shale and followed by an upper unit of limestone
and dolomite capped by a palaeosol horizon.
Figure 2. Lithostratigraphic column of the Wadi Musawa
Section.
Planktonic foraminifera, including Morozovella sp. and
Subbotina sp., are common in the mudstone and shale of
the lower part of the formation. Larger foraminifera, including
Discocyclina sp., Daviesina sp., Miscellanea sp.,
Nummulites sp. and Assilina sp. together with small rotaliids,
textulariids, calcareous red algae, echinoids and corals
are common in the limestone of the upper part of the Abat
Formation (Figure 3). The larger foraminifera commonly
appear to have been penecontemporaneously redeposited and
become progressively more abraded up section.
10. Reworked Cretaceous radiolaria and charophytes also occur
within this interval.
The Abat Formation has been dated as Late Palaeocene to Early
Eocene (Thanetian to Ypresian) on the basis of
its planktonic foraminifera, and comprises a thick sequence of
open-marine basinal sediments. Common deep-marine
planktonic-foraminiferal shale and mudstone form the lower
part of the Abat Formation which shoals upwards into
high-energy middle to outer shelf limestone. The latter is
dominated by larger and smaller benthonic foraminifera with
subordinate dasycladacean algae, calcareous red algae, echinoid
plates and corals. The specimens of Operculina
musawaensis n. sp. described herein were collected from the
lower part of Unit D of the Abat Formation (Figure 2).
A.R.S. AL-SAYIGH
22
N
e
o
ro
ta
li
24. P
a
la
e
o
c
e
n
e
P4
Figure 3. Distribution chart of the key taxa of benthonic
foraminifera.
NEOROTALIA OMANENSIS and OPERCULINA
MUSAWAENSIS
24
UNIT D
Description: This unit begins with packstone and mudstone
separated by a very thin (7 cm thick) distinctive
25. silicified mudstone from an overlying a 24 m thick massive
larger foraminiferal limestone (wackestone-packstone).
The basal part of Unit D comprises bioturbated limestone
(packstone) overlain by mudstone rich in planktonic
foraminifera (Acarinina sp. and Morozovella sp.) and larger
foraminifera including Alveolina sp., Nummulites sp.,
Discocyclina sp. and Operculina musawaensis n. sp. This passes
upwards into shale containing Nummulites and small
rotaliids. The unit becomes more indurated up-section and rich
in larger foraminifera, ostracods, corals, bivalves,
gastropods and oysters. Lithoclasts and foraminifera are less
abundant in the uppermost part of the unit, where clasts of
grey chert are common, together with rare silicified burrows.
Bivalves (often disarticulated) are also common in the
uppermost part of the unit.
The characteristic microfossils in the Abat Formation include
larger foraminifera (Alveolina sp., Nummulites
honogoensis, N. globulus, Discocyclina sp., Assilina ex. gr.
exponens, Somalina sp., Actinocyclina sp., Operculina
musawaensis n. sp., Ranikothalia sp.) together with planktonic
foraminifera (Acarinina esnaensis, A. soldadoensis and
Morozovella aragonensis) which occur in the basal part of this
unit. Other fossil fragments present include gastropods,
and rare brachiopods, with smaller rotaliids, miliolids and
26. textulariids. Rare dasycladacean algae occur in the middle to
upper part of this unit, together with ostracods (Bairdia sp.,
Cytherella sp., Phalococythere sp. and Xestoleberis sp.).
Age: An Early Eocene age is indicated by the presence of
Morozovella marginodentata, M. aragonensis, Acarinina
esnaensis, and A. soldadoensis along with associated larger
foraminifera, including Nummulites cf. globulus. Although
Somalina is typically considered to be Middle Eocene in age,
White (1989) found Somalina hottingeri in late Early –
Eocene rocks from the northern Oman Mountains. This unit
corresponds to the Morozovella aragonensis Zone (P8) of
Blow (1969) and Berggren and Miller (1988).
Thickness: 33 m.
Environment: The unit shows a gradual change from deep
marine basinal facies rich in planktonic foraminifera in its
lower part into shallow marine mid-outer shelf limestone with
Nummulites sp., Assilina sp. and Discocyclina sp., and
rare dasycladacean green algae (fragments) in its upper part.
The Abat Formation is capped by non-fossiliferous shale
of probable fluvial origin and palaeosols. Ostracods (Bairdia
sp., Cytherella sp., Phalcocythere sp. and Xestoleberis
sp.) suggest a shallow marine environment.
2. Musawa Formation
27. Type-Locality: Wadi Musawa - Latitude 22
0
19' N and Longitude 58
0
23' E
The Early to Late Eocene (Ypresian to upper Bartonian)
Musawa Formation comprises a regressive siliciclastic
package at its base and a transgressive interval at its top. It
contains fluvial sandstones, palaeosoland coal and shale,
together with marine mudstone bearing planktonic foraminifera
and re-deposited larger foraminifera and radiolaria.
Reworked radiolaria and charophytes tend to occur together,
especially in the fluviatile, coal-bearing beds. The middle
part of the Musawa Formation represents an outer shelf
environment.
The lower part of the Musawa Formation is characterised by
deep, open marine planktonic foraminifera including
Morozovella sp.. Its middle part is dominated by planktonic
foraminifera (M. edgari, Globigerinatheka sp.,
Truncorotaloides sp. and Turborotalia blowcentralis).
The upper part of the Musawa Formation represents a shallow
marine, outer shelf environment with common in-
situ larger foraminifera including Nummulites sp., Operculina
sp., Discocyclina sp., Dictyoconus sp., Coskinolina sp,
and Neorotalia omanensis n. sp. Bivalves and gastropods,
28. including Bicorbula sp., lucinids and naticids (N. Morris,
1998), are indicative of an intertidal to tidal-flat environment.
The uppermost part of the formation consists of inner-
shelf facies with miliolids and molluscs. It becomes more
estuarine-dominated towards its top as indicated by the
presence of coal seams and the presence of ostracods such as
Neocyprideis sp., Bythocypris sp., Hornibrookella sp. and
Paracosta sp. Neorotalia omanensis n. sp. and Linderina sp.
specimens were collected from Unit H of the Musawa
Formation.
UNIT H
Description: This unit consists of 75 m of marl overlain by 2-3
m of nodular grey limestone and marl. A three
meter thick hummocky-cross-stratified limestone caps this unit.
The marl layers contain abundant conical-shaped
solitary corals and larger foraminifera, including Alveolina sp.,
Discocyclina dispansa, Nummulites sp., Neorotalia
omanensis n. sp., miliolids and ostracods. The hummocky-cross-
stratified limestone contains Bicorbula sp., lucinids
and naticids.
Planktonic foraminifera. including Morozovella sp,
Truncorotaloides libyaensis, and Globigerina sp., occur in
the middle of the unit. The larger foraminifera include
Nummulites maculatus, Nummulites cf. schaubi, Discocyclina
29. dispansa, Assilina sp., Alveolina sp., Neorotalia omanensis n.
sp., Operculina sp., Linderina sp., Nonionella sp.,
Pararotalia sp. and miliolids and rare ostracods. Burrows and
macrofossils, including gastropods (i.e. Natica sp.),
oysters and corals occur throughout.
Age: Middle Eocene (upper Lutetian) age is indicated by the
presence of the planktonic foraminifera: Truncorotaloides
libyaensis, Truncorotaloides topilensis, Morozovella
bolivariana, Globigerinatheka barri, Globigerinatheka curryi
and
Globigerinatheka sp.. Benthonic foraminifera (Nummulites
schaubi and N. maculates) were recorded by Racey (1995)
from the Middle Eocene (lower and middle Lutetian) of the
northern Oman Mountains. The unit ranges within the
A.R.S. AL-SAYIGH
24
Truncorotaloides topilensis Zone to the Truncorotaloides
libyaensis/Morozovella bolivariana Zone, representing the
local expression of the standard zones, the Globigerinatheka
subconglobata subconglobata Zone to the Orbulinoides
beckmanni Zone (P13), of Blow (1969) and Berggren and Miller
30. (1988).
Thickness: 81 m
Environment: This is an outer shelf environment which was
deeper at the base of the unit. It is indicated by abundant
and diverse planktonic foraminifera. The topmost part of the
unit is characterized by a low-intertidal to sub-tidal
molluscan assemblage (N. Morris, Personal commun. 1998).
TAXONOMIC NOTES
SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY
Order Foraminiferida )Eichwald, 1830(
Suborder Rotaliina, )Delage and Hérouard, 1896(
Superfamily Rotaliacea )Ehrenberg, 1839(
Family ROTALIIDAE )Ehrenberg, 1839(
Type species: Neorotalia mexicana Nuttall, 1928
Description: Test low trochospiral. The umbilicus is filled with
a simple plug and the wall is finely pillared dorsally
and ventrally. In equatorial section the chambers are high and
narrow and the intercameral septa are strongly doubled
peripherally only.
Neorotalia omanensis Al-Sayigh n. sp.
31. Plate 1, Figures 1-8
Material: Twenty three specimens found in samples WME 148
and WME 184 (Unit H), from the Musawa Formation,
Wadi Musawa Section, SE Oman. Latitude 22
o
19' 11" N and Longitude 58
o
23' 10" E.
Type- specimens: Holotype Plate 1 , Figures1-3, sample WME
184.
Paratypes Plate 2 , Figures 4-6, sample WME 148.
Depository: Earth Sciences Department, College of Science,
Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
ARS – N1, ARS – N2 and ARS-N3 2005.
Etymology: After Sultanate of Oman Country.
Diagnosis: A distinctive large (2.3 mm diameter) planoconvex
species of Neorotalia with 9-13 chambers in the last
whorl. Surface coarse and pustulate, umbilical region
characterised by a rosette pattern of plugs.
Description: Test trochoid, rounded planoconvex. Periphery
lobate to subcircular. There are 3-3.5 whorls with 9-13
triangular chambers in the last whorl in the equatorial section.
Umbilical side strongly convex with large pillars on the
32. umbilical shoulder surrounded by fine pustules. Spiral side flat
to slightly convex with pustules coarser towards centre.
Aperture is extraumbilical-umbilical.
Dimensions: Holotype Diameter 2.3 mm. thickness 1.3 mm
Paratypes Diameter 2.2 mm. thickness 1.1 mm
Neorotalia omanensis n. sp. specimens are slightly different
from Neorotalia aticantina, as described by Colom
(1954), which is biconvex and smaller in size (0.5 to 0.7 mm in
diameter and 0.4 to 0.6 mm thick). The Omani species
have fine pustules at the periphery coarsening towards the
centre on both sides, and a greater number of whorls than
Neorotalia aticantina (Colom,1954) and Neorotalia mexicana
(Nuttall, 1952). The N. omanensis shows a greater
number of chambers in the last whorl than N. aticantina (Colom,
1954) and has an equal number of chambers in the
last whorl to N. mexicana (Nuttall, 1952). The genus Neorotalia
shows some similarities with Daviesina, although
Daviesina is restricted to the Palaeocene and has a circular to
subcircular, slightly trochospiral test with large pillars on
umbilical shoulders.
Geographic distribution and stratigraphic range: The genus
Neorotalia is previously unknown from the Middle East,
having been reported from the Oligocene of southern Mexico
(Nuttall, 1952) and the Ypresian/Lutetian boundary in
33. Spain (Colom, 1954).
Local range and faunal associations: The Musawa Formation
containing Truncorotaloides topilensis, Morozovella
edgari and Globigerinatheka euganea, indicates a lower to
middle Lutetian age. This species ranges from the
Morozovella edgari/Truncorotaloides topilensis Zone (P10) to
the Truncorotaloides libyaensis/Morozovella
bolivariana Zone (P13), which is equivalent to the Hantkenina
nuttalli Zone (P10) and to the Orbulinoides beckmanni
Zone (P13) of Blow (1969) and Berggren and Miller (1988)
respectively.
Genus Operculina )d’Orbigny 1826(
Type species Lenticulites complanatus )Defrance, 1822(
Description
Planispirally coiled, evolute with flat to flattened lenticular to
compressed test; loosely coiled with rapidly opening
spire, comprising few whorls and subdivided by numerous high
chambers. Wall calcareous, perforate with smooth or
pustulose surface.
NEOROTALIA OMANENSIS and OPERCULINA
MUSAWAENSIS
34. 24
Plate 1:
Figures 1-6 Neorotalia omanensis n. sp. From samples WME
148 and WME 184, Wadi Musawa section, Jabal Ja’alan
area, SE Oman. Middle Eocene. in spiral, edge and umbilical
view, respectively, x65. Figures 1-3 Holotype
Figures 4-6 Paratype.
Figures 7-8 Neorotalia omanensis n. sp. paratypes from sample
WME148, Wadi Musawa section, Jabal Ja’alan area,
SE Oman. Middle Eocene. Equatorial and axial sections, x50
and x55 respectively.
A.R.S. AL-SAYIGH
24
Operculina musawaensis Al-Sayigh n. sp.
Plate 2, Figures 5-8
Material: 12 specimens of A-forms from sample WM35, Abat
Formation (Unit D), Wadi Musawa. GRID
35. REFERENCE Lat. 22
0
19' N and Long. 58
0
23' E.
Type species: Holotype: Plate 2. Figure 4
Paratypes: Plate 2. Figures 6-8
Depository: Earth Sciences Department, College of Science,
Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
ARS – O1, ARS – O2 and ARS - O3. 2005.
Etymology: After Wadi Musawa, SE Oman Mountains,
Sultanate of Oman Country.
Diagnosis: A small heavily pustular species with a distinctive
large polar pustule, relatively few chambers per whorl
and a markedly tight spire (4 whorls in a radius of about 1 mm).
Description:
A-form. Test discoidal, flat with polar region thickened by
secondary lamellation. Marginal cord is well-developed
with septal sutures radial and recurved towards the periphery.
Chambers are 1.5-2 times higher than wide with twenty
four arcuate chambers in the last whorl. The spire is tight and
opens uniformly. The proloculus has an internal diameter
of 0.035-0.043mm.
36. Dimensions
Maximum Minimum Average
Diameter (mm) 1.7 1.6 1.65
Height (mm) 0.22 0.17 0.19
D/T 7.7 16 8.68
A-form (Paratype)
B-Form
Not found
Remarks: This species is similar to Operculina campi, described
by Graham (1950) from the Miocene Meganos
Formation of California, but differs in possessing more whorls
(6-7 whorls in O. campi) and has a flatter, more
compressed test. O. campi is known only from the Miocene. O.
musawaensis also differs from O. jiwani, described by
Racey (1995) from the late Palaeocene of Oman, in that O.
jiwani has a larger test diameter (1.26-2.37 mm) and a
larger proloculus (0.063-0.094 mm).
37. Geographical distribution and stratigraphic range: Previously
unknown.
Local range and faunal associations: Found in Wadi Musawa in
the Abat Formation in association with Acarinina
esnaensis and A. soldadoensis within the Acarinina soldadoensis
Zone (P6) indicating an Early Eocene age. Other
associated larger foraminifera are Alveolina sp., Nummulites
honogoensis, N. globulus, Discocyclina sp., Assilina ex.
gr. exponens, Somalina sp., Actinocyclina sp., Operculina
musawaensis n. sp. Associated planktonic foraminifera are
Morozovella aragonensis and Subbotina quadrata.
Family: LINDERINIDAE Loeblich and Tappan, 1964
Genus Linderina Schlumberger, 1893
Type species: Linderina brugesi Schlumberger, 1893
Generic description of Linderina
Test large up to 3.5 mm in diameter, discoidal, centrally
thickened. Periphery rounded, peripheral outline lobate,
wall calcareous and test surface covered with small pustules.
Early chambers of microspheric test form an irregular
cluster, rather than a distinct spire. Megalospheric test with
bilocular embryo followed by a nepionic ring of seven to
eight small chambers with a concentric series of small arched
chambers in a single equatorial layer. Younger chambers
38. are progressively larger and alternating in position. Early stage
is covered by numerous layers of calcite resulting in an
inflated central region traversed by fine pores connecting the
chambers to the exterior. Apertures and intercameral
openings occur at the base of the chamber against the chambers
of the previous whorl.
Whorl # 1 2 3 4
Radius (mm) 0.15-0.17 0.24-0.35 0.56-0.64 1.01
Chambers
Number
7-8 11-16 17-19 22-25
NEOROTALIA OMANENSIS and OPERCULINA
MUSAWAENSIS
24
Plate 2:
Figures 1-2 Linderina sp. A. From sample WME 184, Wadi
Musawa section, Jabal Ja’alan area, SE Omanط Middle
Eocene. Edge and side view, respectively, x50.
39. Figures 3-4 Linderina sp B. From sample WME 148, Wadi
Musawa section, Jabal Ja’alan area, SE Oman. Middle
Eocene. Edge and side view, respectively, x20.
Figures 5-8 Operculina musawaensis n. sp. Holotype (A-form).
From sample WM 35 Wadi Musawa section, Jabal
Ja’alan area, SE Omanط early Eoceneط Side view, x30ط
Figures 7-8 Operculina musawaensis n. sp. paratypes A-forms
from sample WM 35, Wadi Musawa section, Jabal
Ja’alan area, SE Omanط early Eoceneط equatorial oblique and
axial section, respectively, all x30.
A.R.S. AL-SAYIGH
45
Plate 3:
Figures 1-4 Linderina sp. A
Figure 5 Linderina sp. B
4. Discussion
40. Illustrations in the Ellis and Messina Catalogue (1940) and
observations during this study suggest that the
globular forms with umbonal lamellar thickening (e.g. Plate 2,
Figures 3-4; Plate 3. Figure 5) are all megalospheric,
whereas the discoidal forms (without or with very little umbonal
lamellar thickening e.g. Plate 2, Figures 1-2, Plate 3,
Figures 1-4) appear to be microspheric.
Of the sixteen published species, four are now assigned to
other genera: Linderina douivillei (Silvestri, 1948) to
Orbitoides (Neumann, 1958); L. visserae (Hofker, 1958) to
Hellenocyclina (MacGillavry, 1963); L. ovata (Halkyard,
NEOROTALIA OMANENSIS and OPERCULINA
MUSAWAENSIS
45
1919) to Droogerinella (Popescu and Brotea, 1994) and L.
chapmani (Halkyard, 1919) to Halkyardia (Neumann,
1958). Of the remaining potentially valid species L.
rajasthanensis (Singh, 1953), L. kirtharensis (Singh, 1953), L.
kolayatensis (Singh, 1953), L,. bikanerensis (Singh, 1953), L.
paronai, Osimo, L. floridensis (Colom,1954), and L.
bihilensis (Silvestri, 1948) are known only from megalospheric
forms and pustules. L. nuttalli is known only from a
41. microspheric form. Two species, L. brugesi (Schlumberger,
1893) and L. buranensis )Nuttal and Brighton,1930) are
known from megalospheric and microspheric forms. All records
appear to be from the Middle Eocene to the lower part
of the Upper Eocene (Bartonian).
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