Sustainable landscaping encompasses a variety of practices that have developed in response to environmental issues. These practices are used in every phase of landscaping, including design, construction, implementation and management of residential and commercial landscapes.
Sustainable landscaping encompasses a variety of practices that have developed in response to environmental issues. These practices are used in every phase of landscaping, including design, construction, implementation and management of residential and commercial landscapes.
In the challenge of urban expansion and environmental preservation, sustainable development is a significant response to our century’s requirements. Although vertical greening (green walls) are not a new concept but flourished during the last decade as one of the approaches to sustainability. Vertical gardens, vertical farms, balcony gardens, containers or planter boxes greening, green or eco-buildings, wall planters, and green envelops are all different types of green walls. Planners and designers can look for enhanced solutions where the façades are more than tinted glass barrier; greening the building envelope with vegetation can be used as a mean to restore the environmental conditions in urban areas.
Environmental benefits of green walls have been proven on both new and existing buildings; they can be applied for insulating against environmental impact, mitigating the effect of urban heat island, increasing biodiversity and ecological value, outdoor and indoor comfort, air quality and social and psychological wellbeing. Green walls are categorized into living walls and green facades; living walls which are the subject of this presentation categorized into passive and active systems, Mur-Vegetal and Landscape walls according to their systems and growing method.
Landscape architecture energy efficient landscape lecture 8Bineet Chhajer
Tree consumes lesser water, cleans air pollution, provide shade and require low maintenance. Start Plant and Design with Native Tree to save our future.
In the challenge of urban expansion and environmental preservation, sustainable development is a significant response to our century’s requirements. Although vertical greening (green walls) are not a new concept but flourished during the last decade as one of the approaches to sustainability. Vertical gardens, vertical farms, balcony gardens, containers or planter boxes greening, green or eco-buildings, wall planters, and green envelops are all different types of green walls. Planners and designers can look for enhanced solutions where the façades are more than tinted glass barrier; greening the building envelope with vegetation can be used as a mean to restore the environmental conditions in urban areas.
Environmental benefits of green walls have been proven on both new and existing buildings; they can be applied for insulating against environmental impact, mitigating the effect of urban heat island, increasing biodiversity and ecological value, outdoor and indoor comfort, air quality and social and psychological wellbeing. Green walls are categorized into living walls and green facades; living walls which are the subject of this presentation categorized into passive and active systems, Mur-Vegetal and Landscape walls according to their systems and growing method.
Landscape architecture energy efficient landscape lecture 8Bineet Chhajer
Tree consumes lesser water, cleans air pollution, provide shade and require low maintenance. Start Plant and Design with Native Tree to save our future.
Saving trees is important to the society especially for the future generations
The problem is, people cut down trees without even thinking what could happen. More likely for the next generations, there will be no more fresh oxygen for them to breath.
Saving trees is important to the society especially for the future generations. The problem is, people cut down trees without even thinking what could happen. More likely for the next generations, there will be no more fresh oxygen for them to breath.
Architecture and town planning _Unit 2 _SPPU_principle of landscaping and urb...Shrikant Kate
• Landscaping: importance , objectives, principles, elements, material (soft and hard).
• Urban renewal for quality of life and livability.
• Importance of sustainable architecture with case study.
TreePlant106K is a sub-program of Go-green program which is part of RARE program of V Foundation.
TreePlant106K is a sub-program to plant 106.000 [106 thousands] trees in the state of Karnataka, on the occasion of 106th Birthday Celebration of Dr. Sree Sree Sivakumara Swamikalu at Sri Siddha Ganga Math, Tumkur at Monday 1rst April 2013.
As a property owner or land developer, you may wonder whether replanting new trees is right for your project. There are several factors to consider when making this decision, including the type of trees you want to plant and the climate in which they will grow.
In this blog post, we uncover the lesser-known advantages of trees, going beyond their obvious roles as sources of shade and natural beauty. Explore the remarkable contributions trees make to our environment, health, and well-being, highlighting the critical role they play in our lives.
ECHOES OF GENIUS - A Tribute to Nari Gandhi's Architectural Legacy. .pdfSarbjit Bahga
Have you ever heard of an architect who worked without an office and rarely made detailed drawings for his building projects? It may seem strange, but there was one such architect named Nari Gandhi. He was an Indian architect known for his very innovative building designs inspired by the great architect Frank Lloyd Wright, with whom Nari apprenticed for five years in Wright’s studio at Taliesin, USA. About his way of working, Nari Gandhi once said, “All art must be spontaneous and cannot be planned… A house grows organically. I need heart and mind to build, not a static blueprint.”
Nari Gandhi learned Wright's innovative design techniques and organic architecture philosophies. Beyond just theory, Gandhi got hands-on experience working on various projects under Wright's guidance. This practical education was invaluable for developing Gandhi's architectural skills and creativity. Gandhi's association with Wright and time at Taliesin had a lasting impact on his later architectural work.
After returning from the USA, Nari Gandhi started his professional architecture career in India, bringing the influences and lessons he learned from Frank Lloyd Wright. Gandhi's start and path in Indian architecture blended modernist principles, organic design sensibilities, and a deep appreciation for India's cultural heritage.
Concepts and Design Philosophy
Nari Gandhi’s philosophy combined modern principles with traditional Indian influences. He believed buildings should blend naturally with their surroundings and the environment. He was inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright's organic architecture ideas. Gandhi's designs often had flowing, geometrical shapes that mirrored the landscape to unite the built and natural environments.
Gandhi felt architecture must respond to the cultural, historical, and environmental context of each project site. He drew inspiration from India's diverse architectural heritage while using modern materials and techniques. His designs included elements like courtyards, verandas, and local materials to create a sense of place.
Sustainability was very important to Gandhi before it became mainstream. He advocated using eco-friendly, indigenous building materials and methods relevant to local culture. Energy efficiency, natural ventilation, and passive solar principles were prioritized to reduce environmental impact while providing healthy, comfortable spaces.
Gandhi was experimental and innovative, pushing boundaries with unconventional shapes, materials, and construction systems. His avant-garde designs challenged traditional notions of what buildings could be.
Central to his philosophy was human-centred design focused on meeting the needs and aspirations of occupants. Creating functional yet inspiring spaces that fostered connection and belonging within the built environment was key.
Influence on Contemporary Indian Architecture
Nari Gandhi's architecture has greatly influenced modern Indian architecture in several ways.
In Memoriam - Antoine Predock's Legacy of Contextual Architecture. .pdfSarbjit Bahga
Antoine Predock, an acclaimed American architect whose visionary designs left an indelible mark on the architectural landscape, passed away on March 2, 2024, at 87. Predock's innovative approach to architecture combined modernist principles with a deep respect for the natural environment and cultural context, resulting in strikingly original buildings deeply rooted in their surroundings.
Born on June 24, 1936, in Lebanon, Missouri, USA, Predock graduated from Columbia University in 1962 with a degree in architecture. He established his architectural firm, Antoine Predock Architect PC, based in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he embarked on a prolific career over six decades.
Predock's portfolio included various projects, from museums and cultural centres to academic buildings and private residences. His notable works include the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg, Manitoba; the National Palace Museum Southern Branch in Chiayi, Taiwan; the University of California, Davis's Shrem Museum of Art, the Music Department complex at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC). Each project reflected Predock's deep understanding of the site and its context, resulting in an integrated architecture with the surrounding landscape.
Throughout his career, Predock received numerous awards and honours for his contribution to architecture, including the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Gold Medal in 2006, one of the highest honours in the field. He was also a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, the Royal Institute of British Architects, and the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada.
Predock's legacy extends beyond his built works, influencing generations of architects and designers with his innovative vision and commitment to excellence. His passing leaves a void in the architectural community, but his legacy will continue to inspire and shape the future of architecture for years to come.
A unique blend of modernist principles, regionalism, and contextual sensitivity characterized Antoine Predock's architectural style. His designs often evoked a sense of place, integrating the surrounding landscape and cultural context into his buildings. Some vital aspects of Predock's architectural style are discussed below:
Contextualism: Predock's designs were deeply influenced by the site and surroundings. He paid close attention to each project location's topography, climate, history, and cultural context. His buildings often responded to the site's natural features, such as mountains, rivers, or desert landscapes, creating a solid connection between architecture and the environment.
Sculptural Forms: Predock was known for creating buildings with bold, sculptural forms that stood out in their surroundings. His designs often featured dynamic geometries, asymmetrical compositions, and dramatic cantilevers, giving his buildings a sense of movement and energy.
Mohinderjit Singh: A Versatile Architect, Sculptor, Painter, and Punjabi Writer
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
The history of modern Indian architecture revolves around nearly two hundred architects who have/had put effort into documenting and publishing their works. Unfortunately, all the so-called historians rely on this limited material, which is readily available and accessible. India is such a vast country with a rich treasure of outstanding masterpieces of contemporary architecture. Thousands of brilliant architects have worked/are working tirelessly to enrich this treasure, but their works never came to the limelight. This is because people generally don't write about their success stories, and others have no interest or time for that.
One such hidden gem of modern Indian architecture is Mohinderjit Singh from Amritsar. He is an architect par excellence, a sculptor, a painter, a Punjabi poet, a story writer, and a novelist. Above all, he is a very noble, humble, soft-spoken, and down-to-earth human being, but publicity shy. He has produced hundreds of remarkable buildings that can be equated with those considered the best in the country, but they have never been published.
Mohinderjit Singh (b. 19-06-1934) has six decades of professional experience designing various types of buildings and complexes. He graduated from Panjab University, Chandigarh, with a Bachelor of Arts in 1955 and subsequently studied architecture, completing a B. Arch from the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1960. Mohinderjit Singh established his architectural practice in Amritsar in 1964. Before that, he was a lecturer in the Department of Architecture at the University of Roorkee, Uttarakhand. In 1979, he was appointed as an Architectural Consultant to Tashi Commercial Corporation, Bhutan, for commercial planning and interior design in Phuntsholing, Bhutan. During his 60 years of independent professional practice, Mohinderjit Singh has designed and executed various categories of projects. These include commercial and residential buildings, hospitals, schools, colleges, cinema halls, auditoriums, open-air theatres, factories, monuments, sports complexes, multi-storied office buildings, and housing colonies.
Mohinderjit Singh’s architecture is highly creative, functional, and aesthetically pleasing. Due to his exceptional contribution to architecture, he has been conferred with many prestigious awards and honours. Prominent among these are the State Award Parman Patra Gold Medal by the Government of Punjab in 1995, the Silver Plaque by Guru Nanak Dev University during the visit of the Dalai Lama in 1994, and the Best Architect Award of North India by Inside Outside magazine in 2011. Besides his professional field, Mohinderjit Singh remained active in social work through the Rotary Club Amritsar. He served the Club as Secretary, Vice President, and President, besides being Chairman of the Environment Improvement Committee of the Club.
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal- An Architect Academician & Marathi Author. .pdfSarbjit Bahga
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal:
An Architect, Academician & Marathi Author
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
Madhav Achwal (03.11.1925 - 21.01.1980) was an eminent architect, educationist, critic, renowned litterateur, and Marathi author. His name has been immortalised by the Indian Institute of Architects (IIA) by instituting the ‘Madhav Achwal Gold Medal’ for a lifetime contribution to architectural education. Constituted in 1988, the "Madhav Achwal Gold Medal" is perhaps the highest honour bestowed on outstanding architectural educationists in India.
Despite the efforts made by the IIA, most Indian architects are still unaware of who Madhav Achwal was. It is quite amusing that even many of the recipients of the ‘Madhav Achwal Gold Medal’ are unfamiliar with this legendary figure. This unfortunate situation arises from the lack of any written documentation about Madhav Achwal. Not only does the IIA lack any write-up or photograph of Madhav Achwal published in its journal JIIA or on its website, but others are also unable to provide any information about him.
Madhav Achwal was born on 3rd November 1925, in Kalyan in the Thane District of Maharashtra. He spent his childhood and received his school education there in Kalyan. After completing his matriculation, Madhav Achwal went to Bombay (Now Mumbai) to study architecture at Sir J.J. College of Architecture. He pursued a four-year architecture course and obtained his G.D. Arch degree. Throughout his college days, he demonstrated exceptional academic performance and excelled in the field of 'Building Construction'. As a result, he was awarded the Mayo Gold Medal in the final year of his G.D. Arch program.
Later, when he was to appear for the ARIBA (Associate of Royal Institute of British Architects) examination, he was exempted from Part I and Part II of the course. This exemption was granted due to his exceptional track record at the Sir J.J. College of Architecture. As a result, he only had to clear one examination in Professional Practice. He performed exceptionally well in this examination, and the Royal Institute of British Architects recognised his answer sheet as a 'Model' for future students to draw inspiration from.
After becoming an Associate Member of RIBA, Madhav Achwal established his architectural practice in Mumbai. During the initial years of his practice, he undertook significant work in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. These projects included small-scale buildings in and around Mumbai, as well as some buildings in Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand. Notably, he also designed the Prabhakar Oak Clock Tower in Kalyan, his birthplace, which was completed in 1954. Situated at the bustling Shivaji Chowk in Kalyan, this clock tower stands out for its innovative and timeless design. It is named after Prabhakar Oak, a freedom fighter and follower of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
AR Prabhawalkar -Le Corbusier's Versatile Comrade & Founder Principal of Chan...Sarbjit Bahga
AR Prabhawalkar:
Le Corbusier’s Versatile Comrade & Founder Principal of Chandigarh College of Architecture
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
After India achieved Independence and its subsequent Partition in 1947, the Indian state of Punjab lost its capital to Lahore. The newly formed Union Government, led by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru - the then Prime Minister of India, decided to construct a new capital for Punjab - Chandigarh. A team of internationally renowned architects, including Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Maxwell Fry, and Jane Drew, was chosen to plan and design the new capital from scratch in the foothills of the Shivalik Hills.
In addition to these foreign experts, a large team of Indian architects was also required to assist them. An advertisement was placed in the newspapers, stating, "An opportunity to work with some of the finest architects and town planners in the world." As requested by Le Corbusier, an entrance examination was held for the applicants. Among the architects selected were AR Prabhawalkar, MN Sharma, UE Chowdhury, Aditya Prakash, SD Sharma, Jeet Malhotra, Piloo Mody, JS Dethe, NS Lamba, BP Mathur, to name a few.
AR Prabhawalkar (Anantrao Ramchandra Prabhawalkar) (1923-1974), who hailed from the State of Maharashtra, joined the Chandigarh Capital Project on 3rd January 1952 as an Architect. It is said that AR Prabhawalkar possessed a unique calligraphic handwriting style, which was greatly admired by Le Corbusier, an accomplished graphologist able to decipher character traits through handwriting. All of Prabhawalkar's former colleagues, subordinates, and students, with whom the author has been able to communicate, have attested to his brilliance as a professional, his exceptional character, his eloquence as an orator, and his prowess as a writer.
Out of the entire team of Indian architects selected to assist the foreign masters, Prabhawalkar had a unique ability to encompass a broad spectrum of all associated fields of architecture. On the one hand, he had an eye for miniature furniture design details; on the other hand, he could easily imagine and work on the town-planning scale. Architecture was his first love. Due to these qualities, Prabhawalkar established a close working relationship with Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret.
Resultantly, Le Corbusier handpicked AR Prabhawalkar to assist him in the realisation of his key projects, such as the Legislature Assembly Building in the Capitol Complex, City Centre in Sector 17, Government College of Art and Craft in Sector 10, Sukhna Lake, and the Leisure Valley. AR Prabhawalkar also designed the Interstate Bus Terminus in Sector 17, in collaboration with Aditya Prakash.
Considering the quality, level of difficulties, and quantum of work involved in executing these projects, one can understand and appreciate the intellectual inputs and hard work done by AR Prabhawalkar. Since these projects bear the signatures of Le Corbusier, Prabhawalkar’s contribution remained hidden.
An Ode to PILOO MODY - The Architect of Architects Act & Humorous Lawmaker. .pdfSarbjit Bahga
The Indian architectural fraternity owes much to the architect-turned-politician Piloo Mody, who spearheaded the passing of an important Bill in the Parliament that enabled the Architects Act of 1972. The Act provides for the registration of architects and overlooks their roles and responsibilities. Besides, it streamlines architecture education to produce excellent and responsible architects. The status of the profession of architecture in India today is all due to the foresightedness of visionary architect and politician Piloo Mody. On behalf of all architects, the author pays rich tribute to Piloo Mody on his 97th birth anniversary, which falls on 14 November 2023.
MAKING OF CHANDIGARH -A VINTAGE HISTORY.pdfSarbjit Bahga
A new book titled “Making of Chandigarh: A Vintage History” co-authored by Sarbjit Bahga, a Chandigarh-based architect, and Arun Mirchandani, a Delhi-based archivist, has recently been released. The Foreword to the book "Chandigarh: An Overview" has been written by Kenneth Frampton, a British architect, critic, and renowned historian of modernist architecture. White Falcon Publishing published the lavishly designed, 410-page, black/white book available worldwide through online portals.
PIERRE JEANNERET - The Untold Anecdotes.pdfSarbjit Bahga
PIERRE JEANNERET: The Untold Anecdotes
By Sarbjit Bahga
Since the beginning of my professional career, I have listened to numerous tales about Pierre Jeanneret, who remained the Chief Architect of the Department of Architecture from 1952 to 1965. I started recollecting and writing some anecdotes to complete the new assignment, my younger friend gave me.
I have learnt about Pierre Jeanneret from my senior colleagues that he was straightforward, humble, polite, down-to-earth, amicable, and caring. Apart from this, he was an outstanding architect with exceptional qualities like creativity, curiosity, adaptability to new environments, skills to handle different building materials and understanding of the users' requirements.
During his one-and-a-half decade-old stint as head of the Department of Architecture, Pierre Jeanneret was loved and respected by his junior colleagues for his affectionate and caring attitude. There is an exciting yet touching anecdote. There came a time when the disbursements of salaries of the staff were stopped for one or two months. The reason was the delay in passing the annual budget by the state government and some other procedural delays. Resultantly, the entire staff faced tough times meeting their ends.
Due to this challenging situation, there was lots of whispering amongst the staff under tremendous financial pressure. Nobody told Pierre Jeanneret directly, mainly due to the language barrier as he was a French-speaking person and not quite fluent in English, what to talk of other local languages like Hindi and Punjabi. The staff was only Punjabi or Hindi-speaking, and most were not fluent in English.
After a few days, Pierre Jeanneret smelt the rat and felt everything was not going smoothly in the office. He called UE Chowdhury - the only lady architect in the department who could understand and speak French, English, Hindi, and many other languages. Jeanneret asked her if there was any resentment in the staff. UE Chowdhury explained that due to the non-disbursal of salaries, the staff members are tense and cannot concentrate on their work properly.
After knowing the whole story, Pierre Jeanneret asked UE Chowdhury to talk to staff members and prepare a list of essential and bare minimum money requirements. Having done that, Pierre Jeanneret paid the needy from his bank account. Such a generous person he was!
NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE-1947-2020. .pdfSarbjit Bahga
NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE: 1947-2020
Authored by Sarbjit Bahga Launched
A new book titled “NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE: 1947-2020", authored by Chandigarh-based architect Sarbjit Bahga and published by White Falcon Publishing, has recently been launched. It is one of the few Indian architecture publications in the post-Independence era. It features 104 projects designed by 15 foreign and 66 Indian architects. These projects have been grouped into 11 categories, i.e., Religious Buildings (5 Projects), Memorial Buildings (9 Projects), Cultural Buildings (14 Projects), Sports Buildings (6 Projects), Tourism and Recreational Buildings (9 Projects), Public Infrastructure (4 Projects), Agricultural Buildings (7 Projects), Residential Buildings (7 Projects), Educational Buildings (29 Projects), Healthcare Buildings (6 Projects), and Office Buildings (8 Projects). The projects are arranged in chronological order in each group so that changes and trends can become self-evident immediately.
The projects featured in the book are located at 46 locations (ranging from a tiny village to a megacity) in 19 States and Union Territories of India. These are spread over a vast area of the subcontinent from Leh in the north to Madurai in the south (3600 km), and Kolkata in the east to Gandhinagar in the west (2000 km). Conceived and built between 1947 to 2020 and scattered over three million square kilometres, these projects are hoped to present the vastness of architectural development in the country in the last seven decades truthfully. Each project has been explained in a uniform style and is supplemented by appropriate drawings and coloured photographs.
The first chapter of the book, titled "Evolution of Architecture in India after Independence", dwells on the transition, development, and transformation of modern Indian architecture since 1947. It discusses and cites examples of many built projects during this period. Also included in this chapter is the discussion about the "Search for Regional Identity". It throws light on the role of a few leading architects belonging to the first and second generation of modern architects in the Post-Independent India and how they have successfully adapted the principles of modern architecture to suit the local conditions vis-à-vis climate, locale, construction technique and materials besides the aspirations of people. Examples of many buildings designed by such architects have been included in this chapter for a quick overview of the entire process of the transformation of architecture.
This lavishly produced 470-page book includes 765 photographs and 225 drawings sufficient to understand the projects. The emphasis is on the built form rather than the interior and its decor.
Book Details:
• Publisher: White Falcon Publishing
• Language: English
• Hardcover: 470 pages
• ISBN-10: 1636405630
• ISBN-13: 978-1636405636
• Item Weight: 3.86 pounds
• Dimensions: 8.5" x 1.44" x 11"
• Available: amazon.in amazon.com
Sarbjit Bahga: Architect-turned-Artist makes Sketches from the HeartSarbjit Bahga
By Jang S. Verman
Sarbjit Bahga (b.1957) is a Chandigarh based architect, urbanist, author, and photo artist. He has designed hundreds of buildings and complexes during his four decades of professional career. Some of his selected works have been published in an exclusive monograph titled, “MODERN REGIONALISM: The Architecture of Sarbjit Bahga”. As an author, he has written ten books on architecture, landscape design and architectural rendering besides more than 150 articles that are published worldwide. Bahga is also a keen photo artist and specializes in architectural and landscape photography. He has received many awards and honours in competitive photography. Thousands of his photographs have been published globally.
To add another feather in his cap (turban), Bahga has found a new love in free-hand sketching, especially portraits. During the lockdown period in 2020, he has made many sketches of architects and planners of international repute. Prominent among these include the portraits of Pierre Jeanneret, Louis Kahn, Jane Drew, Maxwell Fry, Otto Königsberger and Fariborz Sahba.
A new book titled “ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: HAND-DRAWN PERSPECTIVES & SKETCHES” curated by Sarbjit Bahga and published by White Falcon Publishing has been launched recently. It is a unique book in the form of a compendium of 412 hand-drawn drawings of perspectives, sketches, isometrics, axonometrics, paintings and posters collected personally from 27 renowned architects and artists. These drawings have been selected to represent many styles, types, periods, and regions as possible.
A New Book titled DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations authored by Sarbji...Sarbjit Bahga
Book Review by Surinder Bahga
A new book titled, "DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations" has been launched recently. It has been authored by Sarbjit Bahga, a Chandigarh-based architect, and published by White Falcon Publishing, Chandigarh. Foreword to the book has been written by Islamabad-based architect Jahangir SM Khan, Immediate Past President of ARCASIA (Architects Regional Council Asia).
DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations is a unique biographical book written in the form of an extended interview. Dr SS Bhatti (b.1938) is a former Principal of the Chandigarh College of Architecture and a very versatile professional. He holds three PhDs and M Arch from The Queensland University, Australia. Apart from being an inspired academician and architect, Dr Bhatti is a painter, sculptor, graphic designer, Urdu and English poet par excellence. He has authored more than 30 books on diverse fields like art, architecture, pedagogy, religion, poetry in both Urdu and English, besides other fields of human endeavour.
SALWAN FURNISHING COMPANY, NEW DELHI TURNS 101.Sarbjit Bahga
SALWAN FURNISHING COMPANY, NEW DELHI TURNS 101.
Our friend Inder Dutt Salwan's company - SALWAN FURNISHING COMPANY - is celebrating 101 years of its establishment. On this occasion, I am sharing with all of you the company's profile along with the product range. It is hoped this will be useful to architects, interior designers, builders, designers and artists.
Dr SS Bhatti-Designed Brick-Faced Building Of Punjab Arts Council, Chandigar...Sarbjit Bahga
Punjab Arts Council building at Chandigarh in the exposed brick face is an exemplar of enduring grandeur. After 33 years of its construction, the building still retains its original elegance and looks as charming as it ever was. Credit for this goes to its architect Dr SS Bhatti who chose brick as main building material to enrich the bold and geometrical facades.
A Tribute To Nimish Patel - A Noted Indian Architect & ConservationistSarbjit Bahga
Nimish Patel - a noted Indian architect and conservationist passed away on December 12, 2018, at the age of 70. The Indian architectural community is shocked by the untimely demise of one of its most respectable and revered colleague. Nimish Patel was the founder Principal Architect of Abhikram - an Ahmedabad based architectural practice which he established in 1979 along with his architect wife Parul Zaveri.
REMEMBERING PATWANT SINGH, AN AUTHOR AND VOICE OF MODERN INDIAN DESIGNSarbjit Bahga
hen we talk about the subject of Architectural Journalism in India the first name which prominently figures in our mind is that of Sardar Patwant Singh. A multifaceted personality – an architectural journalist, writer, editor, historian, publisher, conservationist, political commentator and philanthropist, he single-handedly launched his first monthly publication – The Indian Builder in 1953. The magazine was aimed to highlight the achievements and problems of newly independent India’s burgeoning building industry and its vital role in national development.
Remembering J. K. Chowdhury - A Legendary Indian Architect On His 101st Birth...Sarbjit Bahga
"Good architecture is a fusion of emotion and intellect." These are the words of architect Jugal Kishore Chowdhury who was a pioneer of modern architecture in India. He belonged to the first generation of architects and planners in the post-Independence era. Known for his monumental concrete buildings, he was honoured with Padma Shri - the fourth highest civilian award - by the President of India in 1977. Chowdhury was also a recipient of Baburao Mhatre Gold Medal from the Indian Institute of Architects in 1994 for his contribution to Indian architecture.
Didi Contractor: A Self-Taught Architect Who Builds In Mud, Bamboo & StoneSarbjit Bahga
The profession of architecture does not necessarily need any formal education or degree. This may seem strange to many present-day architects but it is a reality. There are many architects in the world who are/were self-taught and did not have any formal education in architecture. Prominent among these are Frank Lloyd Wright, Louis Sullivan, Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Buckminster Fuller, Luis Barragan, and Tadao Ando. These are the names of just a few stalwarts who dominated the profession of architecture but there are many more who are comparatively lesser known or even not known.
One such name is Didi Contractor who is down-to-earth, a self-taught architect based in Dharamsala in Himachal Pradesh, India.
An Epitome Of Sustainable Architecture In India: Punjab Mandi Bhawan, MohaliSarbjit Bahga
It is widely known today that Sustainable Architecture refers to the creation of a building, structure or composite built-environment through a process that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building’s life-cycle: from site selection to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and demolition. Sustainable buildings are aimed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by:
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Role of landscaping in creating energy efficient environment
1. Role of Landscaping
in Creating
Energy-Efficient Environment
H.S. Johl
In association with
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
2. Overview:
Landscaping & Greening our Habitat
Natural Environment Becomes Extinct in the World
Population Explosion in India
Requirements for Well Planned Habitat
People Living & Working in Ugly Surroundings
Role of Trees in Conditioning Environment
Greening Reduces Global Warming
Functionally Suitable Trees Required
Landscape by Way of Growing Trees
Some Other Landscape Features
Use of Functional Trees
Urban Landscape Design Principles
About Tree: Form & Colour
Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Conclusions
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
3. Landscaping & Greening our Habitat
Creates Energy Efficient Environment in a very big way.
Natural conditioning is achieved.
Purify & Beautify all Living, Working & Recreational Spaces.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
4. Natural Environment Becomes Extinct in the World
Landscape = Habitat + Man
Above equation never stable
Man – himself constantly changing
Quarter million years ago – Men were hunters & food gatherers
Did not interfere with nature
Man Progressed:
5000 years ago – started farming
Habitat + Farmer -- produced different landscape
250 years ago – started industrialization
Habitat + Industrial Man – created polluted landscape
Population Explosion + Industry – destruction of entire natural environment
Global Warming happening due to Industrial Development
NOW NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NOT AVAILABLE ANYWHERE
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
5. Population Explosion in India
Population since long crossed 100 crores (1000 Millions).
Urban & Rural Habitat exploding at high speed.
Almost all highly populated areas are TREELESS, NAKED & BARE
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
6. Requirements for Well Planned Habitat
Total area available in India :
850 million acres.
Population in India : 1000
millions.
Medium density for planned
habitat : 50 persons per acre.
Area required for planned
development : 20 million acres.
It constitutes just 1/45 th part
of the total area (approx).
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
7. People Living & Working in Ugly Surroundings
Scorching heat of summers.
Sleet & blast of winters.
Dust & Glare.
Polluted air.
Noise.
Ugly surroundings.
Cruel test of physical & mental
endurance of people.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
8. Role of Trees in Conditioning Environment
Trees play tremendous role in
conditioning environment.
Cut off 69% sun’s heat from the
ground.
Reduce wind velocity by 63%.
Reduce dust pollution by 66%.
Reduce noise pollution by 50%.
Planted area cooler in summer &
warmer in winter.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
9. Greening Reduces Global Warming
Extensive greening with trees
saves world from global
warming.
Single tree with large structure
and thick foliage:
- Produces 4.8 tons of oxygen
per day.
- Consumes 6 tons of CO2 per
day.
Tolerable limits CO2 = 350 ppm.
Present level
= 390 ppm.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
10. Functionally Suitable Trees Required
Functionally suitable
trees
are essential for all
places of:
LIVING
WORKING
RECREATION
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
11. Landscape by Way of Growing Trees
IT is Cheapest & Economical.
Most effective method to
improve physical environment.
Trees once established
do not need maintenance.
Continue to serve mankind
for many hundred years.
Provide comfort & beauty.
Improve productivity of
human beings.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
12. Some Other Landscape Features
Lawns, Shrubberies, Hedges,
Flower beds,Ground Material,
Water features
Contribute in creating energy
efficient environment.
Beautify buildings.
Add pleasure.
Make areas attractive &
comfortable.
But expensive compared to trees.
Productive value is much less.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
13. Use of Functional Trees
Essential Qualities of Trees to be Used for
Landscaping.
Trees should be:
Structurally big with abundant foliage.
Very hardy – facing extremes of weather.
Highly durable – having very long life.
Able to stand environmental pollution.
Suitable for agro-climatic conditions.
Indigenous species
Should meet aesthetic requirements.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
14. Urban Landscape Design Principles
Plantation of city roads and streets should be done according to fundamental
design principles.
Density, Diversity, Form, Colour, Scale to be considered while doing plantation.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
15. Urban Landscape Design Principles
Dense plantation produces excellent composition.
Single kind of plants creates excellent collective impact.
Trees with big structures & spreading crown creates green tunnel.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
16. Urban Landscape Design Principles
With close planting
trees develop:
Tall straight trunk.
Narrow high crown.
Does not obstruct views
of the city.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
17. Urban Landscape Design Principles
Tall & large sized plants
are suitable for narrow
streets.
Look fantastic &
according to scale.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
18. Urban Landscape Design Principles
Use of large sized plants.
Height more than 10 feet.
Stem thickness not less
than 3 inches.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
19. About Tree: Form & Colour
Form & colour of trees – not important for city plantation.
With close planting form of tree changes entirely.
Open grown trees never make good pattern in urban spaces.
Out of 52 weeks in a year, blooming period is merely 2 weeks.
Structurally, flowering trees are too small – unfit for city roads & streets
Flowering trees only good for gardens, parks, open spaces & homes.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
20. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Neem
Pride of India
Melia azedarach
Giant Tree.
Dense foliage.
Hardiest & sturdiest.
Very long life–more than 100 yrs.
Pollution tolerant.
Indigenous.
Ideal for landscaping.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
21. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Indian Mahogany
Chukrassia tabularis
Structurally very big.
Beautiful dark green foliage.
Purify environment.
Very hardy.
Very long life-more than 100 yrs.
Excellent for aesthetic plantations.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
22. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Indian Laurel Fig
Ficus microcarpa
Giant tree.
Foliage – extensive, pretty,
shining, dense.
Interesting structure with
upright, spreading & drooping
branches
Very long life-more than 100
yrs.
Excellent for landscaping.
Ideal for big avenues.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
23. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Spreading Ashoka
The Mast Tree
Polyalthia longifolia
Very tall elegant tree.
Symmetrical crown.
Structurally strong.
Abundant foliage.
Excellent for narrow streets.
Stands environmental pollution.
Very pretty – meets aesthetic
requirements.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
24. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Mahogany
Swietenia mahogany
Hardy, sturdy & durable tree.
Structurally big.
Foliage dark green, shining
& very beautiful.
Stands pollution.
Purifies environment.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
25. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Kusam
Schleichera oleosa
Most beautiful & striking.
Very hardy & durable.
Big structure.
New foliage crimson in colour.
Foliage becomes brilliant yellow in
autumn months.
Pollution tolerant.
Excellent for aesthetic plantations.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
26. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Bahera
Terminalia bellerica
Very hardy.
Tall.
Beautiful.
Long life.
Pollution tolerant.
Highly functional.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
27. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Uriam
Bischofia javanica
Large evergreen tree.
Very beautiful foliage.
Big structure.
Very hardy & durable.
Pollution tolerant.
Foliage colourful in spring &
autumn.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
28. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Toon
Cedrella tuna
Big structure.
Very hardy & durable.
Pollution tolerant.
Indigenous.
New foliage appears in early
spring.
Excellent for car parking areas.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
29. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Hollock
Terminalia myriocarpa
Big structure & strong frame.
Very hardy.
Highly durable.
Pollution tolerant.
Excellent for landscaping.
Foliage & flowers very pretty.
Very long life-more than 100
yrs.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
30. Conclusions:
Design Process must include Landscape.
Trees are important element of design.
Selection of trees is very important.
Result oriented programme of greening needed.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J
31. Thank you
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J