This document outlines seven research methods used in anthropological research: surveys, participant observation, case studies, secondary analysis, experiments, analysis of documents, and unobtrusive measures. It describes the steps of participant observation which include mind mapping, diagrams, note taking, evaluation, and summarization. Key tools for cultural anthropologists in participant observation are finding informants, interviews, counting, photography, mapping, and learning about cultures. The document also discusses defining problems, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, choosing research methods, collecting and analyzing data, and sharing results in presentations and citations.

1. • Research Methods in Anthropology:
What to Research:
Research Model:
I) Identifying a problem & Selecting a
topic:
II) Defining the problem:
III) Reviewing the literature:
IV) Formulating the Hypothesis:
Hypothesis:
Statement to be tested.

2. V) Choosing the research method(design):
VI) Collecting the data:
Data: Facts/figures in processed form.
Types:
Primary & Secondary
Qualities:
Validity & Reliability
VII) Analyzing the data
VIII) Sharing data(results)
(Presentation and Citation Method in APA style)

3. Research Methods(Design):
Seven Methods or designs:
I) Surveys:
a) Questionnaires:
Types of Questions:
i) Neutral
ii) Unbiased
iii) Open ended
iv) Close ended
b) Interviews:
i) Direct
ii) Indirect

4. Sampling Method:
Selecting a sample:
Universe
Population
Sample
Respondent
Types of Sample:
i)Random Sample
ii) Stratified random sample

5. II) Participant Observation(Fieldwork)
in Anthropology:
1) Ethnographic Methods:
a) Ethnographic fieldwork
b) Ethnohistory
Fieldwork as a Rite of Passage:
(Participation of fieldwork in daily routine of ethnic group
and not to interfere in their way of life)
Problems and issues in Research
Ethics in field research
2) Comparative Methods:
a) Cross-Cultural Comparisons
b) Controlled Comparisons

7. II) Participant Observation(Fieldwork):
Steps:
a) Mind mapping:
b) Diagrams and flow charts:
c) Taking notes
d) Evaluating information:
e) Summarizing information:
Research tools of Cultural Anthropologists:
a) Finding informant
b) Interview
c) Counting articles, people, etc
d) Photography
e) Mapping
f) Learning cultures

8. III) Case Study:
IV) Secondary analysis:
V) Experiment: (Bobo doll)
VI) Analysis of Documents:
VII) Unobtrusive Measures: