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Research methods and materials in English
This document provides an overview of various research methods that can be used in English literature and language research. It discusses approaches such as thematic analysis, comparative studies, translation studies, linguistic theories, discourse analysis, archival research, biography, visual methodologies, digital humanities, quantitative analysis, bibliography and textual criticism, narratology, ethnographic methods, creative writing, interviewing, and interdisciplinary approaches. It also outlines specific tools and resources that can be used, including online databases, library catalogs, primary sources, and evaluating information found on the internet or in digital archives.
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Research methods and materials in English
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- 2. •“A research startswith an empty notebook” - Paul Watson
- 3. English??? •Research in EnglishLiterature •Vs. •Research in English Language
- 4. Research in EnglishLiterature • Application of Theory/Idea/Philosophy • Thematic Analysis (Survival, Violence, Etc. ) • Comparative Study • Translation Studies • Stylistic Appreciation/Criticism
- 5. Research in (English)Language • ELT Methods (Innovation, Criticize, Etc. ) • Linguistic Oriented Language Theories: Problems, Application, Etc. • Comparative, Historical Linguistics • Culture and Language
- 6. Application of Theories/Thematic Analysis • Gender roles/ Gender Victimization • Colonial/Cultural/Class/Age effect on Writer • Historical background/ Biographical • “Deconstruction” – Postmodern Characteristics •Particular Aspect of Writer
- 7. Comparative Literature • Worldliterature/ Archetypal Criticism • Parallelism • Intertextuality • Similarity • Contrastive Criticism (Dissimilarity) • Influence/Confluence/Reception/Imitation • Thematology / Genre / Translation
- 8. Translation Studies • Problemsof Translation • Influence of Culture in Translation • Language Inadequacy • Translation Methods • Coding Decoding, Untranslatability •
- 9. Research Methods vs.Research Methodology • Theoretical and systematic analysis of the strategies employed • methods are approaches you intend to use to collect data • Skills – handling material • Methods – how you carry your research , it determines the kind of research. • Methodology – perspective, feminist, • Materials -
- 10. Textual Analysis asa Research Method • Catherine Belsey • Interpretation • What says? Who says? To whom it says? How? What kinda effect? • Tatquin and Lucretia (1571) • Literally vs in-depth • Sparing use of secondary source, it may hinder your imagination • Minute details of cultural artefacts •
- 12. Discourse Analysis asA Research Method
- 13. Archival Method • CarolyneSteedman
- 14. Biography as ResearchMethod • (a) Study of the available literary texts and relevant criticism of the author, and autobiography and biography/biographies if available. • (b) Collection of material published and unpublished in the form of letters, journals, memoirs, official records and semi-official reports. • (c) Study and critical analysis of the collected material. This stage is very important and here the biographer must be a thorough going sceptic. - Sinha, M.P.. Research Methods in English . Kindle Edition.
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- 17. Numbers and Words:Quantitative
- 18. Bibliography and TextualCriticism •Editing •Manuscript Vs. Holograph •Collation: Comparision •Authenticity of the manuscript
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- 21. Narratology / technique •The researcher can do research on an author’s art of characterization, plot construction, style, use of symbols and imagery, narrative technique, irony and poetic diction. But he or she should know that research on these is not an easy task. It may be that a particular character is a mythical or historical or literary figure. • Sinha, M.P.. Research Methods in English . Kindle Edition.
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- 26. Materials • Articles • Journals •Libraries • https://sci-hub.tw
- 27. Literary research andinterdisciplinary
- 28. Tools and techniquesfor literary research • Using online and printed sources • online sources - institution’s authenticated gateway -your user ID and password to log on to your university account. • University library will usually have an institutional subscription to a variety of online resources
- 29. • Scholarly journals,books (both primary sources and criticism) and reference works are now available online. • identify what is available online • identify your nearest major research library
- 30. Using Google forAcademic Research • Delimit search fields and maximise the retrieval of relevant information (Boolean) • Use quotes – “Smoking causes Cancer” • Use a hyphen to exclude words – Cars - Audi • Use a colon to search specific sites - Chaucer: Sparknotes • Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com) • Google Book Search (http://books.google.com)
- 31. • Wikipedia andevaluating data • Participating in scholarly communities • biographical dictionaries online. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (www.oxforddnb.com) • American National Biography • Encyclopaedia Britannica (www.britannica.com) •
- 32. Using Online Database •Indexes and abstracts • e Modern Language Association International Bibliography , http://firstsearch.oclc.org • Annual Bibliography of English Language and Literature http://lion.chadwyck.co.uk • Routledge Annotated Bibliography of English Studies (ABES, http://abe.informaworld.com) • British Humanities Index (BHI, available through www-md4.csa. • com).
- 33. •Research Gate •Shodhganga (ThesisReservoir)
- 34. Library catalogues • COPAC(http://copac.ac.uk) is the best British cumulative catalogue • WorldCat – bibliographic details/ Workcited
- 35. USING DARKWEB ANDDEEP WEB
- 36. Full-text journal articles •JSTOR (www.jstor.org). • Project Muse (http://muse.jhu.edu) • The Journal of Commonwealth Literature • Language and Literature – SAGE Pub • DOI - Digital Object Identifier
- 37. Primary sources andeBooks • Bartleby (http://bartleby.com) • Project Gutenberg (www.gutenberg.org/catalog) • Literature Online (LION; http://lion.chadwyck.co.uk) • British National Archives’ Documents Online site (www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline
- 38. INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO LITERARYTEXTS • Literature and Cultural Studies • Literature and Other Media • Literature and Film, Literature and Graphic Narratives, Music • Linda Hutcheon’s A Theory of Adaptation (2006)
- 39. TERMS • Ibid • ISBNInternational Standard Book Number
- 40. MATERIALS IN ENGLISHRESEARCH • Primary Text • Secondary Text • Manuscripts • Tools – Note Pad, Recorder, Camera, Etc.
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