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Problema 27-4
Dos partículas igualmente cargadas, separadas por una distancia de 3,20 𝑚𝑚, se liberan
del reposo. Se observa que la aceleración inicial de la primera partícula es de 7,22 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄
& que la segunda es de 9,16 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄ . La masa de la primera partícula es de 6,31 × 10−7
𝑘𝑔.
Determine (a) la masa de la segunda partícula & (b) la magnitud de la carga común.
Solución:
Datos:
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
= 8,99 × 109 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
Donde:
𝜖0 = 8,85 × 10−12 𝐶2
𝑁 ∙ 𝑚2
⁄
𝑚1 = 6,31 × 10−7
𝑘𝑔
𝑚2 =?
𝑎1 = 7,22 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄
𝑎2 = 9,16 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄
𝑟 = 3,20 𝑚𝑚 = 3,20 × 10−3
𝑚
a)
𝐹
⃗ = 𝑚 ∙ 𝑎
⃗
Como las partículas están en reposo
𝐹1
⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐹2
⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 0
∴
𝐹1
⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝐹2
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑚2 =
𝑚1 ∙𝑎1
⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑎2
⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑚2 =
(6,31×10−7
𝑘𝑔 )∙(7,22 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄ )
(9,16 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄ )
2
𝑚2 = 4,97 × 10−7
𝑘𝑔
b)
𝐹
⃗ = 𝑚 ∙ 𝑎
⃗
𝐹
⃗ =
1
4𝜋𝜖0
∙
𝑞1 ∙ 𝑞2
(𝑟)2
Igualando ambas fórmulas de fuerza
𝐹
⃗ =
1
4𝜋𝜖0
∙
𝑞1 ∙ 𝑞2
(𝑟12)2
= (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
Como las cargas son iguales
𝑞1 = 𝑞2 = 𝑞
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
∙
𝑞1∙𝑞2
(𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
∙
𝑞∙𝑞
(𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
∙
𝑞2
(𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
𝑞2
=
(𝑚1∙𝑎1
⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2
1
4𝜋𝜖0
𝑞 = √
(𝑚1∙𝑎1
⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2
1
4𝜋𝜖0
𝑞 = √
(6,31×10−7
𝑘𝑔∙7,22 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄ )∙(3,20×10−3
𝑚)2
8 ,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
𝑞 = √
(4,56×10 −6
𝑁)∙(3,20×10−3
𝑚)2
8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
𝑞 = √
4,67 ×10−11
𝑁∙𝑚2
8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
𝑞 = √ 5,19 × 10−21 𝐶2
∙(𝑁∙𝑚2 )
𝑁∙𝑚2
𝑞 = 7,21 × 10−11
𝐶
De igual forma pudo calcularse el valor de la carga común utilizando los valores de la
partícula 2
𝐹
⃗ =
1
4𝜋𝜖0
∙
𝑞1 ∙ 𝑞2
(𝑟12)2
= (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
Como las cargas son iguales
𝑞1 = 𝑞2 = 𝑞
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
∙
𝑞1∙𝑞2
(𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
∙
𝑞∙𝑞
(𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
1
4𝜋 𝜖0
∙
𝑞2
(𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)
𝑞2
=
(𝑚2∙𝑎2
⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2
1
4𝜋𝜖0
𝑞 = √
(𝑚2∙𝑎2
⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2
1
4𝜋𝜖0
𝑞 = √
(4,97×10−7
𝑘𝑔∙9,16 𝑚
𝑠2
⁄ )∙(3,20×10−3
𝑚)2
8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
𝑞 = √
(4,56×10 −6
𝑁)∙(3,20×10−3
𝑚)2
8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
𝑞 = √
4,67 ×10−11
𝑁∙𝑚2
8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2
𝐶2
⁄
𝑞 = √ 5,19 × 10−21 𝐶2
∙(𝑁∙𝑚2 )
𝑁∙𝑚2
𝑞 = 7,21 × 10−11
𝐶

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Resolucion de problema 27-4

  • 1. Problema 27-4 Dos partículas igualmente cargadas, separadas por una distancia de 3,20 𝑚𝑚, se liberan del reposo. Se observa que la aceleración inicial de la primera partícula es de 7,22 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ & que la segunda es de 9,16 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ . La masa de la primera partícula es de 6,31 × 10−7 𝑘𝑔. Determine (a) la masa de la segunda partícula & (b) la magnitud de la carga común. Solución: Datos: 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 = 8,99 × 109 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄ Donde: 𝜖0 = 8,85 × 10−12 𝐶2 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚2 ⁄ 𝑚1 = 6,31 × 10−7 𝑘𝑔 𝑚2 =? 𝑎1 = 7,22 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ 𝑎2 = 9,16 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ 𝑟 = 3,20 𝑚𝑚 = 3,20 × 10−3 𝑚 a) 𝐹 ⃗ = 𝑚 ∙ 𝑎 ⃗ Como las partículas están en reposo 𝐹1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐹2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 0 ∴ 𝐹1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝐹2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑚2 = 𝑚1 ∙𝑎1 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑎2 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑚2 = (6,31×10−7 𝑘𝑔 )∙(7,22 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ ) (9,16 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ ) 2 𝑚2 = 4,97 × 10−7 𝑘𝑔 b) 𝐹 ⃗ = 𝑚 ∙ 𝑎 ⃗ 𝐹 ⃗ = 1 4𝜋𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞1 ∙ 𝑞2 (𝑟)2 Igualando ambas fórmulas de fuerza 𝐹 ⃗ = 1 4𝜋𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞1 ∙ 𝑞2 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) Como las cargas son iguales 𝑞1 = 𝑞2 = 𝑞
  • 2. 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞1∙𝑞2 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞∙𝑞 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞2 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚1 ∙ 𝑎1 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) 𝑞2 = (𝑚1∙𝑎1 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2 1 4𝜋𝜖0 𝑞 = √ (𝑚1∙𝑎1 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2 1 4𝜋𝜖0 𝑞 = √ (6,31×10−7 𝑘𝑔∙7,22 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ )∙(3,20×10−3 𝑚)2 8 ,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄ 𝑞 = √ (4,56×10 −6 𝑁)∙(3,20×10−3 𝑚)2 8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄ 𝑞 = √ 4,67 ×10−11 𝑁∙𝑚2 8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄ 𝑞 = √ 5,19 × 10−21 𝐶2 ∙(𝑁∙𝑚2 ) 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝑞 = 7,21 × 10−11 𝐶 De igual forma pudo calcularse el valor de la carga común utilizando los valores de la partícula 2 𝐹 ⃗ = 1 4𝜋𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞1 ∙ 𝑞2 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) Como las cargas son iguales 𝑞1 = 𝑞2 = 𝑞 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞1∙𝑞2 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞∙𝑞 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) 1 4𝜋 𝜖0 ∙ 𝑞2 (𝑟12)2 = (𝑚2 ∙ 𝑎2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗) 𝑞2 = (𝑚2∙𝑎2 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2 1 4𝜋𝜖0 𝑞 = √ (𝑚2∙𝑎2 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗)∙(𝑟12)2 1 4𝜋𝜖0 𝑞 = √ (4,97×10−7 𝑘𝑔∙9,16 𝑚 𝑠2 ⁄ )∙(3,20×10−3 𝑚)2 8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄
  • 3. 𝑞 = √ (4,56×10 −6 𝑁)∙(3,20×10−3 𝑚)2 8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄ 𝑞 = √ 4,67 ×10−11 𝑁∙𝑚2 8,99×109 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝐶2 ⁄ 𝑞 = √ 5,19 × 10−21 𝐶2 ∙(𝑁∙𝑚2 ) 𝑁∙𝑚2 𝑞 = 7,21 × 10−11 𝐶