Relation between teeth and diseases of eye for dentists and students

1. The Relation
Of Teeth To
Diseases Of
The Eye
BY/
MOHAMED ELSHAFIE
LECTURER OF OPHTHALMOLOGY KAFRELSHIEKH UNIVERSITY

2. EXAMINATION
Visual Acuity
(VA)

3. NORMAL VISUAL RESPONSE
Age Visual response
Newborn Light perception
1 month Fixates and follows interesting bright
coloured objects
3 -4 months Binocular vision
6 months Reach objects using vision
9 months Search for toys
2 years Picture matching

4. FIXATION TARGETS (fix and follow) :
 If appropriate targets are used, this reflex can be demonstrated
by about 6 wk of age.
Binocular fixation preference :

5. OPTICOKINETIC NYSTAGMUS :
 Evaluation of the presence or absence of
opticokinetic nystagmus was the first “technologic”
approach to acuity measurement in preverbal
children.

6. VISUAL ACUITY
Rules
 It is a test for central vision only
 Start with one eye (uniocular)
 Good illuminated chart with higher contrast

7. VISUAL ACUITY
Interpretation
UCVA
BCVA
6/6
20/20
1.00
6/6
6/9
6/12
6/18
6/60
5/60
1/60

9. Near vision chart

10. REFRACTIVE ERRORS

11. Myopia
 Nearsightedness
 See well up close
but blurry in distance
 Eye is too long
 Light focuses in
front of retina

12. Hyperopia
 Farsightedness
 See well in distance
 Eye is too short
 Focus point is
behind retina

14. VISUAL ACUITY
Pin Hole test
To differentiate refractive errors
from organic diseases by
blocking peripheral rayes

15. VEDIO

16. ISHIHARA PLATE TO TEST COLOR VISION
(RED-GREEN DEFECTIVE VISION)

17. AMSLER GRID TO ASSESS MACULA..

18. Common causes of dropped vision:

19. Cataract

20. Endophthalmitis

21. Glaucoma
 Progressive loss of Nerve
fiber layer at ONH
(increased cupping)
 Can lead to peripheral
visual field loss
 Sometimes caused by
elevated intraocular
pressure

22. Diabetic Retinopathy
 Diabetes affects retinal
micro-vasculature
 One of leading causes
of blindness among
ages 20-64

23. Macular Degeneration
 #1 cause of blindness in
Americans over
age 65
 Theorized link to
o UV light exposure
o subsequent release of free
radicals
o oxidation within retinal
tissues

24. Retinal Detachment
 Flashing lights in
peripheral vision
 New floaters—black spots
or ‘cobwebs’
 Peripheral scotoma—dark
shadow or “curtain”
blocking vision

25. Common causes of red eye:

27. Conditions of common interest:

28. Marcus gunn jaw winking

29. Jaw pain

30. Giant cell arteritis

31. Trigeminal neuralgia

32. Behcet disease

33. Sjogren syndrome

34. Dental anathesia

35. aspiration before injection
slow injection of small quantities
moving the needle during injection
to avoid injecting a large bolus of
epinephrine in one location.

36. Dental surgery

38. Exposure to Blood

39. Wash needle sticks and cuts with
soap and water
Flush splashes to the nose, mouth, or
skin with water
Irrigate eyes with clean water, saline,
or sterile irrigants
What should I do if I am exposed to the blood of
a patient?

41. Working Together
 Together we can catch
vision threatening
conditions earlier
 Glad to answer questions
 Always happy to take
your calls