This document provides an overview of how to write a research proposal in 11 sections: title page, introduction, statement of the problem, scope of the study, objectives, hypothesis/research questions, literature review, procedures, limitations, bibliography. It discusses what a proposal is, its importance, and key components of an effective introduction including background, main issue, and importance. It also covers writing an effective problem statement, objectives, research questions/hypotheses, and definitions.

1. How to write a
Research Proposal
Group # 7
Tayyaba Yasmin
Tahira Akbar
Syed Suliman
Presented
by:

2. How to write
a Research
Proposal

3. Why all this fuss
about a detailed
proposal for my
study before I even
begin?. Things are
going to change once
I get into the study!
That is true.
Changes are
inevitable. But a
little thought now
will save you a lot
of grief later on!
Research Proposal

4. 1. Title page & table of contents
2. Introduction
3. Statement of the problem
4. Scope of the study
5. Objectives of the study
6. Hypothesis or research questions
7. Literature Review
8. Procedure of the study
9. Limitation and delimitation of the study
11.Bibliography
Steps in Developing Research
Proposal

5. Agenda of Presentation
Introduction
1. Problems to be investigated
2. Scope of the Study
3. Objectives of the study
4. Research Questions or Hypothesis
5. Definitions

6. • A prerequisite
investigation
for Research
What is a Proposal?
• A plan of action

7. –It communicates
researcher’s
intentions,
makes clear the
purpose of intended
study, its
justification &
provides a step by
step plan for
the
conducting
study.
What is a Proposal?

8. • A written Plan of a Study
---The Research Proposal identifies
problems, states questions or
hypotheses, identifies variables and
define terms.
---The subjects to be included in the
sample, the instrument to be used, the
research design chosen, the
procedures to be followed, how the data
will be analyzed----all are spelled out in
some detail.
What is a Proposal?

9. Introduction should provide the
background of the research study.
• Introduction may include
subsections.
• Introduction should be clear.
a few
Introduction of the Research Proposal

10. • Research proposal should include four
basic components in its introduction.
(A) Meaningful presentation of the study.
(B) Background of the study.
(C)Statement of the main issue of the
study.
(D) Importance of the study.
Introduction of the Research Proposal

11. • The purpose states succinctly what the
researcher proposes to investigate.
• The purpose should be a concise
statement, providing a framework to
which details are added later.
Purpose of the Study

12. J
ustification for the Study
⚫Key questions to ask yourself at This point:
⚫Have I identified the specific research problem I
wish to investigate?
⚫Have I indicated what I intend to do about this
problem?
⚫Have I put forth an argument as to why this
problem is worthy of investigation?
⚫Have I made my assumption explicit?

13. Problem to be Investigated

14. Statement of
The problem
Significance
Of the study
Research
questions
or Hypothesis
Definition of
Terms
Problem to be Investigated

15. • “A problem might be defined as the issue
that exists in the literature, theory, or
practice that leads to a need for the study”
(Creswell, 1994, p. 50).
• Effective problem statements answer the
question “Why does this research need to
be conducted.”
Statement of the
Problem

16. • Normally a research statement should
satisfy the following criteria:
(i)state the key variables included in the
study,
(ii) state relationship between variables,
(iii)state population to which results would
be applicable,
(iv) avoid redundant words, and
(v) use only acceptable scientific terms.
Statement of the Problem

17. Scope of the Study
Significance of the study contains three
paragraphs based on three questions:
• Why the study is important?
• How the study is important?
• For whom the study is important?

18. Scope of the Study
Significance of the study contains three
paragraphs based on three questions:
• Why the study is important?
• How the study is important?
• For whom the study is important?

19. Objectives of the Study
• Objectives should be clearly stated and
specific in nature.
• Each sub objective should delineate only one
issue.
• Action oriented words such as, “to
determine”, “to find out”, “to ascertain” in
formulating sub objectives, which should be
numerically stated.
• Objectives should be attainable, measurable,
achievable and testable.

20. Research Questions or
Hypotheses
• Questions are relevant to normative or
census type of research.
• Questions are most often used in qualitative
inquiry.
• Hypotheses are relevant to theoretical
research and are typically used in
quantitative inquiry.

21. • All key terms should be defined.
• In a hypothesis testing study, these are
primarily the terms that describe the
variables of the study.
• The researcher’s task is to make his/her
definitions as clear as possible.
Definitions

22. • How To Design And Evaluate Research IN
Education,2006,The McGraw Hill
Companies. New York.
• Research Methodology, Sage publications
• Educational Research, Allama Iqbal open
University
• WWW.des.emory.ed/.mpf/proposal.html
References

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