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Running head: CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 1 Congenital Anomalies Jillian Zucco Regis College, PMHNP CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 2 Congenital Anomalies The purpose of this assignment is to critique an article about a topic covered in this week’s reading material and discuss both the topic and the article with classmates. The topic I chose for this assignment is: congenital anomalies. Congenital anomalies are genetic or inherited disorders or developmental disorders that are present at birth. A congenital anomaly can be caused by a single-gene disorder, which is a mutation in one gene in the ova or sperm that is passed down to later generations. Mutations in body cells that are not reproductive cells can cause a disorder or dysfunction but cannot be passed down the way mutations in reproductive cells can (Vanmeter, 2014). Chromosomal defects can also be the cause congenital anomalies. During meiosis, DNA fragments can be displaced or lost. This kind of error is what usually causes chromosomal anomalies and is more common when the mother is older than age 35. Some congenital disorders happen at birth, but do not have a genetic component. These can occur from premature birth, exposure to teratogenic agents, or a traumatic labor or delivery. Teratogenic agents are those that can damage the embryo or fetus and its development. Some congenital anomalies are caused by multiple genes, making them polygenic disorders (Vanmeter, 2014). The article I chose to critique is entitled “Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load during pregnancy and offspring risk of congenital heart defects: a prospective cohort study.” It was authored by Amalie Schmidt, Marie Lund, Giulia Corn, Thorhallur Halldorsson, Nina Oyen, Jan Wohfahrt, Sjurdur Olsen, and Mads Melbye, all of whom are affiliated with reputable institutions, such as the University of Bergen Department of Global Public Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, and Stanford University School of Medicine. The article was published this year, 2020, in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The purpose of this CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 3 article was research- to examine the relationship between mid-pregnancy dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and the risk of congenital heart defects in the baby. The article does not include a formal literature review, but the introduction section provides information already published about the topic from previous studies, mostly in the discipline of medicine. The journals cited from are mostly medical journals on the topics of pediatrics, epidemiology, and diabetes. The authors identify a research gap by stating that only one other study exists that assesses the risks between glycemic index and heart defects. The first aim of the study was to investigate the association between glycemic index and glycemic load during pregnancy and offspring risk of congenital heart defects using a food-fre.
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This document reviews literature on childhood obesity. It discusses how the rate of childhood obesity has significantly increased over the past 30 years. Obesity in children can lead to both short-term and long-term health impacts. Common causes of childhood obesity include increased calorie intake, lack of exercise, and consumption of sugary drinks. Addressing childhood obesity is important as obese children are more likely to be obese adults and develop related health conditions like diabetes if obesity continues into adulthood.
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The document summarizes evidence on childhood obesity from various studies and reviews. Key findings include:
1) The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is increasing globally, with psychological and current and future health risks for affected children.
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Running head SOURCE SUMMARY 1SOURCE SUMARRY.docx
Running head: SOURCE SUMMARY 1
SOURCE SUMARRY 2
Source Summary
Eka Ikpe
ENGL 147 N
Professor Mark Wright
DeVry University
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Childhood Obesity
Theme: Childhood Obesity
Topic: Causes of Childhood Obesity
Title: A look into individual and socioenviromental factors associated with childhood obesity
Target Audience: Daniels targets the general public with his message. He highlights the social and environmental factors that cause obesity to people of all ages from children to adult. The researcher also targets the research community with his message his intentions is contribute to the knowledge in the field.
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The Author’s Perspective: The position taken by Daniels concurs with numerous assertions on the causes of obesity. The author blames lifestyle and the food habits practiced people in the society. Daniels contends that lack of physical activity and the consumption of fast foods are the direct causes of obesity.
Part 1: The Sentence Summary
Daniels (2007), obesity can be attributed to individual, social and environmental factors.
Part 2: The summary
Daniels (2007), At the individual level, dietary patterns and poor eating habits that are characterized by high fat and calorie foods are important causes of obesity. It is also acclaimed that genetics can play a role in obesity where persons with certain genes (in the family) are more prone to obesity. Further, individual lifestyle characterized by indulgence in alcohol and smoking habits predisposes one to the risk of developing obesity. At the environmental level, availability and production of high calorie foods-fast foods is one factor that has led to the epidemic.
Part 3: One more than Paragraph Summary
At the environmental level, availability and production of high calorie foods-fast foods is one factor that has led to the epidemic. Environments that promote physical inactivity and that encourage intake of unhealthy foods have characterized the American society. On social matrix, the social class may determine access to healthy eating habits or healthy ways of cooking. The study also indicates that there is a disproportionate distribution of obesity risks across minority, low-income, less educated and rural population (social groups).
Daniels (2007) looks into the real nature of metabolic abnormality. The pediatricians are also not sure about the extent of evaluation to be done on children to detect the underlying genetic causes of obesity. Daniels (2007) argues that the 85% of the underlying causes that cause obesity have short stature when compared to the other children that were evaluated for obesity. The study indicates that the thyroid-stimulating hormone was moderately elevated but was not the cause for metabolic disorder. Daniels (2007) also evaluated children with .
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Running head SOURCE SUMMARY 1SOURCE SUMARRY.docx
Running head: SOURCE SUMMARY 1
SOURCE SUMARRY 2
Source Summary
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Part 1: The Sentence Summary
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Part 2: The summary
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Running head CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 1CRIMINOLOGICAL THEOR.docx
Running head: CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
1
CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
5
Criminological Theories
MCJ 5135 Theory of Crime and Criminology
The Relevance of Psychological Theories in Criminology
The engagement of an individual in criminal activities is often influenced by various underlying factors. As such various theories have been developed to explain the behavioral patterns of criminals and enable the criminal justice departments to operate effectively. Among the developed theories, the psychological theories are perhaps the most accurate in the field of criminology. Psychological theories are based on an interaction between biological and social-cultural factors that either promote or deter criminal behavior, (Walters, 2016). Classical theories of criminology did not account for the state of mind of criminals. As such, many criminals in the past were convicted of crimes they committed unknowingly. This has changed since the adoption of psychological theories. Both individuals as well as criminal justice officials now understand that psychological factors influence criminal behavior. Appropriate measures have been implemented to ensure that the criminal justice department treats all persons fairly by assessing underlying psychological factors. As such, psychological theories have not only promoted the work of the criminal justice department but also promoted individual awareness about underlying mental conditions that affect an individual’s behavior, (Byrne & Hummer, 2016).
Review of the Literature
1. Byrne, J., & Hummer, D. (2016). An examination of the impact of criminological theory on community corrections practice. Fed. Probation, 80, 15.
According toByrne & Hummer (2016), psychological theories have the most direct influence on probation and parole compared to other theories of criminology. The authors have comprehensively analyzed the impact of various theories used to evaluate criminal behavior. They suggest that behavior is intertwined with unconscious motives. Therefore, understanding the reasons behind a crime requires a psychological evaluation to understand the interaction of the two factors. This article is suitable for this research because it captures the relevance of psychological theories in criminology.
2. Dippong, J., & Fitch, C. (2017). Emotions in criminological theory: Insights from social psychology. Sociology Compass, 11(4), e12473.
Few formal theories have been developed to capture the role of emotional processes as facilitators or inhibitors of crime, (Dippong & Fitch, 2017). According to the authors, gaps in criminology can be filled by focusing on the underlying psychological factors of the offenders. The article highlights the effect that practices such as interrogation have on the mental state of an individual thus resulting in inaccurate findings during criminal investigations. As such, this article is a reliable source of information about the relevance of applying psychological theories in criminology. .
Running head COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS .docx
Running head: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 3
A comparative analysis between Korean melodrama and other local melodrama
Student name
Institution
Most studies in recent times have discovered that Korean dramas have come with a “Korean wave” in media in the global stage. Audiences have been reconceptualised due to the availability of internet and computer that have facilitated the digital revolution. Korean melodrama has earned more views than local melodrama, a result of its marketing its content without owning a means of distribution.
Korean melodrama is a representation of a product that is a hybrid of Hollywood, since Korean melodrama makes use of practices, tools, and conventions in the narrative that comes with the preoccupation of the Korean socio-political and historical aspects. The aspect of familiarity that lacks in local melodrama exists in Korean melodrama. Studies in have shown that audiences tend to respond positively to things they are familiar to and that is exactly what Korean melodrama is.
The use of genre by Korean melodrama is a huge success to its big audiences from the west, as a study by the Korean Creative Content Agency (KOCCA) back in 2015 estimated that around 19 million Americans enjoy Korean melodrama compared to five million who preferred local melodrama as they are a definition of what the world is in reality. The aspect of what is good and what is bad entangled with emotional narratives that give the audience an opportunity to select a hero or a heroine (Martin, 2019).
Korean melodrama are structured in a way that the audience can critique structures of institutional powers and explore a world with aspects of complex social issues. Korean melodrama has a vital element of their characters not being complex and this does not place a huge burden of danger or any sort of conflict in their existing world (Smith, 2017). The study also found out that Korean dramas have integrated aspects of adventures, romance and included professional fields like doctors and police, and lawyer, which are familiar genres to the audience. The structure of the Korean melodrama comes along with themes and selective iconography that make Korean melodrama suitable for global audiences.
Korean drama has earned viewers more than local dramas in the local stage given the Korean dramas depict the actual Korean culture. Most people are attracted to Korean melodrama since they are interested with the reality. A study by a Korean television found out that their supervisor had received more than five hundred emails from people who were not Korean to include English subtitles in their videos. This proves to be a massive support comparing people have less interest in their local drama. Korean drama have earned a huge fan base due to the license agreement of online streaming that was agreed by Korea (Moon, 2019). Studies have recorded that the market of Korean melodrama has around 12% of them wh.
Running Head Critical Evaluation on Note Taking1Critical Ev.docx
Running Head: Critical Evaluation on Note Taking
1
Critical Evaluation of Four Articles On Note Taking
Critical Evaluation of Four Articles On Note Taking
Note taking is the process of recording information from another source and is an integral part of university studies. Comprehensive studies have been conducted to underline the cognitive process of note taking. This essay aims to critique four research articles pertaining to the study of note taking namely by highlighting several pros and cons of certain methodologies used, to improve future researches done on the topic of note taking.
The first article aims to examine whether the use of laptops in note taking impairs learning compared to people who were using the longhand method (Mueller & Oppenheimer, 2014). They conducted three experiments to investigate whether taking notes on a laptop versus writing longhand would affect academic performance, and to explore the potential mechanism of verbatim overlap as a proxy for the depth of processing. They used an experimental design in order to achieve a quantitative result. Using five 15 minutes TED talks lectures, the use of either laptop or longhand method for note taking as a categorical variable, and 67 participant samples from different university research subject pools, they concluded that participants using laptops were more inclined to take verbatim notes than participants using the longhand method. An overlooked procedure of this methodology is that in their first study, either one or two students were placed in an enclosed room.Mueller & Oppenheimer (2014) unknowingly made this a variable in their experiment. Additionally, typical university lectures are done in an occupied lecture hall. Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) should have had his experiments in a lecture hall with students while testing his participants, emulating an environment similar to the real world. Doing so would increase external validity without sacrificing internal validity. Participants were taken randomly from a pool of voluntary university students, which is a good representation of the larger population for their hypothesis of the experiment. Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) did not account for how the participants usually took notes in their classes. Instructing the participants to take down notes in a medium they are not used to could have affected their implicit processing of information, affecting results. The experimenters should have divided the participants into two separate groups based on which medium they were more comfortable in using. A third control group whereby participants did not take notes would have been beneficial to this experiment, eliminating compromising factors such as selection threats (Trochim, 2006).
The next article alleviates most of the previously stated concerns. This experiment was conducted to determine whether students’ note-taking and online chatting can influence their recalls of lecture content and note quality (Wei , Wang .
Running head CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS.docx
Running head: CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
5
CRITIQUE OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
Adenike George
Walden University
NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice
April 11, 2019
Critique of Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Method Design
Both quantitative and qualitative methods play a pivotal role in nursing research. Qualitative research helps nurses and other healthcare workers to understand the experiences of the patients on health and illness. Quantitative data allows researchers to use an accurate approach in data collection and analysis. When using quantitative techniques, data can be analyzed using either descriptive statistics or inferential statistics which allows the researchers to derive important facts like demographics, preference trends, and differences between the groups. The paper comprehensively critiques quantitative and quantitative techniques of research. Furthermore, the author will also give reasons as to why qualitative methods should be regarded as scientific.
The overall value of quantitative and Qualitative Research
Quantitative studies allow the researchers to present data in terms of numbers. Since data is in numeric form, researchers can apply statistical techniques in analyzing it. These include descriptive statistics like mean, mode, median, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as ANOVA, t-tests, correlation and regression analysis. Statistical analysis allows us to derive important facts from data such as preference trends, demographics, and differences between groups. For instance, by conducting a mixed methods study to determine the feeding experiences of infants among teen mothers in North Carolina, Tucker and colleagues were able to compare breastfeeding trends among various population groups. The multiple groups compared were likely to initiate breastfeeding as follows: Hispanic teens 89%, Black American teens 41%, and White teens 52% (Tucker et al., 2011).
The high strength of quantitative analysis lies in providing data that is descriptive. The descriptive statistics helps us to capture a snapshot of the population. When analyzed appropriate, the descriptive data enables us to make general conclusions concerning the population. For instance, through detailed data analysis, Tucker and co-researchers were able to observe that there were a large number of adolescents who ceased breastfeeding within the first month drawing the need for nurses to conduct individualized follow-ups the early days after hospital discharge. These follow-ups would significantly assist in addressing the conventional technical problems and offer support in managing back to school transition (Tucker et al., 2011).
Qualitative research allows researchers to determine the client’s perspective on healthcare. It enables researchers to observe certain behaviors and experiences amo.
Running head CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY .docx
Running head: CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 1
CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 9
Crime Analysis Technology
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Crime Analysis Technology
Peer-Reviewed Article Analysis
Technology has evolved over the years in various sectors, with new technological innovations being developed. One of the areas that has witnessed great applications of technological evolution is in the detection and prevention of crime. This article will analyze the various technologies that are used to prevent and detect crime.
Byrne and Marx (2011) in their article reviews the topic in detail and gives insight in the role of technology in combating crime.
The key data that will be used in this research is secondary data from various peer-reviewed sources that review the topic of Crime Analysis Technology from various perspectives. Byrne and Marx (2011) presents various data on crime and the use of Information Technology in crime detection and prevention. For instance, it highlights that the percentage of schools in the United States that deploy metal detectors is approximately 2%. The article also approximates that as of 2006, one million CCTV cameras had been deployed in the United States, although the article does not provide current estimates on the same.
The article plays a great role in my final research. It gives a highlight of the various technological applications for crime prevention and detection. This can provide a background for further research, especially the technological innovations that are currently being developed. The article also presents figures about various elements of technology in crime prevention and detection such as the number of CCTV cameras, the crime rates such as the registered sex offenders, among others. Projections can therefore be made to the future.
The article mentions several significant facts. First, it classifies technological innovations in criminal justice as hard technology versus soft technology. Hard technology innovations include hardware and materials while soft technology innovations include information systems and computer software. Examples of hard technology is the CCTV cameras, metal detectors, and security systems at homes and schools. Examples of soft technology include predictive policing technology, crime analysis techniques, software, and data sharing techniques, among others. Both of the two categories of technological innovations are important in criminal justice. Another fact is the new technology of policing. The article identifies hard policing technological tools such as non-lethal weaponry and technologies for officer safety. It highlights soft policing technologies such as data-driven policies in policing and information sharing. Another important fact that the article mentions is the issues that should be con.
Running head CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART1CRIMINAL JUSTICE FL.docx
Running head: CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART 1
CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART 11
Introduction
The purpose of a flowchart is to graphically present information in a logical pattern according to whatis.com (2018), usually showing the progression within a process from beginning to end. This flowchart will illustrate the pattern of progression in the criminal justice systems of Canada and India. In most countries policing, the courts, and the correctional systems are interdependent in this relationship, the police are the first step and the other steps follow in a logical progression. The purpose of mapping the steps of these countries criminal justice systems is to give visual context to this progression.
Criminal Justice of Canada
Police
Canada’s criminal justice system is not that different from other systems from around the world. The Canadian system comprised of the police who investigate crimes, collects evidence, and apprehend suspects for trial in the court system. Canada’s policing uses a decentralized multiple coordination model. In Canada, the federal government is constitutionally responsible for legislating in all areas that relate to criminal matters Braiden (2006), but legislating police activity is the responsibility of the provinces.
Each province has passed a Police Act to meet their responsibilities. Police forces in Canada deal with all types of crimes, from Crimes against Persons to Crimes Against Property according to the Canadian Department of Justice (2017). The crime being investigated will dictate the course of the investigation that will follow. To satisfy their role in the criminal justice flowchart the police must collect evidence and this evidence will be used at trial.
The gathering and preserving of evidence according to rules established within the Police Act and federal legislation spelled out in the Canadian Constitution Canadian Department of Justice (2017). Once an investigation occurs with the collection of evidence, and this evidence obtained through interviews and legally issued search warrants the police will develop a most likely and viable suspect and the police will request an arrest warrant for the suspect spelling out who they are looking to arrest and for what crime they wish to arrest them for.
Courts
The arrest is one of the final steps for the police in this matter and the beginning of the court process. The first step in this process is to put the person in custody into a holding cell usually at a detention center, the person is typically seen by a judge or a justice of the peace as soon as possible, this is usually done in twenty-four hours according to the Canadian Department of Justice (2017). At this point, the judge determines a pre-trial date in some cases will release the party on bail.
A bail hearing allows the prosecution to present evidence in hopes to keep the accused in custody. In the Canadian system, the state has all the expense of investigatio.
Running head COMPANY OVERVIEW1COMPANY OVERVIEW2Co.docx
Running head: COMPANY OVERVIEW
1
COMPANY OVERVIEW
2
Company Overview
Name: John Blair
Institutional Affiliation: Rasmussen College
Founded in 2001, Global Inc. is one of the leading manufacturers of consumer electronics such as personal computers, smartphones, and household appliances among other products. As a limited liability company members are not liable for the organization’s liabilities or debts (Deering & Murphy, 2003). It has experienced growth currently with approximately 13, 500 workers and an annual revenue of $14 billion as of December 2017. Smartphones and personal computers form its major source of revenue which currently comprises 45% of all the revenues. Starting 2009, the company expanded to the international market and has since experienced a growing revenue due to the expanding market share. More so, due to benefits such as cheap and readily available labor, the organization moved some of its manufacturing processes to Indonesia, Bhutan and Hong Kong which has greatly impacted the operational cost enabling it to provide goods at competitive prices.
In 2016, the company faced issues related to labor management as it was established that some of its suppliers employ underage workers and also utilizes bonded labor. It has been an ethical issue faced by the organization whether it should cut ties with the suppliers and find other suppliers. The company did not have any policies that controlled labor management practices by the suppliers hence it was not likely for the organization to act with speed. On the other hand, in the established manufacturing plants in Asian countries, it emerged that some workers received wages lower than the minimum wages in the said countries. These have been the two major issues that have recently tarnished the organization’s public image. However, it has put efforts to turn around the situation and regain its previous public image.
Reference
Deering, A., & Murphy, A. (2003). The Partnering Imperative: Making Business Partnerships Work (1st ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
Running head: ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
1
ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
4
Trending Ethical Issues in Consumer Electronics Industry
Name: John Blair
Institutional Affiliation: Rasmussen College
Trending Ethical Issues in Consumer Electronics Industry
In the consumer electronics industry, players are competing with each other to create cutting edge devices that are more appealing to the consumers. Due to this need, majority of the manufacturers have employed various strategies such as partnering with third party manufacturers in a bid to lower operational costs hence being able to present consumers with competitively priced devices. However, it is imperative to note that adoption of the various strategies by the industry players has led to a number of ethical issues such as unfair labor practices as looked into in the following section.
One, partnering with third party manufacturers.
Running head CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS 1CRIMINAL BACKGROUND .docx
Running head: CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS 1
CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS
2
Criminal Background CheckNameENG/100
Erica Letourneau
September 1, 2019
Thesis Statement:
Criminal background checks help in determining a new employee’s behavior on the job, aids in identifying illegal immigration or harbored a fugitives, and acts as a societal norm.
Determining the behaviors of a new employee
One-way Criminal background checks helps employers is through acting as a guide in determining employee behavior before joining their task force. The character of an employee is a factor that should be considered before the employee is offered an opportunity to work for any organisation (Harris & Keller, 2005).
Hiring a criminal puts the security of the customers and employees at risk. Without past information about an employee, an organization is likely to employ a criminal. In this respect, a background check comes in place to make sure that the potential employee has no tarnished background.
Aids in illegal immigration or harboring a fugitive
Criminal background checks can also aid identifying illegal immigrants or harbored fugitives in workplaces. In the modern day, illegal immigration has become a norm in the society. Considering that the illegal immigrants are not citizens of the country, it is evident that any person cannot access their records. A criminal background check does not only help to know the previous criminal engagement activities of a person, but it also helps to know if a person is in the country's system or not.
Acts as a societal norm
Criminal background checks act as a social norm which can help in a nation’s economic growth. The productivity of its citizens dictates the economy of any nation. Ethics and productivity go hand in hand. When one is involved in criminal activities, it is evident that the level of his or her productivity can be questioned (Blumstein & Nakamura, 2009). It has become a norm for the society to try and look if one is associated with shady dealings in the past. The norm has been essential in two different ways. The first way is associated with the aspect of making sure that the people who are engaged in business activities are people with a good reputation and trustworthy (Harris & Keller, 2005). The second way is associated with the influence that the background check has on the members of the society. Most members of the society try as much as they can to avoid engaging in criminal activities because such can affect their future and that promotes a norm of avoiding and staying away from crime.
References
Blumstein, A., & Nakamura, K. (2009). Redemption in the presence of widespread criminal background checks. Criminology, 47(2), 327-359.
Harris, P. M., & Keller, K. S. (2005). Ex-offenders need not apply: The criminal background checks in hiring decisions. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21(1), 6-30.
Concerns
Areas that Need Work
Criteria
Standards for This Performance
Strengths
Evidence.
Running head CRIME ANALYSIS .docx
Running head: CRIME ANALYSIS 1
CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 2
Crime analysis is a function that usually involves the systemic analysis in identifying as well as analyzing the crime patterns and trends. Crime analysis is very important for law enforcement agencies as it helps law enforcers effectively deploy the available resources in a better and effective manner, which enables them to identify and apprehend suspects. Crime analysis is also very significant when it comes to arriving at solutions devised to come up with the right solution to solve the current crime problem and issues as well as coming up with the right prevention strategies. Since the year 2014, crime rates in the USA have increased steadily as per a study done by USAFacts, which is a non-partisan initiative (Osborne & Wernicke, 2013). With this increase in crime rates, which has majorly resulted in massive growth in technology, it is essential to come up with better means and ways of dealing with the increased crime rates. With the current advancement in technology, better law enforcement tools developed, which has enabled better crime deterrence in better and efficient ways. All this has been facilitated by the efforts of crime analysts who have come up with better tools and thus enabling the law enforcers to better deal with the crimes (Osborne & Wernicke, 2013). In this paper, I will consider the application of crime analysis technology and techniques in fighting crimes. Application of crime analysis technology and techniques used to make crime analysis more accurate and efficient.
Currently, the two technological tools that are used in predictive policing software have enabled security agencies to effectively use predictive policing ("Crime Analysis: Fighting Crime with Data," 2017). Application of this software has enabled better crime prevention as with data obtained in the previous crimes have been used to predict possible future severe crimes in a specific area.
Through the adoption and use of crime analysis, law enforcement agencies have been able to fight against crimes as when compared with the past effectively. The use of crime analysis comes at the right time, where there has been an increase in crime rates in the current digital error. In a survey done by Wynyard group in 2015, the study revealed that for every 10 law enforcement officials 9 of them believe that the use of current technology in crime analysis has had positive effects in helping the agencies in solving crimes as they can identify essential links and trends in crimes ("Crime Analysis: Fighting Crime with Data," 2017). In the same way, other sectors have benefited from data analysis with spreadsheets, databases, and mapping, law enforcers have been able to use data analysis to come up with a better decision. Crime analysis ha.
Running head CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT1CRITICAL THINK.docx
Running head: CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT 1
CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT 8
Appendix:
Harmful Purpose
Helpful Purpose
Figure 1 shows SWOT Analysis Diagram of Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI)
Internal Origin
External Origin
SWOT Analysis
.
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Running head CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 1CRIMINOLOGICAL THEOR.docx
Running head: CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
1
CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES
5
Criminological Theories
MCJ 5135 Theory of Crime and Criminology
The Relevance of Psychological Theories in Criminology
The engagement of an individual in criminal activities is often influenced by various underlying factors. As such various theories have been developed to explain the behavioral patterns of criminals and enable the criminal justice departments to operate effectively. Among the developed theories, the psychological theories are perhaps the most accurate in the field of criminology. Psychological theories are based on an interaction between biological and social-cultural factors that either promote or deter criminal behavior, (Walters, 2016). Classical theories of criminology did not account for the state of mind of criminals. As such, many criminals in the past were convicted of crimes they committed unknowingly. This has changed since the adoption of psychological theories. Both individuals as well as criminal justice officials now understand that psychological factors influence criminal behavior. Appropriate measures have been implemented to ensure that the criminal justice department treats all persons fairly by assessing underlying psychological factors. As such, psychological theories have not only promoted the work of the criminal justice department but also promoted individual awareness about underlying mental conditions that affect an individual’s behavior, (Byrne & Hummer, 2016).
Review of the Literature
1. Byrne, J., & Hummer, D. (2016). An examination of the impact of criminological theory on community corrections practice. Fed. Probation, 80, 15.
According toByrne & Hummer (2016), psychological theories have the most direct influence on probation and parole compared to other theories of criminology. The authors have comprehensively analyzed the impact of various theories used to evaluate criminal behavior. They suggest that behavior is intertwined with unconscious motives. Therefore, understanding the reasons behind a crime requires a psychological evaluation to understand the interaction of the two factors. This article is suitable for this research because it captures the relevance of psychological theories in criminology.
2. Dippong, J., & Fitch, C. (2017). Emotions in criminological theory: Insights from social psychology. Sociology Compass, 11(4), e12473.
Few formal theories have been developed to capture the role of emotional processes as facilitators or inhibitors of crime, (Dippong & Fitch, 2017). According to the authors, gaps in criminology can be filled by focusing on the underlying psychological factors of the offenders. The article highlights the effect that practices such as interrogation have on the mental state of an individual thus resulting in inaccurate findings during criminal investigations. As such, this article is a reliable source of information about the relevance of applying psychological theories in criminology. .
Running head COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS .docx
Running head: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 1
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 3
A comparative analysis between Korean melodrama and other local melodrama
Student name
Institution
Most studies in recent times have discovered that Korean dramas have come with a “Korean wave” in media in the global stage. Audiences have been reconceptualised due to the availability of internet and computer that have facilitated the digital revolution. Korean melodrama has earned more views than local melodrama, a result of its marketing its content without owning a means of distribution.
Korean melodrama is a representation of a product that is a hybrid of Hollywood, since Korean melodrama makes use of practices, tools, and conventions in the narrative that comes with the preoccupation of the Korean socio-political and historical aspects. The aspect of familiarity that lacks in local melodrama exists in Korean melodrama. Studies in have shown that audiences tend to respond positively to things they are familiar to and that is exactly what Korean melodrama is.
The use of genre by Korean melodrama is a huge success to its big audiences from the west, as a study by the Korean Creative Content Agency (KOCCA) back in 2015 estimated that around 19 million Americans enjoy Korean melodrama compared to five million who preferred local melodrama as they are a definition of what the world is in reality. The aspect of what is good and what is bad entangled with emotional narratives that give the audience an opportunity to select a hero or a heroine (Martin, 2019).
Korean melodrama are structured in a way that the audience can critique structures of institutional powers and explore a world with aspects of complex social issues. Korean melodrama has a vital element of their characters not being complex and this does not place a huge burden of danger or any sort of conflict in their existing world (Smith, 2017). The study also found out that Korean dramas have integrated aspects of adventures, romance and included professional fields like doctors and police, and lawyer, which are familiar genres to the audience. The structure of the Korean melodrama comes along with themes and selective iconography that make Korean melodrama suitable for global audiences.
Korean drama has earned viewers more than local dramas in the local stage given the Korean dramas depict the actual Korean culture. Most people are attracted to Korean melodrama since they are interested with the reality. A study by a Korean television found out that their supervisor had received more than five hundred emails from people who were not Korean to include English subtitles in their videos. This proves to be a massive support comparing people have less interest in their local drama. Korean drama have earned a huge fan base due to the license agreement of online streaming that was agreed by Korea (Moon, 2019). Studies have recorded that the market of Korean melodrama has around 12% of them wh.
Running Head Critical Evaluation on Note Taking1Critical Ev.docx
Running Head: Critical Evaluation on Note Taking
1
Critical Evaluation of Four Articles On Note Taking
Critical Evaluation of Four Articles On Note Taking
Note taking is the process of recording information from another source and is an integral part of university studies. Comprehensive studies have been conducted to underline the cognitive process of note taking. This essay aims to critique four research articles pertaining to the study of note taking namely by highlighting several pros and cons of certain methodologies used, to improve future researches done on the topic of note taking.
The first article aims to examine whether the use of laptops in note taking impairs learning compared to people who were using the longhand method (Mueller & Oppenheimer, 2014). They conducted three experiments to investigate whether taking notes on a laptop versus writing longhand would affect academic performance, and to explore the potential mechanism of verbatim overlap as a proxy for the depth of processing. They used an experimental design in order to achieve a quantitative result. Using five 15 minutes TED talks lectures, the use of either laptop or longhand method for note taking as a categorical variable, and 67 participant samples from different university research subject pools, they concluded that participants using laptops were more inclined to take verbatim notes than participants using the longhand method. An overlooked procedure of this methodology is that in their first study, either one or two students were placed in an enclosed room.Mueller & Oppenheimer (2014) unknowingly made this a variable in their experiment. Additionally, typical university lectures are done in an occupied lecture hall. Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) should have had his experiments in a lecture hall with students while testing his participants, emulating an environment similar to the real world. Doing so would increase external validity without sacrificing internal validity. Participants were taken randomly from a pool of voluntary university students, which is a good representation of the larger population for their hypothesis of the experiment. Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) did not account for how the participants usually took notes in their classes. Instructing the participants to take down notes in a medium they are not used to could have affected their implicit processing of information, affecting results. The experimenters should have divided the participants into two separate groups based on which medium they were more comfortable in using. A third control group whereby participants did not take notes would have been beneficial to this experiment, eliminating compromising factors such as selection threats (Trochim, 2006).
The next article alleviates most of the previously stated concerns. This experiment was conducted to determine whether students’ note-taking and online chatting can influence their recalls of lecture content and note quality (Wei , Wang .
Running head CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS.docx
Running head: CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
5
CRITIQUE OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
Adenike George
Walden University
NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice
April 11, 2019
Critique of Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Method Design
Both quantitative and qualitative methods play a pivotal role in nursing research. Qualitative research helps nurses and other healthcare workers to understand the experiences of the patients on health and illness. Quantitative data allows researchers to use an accurate approach in data collection and analysis. When using quantitative techniques, data can be analyzed using either descriptive statistics or inferential statistics which allows the researchers to derive important facts like demographics, preference trends, and differences between the groups. The paper comprehensively critiques quantitative and quantitative techniques of research. Furthermore, the author will also give reasons as to why qualitative methods should be regarded as scientific.
The overall value of quantitative and Qualitative Research
Quantitative studies allow the researchers to present data in terms of numbers. Since data is in numeric form, researchers can apply statistical techniques in analyzing it. These include descriptive statistics like mean, mode, median, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as ANOVA, t-tests, correlation and regression analysis. Statistical analysis allows us to derive important facts from data such as preference trends, demographics, and differences between groups. For instance, by conducting a mixed methods study to determine the feeding experiences of infants among teen mothers in North Carolina, Tucker and colleagues were able to compare breastfeeding trends among various population groups. The multiple groups compared were likely to initiate breastfeeding as follows: Hispanic teens 89%, Black American teens 41%, and White teens 52% (Tucker et al., 2011).
The high strength of quantitative analysis lies in providing data that is descriptive. The descriptive statistics helps us to capture a snapshot of the population. When analyzed appropriate, the descriptive data enables us to make general conclusions concerning the population. For instance, through detailed data analysis, Tucker and co-researchers were able to observe that there were a large number of adolescents who ceased breastfeeding within the first month drawing the need for nurses to conduct individualized follow-ups the early days after hospital discharge. These follow-ups would significantly assist in addressing the conventional technical problems and offer support in managing back to school transition (Tucker et al., 2011).
Qualitative research allows researchers to determine the client’s perspective on healthcare. It enables researchers to observe certain behaviors and experiences amo.
Running head CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY .docx
Running head: CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 1
CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 9
Crime Analysis Technology
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Crime Analysis Technology
Peer-Reviewed Article Analysis
Technology has evolved over the years in various sectors, with new technological innovations being developed. One of the areas that has witnessed great applications of technological evolution is in the detection and prevention of crime. This article will analyze the various technologies that are used to prevent and detect crime.
Byrne and Marx (2011) in their article reviews the topic in detail and gives insight in the role of technology in combating crime.
The key data that will be used in this research is secondary data from various peer-reviewed sources that review the topic of Crime Analysis Technology from various perspectives. Byrne and Marx (2011) presents various data on crime and the use of Information Technology in crime detection and prevention. For instance, it highlights that the percentage of schools in the United States that deploy metal detectors is approximately 2%. The article also approximates that as of 2006, one million CCTV cameras had been deployed in the United States, although the article does not provide current estimates on the same.
The article plays a great role in my final research. It gives a highlight of the various technological applications for crime prevention and detection. This can provide a background for further research, especially the technological innovations that are currently being developed. The article also presents figures about various elements of technology in crime prevention and detection such as the number of CCTV cameras, the crime rates such as the registered sex offenders, among others. Projections can therefore be made to the future.
The article mentions several significant facts. First, it classifies technological innovations in criminal justice as hard technology versus soft technology. Hard technology innovations include hardware and materials while soft technology innovations include information systems and computer software. Examples of hard technology is the CCTV cameras, metal detectors, and security systems at homes and schools. Examples of soft technology include predictive policing technology, crime analysis techniques, software, and data sharing techniques, among others. Both of the two categories of technological innovations are important in criminal justice. Another fact is the new technology of policing. The article identifies hard policing technological tools such as non-lethal weaponry and technologies for officer safety. It highlights soft policing technologies such as data-driven policies in policing and information sharing. Another important fact that the article mentions is the issues that should be con.
Running head CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART1CRIMINAL JUSTICE FL.docx
Running head: CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART 1
CRIMINAL JUSTICE FLOWCHART 11
Introduction
The purpose of a flowchart is to graphically present information in a logical pattern according to whatis.com (2018), usually showing the progression within a process from beginning to end. This flowchart will illustrate the pattern of progression in the criminal justice systems of Canada and India. In most countries policing, the courts, and the correctional systems are interdependent in this relationship, the police are the first step and the other steps follow in a logical progression. The purpose of mapping the steps of these countries criminal justice systems is to give visual context to this progression.
Criminal Justice of Canada
Police
Canada’s criminal justice system is not that different from other systems from around the world. The Canadian system comprised of the police who investigate crimes, collects evidence, and apprehend suspects for trial in the court system. Canada’s policing uses a decentralized multiple coordination model. In Canada, the federal government is constitutionally responsible for legislating in all areas that relate to criminal matters Braiden (2006), but legislating police activity is the responsibility of the provinces.
Each province has passed a Police Act to meet their responsibilities. Police forces in Canada deal with all types of crimes, from Crimes against Persons to Crimes Against Property according to the Canadian Department of Justice (2017). The crime being investigated will dictate the course of the investigation that will follow. To satisfy their role in the criminal justice flowchart the police must collect evidence and this evidence will be used at trial.
The gathering and preserving of evidence according to rules established within the Police Act and federal legislation spelled out in the Canadian Constitution Canadian Department of Justice (2017). Once an investigation occurs with the collection of evidence, and this evidence obtained through interviews and legally issued search warrants the police will develop a most likely and viable suspect and the police will request an arrest warrant for the suspect spelling out who they are looking to arrest and for what crime they wish to arrest them for.
Courts
The arrest is one of the final steps for the police in this matter and the beginning of the court process. The first step in this process is to put the person in custody into a holding cell usually at a detention center, the person is typically seen by a judge or a justice of the peace as soon as possible, this is usually done in twenty-four hours according to the Canadian Department of Justice (2017). At this point, the judge determines a pre-trial date in some cases will release the party on bail.
A bail hearing allows the prosecution to present evidence in hopes to keep the accused in custody. In the Canadian system, the state has all the expense of investigatio.
Running head COMPANY OVERVIEW1COMPANY OVERVIEW2Co.docx
Running head: COMPANY OVERVIEW
1
COMPANY OVERVIEW
2
Company Overview
Name: John Blair
Institutional Affiliation: Rasmussen College
Founded in 2001, Global Inc. is one of the leading manufacturers of consumer electronics such as personal computers, smartphones, and household appliances among other products. As a limited liability company members are not liable for the organization’s liabilities or debts (Deering & Murphy, 2003). It has experienced growth currently with approximately 13, 500 workers and an annual revenue of $14 billion as of December 2017. Smartphones and personal computers form its major source of revenue which currently comprises 45% of all the revenues. Starting 2009, the company expanded to the international market and has since experienced a growing revenue due to the expanding market share. More so, due to benefits such as cheap and readily available labor, the organization moved some of its manufacturing processes to Indonesia, Bhutan and Hong Kong which has greatly impacted the operational cost enabling it to provide goods at competitive prices.
In 2016, the company faced issues related to labor management as it was established that some of its suppliers employ underage workers and also utilizes bonded labor. It has been an ethical issue faced by the organization whether it should cut ties with the suppliers and find other suppliers. The company did not have any policies that controlled labor management practices by the suppliers hence it was not likely for the organization to act with speed. On the other hand, in the established manufacturing plants in Asian countries, it emerged that some workers received wages lower than the minimum wages in the said countries. These have been the two major issues that have recently tarnished the organization’s public image. However, it has put efforts to turn around the situation and regain its previous public image.
Reference
Deering, A., & Murphy, A. (2003). The Partnering Imperative: Making Business Partnerships Work (1st ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
Running head: ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
1
ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
4
Trending Ethical Issues in Consumer Electronics Industry
Name: John Blair
Institutional Affiliation: Rasmussen College
Trending Ethical Issues in Consumer Electronics Industry
In the consumer electronics industry, players are competing with each other to create cutting edge devices that are more appealing to the consumers. Due to this need, majority of the manufacturers have employed various strategies such as partnering with third party manufacturers in a bid to lower operational costs hence being able to present consumers with competitively priced devices. However, it is imperative to note that adoption of the various strategies by the industry players has led to a number of ethical issues such as unfair labor practices as looked into in the following section.
One, partnering with third party manufacturers.
Running head CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS 1CRIMINAL BACKGROUND .docx
Running head: CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS 1
CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS
2
Criminal Background CheckNameENG/100
Erica Letourneau
September 1, 2019
Thesis Statement:
Criminal background checks help in determining a new employee’s behavior on the job, aids in identifying illegal immigration or harbored a fugitives, and acts as a societal norm.
Determining the behaviors of a new employee
One-way Criminal background checks helps employers is through acting as a guide in determining employee behavior before joining their task force. The character of an employee is a factor that should be considered before the employee is offered an opportunity to work for any organisation (Harris & Keller, 2005).
Hiring a criminal puts the security of the customers and employees at risk. Without past information about an employee, an organization is likely to employ a criminal. In this respect, a background check comes in place to make sure that the potential employee has no tarnished background.
Aids in illegal immigration or harboring a fugitive
Criminal background checks can also aid identifying illegal immigrants or harbored fugitives in workplaces. In the modern day, illegal immigration has become a norm in the society. Considering that the illegal immigrants are not citizens of the country, it is evident that any person cannot access their records. A criminal background check does not only help to know the previous criminal engagement activities of a person, but it also helps to know if a person is in the country's system or not.
Acts as a societal norm
Criminal background checks act as a social norm which can help in a nation’s economic growth. The productivity of its citizens dictates the economy of any nation. Ethics and productivity go hand in hand. When one is involved in criminal activities, it is evident that the level of his or her productivity can be questioned (Blumstein & Nakamura, 2009). It has become a norm for the society to try and look if one is associated with shady dealings in the past. The norm has been essential in two different ways. The first way is associated with the aspect of making sure that the people who are engaged in business activities are people with a good reputation and trustworthy (Harris & Keller, 2005). The second way is associated with the influence that the background check has on the members of the society. Most members of the society try as much as they can to avoid engaging in criminal activities because such can affect their future and that promotes a norm of avoiding and staying away from crime.
References
Blumstein, A., & Nakamura, K. (2009). Redemption in the presence of widespread criminal background checks. Criminology, 47(2), 327-359.
Harris, P. M., & Keller, K. S. (2005). Ex-offenders need not apply: The criminal background checks in hiring decisions. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21(1), 6-30.
Concerns
Areas that Need Work
Criteria
Standards for This Performance
Strengths
Evidence.
Running head CRIME ANALYSIS .docx
Running head: CRIME ANALYSIS 1
CRIME ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY 2
Crime analysis is a function that usually involves the systemic analysis in identifying as well as analyzing the crime patterns and trends. Crime analysis is very important for law enforcement agencies as it helps law enforcers effectively deploy the available resources in a better and effective manner, which enables them to identify and apprehend suspects. Crime analysis is also very significant when it comes to arriving at solutions devised to come up with the right solution to solve the current crime problem and issues as well as coming up with the right prevention strategies. Since the year 2014, crime rates in the USA have increased steadily as per a study done by USAFacts, which is a non-partisan initiative (Osborne & Wernicke, 2013). With this increase in crime rates, which has majorly resulted in massive growth in technology, it is essential to come up with better means and ways of dealing with the increased crime rates. With the current advancement in technology, better law enforcement tools developed, which has enabled better crime deterrence in better and efficient ways. All this has been facilitated by the efforts of crime analysts who have come up with better tools and thus enabling the law enforcers to better deal with the crimes (Osborne & Wernicke, 2013). In this paper, I will consider the application of crime analysis technology and techniques in fighting crimes. Application of crime analysis technology and techniques used to make crime analysis more accurate and efficient.
Currently, the two technological tools that are used in predictive policing software have enabled security agencies to effectively use predictive policing ("Crime Analysis: Fighting Crime with Data," 2017). Application of this software has enabled better crime prevention as with data obtained in the previous crimes have been used to predict possible future severe crimes in a specific area.
Through the adoption and use of crime analysis, law enforcement agencies have been able to fight against crimes as when compared with the past effectively. The use of crime analysis comes at the right time, where there has been an increase in crime rates in the current digital error. In a survey done by Wynyard group in 2015, the study revealed that for every 10 law enforcement officials 9 of them believe that the use of current technology in crime analysis has had positive effects in helping the agencies in solving crimes as they can identify essential links and trends in crimes ("Crime Analysis: Fighting Crime with Data," 2017). In the same way, other sectors have benefited from data analysis with spreadsheets, databases, and mapping, law enforcers have been able to use data analysis to come up with a better decision. Crime analysis ha.
Running head CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT1CRITICAL THINK.docx
Running head: CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT 1
CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT 8
Appendix:
Harmful Purpose
Helpful Purpose
Figure 1 shows SWOT Analysis Diagram of Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI)
Internal Origin
External Origin
SWOT Analysis
.
Running Head CRIMINOLOGY USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS .docx
Running Head: CRIMINOLOGY USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 2
CRIMINOLOGY USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 2
In the wake of technological advances, the use of computers has played a major role especially in criminal justice (Moriarty, (2017). This paper has focused on the use of computer application technologies in criminology and the potential it has in legal systems. From enabling easy access for witnesses to search for accused peoples’ photographs on the screen and go through the whole court procedural activities. Moreover, criminals’ records can be monitored using databases and it is easy to make a follow-up on crimes they have committed in the past and the charges against them. Forensics can also be conducted and investigations can now be carried out easily and very fast. Also, when one is linked to cases, they can be easily identified using forensics and fingerprints. Portable laptops have also helped police officers in getting information and any important details related to a crime at any place without having to go back to their working stations. James (2017), argues that unlike in the past, investigations are done faster due to internet connections and ease of communication between community members and investigative officers through the use of phone gadgets.
Computers have broad variance in usage which has been enhanced by computer applications. For instance, massive record keeping systems have relied for reference on criminal accounts, case records and unresolved warranties. Incorporation of technology in criminology has just made the career easy and also improved livelihoods. Many police units now use computerized applications to keep up with the ever-rising crimes. There are different applications being used nowadays, from mobile technology, to use in-car computers, CCTV camera installations and also software such as the Computer Aided Dispatch. Investigators often use programmed record management systems to monitor information they obtain and guard it properly. With the current technology, it is possible to detect impending crimes, track stolen goods and the culprits, tell which time a crime occurred and also who committed it and where.
Computer applications:
1. In-Car Computer installations in police cars.
Blumstein (2018), contends that this application that allows traffic patrol police to effectively carry out their activities especially when vehicles violate traffic rules. In the current world, things are drifting toward being more computerized than handwritten (Maxfield & Babbie, 2014). Thus event arrest reports are being typed. It also means that after traffic references are written down, they are generated by the computers installed duplicating a copy to the person who breaks the rules. This is seen to reduce paperwork and improve the efficiency of police officers' work.
2. Computer Aided Dispatch
In the past, correspondents would use hand.
Running Head CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES .docx
Running Head: CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES 1
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES AND PROTECTION 5
Doctor of Business Administration- Finance
Track- ADRP
Flexible Design Methods
Critical Analysis of the Whistleblower incentives and protection: Are a way of applying investment banking incentives to control management unethical and illegal practices
Introduction
Whistleblower incentives and protection refers to the monetary reward as well as protection which the United States Government offers to the individuals who exposes certain wrongdoings in the community more especially in government institutions. The Federal law requires the government to reward the whistleblowers a certain percentage of money that is recovered following their tips of exposing the wrongdoing acts. This percentage may go up to 30 percent of the total recovered money. In this paper, I will critically analyze whether Whistleblower Incentives and Protection are ways of applying investment banking incentives to control management unethical and illegal practices. And maybe are the whistleblowers rewarded accordingly in terms of security and money.
Problem Statement
What happened?? This is not anything like what was approved or what was in the white paper. Follow the instructions and make a paragraph out of the bullet outline problem
The Problem statement, which will be addressed in this paper, is that, whistle blowers are not given adequate incentives and protection resulting in the difficulty of reporting wrongdoing, misconduct and unethical behaviors. According to Andon, et al., (2018), Lack of whistle blower incentives and protection makes it difficult for whistle blowers to report wrongdoing, as they feel insecure. “The current whistle blowing system is not effective and therefore does not provide the basis for investigation of corruption cases and any misconduct within a company (Ballan, 2017). In support of Ballan’s views on the whistle blowing system, Keith, Todd & Oliver, (2016) indicated that the managers aren’t empowered to sanction employees involved in unethical behaviors because of lack of whistle blower incentives which are reinforced by the Federal laws.
Specifically, failure of finance department to offer adequate whistleblowers incentives as well as protection within the investment – banking sector in the United States. As per Keith, Todd & Oliver, (2016), in their recent research, they recommended that the finance department in any organization is a very critical area that can determine the overall performance of an organization. Failure to provide whistleblower incentives and protection to finance staff makes it difficult for them to report unethical behaviors.
Research Questions
What happened here? Where is the list of approved RQs Where are the numbers
It’s important to note that integrity and corruption free environment can be enhanced if specifically the involved organizations are audited or watch.
Running head CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH ARTICLES .docx
Running head: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH ARTICLES 1
CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH ARTICLES 10
Critical Appraisal of Research Articles on Evidence-Based Practice
Name
Institution
Course
Date
Critical Appraisal of Research Articles on Evidence-Based Practice
Full APA formatted citation of the selected article
Article 1
Article 2
Article 3
Article 4
Barakat-Johnson M., Lai M., Wand T. & White K. (2019). A qualitative study of the thoughts and experiences of hospital nurses providing pressure injury prevention and management. Collegian, 26(1), 95-102.
Park S. H., Lee Y. S. and Kwon, Y. M. (2016). Predictive validity of pressure ulcer risk assessment tools for the elderly: A meta-analysis. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 38(4), 459-483.
Boyko T., Longaker M. T., and Yang G. (February 1, 2018). Review of the current management of Pressure Ulcers. Journal of Advances in Wound Care, vol. 7, issue No. 2. Pages 57-67.
Ferris, A., Price, A., & Harding K. (2019). Pressure ulcers in patients receiving palliative care: A systematic review. Palliative Medicine, 33(7), 770-782.
Level of evidence of the article
Level 4 evidence. The article provides a summary of the individual thoughts and experiences regarding the issue of pressure ulcers
Level 2 evidence. The information comes from the meta-analysis of all the relevant and randomized, as well as the controlled trials.
Level 1 evidence. The article offers evidence from the systematic review of the randomized as well as the controlled trials from the experiments.
Level 1 evidence. The information is evidence from the systematic reviews of trials that have been relevant and controlled while the researchers were trying to carry out the research.
Conceptual Framework
The theoretical basis that led to the research was an increased number of injuries resulting from pressure ulcers, and this led to the need for having a study to find the ways that were effective for preventing such occurrences.
The theoretical framework that led to this study was that pressure ulcers have become a major challenge and a challenging goal when it came to providing healthcare for pressure ulcer patients. Therefore, it led to the need to have a study that could deal with the challenge.
The theoretical framework that necessitated this research was the incidence of pressure ulcers that were increasing because of the poor and aging population as well as the elderly that were living with incidences of disability.
Pressure ulcers were highly associated with significant mortality and morbidity and high costs of healthcare services, and this led to the need for a study to review the situation.
Design/Method
A qualitative and exploratory design using semi-structured interviews. Sampling was also done and used for obtaining the participants and information from the relevant individuals of the study.
A qualitative study w.
Running Head COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT2COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT2.docx
Running Head: COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT 2
COMPARATIVE ARGUMENT 2
Shouq Alqu.
CWL 200 SEC 03
Feb / 23 / 2020
Comparative Argumentative Critical analysis
Introduction
Plato’s allegory of the cave is a notion about human perception. Plato argued that knowledge acquired through the senses is just an opinion but for one to acquire knowledge then it must be through philosophical cognitive. Plato gives an analogy of the prisoners tied to some rocks in a cave since they were born. They cannot see anything except shadows of objects carried by people walking in the walkway. Since the prisoners had not seen the real objects ever since they were born, they believe that these shadows are real. Fortunately, one prison escapes from the cave and meets the real world and recognizes that his perception of reality was mistaken. He goes back to the cave and informs the other prisoners what he found. Unfortunately, they don’t believe him (Alam 5).
Overview of Gogol’s Overcoat and Lahiri’s Namesake
The overcoat is a story written by Nikolai Gogol about Akaky Akakievich, an underprivileged government clerk in Russia. Though he is devoted to his work, his hard work goes unrecognized by his colleagues who joke about his overcoat. When his overcoat is worn out he decides to get it fixed but his tailor advises him to get a new one because the old one was beyond repair. His tailor finally makes a new coat for Akaky which makes his colleagues celebrate him by throwing a party for him. His coat does not last long because it is stolen and Akaky’s efforts to get it back do not bear fruit. He dies of fever (Yilmaz 195).
Namesake is a story about Indian immigrants who settle in the US. Soon after, they get a baby boy who is given a temporal pet name by his father: Gogol. When he starts kindergarten Gogol is given his good name, Nikhil, which he rejects and clings to his pet name. But when he grows up Gogol knows the meaning of his name and starts to despise it. At the age of eighteen, he changes his legal name to Nikhil. He becomes acculturated and adopts the American way of life. That way he feels comfortable around his friends and especially the girlfriend. It was after his father’s death that he knew the true meaning of his name and changed it again to Gogol (Jaya 158).
The relevance of Plato’s Allegory of the cave on Gogol’s ‘Overcoat’ and Lahiri’s ‘Namesake’
The most significant insinuation of these stories is how the two main characters change their identity. Both of them were not named after they were born. Coincidentally, their fathers picked their names for them. As the writers of these two stories put it, these two characters could not be given any other names. These two characters are comfortable with their identities just like the prisoners in the cave (Ledbetter 130).
Akaky is afraid of changing his old ways of doing things. He was seen in the same position and place with the same uniform, his overcoat, and this made his supervisors believe that he was born as a r.
Running Head CREATING A GROUP WIKI1CREATING A GROUP WIKI .docx
Running Head: CREATING A GROUP WIKI 1
CREATING A GROUP WIKI 3
Title: CREATING A GROUP WIKI
Student’s Name:
Institution:
As far as the definition to my words is concerned, metacommunication can be defined as all nonverbal cues experienced by different people. Some of the metacommunications experienced by people include; tone of voice, gestures, facial expression and body language. On matters related to the facial expression, it can be used to show the feelings of the people involved in an incident. However, different people should be encouraged to understand the use of the metacommunication in ensuring that the society is able to operate in an effective manner. Again, gestures can be used in ensuring that communication is enhanced amongst different people. The use of gestures plays important roles in ensuring that different ideas are shared in the best way possible (Hazari, 2019).
On the other hand, evaluative communication can be used for the purposes of causing defensiveness by ensuring that judgment is passed. It is through that whereby majority of the people are enabled to focus on the problem experienced hence making it easy for the right solution to be found. The ability of people to focus on the problem can be used in ensuring that the required solution is identified therefore reducing the issues experienced by the people. However, majority of people should be encouraged to engage in evaluative communication for the purposes of ensuring that the solution to the issues experienced is found (Ma, 2020).
References
Hazari, S., North, A., & Moreland, D. (2019). Investigating pedagogical value of wiki technology. Journal of Information Systems Education, 20(2), 8.
Ma, Q. (2020). Examining the role of inter-group peer online feedback on wiki writing in an EAP context. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 33(3), 197-216.
Running Head: MATRILOCAL AND CONJUGAL FAMILY 1
MATRILOCAL AND CONJUGAL FAMILY 3
Title: MATRILOCAL AND CONJUGAL FAMILY
Student’s Name:
Institution:
My first term I chose is matrilocal family. However, matrilocal family is a family whereby the husband goes to live with the family of the wife. This is a culture which allows the man to move to live with the mother and the father in law. As a result, the man is required to change his social life their living according to the cultures of the parents in law (Brown, 2020).
As far as the episode is concerned, the man had to go and hence live with the female’s family. It is through that whereby the man was required to change his lifestyle and hence adapt the live from the female’s family. Moreover, when not controlled, matrilocal family might end up bringing about conflicts amongst the people and their care has to be taken so as to ensure that the cases of misunderstanding are not experienced.
On the other hand, conjugal family is the other term which should be considered in different aspects. However, this is a term in which the marred coup.
Running Head CRITICAL ANALYSIS 1 C.docx
Running Head: CRITICAL ANALYSIS 1
CRITICAL ANALYSIS PAPER 7
Critical Analysis Paper #2
Professor McMahon
Waffa Elsayed
HBSE
03-25-2019
Introduction
In this paper, I will argue that “Intimate Partner” is used to represent any inclusive romantic or sexual relationship between two non-biologically-related people. Ideally, these kinds of relationships show lots of love and support for each other. Unfortunately, some people do not act like the ideal condition and abuse their partners cause considerable emotional or physical pain and injury (Belknap, Chu, & Deprince, 2012). Sometimes abusing behavior brings violence and makes the worse situation ever. Different type of abuses such as emotional abuse, economic abuse, social isolation, physical abuses takes place in case of creating intimate partner violence. Sometimes some people start to stalk their partners with generating a different motive such as anger, hostility, paranoia, and delusion towards their partners (Belknap, Chu, & Deprince, 2012). One partner verbally threats his/her partner through using emails, text messaging, and social network Internet sites. In 2012, 4th February, a 21-year-old California boyfriend had bound legs of his girlfriend with tape and threatened her with pointing a gun towards her and beaten her, and kept her for nine days. This situation occurred as the girl received a text message from another man on her cellphone (Belknap, Chu, & Deprince, 2012). It is clear that technology can lead to intimate partner abuse. In this paper, I will argue that technology in terms of electronic devices can be used as the trigger for more intimate partner violent abuse. Comment by Sarah McMahon: I would suggest having someone review your writing to help improve your ability to convey your ideas. Comment by Sarah McMahon: I am wondering what this means- different from what? From IPV? It seems to me that it is a similar motive so I am unclear. Comment by Sarah McMahon: The purpose of this assignment is: “Develop an argument that compares these types of violence in a specific way(s), such as the root causes, the impact on victims, society's perception of the crime, or our response to the crime. How are they similar or different?” I am not sure your thesis answers that question?
Causes and Impact of Intimate Partner Violence and Stalking and Electronic Abuse
These days, out of ten women, one lady murdered or badly injured by her intimate partner. Life threatening matters are the most common factor which can create physical violence among intimate partners. Comment by Sarah McMahon: This is not a full sentence. I would suggest having someone proofread your paper as I suggested last time. Comment by Sarah McMahon: I am unclear on what this means. What are the life-threatening matters and what is the most common factor that causes physical violence? If you are talking about the causes of IPV .
Running head COUNSELOR ETHICS 1PAGE .docx
Running head: COUNSELOR ETHICS
1
PAGE
7
COUNSELOR ETHICS
Counselor Ethics and Responsibilities
Grand Canyon University: PCN 505
Dr
November 15, 2017
Counselor Ethics and Responsibilities
To be a successful counselor and abide within the ethical and legal guidelines, counselors must take into consideration what is involved in providing sound and ethical judgements. Being a counselor should not be taken lightly, someone is trusting us to provide them with the best care possible and assist in finding solutions that will possibly work for the betterment of their livelihood. Counselors must ensure that their clients confidentiality will not be misused and counselor’s guarantee that appropriate measures are in place to provide a professional, safe, nonjudgmental environment.
Client Rights
Principles of Ethical Practice
There are five key principles of ethical practices, and Davis and Miller (2014), references Kitchener (2000) models on the following five principles:
a.) Autonomy addresses the concept of independence. Counselors should make sure they are not pushing their own values and beliefs onto clients, but rather encourage them to make their own decisions and act within their values. He/She would ensure clients fully understand how their differences may affect others whether positive or negative. He/She would also ensure they are competent to understand the choices they are making are theirs without any other influences. Clients who are children or persons with mental limitations, he/she need to make sure they have a well-informed, competent adult making decisions in their best interest.
b.) Nonmaleficence is the concept of not causing harm to others. Professionals should ensure clients are positively engaged during sessions and are not misconstruing information given to them.
c.) Beneficence shows the responsibility of the counselor contributing to the safety of the client. Incorporate positive outlooks and thinking in sessions. Periodically asking clients about their feelings, depending on the circumstances to make sure they have no intentions on harming themselves and be proactive when necessary.
d.) Justice in counseling means “treating equals equally and unequals unequally” (Davis & Walker, 2016). If I am providing services to two clients who are depressed. One is depressed and suicidal and the other client is not, more attention would be devoted to the client who is suicidal, and the proper steps would be taken to ensure the client does no harm to himself.
e.) Fidelity includes being, loyal, faithful and committed. Maintaining and having trust within the client-counselor relationship is crucial to successful progress, once that trust is broken, the client may leave and seek treatment elsewhere, or worse harm themselves or others. Clients need to be able to talk to about their feelings no matter how bad they think their situation is.
(Davis & Miller, 2016).
Informed Consent Process
Informed consent .
Running Head COMMUNICATION TRAINING PLANCOMMUNICATION TR.docx
Running Head: COMMUNICATION TRAINING PLAN
COMMUNICATION TRAINING PLAN
Communication Training Plan
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliations
Company Culture and Communication Obstacle
Northwest Valley Community College has a culture of providing the best learning environment to its students and ensuring that school staff communicate effectively without experiencing unauthorized access to their data and information. Also, its culture is ingrained in ensuring its students are working in an environment that is healthy and safe. The management of Northwest Community understands the importance of having a healthy learning environment and effective communication network inside and outside the school premises. As such, Kelsey Elementary school is setting up measures to implement a detailed communication training plan for staff and students to gain information safety skills.
This plan will be developed by a strategic communication team selected by the school. This plan will be designed in a way that it provides a framework to manage and coordinate communication among the students, instructors and parents. The plan will identify efficient communication channels, standards, appropriate audience, and frequency. This plan will require a shared responsibility among management, students, communication team and students. After the implementation of this communication plan, the team will measure its effectiveness to ensure it meets the expected objectives and goals.
Needs and Tasks Analysis
Northwest Valley Community Collwgw communication team will conduct a needs and analysis task to determine the training needs. The management will be able to know who needs the training and the kind of training required. The following are the steps the company will use to conduct training needs analysis.
· Organizational Analysis: The school management should work with the teachers to identify the priorities of student training. In this case, the management will conduct an evaluation to ensure the training goes hand-in-hand with the school’s goals and objectives.
· Secondly, the management will list specific types of communication channels to be utilized within the school environment. Also, they will specify the skills and competencies needed by employees to ensure they clearly understand how to utilize these communication channels. By doing this, they will have a solid foundation on who should conduct the training and how it should be conducted. (Liaw, 2014)
· The last step will involve the identification of staff members who need to undergo communication training. However, since it is a learning institution, every staff member and students will be subject to training.
Research Technique
Northwest Valley management has decided to implement an external training program to address the training plan. Therefore, they need to identify and understand the organization’s communication training needs. As such, they should start by hiring an e.
Running head Commitment to Professionalism1Commitment to Prof.docx
Running head: Commitment to Professionalism 1
Commitment to Professionalism
3
Commitment to Professionalism
Your Name
Course Number & Title
Instructor's Name
Month Day, Year
Commitment to Professionalism
Advocating for _________
Identify the focus of your advocacy efforts and give an example of an issue you would like to address as an advocate. You may want to start off with something like: A great passion of mine is to advocate for __________ because___________. Research shows that this is a critical issue______________.
In the next few paragraphs be sure to:
· Identify one individual or group (local policy maker, state-level legislator, corporate leader, etc.) that you can contact for support of your issue and provide a rationale for choosing this individual/group.
· Describe the strategies you would use to gain the support needed for this issue through individual advocacy.
· Describe the strategies you would use to attract the support needed for this issue through collective advocacy.
· Create two talking points (as discussed in Chapter 13) using one concrete example (refer to key term in chapter reading for precise definition) for each point to demonstrate the importance of the issue. These talking points should be appropriate to use when talking to legislators or the media about the issue for which you are advocating.
Commitment to the Profession
In this section be sure to
· Describe how you will advocate on behalf of young children, their families, and the profession.
· Describe how you will support the development of future practitioners and leaders in the field.
· Referring to to Figure 13.1 “A Professional Continuum” and describe how your efforts will support the field away from unskilled workers and toward paradigm professionals.
Don’t forget specific details, examples, and citations to help you get a top grade
References (Text and at least TWO outside sources)
Ashford Textbook (Online edition): *
Author, A. (Year published). Title of book: Subtitle of book (edition, if other than the first) [Electronic version]. Retrieved from from URL
Example:
Witt, G. A., & Mossler, R. A. (2010). Adult development and life assessment [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/books/4
Online Journal Article (such as from the Ashford Library):**
Author, A. (Year Published). Article title. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), page range. doi:# or Retrieved from journal’s homepage URL
**When including a URL for an online journal, you must search for the journal’s home page and include this in your reference entry. You may not include the URL found through your university library, as readers will not have access to this library.
Examples:
Churchill, S. D., & Mruk, C. J. (2014). Practicing what we preach in humanistic and positive psychology. American Psychologist, 69(1), 90-92. doi:10.1037/a0034868
Santovec, M. (2008). Easing the transition improves grad retention at Trinity U. Women in Higher Education, 17(10), 32. Retr.
Running head COVER LETTER15Cover Lett.docx
Running head: COVER LETTER 1
5
Cover Letter for Grant Proposal
Pasqualina L. Anderson
Walden University
HUMN 6207-3, Grant Writing
Dr. Frances Mills
January 17, 2019
Abstract
The homeless population in communities across the United States is vulnerable to physical and mental illnesses, largely due to a lack of medical treatment resources and harsh environmental conditions. Rehabilitation centers and programs aimed at closing the gap between this population’s lack of resources and medical needs can help address many of the problems this population faces. Social programs aimed at reducing homelessness or intervening in the lives of homeless populations do not necessarily extend beyond providing food, shelter, and a means to economically transition from being homeless to being a non-homeless member of society. Mental illness is one of the barriers to economic sustainability and sustenance that have been recorded in this population. The aim of the proposed program is to offer a means of treatment for this population, using a sample size of 20. Another vital aim of the program is to examine the correlation between the homeless population, their environmental circumstances, and mental illness. It is the program leaders’ hope that the program’s analyzation of the data will lead to new intervention, treatment methods, and deep understanding of how mental illness plays a role in homelessness.
Keywords: homelessness, mental illness, intervention treatments
Cover Letter
To Whom It May Concern,
An estimated 500,000 individuals are homeless in our community and are at risk of developing serious, uncontrollable health issues (Rogers, 2018). Our grant proposal’s main objective is to improve the well-being of the homeless population within our community. Besides physical ailments and diseases that may impact the homeless population, mental health issues and challenges will need to be addressed as part of this proposal. Specifically, our project seeks to reduce the prevalence of drug addiction and substance abuse amongst the homeless.
Utilizing a case study research design, our project will aim to analyze data pertaining to the relationship(s) between our community’s homeless population and drug addiction/substance abuse. A sample size of 20 will be selected from the Homeless Health Education Group. The projected timeline for the project is three years. It will focus on providing psychiatric intervention, reduce health problems, and provide mental health care. A rehabilitation center will be established to meet these objectives. Technology assets will be necessary to enhance efficiency and collect data reports from the 20 members of the sample population (Gitilin & Lyons, 2014; Marchewka, 2014).
Management and oversight will need to be incorporated into the proposal to ensure the project achieves its mission (Burke, 2013). The project’s projected budget expenditures total $1.638 million and its projected revenues total approx.
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- 1. Running head: CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 1 Congenital Anomalies Jillian Zucco Regis College, PMHNP CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 2 Congenital Anomalies The purpose of this assignment is to critique an article about a topic covered in this week’s reading material and discuss both the topic and the article with classmates. The topic I chose for this assignment is: congenital anomalies. Congenital anomalies are genetic or inherited disorders or developmental disorders that are present at birth. A congenital anomaly can be caused by a single-gene disorder, which is a mutation in one
- 2. gene in the ova or sperm that is passed down to later generations. Mutations in body cells that are not reproductive cells can cause a disorder or dysfunction but cannot be passed down the way mutations in reproductive cells can (Vanmeter, 2014). Chromosomal defects can also be the cause congenital anomalies. During meiosis, DNA fragments can be displaced or lost. This kind of error is what usually causes chromosomal anomalies and is more common when the mother is older than age 35. Some congenital disorders happen at birth, but do not have a genetic component. These can occur from premature birth, exposure to teratogenic agents, or a traumatic labor or delivery. Teratogenic agents are those that can damage the embryo or fetus and its development. Some congenital anomalies are caused by multiple genes, making them polygenic disorders (Vanmeter, 2014). The article I chose to critique is entitled “Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load during pregnancy and offspring risk of congenital heart defects: a prospective cohort study.” It
- 3. was authored by Amalie Schmidt, Marie Lund, Giulia Corn, Thorhallur Halldorsson, Nina Oyen, Jan Wohfahrt, Sjurdur Olsen, and Mads Melbye, all of whom are affiliated with reputable institutions, such as the University of Bergen Department of Global Public Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, and Stanford University School of Medicine. The article was published this year, 2020, in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The purpose of this CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 3 article was research- to examine the relationship between mid- pregnancy dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and the risk of congenital heart defects in the baby. The article does not include a formal literature review, but the introduction section provides information already published about the topic from previous studies, mostly in the discipline of medicine. The journals cited from are mostly medical journals on the topics of pediatrics, epidemiology, and diabetes. The
- 4. authors identify a research gap by stating that only one other study exists that assesses the risks between glycemic index and heart defects. The first aim of the study was to investigate the association between glycemic index and glycemic load during pregnancy and offspring risk of congenital heart defects using a food-frequency questionnaire, and the second aim was to investigate the association between high intake of sugary beverages and offspring risk of congenital heart defects (Schmidt, 2020). The study design is a prospective cohort study. Women were recruited at antenatal visits to their primary care providers to participate in 2 phone interviews. Women in the Danish National Birth Cohort were recruited and invited to fill out food-frequency questionnaire. Discharge and outpatient diagnoses from hospital encounters were collected from the National Patient Register. Maternal and fetal characteristics related to pregnancy and birth were collected form the Medical Birth Register. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the association between glycemic index, glycemic load, and congenital
- 5. heart defects as well as the association between sugary beverages and congenital heart defects. The sample size included 101,042 pregnancies, which seems sufficient for the project (Schmidt, 2020). The researchers found no significant association between glycemic index and glycemic load during pregnancy and congenital heart defects. The researchers found a significant association between high intake of sugary carbonated beverages and congenital heart defects. It CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 4 was concluded that high dietary glycemic index in pregnancy does not increase the offspring risk of congenital heart defects, but that sugary carbonated beverages pose a moderate risk of offspring heart defects. The authors do not state any implications for further research but since this seems to be only the second study on this topic, further research is necessary to confirm these findings. APRNs should apply this knowledge when assessing, treating, and educating
- 6. expecting mothers. Expecting mothers should be instructed to limit their intake of sugary carbonated beverages like soda. I would recommend this article to others, since it appears to be new information. Congenital heart defects can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors, making them multifactorial congenital anomalies (Vanmeter, 2014). Environmental factors are often modifiable. As APRNs, it is our responsibility to educate patients about modifiable risk factors and encourage healthy decisions. This knowledge of congenital anomalies as well as this new information about sugary carbonated beverages posing a risk for congenital heart defects are important for us to relay to our patients regardless of our specialty area as nurse practitioners. It is worth noting that another article I found concludes that a higher maternal body mass index is related to increased risk of offspring congenital heart defects (Liu, 2019). It is possible that many of the women in the first study who consume sugary carbonated beverages have a higher BMI,
- 7. and that a higher BMI poses the risk and not the sugary carbonated beverages alone. Regardless, we must educate pre- and perinatal patients to make healthy decisions including cutting down on sugary carbonated beverage consumption. CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 5 References Liu, X., Ding, G., Yang, W., Feng, X., Li, Y., Liu, H., Zhang, Q., Ji, L., & Li, D. (2019). Maternal body mass index and risk of congenital heart defects in infants: A dose- response meta-analysis. BioMed Research International, 2019, 1315796. Schmidt, A. B., Lund, M., Corn, G., Halldorsson, T. I., Øyen, N., Wohlfahrt, J., Olsen, S. F., & Melbye, M. (2020). Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load during pregnancy and offspring risk of congenital heart defects: a prospective cohort study. The American
- 8. Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 111(3), 526–535. VanMeter, K. C., & Hubert, R. J. (2014). Gould's pathophysiology for the health professions. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders.