The document discusses research performance measurement (RPM) and metrics used to evaluate researchers and research output. RPM is used to identify research trends, evaluate researchers for tenure and promotion, support funding and grant applications, track institutional research performance, and inform policy decisions. Key metrics discussed include the h-index, which measures both research productivity and citation impact, and the impact factor, which indicates the average number of citations to articles published in a journal. The document provides details on calculating the h-index and where to find impact factors listed in the Journal Citation Reports.

1. Research
performance
Measurement
Miss Elham Abied
Public services Supervisor

2. RPM Definition
It Concerned with measuring the performance of:
1. A researcher
2. A collection of selected articles (specialized in one
subject)
3. A journal or an institute.

3. RPM Uses
• Identifying Research Trends: Researchers need to be able to
identify trends through citation analysis.
• Tenure and Promotion: Administrators and heads of faculty need
to evaluate a researcher’s performance.
• Funding and Grant Applications: Authors need documentation to
demonstrate their performance.
• Research Tracking and Benchmarking: Institutions need to be
able to track the performance of their faculty and benchmark the
research output of their institution against other institutions.
• Policy Setting: Policy makers need RPM data to ensure that the
decisions they make are informed and based on unbiased, credible
research.
• Peer-Review Process: Editors need RPM data to aid in the selection
of editorial board members and reviewers.

4. H Index
It’s an index that attempts to measure both
the productivity and impact of the published
work of a scientist or scholar.
It is based on the set of the scientist's most
cited papers and the number of citations that
they have received in other people's
publications.

5. H Index (Cont.)
It can also be applied to the productivity
and impact of a group of scientists such as:
»Department
»University
»Country
»Subject

6. H Index (Cont.)
A scholar with an index of H has published
# papers each of which has been cited by
others at least # times.
Thus, the h-index reflects both the number
of publications and the number of citations per
publication.

7. The meaning of the h-index can be explained
as follows:
1. 1 scientist has 15 publications
2. 10 of them cited at least 10 times or more not
less by others.
So, h-index of the scientist is 10, indicating
that the other 5 publications may have less
than 10 citations.
H Index : How to calculate

8. Sources where from you can collect your works
and it’s citation are (Web of Science, Google
Scholar and Scopus)
1. Find the citations of each of your publication periodically
from different sources (Web of Science, Google Scholar and
Scopus). Available only if you subscribed to
2. Rank them according to the number of citations received.
3. Pick up the top 'h' publications with a minimum of 'h'
citations.
This will give you the h-index of your scientific output.
H Index : How to calculate

9. H Index : E-Tools to calculate it
1. Quadsearch: available at:
http://quadsearch.csd.auth.gr/index.php?s=2&lan=1
For example: see the following screen shoots:

14. H Index : E-Tools to calculate it
2. Publish or Perish: Publish or Perish is a software program
that retrieves and analyzes academic citations. It uses
Google scholar to obtain the raw citations, then analyzes
these and presents the following statistics:
Total number of papers
Total number of citations
Average number of citations per paper
Average number of citations per author
Average number of papers per author
Average number of citations per year
Hirsch's h-index and related parameters
Egghe's g-index
Available to download at: http://www.harzing.com/pop.htm

16. 3. Scopus Citation Tracker:
a tool to collect a scientist works and create the H-index for him or for his
publication within time period or a specific subject field.
Note: Available only if you subscribed to individually or through your organization.
A help documents explaining how to use is available at:
http://help.scopus.com/robo/projects/schelp/
H Index : E-Tools to calculate it

17. 1. The value of h will vary between subjects which should be taken
into account when comparing authors.
2. To have a reasonably good h-index it is not sufficient to have a
few publications with hundreds of citations.
The use of h-index aims at identifying researchers with more
papers and relevant impact over a period of time.
3. The h-index does not take into account the physical age of the
authors being evaluated.
So it grows as citations accumulate and thus it depends on
the 'academic age' of a researcher.
About the H-Index

18. About the H-Index
4. A scientist with a high h-index may have stopped
publishing some time ago whereas a currently active
researcher with a low h-index has the potential to be
highly cited at some point in the future.
This means that when, for example, two scientists
are being evaluated for grant allocation, it is possible
that a seasoned scientist might be favored over the
new ‘hot’ talent in the field as a result of time.

19. Impact Factor
The impact factor (IF) is a measure
reflecting the average number of citations to
articles published in journals.
It is frequently used as an indicator for:
– Determine the relative importance of a journal
within its field.
– Compare them to each other in the same field.

20. Calculating Impact Factors
E.g., the 2009 Impact factor for a journal =
Number of citations in the current year (2009) for
a journal
–––––––––-––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Number items published in the journal for the last 2
years (2007 & 2008)

21. Other Related indices
• Immediacy index:
Rapid rate of citation process for articles published in a specific journal
in the current year
number of citations the articles in a journal receive in a given year
number of articles published
• cited half-life:
the median age of the articles that were cited in Journal Citation Reports each year
(The number of years that the total citations takes to decline to 50% of its value)
• the aggregate impact factor for a subject category:
Number of citations in the current year for all journals in a specific subject
Number items published in the journal for the last 2 years
Note: Comparisons of impact factors should only be made for journals in
the same subject area.

22. The value of the impact factor is affected
by:
• Sociological factors include the :
1. Subjectivity:
• fundamental and pure subject areas have higher average
impact factor than specialized or applied ones.
• Multiple Authorship (Average number of authors per paper)
varies according to subject area (social or life science)
Affecting Factors

23. Affecting Factors
2. The type of journal
• review articles can raise the impact factor of the journal
rather than research reports or papers.
• Internal cross referral or self-citation can have an effect on
the impact factor of a journal. So its urgent to know the real
one by excluding self-cites from the total cites.
• Rapid publication time

24. Where we can find
Impact factors are listed in Journal Citation
Reports JCR)
You can easily get to the JCR from the Web of sciense
If you want to see the IF for many journals go to:
http://www.sciencegateway.org/rank/index.html

25. Thanks,
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