How Did Rene Descartes Contribute To Psychology
Essay about Rene Descartes
Essay on René Descartes
Rene Descartes Essay
Rene Descartes Essay
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Descartes Essay
In the early 17th century a philosopher named Descartes, questioned his existence. His life was dedicated to the founding of a philosophical and mathematical system in which all sciences were logical.
Descartes was born in 1596 in Touraine, France. His education consisted of attendance to a Jesuit school of La Fleche. He studied a liberal arts program that emphasized philosophy, the humanities, science, and math. He then went on to the University of Poitiers where he graduated in 1616 with a law degree. Descartes also served as a volunteer in several different armies to broaden his horizons.
After all of Descartes study and contemplation of math and science, he decided to...show more content...His God must also be omnipotent to do the things he wished to describe later, so he proved God to be omnipotent. The main literary work in which he published these proofs was his Meditations. The other major philosophical work, which was publisher later, was his Discourse on Method. These two main works have paved the path for modern philosophy throughout the world. Although Descartes proved the existence of God, he did not believe him to be imminent, but rather, transcendent. He was by definition a Deity. He believed that God created the world and the laws by which it works. Then, set the cosmos in motion by these natural laws and simply watches it operate.
Once Descartes proved his own existence and that of God s, he proceeded on to the sciences. He showed that mathematics was the truest of all sciences. Descartes studied math intensely at the Jesuit school. His zeal for the subject continued into his later life. Gradually, he became more and more disgusted
The Rationalist Approach of René Descartes The medieval world in.docxoreo10
The Rationalist Approach of René Descartes
The medieval world into which René Descartes was born in 1596 was beginning to come apart. The great synthesis that had held knowledge together under the control of the Church and the authority of Aristotle was unraveling, and many things that had seemed settled or obvious were being questioned. The stable if somewhat stifling world of his childhood—in which the Church was the keeper of all knowledge and books were written in Latin, thereby limiting access to knowledge to scholars and churchmen—had been jolted by the scientific revolution.
When he was in his twenties, Descartes had a kind of intellectual crisis. Taking seriously the questions we have been considering, he began to wonder whether there was anything in his mind that he could know with certainty.
The Use of Methodic Doubt to Examine Knowledge
When Descartes began his search for certain knowledge, he decided to doubt everything systematically and see whether anything remained after this process. Any knowledge that was left would have, by surviving such a test, achieved the status of certainty. Much of what he found in his mind seemed to have arrived there on the authority of someone else; he had been told many things and read others, without questioning the authority of the source. In other words, like most of us, he accepted as facts both things his teachers told him and things he read in books. He had no independent verification for this apparent knowledge; he had only the word or the authority of the source as assurance that what he thought was true was indeed true.
What about the senses? Could they be relied upon to provide knowledge? To test the reliability of his senses, Descartes took a piece of beeswax and heated it in a candle flame, watching every property of the wax change before his eyes:
· Let us take, for example, this bit of wax which has just been taken from the hive. It has not yet completely lost the sweetness of the honey it contained; it still retains something of the odor of the hive from which it was collected; its color, shape, and size are apparent; it is hard and cold; it can easily be touched; and, if you knock on it, it will give out some sound … But now while I am talking I bring it close to the fire. What remains of the taste evaporates; the odor vanishes; its color changes; its shape is lost; its size increases; it becomes liquid; it grows hot; one can hardly touch it; and although it is knocked upon it will give out no sound.7
If he were to use the evidence supplied by his senses, Descartes concluded, he would have to declare that the wax after being heated was completely different from the wax before being heated. To conclude that the wax retained its identity during this transformation, Descartes realized that he had relied on his understanding, not on his senses.
As the next step in his systematic process, Descartes applied methodic doubt to his ordinary perceptions of reality, comparing them w ...
(Oxford World's Classics) René Descartes, Ian Maclean - Discourse Method of C...LeeVinh4
René Descartes, Ian Maclean - Discourse Method of Correctly Conducting Ones Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences-Oxford University Press, USA (2006).pdf
This paper presents the evolution of the scientific method that has been instrumental in promoting the advancement of science and also technology throughout history. It is important to note that the scientific method refers to a cluster of basic rules of how to be the procedure in order to produce scientific knowledge, either new knowledge, either a correction or an increase of previously existing knowledge. The scientific method, therefore, is nothing more than the logic applied to science. The search for a suitable scientific method guided the action of most thinkers of the sixteenth and seventeenth highlighting among them Galileo Galilei, Francis Bacon, René Descartes and Isaac Newton, who with their contributions were crucial to the structure of what we call today of modern science. In addition to these thinkers, it was also important later contributions of Hegel, Marx, Engels, Popper, Russell, Duhem, Poincaré, Morin, etc.
This article shows the evolution from the 17th century speculative Descartes' views to a new, modern, and practical philosophy in the 18th century France. Yet, the core of Descartes philosophy, his critical method, pervives in some 18th century writers such as Rousseau.
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