In three-stage prospective cohort controlled research of 2876 persons with chronic diffuse liver diseases (2076 cases of fatty liver disease, 509 cases of chronic hepatitis, 139 cases of liver cirrhosis) and 152 healthy controls the clinical significance of radiation methods of investigation in quantitative evaluation of liver morphofunctional state in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases was estimated. Diagnosisprognostic algorithm for patients with this pathology was developed, validated and recommended for practical application. Further perspectives are related to detailed chronic diffuse liver diseases stratification by intensity of steatosis (in fatty liver disease), activity (in chronic hepatitis) and fibrosis (in chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis).
Background: The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis is increasing. Preoperative diagnosis continues to
be the biggest challenge. Diagnosis is established only after histopathological examination. The modes of presentation
and therapeutic options need to be assessed. Objectives: To study the patterns of presentations, the extent of organ
involvement and therapeutic options. Materials and methods: Fifty histopathologically proven cases of abdominal
tuberculosis were studied. In addition, epidemiologic data, clinical patterns of presentation, diagnostic and various
surgical options, including outcomes, were studied. Results: The mortality in the study was 8%. The disease was
commonly seen in 21 to 40 years old and commonly seen in females. HIV positivity, anaemia and hypoproteinaemia
were associated with poor outcomes. Four types of presentations were observed. Diagnostic laparoscopy enabled early
histopathological diagnosis of biopsy specimens. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment Surgery is a significant
adjunct in diagnosing and managing complications. Patients presenting with perforative peritonitis had a poor prognosis
Conclusion: Critical evaluation of chronic abdominal pain is essential. Supportive evidence such as the history of TB or
contact with a patient suffering from TB is highly suggestive of abdominal tuberculosis. Radiological tests are highly
suggestive but not diagnostic. Diagnostic laparoscopy enables tissue diagnosis. Chemotherapy accompanied by surgical
intervention for complications is the mainstay of treatment.
Role of the Biochemistry Labs in Promoting the Health Care Services for the I...IJERA Editor
The health care in the State of Kuwait depends to a greater extent on the biochemical and clinical labs attached
at each hospital. The data obtained from these laboratories will facilitate the process of diagnosing the disease
accurately. This will have a positive impact on the selection of appropriate treatment for the patients in general
and for diabetics specifically.
The main objective of this research was to build a profile for lab analysis and a database for building a
comprehensive system of integrated activities to raise health care for diabetic patients in Kuwait. The study
revealed the burden of admitted diabetic cases on the blood chemistry laboratory in Sabah Hospital (in relation
to length of stay and total numbers of lab requests). The aim was fulfilled by designing a model of the
biochemical tests for diabetics; filling in forms from the reality of patient data, completing and analyzing the
results electronically.
The study showed the importance of biochemical and clinical labs since they act as the link of patient's
information at the secondary health care level.
Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Chronic Abdominal Conditions with Uncertain...Dr. Ashvind Bawa
A Study by Department of Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab and Department of Neurosurgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
A Retrospective Analysis of Complications of Pelvic Exenteration - A Single I...Premier Publishers
To analyse complications in patients who underwent pelvic exenteration procedures performed in our, between January 2013 – December 2018. A retrospective analysis of the baseline characteristics, surgical outcomes, complication rates of 51 patients who had undergone pelvic exenteration procedures between January 2013 and December 2018 was made. The results analysed using chi-square test. Of the 51 patients, 38 were operated for primary malignancy and 13 underwent exenteration for recurrences. Seventeen patients were operated by laparoscopy whereas the rest underwent open procedures. The diagnosis for which exenteration had been done included cancers of cervix (37), urinary bladder (5), rectum (4), urethra (1), vagina (3), and ovary (1). Bleeding was the most common complication encountered. Hypokalaemia, surgical site infections, urine leak and sepsis were seen in early post-operative period. The morbidity rate (major) was 33.3% and the mortality rate was 5.8% in our centre. The late outcome was inadequately evaluated as most patients lost follow-up. Pelvic exenteration is the only surgical option available for advanced pelvic malignancies and the morbidity pattern differs based on diagnosis, extent of resection and the type of diversion procedure. In a high-volume centre, the morbidity and mortality rates are acceptable compared with international standards.
The mortality rate of perforated peptic ulcer is still high particularly for aged patients and all the existing scoring systems to predict mortality are complicated or based on history taking which is not always reliable for elderly patients. This study’s aim was to develop an easy and applicable scoring system to predict mortality based on hospital admission data.
Abnormal Sodium and Chlorine Level Is Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cance...JohnJulie1
The imbalance of sodium and chloride ions occurs frequently in patients with lung cancer. However, the correlation between ion concentration change and patients prognosis have not been studied thoroughly. Our research will fill the gap, especially for high ion concentration.
Abnormal Sodium and Chlorine Level Is Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cance...daranisaha
The imbalance of sodium and chloride ions occurs frequently in patients with lung cancer. However, the correlation between ion concentration change and patients prognosis have not been studied thoroughly. Our research will fill the gap, especially for high ion concentration.
Background: The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis is increasing. Preoperative diagnosis continues to
be the biggest challenge. Diagnosis is established only after histopathological examination. The modes of presentation
and therapeutic options need to be assessed. Objectives: To study the patterns of presentations, the extent of organ
involvement and therapeutic options. Materials and methods: Fifty histopathologically proven cases of abdominal
tuberculosis were studied. In addition, epidemiologic data, clinical patterns of presentation, diagnostic and various
surgical options, including outcomes, were studied. Results: The mortality in the study was 8%. The disease was
commonly seen in 21 to 40 years old and commonly seen in females. HIV positivity, anaemia and hypoproteinaemia
were associated with poor outcomes. Four types of presentations were observed. Diagnostic laparoscopy enabled early
histopathological diagnosis of biopsy specimens. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment Surgery is a significant
adjunct in diagnosing and managing complications. Patients presenting with perforative peritonitis had a poor prognosis
Conclusion: Critical evaluation of chronic abdominal pain is essential. Supportive evidence such as the history of TB or
contact with a patient suffering from TB is highly suggestive of abdominal tuberculosis. Radiological tests are highly
suggestive but not diagnostic. Diagnostic laparoscopy enables tissue diagnosis. Chemotherapy accompanied by surgical
intervention for complications is the mainstay of treatment.
Role of the Biochemistry Labs in Promoting the Health Care Services for the I...IJERA Editor
The health care in the State of Kuwait depends to a greater extent on the biochemical and clinical labs attached
at each hospital. The data obtained from these laboratories will facilitate the process of diagnosing the disease
accurately. This will have a positive impact on the selection of appropriate treatment for the patients in general
and for diabetics specifically.
The main objective of this research was to build a profile for lab analysis and a database for building a
comprehensive system of integrated activities to raise health care for diabetic patients in Kuwait. The study
revealed the burden of admitted diabetic cases on the blood chemistry laboratory in Sabah Hospital (in relation
to length of stay and total numbers of lab requests). The aim was fulfilled by designing a model of the
biochemical tests for diabetics; filling in forms from the reality of patient data, completing and analyzing the
results electronically.
The study showed the importance of biochemical and clinical labs since they act as the link of patient's
information at the secondary health care level.
Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Chronic Abdominal Conditions with Uncertain...Dr. Ashvind Bawa
A Study by Department of Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab and Department of Neurosurgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
A Retrospective Analysis of Complications of Pelvic Exenteration - A Single I...Premier Publishers
To analyse complications in patients who underwent pelvic exenteration procedures performed in our, between January 2013 – December 2018. A retrospective analysis of the baseline characteristics, surgical outcomes, complication rates of 51 patients who had undergone pelvic exenteration procedures between January 2013 and December 2018 was made. The results analysed using chi-square test. Of the 51 patients, 38 were operated for primary malignancy and 13 underwent exenteration for recurrences. Seventeen patients were operated by laparoscopy whereas the rest underwent open procedures. The diagnosis for which exenteration had been done included cancers of cervix (37), urinary bladder (5), rectum (4), urethra (1), vagina (3), and ovary (1). Bleeding was the most common complication encountered. Hypokalaemia, surgical site infections, urine leak and sepsis were seen in early post-operative period. The morbidity rate (major) was 33.3% and the mortality rate was 5.8% in our centre. The late outcome was inadequately evaluated as most patients lost follow-up. Pelvic exenteration is the only surgical option available for advanced pelvic malignancies and the morbidity pattern differs based on diagnosis, extent of resection and the type of diversion procedure. In a high-volume centre, the morbidity and mortality rates are acceptable compared with international standards.
The mortality rate of perforated peptic ulcer is still high particularly for aged patients and all the existing scoring systems to predict mortality are complicated or based on history taking which is not always reliable for elderly patients. This study’s aim was to develop an easy and applicable scoring system to predict mortality based on hospital admission data.
Abnormal Sodium and Chlorine Level Is Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cance...JohnJulie1
The imbalance of sodium and chloride ions occurs frequently in patients with lung cancer. However, the correlation between ion concentration change and patients prognosis have not been studied thoroughly. Our research will fill the gap, especially for high ion concentration.
Abnormal Sodium and Chlorine Level Is Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cance...daranisaha
The imbalance of sodium and chloride ions occurs frequently in patients with lung cancer. However, the correlation between ion concentration change and patients prognosis have not been studied thoroughly. Our research will fill the gap, especially for high ion concentration.
Abnormal Sodium and Chlorine Level Is Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cance...semualkaira
The imbalance of sodium and chloride ions occurs frequently in patients with lung cancer. However, the correlation between ion concentration change and patients prognosis have not been studied thoroughly. Our research will fill the gap, especially for high ion concentration.
Abnormal Sodium and Chlorine Level Is Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cance...semualkaira
The imbalance of sodium and chloride ions occurs frequently in patients with lung cancer. However, the correlation between ion concentration change and patients prognosis have not been studied thoroughly. Our research will fill the gap, especially for high ion concentration.
Prospective Study of Acute Appendicitis with its Clinical, Radiological Profi...semualkaira
Acute appendicitis is the most common condition encountered in general surgical practice. Alvarado and Modified Alvarado Scores (MASS) are the commonly used scoring
systems for its diagnosis, but its performance has been found to
be poor in certain populations. Hence, we compared the RIPASA
score with MASS, to find out which is a better diagnostic tool for
acute appendicitis in the Indian population.
The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score: A Tool for the
Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis that Outperforms the Alvarado
Score
Manne Andersson Æ Roland E. Andersson
The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of liver examination by ultrasound in Najran patients during the period Dec 2011- Dec 2012, specifically to discover the rate of incidence of fatty liver and its relationship to risk factors. This is a retrospective, descriptive and quantitative case series using data collected from King Khalid hospital in Najran during the period Dec 2011- Dec 2012, where 957 patients had undergone ultrasound examination for different abdominal diseases. Data of this study was collected using a check list from the PACS (picture archive and communicating system) and the results were analyzed by using SPSS computer system. Data for a total of 957 patients who had completed abdominal ultrasound were collected. 319 were found to have fatty liver as diagnosed by ultrasound. The mean age of the study group was (49.6 ± 14.1), the mean weight was (78± 6.12), and an elevated level of ALT (alanine aminotransferase ), AST (aspartate aminotransferase) was detected in 55.7 % and 43.2% respectively . A BMI (Body mass index) > 25kg/m2 was detected in 80 % of the patient. The prevalence of NAFLD (non alcoholic fatty liver disease) was 33.3 % and it was more common in females (178, 55.4%) than in males (141, 44.1%). It is highest in the age group 40-60 years old. Diabetes was present in 24.1 % (77 patients with high fasting glucose), obesity in 45.7% (147 patients). Of the all patients, high cholesterol was present in 23, 7 % of the total. The prevalence of fatty liver in Najran patients is high. It is more common in the female than male. Obesity and diabetes are the common risk factors associated with fatty liver disease.
Efficiency of Use of Dietary Supplement Arteroprotect® In Prevention of Cardi...inventionjournals
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in most developed countries and in many developing countries. The main cause of cardiovascular disease in 95% cases is supposed to be atherosclerosis, and the symptoms occur when the process is already at an advanced stage of disease. Present study was conducted to examine an efficiency of ARTEROprotect® (by Abela Pharm, Serbia) in prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The study was conducted by 76 doctors in primary health centers throughout the Republic of Serbia as a prospective clinical study of two groups of subjects. The study group included 4031 subjects (1785 males and 2246 females) who were taking ARTEROprotect® , while the control group consisted of 2564 subjects (1135 males and 1428 females) who were not taking it. Based on the results, dietary supplement ARTEROprotect® , used alone, could contribute to lowering levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol; in combination with a statin it can achieve the target value of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol.
3TC-DTG Dual Therapy and Its Implications in Hepatic Steatosis in People Livi...semualkaira
Hepatic disease is one of the major comorbidities
in people living with HIV. We intended to define the incidence of
NAFLD and to identify any factors which may be associated with
such a condition.
Evaluate of the Physical Performance of Patients Undergoing HemodialysisAhmed Alkhaqani
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health burden with high costs to the health system. It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as a reduced quality of life. With the increase in the number of maintenance hemodialysis patients, debilitating conditions of muscle wasting and atrophy have become one of the biggest concerns for patients with CKD.
Objectives: The present study aimed to measure the physical performance level of patients with end-stage kidney disease and undergoing regular hemodialysis through using a short physical performance battery (SPPB) scale.
Methods: A descriptive design study (cross-sectional) was conducted on participants selected from the Dialysis Kidney Unit at Al-Sadder Medical Hospital in Al-Najaf City in order to achieve the study aim. The period of study is from 20th December 2020 to 28th February 2021. A non-probability (purposive sample) technique was used consisted of (62) patients who are medically diagnosed with CKD and undergoing hemodialysis included in the present study. The data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of three parts, including socio-demographic, clinical data form, and short physical performance battery (SPPB) scale.
Results: Show that there is a significant difference between means throughout three periods of test-1 (6.10), test-2 (6.16), and test-3 (5.40) at P=0.024, that the levels of all of the physical performance are below the predicted levels at the baseline assessment and they still deteriorate even at the third assessment The results indicated that the poor physical performance of patients suffer from chronic kidney disease and undergoing hemodialysis treatment.
Conclusion: Patients with end-stage kidney disease and undergoing hemodialysis have a low level of physical performance. This result is related to the physical activity regarding the population on hemodialysis, not being related to the demographic and clinical data evaluated.
The Impact Visceral Abdominal Fat and Muscle Mass Using CT on Patients with S...semualkaira
The association between abdominal visceral
fatty area (VFA) and muscle mass and mortality is not fully understood despite the fact that being overweight is an established
risk factor for the onset and severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). We
assessed the effect of VFA on severe AP (SAP) mortality
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of adipose
and muscle parameters with the severity grade of AP
Аллопуринол и прогрессирование ХБП и кардиоваскулярные события. РКИ / Allopur...hivlifeinfo
Allopurinol and Progression of CKD and Cardiovascular Events- Long-term Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial.Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Apr
Background:Asymptomatic hyperuricemia increases renal and cardiovascular (CV) risk. We previously
conducted a 2-year, single-blind, randomized, controlled trial of allopurinol treatment that showed improved
estimated glomerular filtration rate and reduced CV risk.
Study Design:Post hoc analysis of a long-term follow-up after completion of the 2-year trial.
Setting & Participants:113 participants (57 in the allopurinol group and 56 in the control group) initially
followed up for 2 years and 107 participants followed up to 5 additional years.
Intervention: Continuation of allopurinol treatment, 100 mg/d, or standard treatment.
Outcome:Renal event (defined as starting dialysis therapy and/or doubling serum creatinine and/or$50%
decrease in estimated estimated glomerular filtration rate) and CV events (defined as myocardial infarction,
coronary revascularization or angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease).
Results:During initial follow-up, there were 2 renal and 7 CV events in the allopurinol group compared with
6 renal and 15 CV events in the control group. In the long-term follow-up period, 12 of 56 participants taking
allopurinol stopped treatment and 10 of 51 control participants received allopurinol. During long-term follow-up,
an additional 7 and 9 participants in the allopurinol group experienced a renal or CV event, respectively, and an
additional 18 and 8 participants in the control group experienced a renal or CV event, respectively. Thus,
during the initial and long-term follow-up (median, 84 months), 9 patients in the allopurinol group had a
renal event compared with 24 patients in the control group (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15-0.69; P50.004;
adjusted for age, sex, baseline kidney function, uric acid level, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
blockers). Overall, 16 patients treated with allopurinol experienced CV events compared with 23 in the
control group (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.88;P50.02; adjusted for age, sex, and baseline kidney function).
Limitations:Small sample size, single center, not double blind, post hoc follow-up and analysis.
Conclusions: Long-term treatment with allopurinol may slow the rate of progression of kidney disease and
reduce CV risk.
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma with Isolated Venous Involvement: Is Neoadjuvant Tr...JohnJulie1
Neoadjuvant Treatment (NAT) is indicated in locally advanced tumors and improves the results of subsequent surgery. In borderline tumors, the place of this preoperative treatment is more controversial, probably because borderline tumors are a heterogeneous group. We focused on the tumors with venous involvement without any arterial involvement and studied the results of neoadjuvant treatment in this particular group.
Similar to ROLE OF ECHOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC DIFFUSE LIVER DISEASES (19)
ON ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR ANALYSIS OF DISSOLUTION OF A MEDICINAL PRODUCT IN ...pbij
In this paper we introduce a model of dissolution of a medicinal product in a organism with account of
changing of conditions. The model gives a possibility to estimate spatio-temporal distribution of
concentration of a medicinal product during dissolution. We also consider an analytical approach to
analyze the above dissolution. We consider a possibility to accelerate and decelerate of the above
dissolution.
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ)pbij
Pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ) is a Quarterly peer-reviewed and refereed open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences.
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ)pbij
Pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ) is a Quarterly peerreviewed and refereed open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results
in all areas of the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences. The journal is devoted to the
publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of Pharmaceutical and
Biomedical sciences
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ)pbij
Pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ) is a Quarterly peer-reviewed and refereed open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences.
The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences advancements, and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews are invited for publication in all areas of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences.
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ)pbij
Pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ) is a Quarterly peer-reviewed and refereed open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences.
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ)pbij
Pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ) is a Quarterly peer-reviewed and refereed open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical sciences.
International Journal of Electronic Design and Test (JEDT)pbij
International Journal of Electronic Design and Test (JEDT) is a peer-reviewed, open access journal which invites original works describing the methods used to design and test electronic product hardware and supportive software. Authors from industry and academia are invited to submit their original unpublished research works on the topics listed below:
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS AND THEIR PRIMARY SO...pbij
Evaluation of morphological differences between primary tumors and their intracerebral metastases was performed in operational specimens from 41 patients with intracerebral metastases (carcinoma in 80,5±6,19 %, melanoma in 19,5±6,19 %) and primary tumors: skin melanoma (8 cases), lungs carcinoma (17 cases), breast carcinoma (16 cases). Standard basic micromorphological processing was performed.
The structure of intracerebral metastatic melanoma foci had similarities with primary foci, but with higher atypicity, vascularity, surrounding by "muffs" of tumor cells, hemorrhagic, inflammatory and necrotic foci. Tumor tissue of lungs-derived metastatic focus repeated the structure of primary tumor, in patches glandular formations go with solid layers of acinar structures in the center, stroma in these places is not prominent giving an evidence of de-differentiation. In primary breast tumors and their brain metastases morphology was almost identical. It was proved that brain metastatic tumor tissue is characterized by lower differentiation comparing with primary tumor.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
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A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
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Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...
ROLE OF ECHOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC DIFFUSE LIVER DISEASES
1. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ), Vol.1, No.1
9
ROLE OF ECHOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC
DIFFUSE LIVER DISEASES
Yuliya Ya. Fedulenkova
Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical
University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
ABSTRACT
In three-stage prospective cohort controlled research of 2876 persons with chronic diffuse liver diseases
(2076 cases of fatty liver disease, 509 cases of chronic hepatitis, 139 cases of liver cirrhosis) and 152
healthy controls the clinical significance of radiation methods of investigation in quantitative evaluation of
liver morphofunctional state in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases was estimated. Diagnosis-
prognostic algorithm for patients with this pathology was developed, validated and recommended for
practical application. Further perspectives are related to detailed chronic diffuse liver diseases
stratification by intensity of steatosis (in fatty liver disease), activity (in chronic hepatitis) and fibrosis (in
chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis).
KEYWORDS
Fatty Liver Disease, Chronic Hepatitis, Liver Cirrhosis, Ultrasound Diagnosis, Computed Tomography
1. INTRODUCTION
Chronic diffuse liver diseases cause not only significant medical problem, promoting portal
hypertension, hepatocellular failure, oncological diseases etc. [1], but also social and economical,
associated with loss of ability to work in active population; particularly, mortality due to liver
cirrhosis in European countries vary from 100 to 400 per 1 million of male population and from
40 to 150 per 1 million among females [2, 3, 4, 5].
In last decade is an impetuous development of chronic diffuse liver disease takes place.
Technical progress, improvement of hardware and software have made it possible to significantly
go forward in understanding of etiology and pathogenesis of hepatobiliary pathology, noticeably
improve treatment results. In many respects these changes became possible only due to
introduction and development of new highly-technological methods of radiation (visual)
diagnosis in general and ultrasonography – as well [6, 7].
Results of radiological diagnostic methods are widely used in order to build prognostic models
and calculate a prognosis in each certain clinical case about functional compensation of liver,
presence of indications for radical intervention etc. [8]. Both mathematical [9, 10, 11, 12] and
virtual [13], dimensional models based on morphological investigation of liver come in handy
and give an opportunity to more exactly and objectively evaluate changes which develop in vivo,
formulate an individual prognosis for a patient.
2. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ), Vol.1, No.1
10
Despite the availability of wide spectrum of other modern non-invasive and low-invasive
radiation methods of diagnosis for chronic diffuse liver diseases, ultrasonography does not lose
its topicality and is the leader of practical application in public health service. Undoubted
perspective is characteristic for methods which base not only on immediate primary results of
investigation, but on results of their further objectivization using mathematical modeling and
building of prognostic model of the pathological process. Reasonability of ultrasonography
application for diagnosis of chronic diffuse liver diseases is related to its following
characteristics: non-invasive [14], safe [15], easily done [16], relatively cheap and capable to
simultaneous evaluation of comorbid pathology [17], also in dynamics, reproductible and
precise, standardized [18], easily combined with other methods [19, 20], capable for further
improvement and including contrast-enhance.
While, some limitation of ultrasonography in diagnosis of chronic diffuse liver diseases takes
place in medical practice [21, 22]. This problem may be solved by improvement of
ultrasonography diagnosis approach with automation of image analysis [23], introduction of
index parameters etc.
Thus, despite general success of ultrasonography in diagnosis of chronic diffuse liver diseases,
till nowadays improving of this approach remains vital.
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS
Aim of research – optimization of diagnosis of chronic diffuse liver disease by development of
diagnosis-prognostic algorithm using USI and CT parameters.
On first phase an estimation of diagnostic capabilities (values) of ultrasonography in chronic
diffuse liver diseases was performed. It included investigation of 103 cases of chronic diffuse
liver disease: fatty liver disease (n=63), chronic hepatitis (n=12), liver cirrhosis (n=28), cases
with intact liver (control group, n=2). This phase was conducted on the base of Kharkiv Regional
Clinical Hospital – Center of Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine in 2012–2013
with the aim of evaluation of accordance of ultrasonographic data with results of liver autopsy
(both n=105).
Second phase was aimed on development of a diagnosis-prognostic algorithm of ultrasonography
application and profound instrumental-laboratory tests (apart of ultrasound – anamnestic and
physical data collection, complete blood count and biochemical blood tests) were performed.
Two hundred fifty three persons, including patients with fatty liver disease (n=142), chronic
hepatitis (n=43), liver cirrhosis (n=27), and 50 healthy people shared this phase of the research. It
has been conducted in clinical hospital of Grigoriev Institute of Medical Radiology of National
Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine in 2013–2014. All participants underwent detailed
repetitious instrumental and laboratory investigations. In this cohort male and female age
medians did not significantly differ.
Third phase was most large in the research as aimed on evaluation of ultrasonography
capabilities in prospective evaluation of chronic diffuse liver disease course by validization of
developed diagnosis-prognostic algorithm for pathologic process severity evaluation and course
prediction, and also building a mathematic model of pathologic process. In order to reach the
goal, 2206 persons were examined, including patients with fatty liver disease (n=1660), chronic
hepatitis (n=416), liver cirrhosis (n=45), control healthy individuals (n=85). This phase of the
research was performed on the base of LTD Medical Diagnostic Center «Expert-Kharkov» in
2013–2014. Age median was 56.1 (47.1; 64.1) years, 55.0 (44.3; 64.2) years in men, 56.4 (47.7;
64.1) years in women (difference is reliable by р=0,053).
3. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ), Vol.1, No.1
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Ultrasound investigation was performed with Xario SSA 660A system (Toshiba Medical
Systems, Japan). Pathomorphological investigation has been conducted according to standard
protocols with evaluation, where applicable, of liver steatosis [24] and liver fibrosis intensity
degree [25], level of activity (Knodell R. G., 1981). Nonparametric methods of statistical
analysis were applied [26]. Median (Mе) and interquartile interval with representing lower,
25 %, quartile (LQ) and upper, 75 % quartile (UQ) were calculated, result was expressed by
Me (LQ; UQ) way for shortness. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA & median test method, Mann-
Whitney U-criterion, Wilcoxon method, correlation by Spearman, Fisher angular transformation
were used where applicable. Comparative analysis in groups of separate diagnostic criteria
distribution using ANOVA and Wald sequential analysis (Wald A., 1947) in its interpretation for
medical diagnosis (Genkin A. A., 1962; Gubler E. V., 1978) by ranging of parameters by their
differential-diagnostic information capacity allowed to define diagnostic value, prognostic
significance and influence power of factors on parameters divergence in clinical groups and
prognostic coefficients. Only independent prognostic parameters were included in the algorithm.
In cases when correlation strengths between factors were more than |0,70|, one of factors was
excluded from list of parapeters. Ranking of parameters by influence strengths, evaluation of
prognostic and information capacity of parameters allowed choosing the most reliable
parameters. At the last phase, mathematic modeling using discriminant analysis and building of
artificial virtual neural networks with their further training was performed.
The research has been conducted according to requirements of European Convention (Strasburg,
1986), ІСН GСP (2008), GLР (2002) principles, local Ukrainian legislation.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In 1st phase the age median was 62 (46; 71) years without significant gender differences, while
gender comparisons in different nosologic groups showed the age difference (р=0.0001) – the
oldest in fatty liver disease group, 64.0 (60.0; 73.0) years; youngest in chronic hepatitis group,
41.6 (31.0; 52.5) years; intermediate in liver cirrhosis group, 52.0 (41.5; 65.5) years. Age
comparison in different nosologic groups in further phases showed above mentioned (in 1st
phase) differences in general and among women (both р<0.001).
Pathomorphological verification of ultrasonography results in evaluation of disease character in
patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases revealed 1.9 % probability of false-positive
ultrasound diagnosis of this pathology, diagnostic capacity of 14–97 % (with central value of
56 %).
Using results of profound clinical, instrumental and laboratory investigation including frequency
of separate ultrasonography parameters and prognostic value of each of criterion the screening
algorithm was elaborated in order to predicting of complication risk. It has table form, which
includes demographic-antropometric (age, gender, body mass index), sonographic (liver size,
characteristics of capsule, parenchyma, ascites, hepatic vein circulation, caudal to right lobe
transverse size, degree of steatosis, congestion index, modified hepatic index, hepatic vascular
index, index of arterial perfusion, portolienal venous index, pulsatory index of spleen artery,
platelets to spleen diameter ratio, right lobe width to albumins ratio) parameters, appropriate
prognostic coefficients and prognostic result evaluation scale. By each parameter its presence or
absence has to be evaluated, corresponding prognostic coefficients are to be summarized. By
achievement of threshold sum of coefficients a risk group was stated by using the scale: if equal
or less than -19.8, risk is minimal; if more than -19,8 and less than 19.8, risk is uncertain; if equal
or more than 19.8, risk is high.
4. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences: An International Journal (PBIJ), Vol.1, No.1
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For each of three diseases canonic discriminant functions were built. Predicted appliance to
groups of low, uncertain, high progression risk in fatty liver disease was 78.9 %, 69.3 %, 99.7 %
accordingly; in chronic hepatitis – 63.7 %, 61.1 %, 93.2 % accordingly; in liver cirrhosis –
93.1 %, 64.8 %, 99.7 %.
Neural networks (three-level perceptron with descending number of nodes) were built, trained
and sensitivity, specificity evaluated. After training the square below ROC-curve to each of risk
groups became increased > 80 %.
4. CONCLUSIONS
1. Prospective randomized three-phase populational (on 3rd phase) research has proved the
clinical significance of ultrasonography in evaluation of morphofunctional state of liver and
portohepatolienal bloodstream in chronic diffuse liver diseases (fatty liver, chronic hepatitis,
liver cirrhosis).
2. Diagnosis-prognostic algorithm which includes anthropodemographic, clinical and
ultrasonographic parameters has been elaborated, intending on forecast of risk of unfavourable
course of chronic diffuse liver diseases.
3. Predicting value of ultrasonography has been boosted by discriminant mathematic model
development, artificial virtual neural networks application.
4. Longitude multicenter study of proposed approach in diagnosis of chronic diffuse liver disease
using non-invasive ultrasonography and evaluation of treatment efficacy might be further
perspectives of the research.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author is thankful to administration of Kharkiv National Medical University; Kharkiv
Regional Clinical Hospital – Center of Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine;
Grigoriev Institute of Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine,
Medical Diagnostic Center «Expert-Kharkov», LTD for support in the research for this initiative
medical research of the Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine as well as individual
Ph. D. dissertation research of the author.
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Authors
Fedulenkova Yuliya Yanovna, radiologist, researcher & teacher of the
Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine of Kharkiv National
Medical University