This PPT will show how to estimate inflow-outflow rate in a dam and how flood routing is done. This ppt will tell you about concept of Rule level, its importance with example. You will see how Gate opening chart helps in determining outflow from a reservoir. Gate operation video will help in better understanding the process of gate opening.

2. Water released through Dam by Gate Opening….

3. Rule Level & Gate Operation
Video by:
Manish Khandelwal

4. Full Reservoir Level (FRL)
The highest reservoir level which can be
maintained without spillway discharge or
without passing water through under sluices.

5. Highest Flood Level (HFL)
The level likely to be attained during floods
in a reservoir at the dam face while
negotiating the adopted design flood.

6. Storage
Dead Storage:
Storage below the lowest outlet level of a reservoir, which is
not susceptible to release by usual outlets means.
Live Storage:
Storage capacity between the lowest outlet level of reservoir
to the full reservoir level (FRL).
Gross Storage:
Dead Storage + Live Storage= Gross Storage

7. Crest RL
MDDL
Surcharge Storage
HFL
Dead Storage
Live Storage
Top of dam
Spillway
Undersluices
Dam
River Free board
FRL
Temporary
Storage for
Controlling flood
by increasing
outflow.

9. Area-Elevation & Capacity-Elevation Curve
These curves are graphical representation
which readily show the reservoir water
surface area at different elevations and the
capacity or volume of the water contained in
the reservoir at different elevations.

10. Capacity - Elevation Table

11. Flood Routing
Flood routing is a process of determining
theoretically the outflow pattern from
reservoir, for any given inflow pattern,
storage capacity and tail water condition.

12. Rule Level
A Rule level is a pre-defined level on a
specified date to be maintained in the
reservoir to fill the reservoir in stages during
on-going monsoon season considering flood
control aspect & dam water uses (i.e.
irrigation, power generation, industrial,
drinking supply etc.)

14. Role of Rule Level
The role of rule level is significant in reservoir due to
following reasons:
• On specified date, it provides information about flood
space available in the reservoir.
• The available flood space helps in flood regulation and
moderation during high flood.
• By regulated release, it helps to prevent downstream
flooding. It also helps to prevent panic gate operation
during high flood.

15. Basis for Rule Level
• Inflow Data
• Water Requirements for Irrigation, Water
Supply, Power generation
• Past Experiences of observed storm
• Down Stream Hazard
• Safe carrying capacity of D/S Channel

16. Gate Operation

17. Inflow Estimation from Reservoir Water Level
From Capacity – Elevation table
104  240.34 MCM
105  259.83 MCM
So, Vol. of Water Stored between RL 105 m. & RL 104 m.
= 259.83-240.34 = 19.49 MCM
To find Inflow Discharge
Volume= 19.49 Mm3 , Let’s take Duration= 1 hr.= 3600 secs.
Inflow= Volume/Duration= (19.49x106)/3600 = 5413.88 Cumecs
So, for 100 cm. rise/hr  5413.88 Cumecs
1 cm. rise/hr  54.14 Cumecs = 54.14x3.283
= 1910 Cusecs

18. Spillway discharge for different Gate Opening

19. This is how water starts spilling over Crest
(Energy Dissipator- Stilling Basin)

20. Energy Dissipator- Ski Jump Bucket

21. Thank You!!
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