2. CPM added value
Major advantage of CPM
– Opportunity to balance resources
Examine floats, then alter start & finish
time to coincide with when resources are
available.
Activities with float can be adjusted/
delayed to smooth out or level resources.
4. Planning of Labour Resource
Time or duration-driven schedules:
• Mgt team determines duration, then make sure
sufficient resources
• Most common method (think duration)
Resource-driven schedules:
• Number of resources were determined, then
computer calculates the duration
• Rarely used (entering no. of resources) 4
5. Planning of Labour Resource
Resources planning, depending on the situation
and requirement of project:
• Resource Smoothing (Time-limited):
- Make resource usage without too many
peak period
• Resource Levelling (Resource-limited):
- Make resource available as much as
possible with existing limitation
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6. No. of Labour
Preferred
Time
Resources Organisation
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7. Trough
Peak
No. of Labour
Avoid
Time
Resources Aggregation
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8. • The ‘trough’ and ‘peak’ aggregation of labour
can Influence the morale or motivation of
construction workers.
This is due to the discontinuity or
employment of workers.
Besides morale and motivation, productivity
will also be effected.
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9. Steps taken in using smoothing techniques were
as follows:
• List all activities according to Earliest Start
- Total Float (ES-TF) and Latest Start -
Total Float (LS-TF)
• Draw resource aggregation graph (chart)
according to ES-TF and LS-TF
• Compare both graphs and try to develop a
preferred graph ie without ‘trough’
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10. Resources Levelling
The steps taken in using levelling technique
were as follows:
• List all activities according to priority Early
Start - Total Float (ES-TF). If there is 2 or
more activities of the same TF Then duration
of activity to be considered
• Draw the resource aggregation according to
the list of priority (ES-TF) and limit the
labour requirement
• Completion date of project will depend on the
availability of the resources.
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