The Treaty of Saint-Germain was signed in 1919 between Austria and the Allied powers after World War 1. It required Austria to lose territory to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Italy and Romania, reducing its population from 28 million to 8 million. Austria's army was limited to 30,000 soldiers and it had to pay reparations. The treaty also forbid the union between Austria and Germany and weakened Austria to prevent its resurgence, as Italy feared increased Austrian power in the region.

1. TREATY OF
SAINT-GERMAIN
IGCSE HISTORY
REVISION

2. DEFINITION
Treaty of Saint Germain Neuilly was signed in 1919 and it is a peace
agreement between Austria and the Allies after the First World War.

3. Question 1
List four main provisions of the treaty.

4. Answer 1
Austria lost territory to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Italy and Romania.
Austria’s population was reduced from a high of 28 million (1914) to 8
million. The army was reduced to 30,000 soldiers. Austria was made
responsible and forced to pay reparations.

5. Question 2
What were the other main terms?

6. Answer 2
Treaty was forbidding the union between Austria and Germany, the so
called Anschluss.

7. Question 3
Why did the Allies want Austria to be
kept permanently weak?

8. Answer 3
Italy feared a resurgence of Austrian power in the region.

9. Question 4
What else was significant about the
treaty?

10. Answer 4
The treaty formalised the break-up of the old Austro-Hungarian
Empire. Other destroyed empires were: the Turkish (Ottoman) and the
Tsarist (Russian) Empire.

11. Important
The harshness of this treaty contributed to the Austrian support for
Hitler after he came to power.