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PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE FORMACIΓ“N EN SISTEMA DE CALIDAD Y
AMBIENTE.
MatemΓ‘tica Aplicada.
Unidad I. parte II
Integrante:
Johelbys Campos C.I.: 24.156.988
Trayecto 3 Fase 2
Grupo-A
Febrero de 2021
Ejercicios propuestos 1.2:
Verifique si la ecuaciΓ³n diferencial es exacta, separable, homogΓ©nea o lineal.
πŸ’) (𝟏 + π’™πŸ
+ π’šπŸ
+ π’™πŸ
π’šπŸ)π’…π’š = π’šπŸ
𝒅𝒙
SoluciΓ³n:
Verificamos si la ecuaciΓ³n diferencial es de variable separable si se cumple que:
𝑓(𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑔(π‘₯)𝑑π‘₯ ; 𝐻(π‘₯, 𝑦)
𝑔(π‘₯)
𝑓(π‘₯)
(1 + π‘₯2
+ 𝑦2
+ π‘₯2
𝑦2)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦2
𝑑π‘₯ ; despejando queda:
𝑑𝑦
𝑦2
=
𝑑π‘₯
1 + π‘₯2 + 𝑦2 + π‘₯2𝑦2
Por lo tanto (1 + π‘₯2
+ 𝑦2
+ π‘₯2
𝑦2)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦2
𝑑π‘₯ es separable.
πŸ—) (𝒙 + 𝟏)
π’…π’š
𝒅𝒙
+ (𝒙 + 𝟐)π’š = πŸπ’™π’†βˆ’π’™
SoluciΓ³n:
Veamos si la ecuaciΓ³n diferencial (π‘₯ + 1)
𝑑𝑦
𝑑π‘₯
+ (π‘₯ + 2)𝑦 = 2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯
se puede expresar
en la forma estΓ‘ndar.
Dividimos entre (π‘₯ + 1) a ambos lados de la ecuaciΓ³n asΓ­ obtenemos:
𝑑𝑦
𝑑π‘₯
+
(π‘₯ + 2)𝑦
(π‘₯ + 1)
=
2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯
(π‘₯ + 1)
π‘’π‘›π‘‘π‘œπ‘›π‘π‘’π‘ 
𝑑𝑦
𝑑π‘₯
+ 𝑝(π‘₯)𝑦 = 𝑓(π‘₯)
Donde:
𝑝(π‘₯) =
(π‘₯+2)
(π‘₯+1)
𝑦 𝑓(π‘₯) =
2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯
(π‘₯+1)
Asi la ecuaciΓ³n (π‘₯ + 1)
𝑑𝑦
𝑑π‘₯
+ (π‘₯ + 2)𝑦 = 2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯
es lineal
πŸπŸ‘)
π’…π’š
𝒅𝒙
= βˆ’
(π’™πŸ‘
+ π’šπŸ‘
)
πŸ‘π’™π’šπŸ
SoluciΓ³n:
𝐸𝑛 π‘™π‘Ž π‘’π‘π‘’π‘Žπ‘π‘–π‘œπ‘› π‘‘π‘–π‘“π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘›π‘π‘–π‘Žπ‘™
𝑑𝑦
𝑑π‘₯
= βˆ’
(π‘₯3
+ 𝑦3
)
3π‘₯𝑦2
Donde 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯3
+ 𝑦3
π‘Œ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) = 3π‘₯𝑦2
Derivando 𝑀 con respecto a 𝑦 y a 𝑁 con respecto a π‘₯, se tiene que:
πœ•
πœ•π‘¦
𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯3
+ 𝑦3
= 3𝑦2
πœ•
πœ•π‘₯
𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) = 3π‘₯𝑦2
= 3𝑦2
π‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘œ
πœ•
πœ•π‘¦
𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) =
πœ•
πœ•π‘₯
𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦)
por lo tanto
𝑑𝑦
𝑑π‘₯
= βˆ’
(π‘₯3
+ 𝑦3)
3π‘₯𝑦2
𝒆𝒔 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒂
πŸ‘πŸŽ) (𝒙 + π’š)𝒅𝒙 + π’™π’…π’š = 𝟎
SoluciΓ³n:
Sabemos que 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦)𝑑π‘₯ + 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
Verifiquemos que 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯ + 𝑦 π‘Œ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯
Son homogΓ©neas del mismo grado.
𝑀(𝑑π‘₯, 𝑑𝑦) = (𝑑π‘₯) + (𝑑𝑦) ; 𝑁(𝑑π‘₯, 𝑑𝑦) = (𝑑π‘₯)
= 𝑑(π‘₯ + 𝑦) = 𝑑π‘₯
= 𝑑𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = 𝑑𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦)
π‘Ž1 = 1 π‘Ž2 = 1
Como π‘Ž1 = π‘Ž2 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) π‘Œ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) son homogΓ©neas del mismo grado.
Por lo tanto (π‘₯ + 𝑦)𝑑π‘₯ + π‘₯𝑑𝑦 = 0 es homogΓ©nea.

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Johelbys campos2

  • 1. PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE FORMACIΓ“N EN SISTEMA DE CALIDAD Y AMBIENTE. MatemΓ‘tica Aplicada. Unidad I. parte II Integrante: Johelbys Campos C.I.: 24.156.988 Trayecto 3 Fase 2 Grupo-A Febrero de 2021
  • 2. Ejercicios propuestos 1.2: Verifique si la ecuaciΓ³n diferencial es exacta, separable, homogΓ©nea o lineal. πŸ’) (𝟏 + π’™πŸ + π’šπŸ + π’™πŸ π’šπŸ)π’…π’š = π’šπŸ 𝒅𝒙 SoluciΓ³n: Verificamos si la ecuaciΓ³n diferencial es de variable separable si se cumple que: 𝑓(𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑔(π‘₯)𝑑π‘₯ ; 𝐻(π‘₯, 𝑦) 𝑔(π‘₯) 𝑓(π‘₯) (1 + π‘₯2 + 𝑦2 + π‘₯2 𝑦2)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦2 𝑑π‘₯ ; despejando queda: 𝑑𝑦 𝑦2 = 𝑑π‘₯ 1 + π‘₯2 + 𝑦2 + π‘₯2𝑦2 Por lo tanto (1 + π‘₯2 + 𝑦2 + π‘₯2 𝑦2)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦2 𝑑π‘₯ es separable. πŸ—) (𝒙 + 𝟏) π’…π’š 𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙 + 𝟐)π’š = πŸπ’™π’†βˆ’π’™ SoluciΓ³n: Veamos si la ecuaciΓ³n diferencial (π‘₯ + 1) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑π‘₯ + (π‘₯ + 2)𝑦 = 2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯ se puede expresar en la forma estΓ‘ndar. Dividimos entre (π‘₯ + 1) a ambos lados de la ecuaciΓ³n asΓ­ obtenemos: 𝑑𝑦 𝑑π‘₯ + (π‘₯ + 2)𝑦 (π‘₯ + 1) = 2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯ (π‘₯ + 1) π‘’π‘›π‘‘π‘œπ‘›π‘π‘’π‘  𝑑𝑦 𝑑π‘₯ + 𝑝(π‘₯)𝑦 = 𝑓(π‘₯) Donde: 𝑝(π‘₯) = (π‘₯+2) (π‘₯+1) 𝑦 𝑓(π‘₯) = 2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯ (π‘₯+1) Asi la ecuaciΓ³n (π‘₯ + 1) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑π‘₯ + (π‘₯ + 2)𝑦 = 2π‘₯π‘’βˆ’π‘₯ es lineal
  • 3. πŸπŸ‘) π’…π’š 𝒅𝒙 = βˆ’ (π’™πŸ‘ + π’šπŸ‘ ) πŸ‘π’™π’šπŸ SoluciΓ³n: 𝐸𝑛 π‘™π‘Ž π‘’π‘π‘’π‘Žπ‘π‘–π‘œπ‘› π‘‘π‘–π‘“π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘›π‘π‘–π‘Žπ‘™ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑π‘₯ = βˆ’ (π‘₯3 + 𝑦3 ) 3π‘₯𝑦2 Donde 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯3 + 𝑦3 π‘Œ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) = 3π‘₯𝑦2 Derivando 𝑀 con respecto a 𝑦 y a 𝑁 con respecto a π‘₯, se tiene que: πœ• πœ•π‘¦ 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯3 + 𝑦3 = 3𝑦2 πœ• πœ•π‘₯ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) = 3π‘₯𝑦2 = 3𝑦2 π‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘œ πœ• πœ•π‘¦ 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = πœ• πœ•π‘₯ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) por lo tanto 𝑑𝑦 𝑑π‘₯ = βˆ’ (π‘₯3 + 𝑦3) 3π‘₯𝑦2 𝒆𝒔 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒂 πŸ‘πŸŽ) (𝒙 + π’š)𝒅𝒙 + π’™π’…π’š = 𝟎 SoluciΓ³n: Sabemos que 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦)𝑑π‘₯ + 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 Verifiquemos que 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯ + 𝑦 π‘Œ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) = π‘₯ Son homogΓ©neas del mismo grado. 𝑀(𝑑π‘₯, 𝑑𝑦) = (𝑑π‘₯) + (𝑑𝑦) ; 𝑁(𝑑π‘₯, 𝑑𝑦) = (𝑑π‘₯) = 𝑑(π‘₯ + 𝑦) = 𝑑π‘₯ = 𝑑𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) = 𝑑𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) π‘Ž1 = 1 π‘Ž2 = 1 Como π‘Ž1 = π‘Ž2 𝑀(π‘₯, 𝑦) π‘Œ 𝑁(π‘₯, 𝑦) son homogΓ©neas del mismo grado. Por lo tanto (π‘₯ + 𝑦)𝑑π‘₯ + π‘₯𝑑𝑦 = 0 es homogΓ©nea.