In systems engineering and software engineering, requirements analysis encompasses those tasks that go into determining the needs or conditions to meet for a new or altered product or project, taking account of the possibly conflicting requirements of the various stakeholders, analyzing, documenting, validating and managing software or system requirements.
Requirement prioritization is used in Software product management for determining which candidate requirements of a software product should be included in a certain release. Requirements are also prioritized to minimize risk during development so that the most important or high risk requirements are implemented first. Several methods for assessing a prioritization of software requirements exist.
Requirement prioritization is used in Software product management for determining which candidate requirements of a software product should be included in a certain release. Requirements are also prioritized to minimize risk during development so that the most important or high risk requirements are implemented first. Several methods for assessing a prioritization of software requirements exist.
This lecture provide a review of requirement engineering process. The slides have been prepared after reading Ian Summerville and Roger Pressman work. This lecture is helpful to understand user, and user requirements.
In software engineering, software configuration management (SCM or S/W CM) is the task of tracking and controlling changes in the software, part of the larger cross-disciplinary field of configuration management. SCM practices include revision control and the establishment of baselines.
This Presentation explains the SCM Process.
This ppt covers the following topics
Software quality
A framework for product metrics
A product metrics taxonomy
Metrics for the analysis model
Metrics for the design model
Metrics for maintenance
Software life cycle model: The descriptive and diagrammatic representation of the software life cycle
It represent all the activities performed on software product from the inception to retirement
It also depicts the order in which these activities are to be undertaken
More than one activity can be carried out in a single phase
The primary advantage of adhering to a life cycle model is that it encourages development of software in a systematic and disciplined manner
When a program is developed by a single programmer ,he has the freedom to decide the exact steps through which he will develop the program
Iterative Linear Sequential Model
This ppt covers the following
A strategic approach to testing
Test strategies for conventional software
Test strategies for object-oriented software
Validation testing
System testing
The art of debugging
The objective is to explain how a software design may be represented as a set of interacting objects that manage their own state and operations and to introduce various models that describe an object-oriented design.
This lecture provide a review of requirement engineering process. The slides have been prepared after reading Ian Summerville and Roger Pressman work. This lecture is helpful to understand user, and user requirements.
In software engineering, software configuration management (SCM or S/W CM) is the task of tracking and controlling changes in the software, part of the larger cross-disciplinary field of configuration management. SCM practices include revision control and the establishment of baselines.
This Presentation explains the SCM Process.
This ppt covers the following topics
Software quality
A framework for product metrics
A product metrics taxonomy
Metrics for the analysis model
Metrics for the design model
Metrics for maintenance
Software life cycle model: The descriptive and diagrammatic representation of the software life cycle
It represent all the activities performed on software product from the inception to retirement
It also depicts the order in which these activities are to be undertaken
More than one activity can be carried out in a single phase
The primary advantage of adhering to a life cycle model is that it encourages development of software in a systematic and disciplined manner
When a program is developed by a single programmer ,he has the freedom to decide the exact steps through which he will develop the program
Iterative Linear Sequential Model
This ppt covers the following
A strategic approach to testing
Test strategies for conventional software
Test strategies for object-oriented software
Validation testing
System testing
The art of debugging
The objective is to explain how a software design may be represented as a set of interacting objects that manage their own state and operations and to introduce various models that describe an object-oriented design.
Microsoft Dynamics AX Implementation Stabilization Case Studiesmeritweb
Learn about the risks, challenges, and best practices for implementing Microsoft Dynamics AX in enterprise manufacturing and supply chain environments. Hear about a couple of our Microsoft Dynamics AX implementation stabilization case studies.
Different approaches for different scopes: How to tackle a medium-sized Dr...Symetris
Symetris conference given at DrupalCamp Ottawa 2016 outlining the important things to note when tackling a medium-sized project. Some projects aren't large enough to be considered big/complex, but aren't small enough to be considered easy/simple!
Agile management, or agile process management, or simply agile refers to an iterative, incremental method of managing the design and build activities of engineering, information technology and other business areas that aim to provide new product or service development in a highly flexible and interactive manner; an example is its application in Scrum, an original form of agile software development.
In this Business Analysis Training session you will learn, SDLC. Topics covered in this session are:
SDLC
• Waterfall-Sequential
• Prototyping
• Spiral-Evolutionary
• Rational Unified Process (RUP)-Iterative
To learn more about this course, visit this link: https://www.mindsmapped.com/courses/business-analysis/foundation-level-business-analyst-training/
Eliminate Bottlenecks in Software Development & DeliveryMicro Focus
Great approach demonstrated via slides from a recent @archie_borland @MarkKulak webinar for Borland Software.
Key take-aways:
- Agile is filled with benefits, but has some unintended consequences which “bottleneck” delivery
- The market trend has this getting worse – backed by analysts & customers
- Take practical steps now to overcome with a few key process improvements to eliminate
The frantic pace of change, driven by mobile, cloud and the rise of the consumer, is introducing new levels of complexity to the software industry and forces organizations into more fragmented ways of working. Today's development managers are subjected to constant change that they cannot control, yet must manage, and are responsible for delivering the applications their customers need at an unprecedented scale and pace. To stay relevant and meet customer demand in the face of constant change requires a truly optimized approach.
Software Development Methodologies Pros, Cons, & Use Cases.pdfPolyxer Systems
Read this Blog to Find the perfect software development methodology for your project success. Explore pros, cons, & usage scenarios to make informed decisions.
Similar to Requirements engineering for agile methods (20)
An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages the resources of a computer system and provides a platform for running applications. Its primary functions include resource management, process management, memory management, file system management, and user interface. There are many different types of operating systems, such as desktop operating systems like Windows and macOS, server operating systems like Linux and Windows Server, and embedded operating systems like those used in mobile phones and other small devices. The choice of operating system depends on the type of device, the intended use, and other factors.
What is a Database?
Database creation steps
Benefits of using Database
Types of Table Relationships
What is a Database model
Database Management System
Users of Database
MS Access
Program, Language, & Programming Language
Object Oriented Programming vs Procedure Oriented Programming
About C
Why still Learn C?
Basic Terms
C Stuff
C Syntax
C Program
Algorithm
What is an algorithm?
How are mathematical statements and algorithms related?
What do algorithms have to do with computers?
Pseudo Code
What is pseudocode?
Writing pseudocode
Pseudo Code vs Algorithm
Components of Data Communication
Characteristics of Data Transmission
Communication Media
Communication Speed
Communication Hardware
Communication Software
OSI Model
Introduction
Syed Zaid Irshad
Rules (that You have to Follow)
Book Introduction
10 Chapters
Theoretical Chapters are 6
Practical Chapters are 4
Chapter 1: Basic Concept of Information Technology
Introduction of Computer
Definition
Characteristics
Parts of Computer
Input
Output
Memory
Primary Storage
Secondary Storage
Ports
Language Translator
Compiler
Interpreter
Generations of Programming Language
Ages of Computers
Generations of Computer
Classification of Computers
Chapter 2: Information Networks
Types of Network
LAN
WAN
MAN
GAN
Topologies
Star
Ring
Bus
Hybrid
File Transfer Protocol
World Wide Web
Chapter 3: Data Communication
Standards
Transmission
Simples
Half Duplex
Full Duplex
Media
Twisted Pair Cable
Coaxial Cable
Fiber Optic Cable
Microwave Transmission
Satellite Transmission
Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model)
Chapter 4: Applications and Use of Computers
Difference Between Application and Use
Impacts of Computers
Chapter 5: Computer Architecture
Address of Memory Locations
Instruction Format
Fetch and Execute
Chapter 6: Security, Copyright and The Law
Computer Crime
Computer Viruses
Computer Privacy
Software Piracy and Law
Chapter 7: Operating System
User Interface
Graphical User Interface
Operating Systems
Chapter 8: Word Processing
Introduction to MS Word
Creating
Editing
Formatting
Printing
Chapter 9: Spreadsheet
Introduction to MS Excel
Creating
Editing
Formatting
Printing
Formulae
Project
Chapter 10: Internet Browsing and Using E-mail
Create Email ID
Send Mail
Download File
Upload File
Study Plan
Every Tuesday we perform Practical
Every Friday Half of the Lecture will be used as question answer session
Rest of the days are for Theoretical Stuff
Make WhatsApp Group for class where we can share stuff related to the Subject
1st Year Computer Science Book
Sindh Text Book Board Introduction
Introduction
Syed Zaid Irshad
Rules (that You have to Follow)
Book Introduction
10 Chapters
Theoretical Chapters are 6
Practical Chapters are 4
Chapter 1: Basic Concept of Information Technology
Introduction of Computer
Definition
Characteristics
Parts of Computer
Input
Output
Memory
Primary Storage
Secondary Storage
Ports
Language Translator
Compiler
Interpreter
Generations of Programming Language
Ages of Computers
Generations of Computer
Classification of Computers
Chapter 2: Information Networks
Types of Network
LAN
WAN
MAN
GAN
Topologies
Star
Ring
Bus
Hybrid
File Transfer Protocol
World Wide Web
Chapter 3: Data Communication
Standards
Transmission
Simples
Half Duplex
Full Duplex
Media
Twisted Pair Cable
Coaxial Cable
Fiber Optic Cable
Microwave Transmission
Satellite Transmission
Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model)
Chapter 4: Applications and Use of Computers
Difference Between Application and Use
Impacts of Computers
Chapter 5: Computer Architecture
Address of Memory Locations
Instruction Format
Fetch and Execute
Chapter 6: Security, Copyright and The Law
Computer Crime
Computer Viruses
Computer Privacy
Software Piracy and Law
Chapter 7: Operating System
User Interface
Graphical User Interface
Operating Systems
Chapter 8: Word Processing
Introduction to MS Word
Creating
Editing
Formatting
Printing
Chapter 9: Spreadsheet
Introduction to MS Excel
Creating
Editing
Formatting
Printing
Formulae
Project
Chapter 10: Internet Browsing and Using E-mail
Create Email ID
Send Mail
Download File
Upload File
Study Plan
Every Tuesday we perform Practical
Every Friday Half of the Lecture will be used as question answer session
Rest of the days are for Theoretical Stuff
Make WhatsApp Group for class where we can share stuff related to the Subject
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a revolutionary concept that connects everyday objects and devices to the internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data. Imagine a world where your refrigerator notifies you when you’re running low on groceries, or streetlights adjust their brightness based on traffic patterns – that’s the power of IoT. In essence, IoT transforms ordinary objects into smart, interconnected devices, creating a network of endless possibilities.
Here is a blog on the role of electrical and electronics engineers in IOT. Let's dig in!!!!
For more such content visit: https://nttftrg.com/
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
2. 2
Introduction
• Agile methods are a family of software development processes
• Their aim is to deliver products faster, with high quality, and satisfy
customer needs through the application of the principles of lean
production to software development
3. 3
Introduction
• Agile methods have become popular during the last few
years
• Lean production has been conceived during the ’50s in
Toyota. It involves several practices that are now part of
most manufacturing processes, such as just-in-time
development, total quality management, and continuous
process improvement
4. 4
Introduction
• The principle of lean production is the constant identification and
removal of waste, that is, anything that does not add value for the
customer to the final product
5. 5
Introduction
• Agile methods focus on
• Delivering value for the customer
• Ensuring that the customer understand such value and be satisfied by the
project
6. 6
Introduction
• Agile methods pose a lot of emphasis in producing and delivering to
the customer only those features that are useful
• Producing anything that is not required is considered a mistake
7. 7
Introduction
• Adding a feature that is not needed not only consumes effort without
adding customer value but also creates extra code, which may contain
errors and make code longer and more complex to maintain, to
correct and improve
8. 8
Introduction
• The waste includes general architectures that are used only partially
or reusable components with functionalities that are likely to be
never used
9. 9
Introduction
• To achieve such elimination of waste, agile methods claim to be
• Adaptive rather than predictive
• People-oriented rather than process-oriented
10. 10
Introduction
• A close collaboration between the development team and the
customer is a must, so that
• Requirements are fully identified and correctly understood
• Final products reflects what the customer needs, no more no less
11. 11
Agile Methods
• eXtreme Programming
• Scrum
• Dynamic Systems Development Method
• Adaptive Software Development
• The Crystal Family
12. 12
Agile Manifesto
• Individuals and Interactions over Process and Tools
• Customer Collaboration over Contracts
• Working Software over Documentation
• Responding to Change over Planning
13. 13
Common Practices and Behaviors
• Adaptability
• Incremental Development
• Frequent Releases
• Requirements Prioritization before every iteration
• High Customer Involvement
14. 14
RE in Agile Methods
• In agile methods, the whole development team is involved in
requirements elicitation and management, while in traditional
approaches often only a subset of the development team is involved
15. 15
RE in Agile Methods
• This approach is feasible only if the size of the problem is limited, as
only a small development team can interact directly with the
customer
• If the problem is bigger, the team can use other techniques for
eliciting and managing requirements
16. 16
RE in Agile Methods
• The understanding of requirements variability has a strong impact on
the ability of agile methods to be “lean’
17. 17
Focus of Agile Methods in RE
• The Customer
• Waste in Requirements
• Requirements Evolution
• Non-functional Requirements
18. 18
Customer in RE of Agile Methods
• Customers/stakeholders assume a paramount role in
requirements engineering in agile methods
• The interaction between the development team and
stakeholders is complex due to the different perceptions of
the problem that the stakeholders have
19. 19
Customer in RE of Agile Methods
• In agile methods, the problem of multiple stakeholders is
solved reducing their number to one, who represent all
stakeholders in the project
• The customer should be a domain expert and able to make
important decisions such as accepting the product, prioritize
requirements, etc.
20. 20
Customer-on-Site Requirements
• Availability
• The customer has to be always available to answer questions coming from the
development team. Any delay in the answer delays the development of the
product
21. 21
Customer-on-Site Requirements
• Complete knowledge
• The customer is the representative for all the stakeholders. Therefore, he is
able to answer all questions, since he is the domain expert and knows how
the application should work and input/output data required. Again, this is
possible if the size of the project is limited
22. 22
Customer-on-Site Requirements
• Decision power
• The customer is able to make final decisions and commitments. Changes in
requirements, acceptance of the features implemented, etc., can be decided
directly by the customer, allowing a fast decision making process
23. 23
Waste in Requirements
• Identification and reduction of waste from requirements assume a
paramount role to avoid the creation of waste later in the
development process
• In lean practices, the reduction of waste is extremely important
because waste always generates more waste
24. 24
Waste in Requirements
• Waste in requirements includes both wrong and useless
requirements
• All the waste generated is a cost for the customer both
directly and indirectly
• Such costs are likely to generate further waste inside the
customer organization due to the reduced amount of money
available to its core business and reduced revenues
25. 25
Impact of Requirements Waste on Development
Process
• More source code to write and higher cost
• Increased complexity of the source code
• Delayed delivery of the final version of the application with all
functionalities
• More complex and costly maintenance
26. 26
Impact of Requirements Waste on Development
Process
• More resources required by the application, including:
memory usage, processing power, network usage, etc
• Increased complexity of the application from the point of
view of the customer (e.g., more complex user interface,
more effort to learn how to use the application, etc)
27. 27
Impact of Requirements Waste on Development
Process
• Savings produced by the application in the production process of the
customer are delayed
28. 28
Techniques to Focus on Interaction with Customer
• The whole development team collects requirements from
the customer
• Usage of documents to share knowledge is reduced to a minimum
• Requirements are collected using a common language
• Requirements are collected using the language of the customer,
not any formal language
29. 29
Techniques to Focus on Interaction with Customer
• Direct interaction between the development team and the
customer
• Reduces both the number of documents required and the
probability of misunderstanding due to unnecessary
communication layers
• Requirements splitting
• If the development team considers a requirement too complex,
this technique helps the customer to split it in simpler ones
30. 30
Waste Reduction Techniques
• In order to reduce the waste created by the over specification of
requirements, following techniques are used
• Requirements prioritization
• Incremental releases
31. 31
Prioritization Activities
• The development team estimates the time required to
implement each functionality. If the effort required is too
high, the requirement is split into simpler ones that can be
implemented with less effort
• The customer specifies business priorities for each
functionality
32. 32
Prioritization Activities
• According to the business priorities, the development team assign a
risk factor to the functionalities
• The customer and the development team identify the functionalities
to implement in the iteration
33. 33
Requirements Evolution
• Agile methods assume that is very hard to elicit all the
requirements from the user upfront, at the beginning of a
development project
• They also assume that such requirements evolve in time as
the customer may change its mind or the overall technical
and socio-economical environment may evolve
34. 34
Requirements Evolution
• Agile companies are aware that changes are inevitable and they
include the management of variability into the development process
36. 36
Requirements Evolution
• Agile methods assume that the cost of introducing changes in a
product is nearly constant over the time, but this hypothesis is not
true in every context
37. 37
Requirements Evolution
• Usually, the cost of implementing changes grows
exponentially over the time
• On the other hand, if development phases are grouped
together in very short iterations and binding decisions are
taken as late as possible, the growing of the cost is limited
38. 38
Requirements Evolution
• In order to manage requirements evolution, agile methods
use variable scope-variable price contract. This means that
the features really implemented into the system and its cost
evolve as well
• Requirements are negotiated throughout the project
between the customer the development team
40. 40
Managing Variability
• Decoupling requirements
• Requirements have to be as independent as possible in order to clearly
identify what to implement and make the order of their implementation
irrelevant
41. 41
Managing Variability
• Requirements elicitation and prioritization
• At the beginning of every iteration, there is a requirements
collection and prioritization activity. During that, new
requirements are identified and prioritized. This approach helps to
identify the most important features inside the ongoing project.
43. 43
Non-Functional Requirements
• Agile methods do not provide any widely accepted technique
for eliciting and managing non-functional requirements
• Such requirements are collected implicitly during the
requirements collection activity. The need of specifying non-
functional requirements is less important than in other
context due to the continuous interaction with the customer