REGION XII (SOCCSKSARGEN)
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REGION XII SOCCSKSARGEN 4 COMPRISES PROVINCES 1. South Cotabato 2. Cotabato Province 3. Saranggani 4. Sultan Kudarat 2 CHARTERED CITIES 1. General Santos City 2. Cotabato City 2 chartered 2 pics one word *Proud products *Literary works *Bartolome Del Valle *Biography, his works. *Indarapatra at Sulayman
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Indarapatra at sulayman
The document summarizes the Philippine epic "Indarapatra at Sulayman" from the SOCCSKSARGEN region of Mindanao. It describes the protagonists King Indarapatra and his brother Sulayman who defend their kingdom from four terrible monsters. Sulayman journeys to confront the monsters plaguing the land and claims victory, restoring peace and prosperity to the kingdom of Mindanao. The epic promotes themes of heroism, sacrifice for one's country, and defending society from threats.
Indapatra at Sulayman (Please Read Description)
Indapatra at Sulayman | Mythology of Mindanao
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This handout lets us appreciate not only the Davao Region but also the representative literary text which is Love in the Cornhusks.REGION XII (SOCCSKSARGEN) Literature
REGION XII (SOCCSKSARGEN) Philippine Literature
LITERARY WORKS
ULAHINGAN, INDARAPATRA AT SULAYMAN,
MONKI, MAKIL & THE MONKEYS, LAMGE
AUTHOR/S
JAIME AN LIM (1946-present)
Indarapatra and Sulayman
The document summarizes a Maranao epic story called "Indarapatra and Sulayman". It describes how four monsters - Kurita, Tarabusaw, Pah, and a seven-headed bird - devastated the land of Mindanao. King Indarapatra of a distant city took compassion and sent his brother Sulayman to kill the monsters. Sulayman succeeded in killing three of the monsters but was killed by the fourth. King Indarapatra then revived Sulayman and killed the remaining monster, restoring peace to Mindanao.
National Capital Region Philippines Literature
This powerpoint contain the following:
1. Background of the region
2. Famous Authors
3. Literature
Literature 1 Central Visayas Oral Notes
1. Region VII or Central Visayas is located in the central Philippines and consists of 4 provinces and 3 highly urbanized cities. Cebuano is the major language spoken.
2. The document discusses the provinces in Central Visayas, including their capital cities and historical sites. It also outlines the major and minor languages spoken as well as the ethnic groups in the region.
3. Several literary pieces from the Visayas region are summarized, including creation myths, legends, folk songs, and riddles. The summaries include the main themes and moral lessons of each piece.
Ulahingan
Baybayan must circle the world seven times to gather converts before joining his relatives in paradise. He encounters many adventures as he converts people of various cultures and religions. During his travels, Baybayan and his followers perform the first ulahing dance when they are hungry. Miraculously, fruit from a tree transforms into an abundant feast for them. After completing his mission, Baybayan and his followers are finally lifted to heaven, where they are granted immortality and their own paradise to dwell in. Baybayan is tasked with inspiring mortals to perform the ulahing dance so that they do not forget Agyu and the story of their journey.
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Indarapatra at sulayman
The document summarizes the Philippine epic "Indarapatra at Sulayman" from the SOCCSKSARGEN region of Mindanao. It describes the protagonists King Indarapatra and his brother Sulayman who defend their kingdom from four terrible monsters. Sulayman journeys to confront the monsters plaguing the land and claims victory, restoring peace and prosperity to the kingdom of Mindanao. The epic promotes themes of heroism, sacrifice for one's country, and defending society from threats.
Indapatra at Sulayman (Please Read Description)
Indapatra at Sulayman | Mythology of Mindanao
Direct PowerPoint Download Link (Click Skip Ads to visit link):
http://atominik.com/1hjp
or
https://dlapkmod.com/file/YWNlMz
Davao Region (Philippine Literature)
Davao Region (Philippine Literature)Mariano Marcos State University - College of Teacher Education (CTE)
This handout lets us appreciate not only the Davao Region but also the representative literary text which is Love in the Cornhusks.REGION XII (SOCCSKSARGEN) Literature
REGION XII (SOCCSKSARGEN) Philippine Literature
LITERARY WORKS
ULAHINGAN, INDARAPATRA AT SULAYMAN,
MONKI, MAKIL & THE MONKEYS, LAMGE
AUTHOR/S
JAIME AN LIM (1946-present)
Indarapatra and Sulayman
The document summarizes a Maranao epic story called "Indarapatra and Sulayman". It describes how four monsters - Kurita, Tarabusaw, Pah, and a seven-headed bird - devastated the land of Mindanao. King Indarapatra of a distant city took compassion and sent his brother Sulayman to kill the monsters. Sulayman succeeded in killing three of the monsters but was killed by the fourth. King Indarapatra then revived Sulayman and killed the remaining monster, restoring peace to Mindanao.
National Capital Region Philippines Literature
This powerpoint contain the following:
1. Background of the region
2. Famous Authors
3. Literature
Literature 1 Central Visayas Oral Notes
1. Region VII or Central Visayas is located in the central Philippines and consists of 4 provinces and 3 highly urbanized cities. Cebuano is the major language spoken.
2. The document discusses the provinces in Central Visayas, including their capital cities and historical sites. It also outlines the major and minor languages spoken as well as the ethnic groups in the region.
3. Several literary pieces from the Visayas region are summarized, including creation myths, legends, folk songs, and riddles. The summaries include the main themes and moral lessons of each piece.
Ulahingan
Baybayan must circle the world seven times to gather converts before joining his relatives in paradise. He encounters many adventures as he converts people of various cultures and religions. During his travels, Baybayan and his followers perform the first ulahing dance when they are hungry. Miraculously, fruit from a tree transforms into an abundant feast for them. After completing his mission, Baybayan and his followers are finally lifted to heaven, where they are granted immortality and their own paradise to dwell in. Baybayan is tasked with inspiring mortals to perform the ulahing dance so that they do not forget Agyu and the story of their journey.
The kingdom of keboklagan
1. The epic begins with Timoway leaving his pregnant wife Balo Libon to earn money as a tool sharpener. During the journey, a storm caused by an angry goddess kills Timoway.
2. Upon learning of Timoway's death, Balo Libon gives birth to a son named Taake. Taake grows up to be a great fisherman.
3. Taake is dragged underwater while fishing and discovers the underwater kingdom of Keboklagan. There he meets and courts the Lady of Pintawan, but their romance is opposed by two men.
4. A fight breaks out over Taake and the Lady. The Datu of Kebok
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José Rizal wrote the Legend of Maria Makiling, about a beautiful woman named Mariang Makiling who lived in the mountains of Laguna. She would come to town and sell fruits from the mountain, giving the money to the poor. A young farmer fell in love with her after seeing her in town. When he followed her into the woods one day, he lost track of her. Local folklore says Mariang Makiling still haunts the mountain, and those who try to take the mountain's fruits home with them will get lost. The story warns against trespassing on the mountain.
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Ulahingan
Baybayan is tasked to circle the world seven times to gather converts before being allowed to enter paradise with his clan. During his wanderings, Baybayan encounters many adventures as he converts people of various cultures. When his followers run out of food, Baybayan performs an ulahing dance that causes fruit to fall from a tree and transform into an endless supply of food for the group. After completing his mission, Baybayan and his followers are finally lifted to heaven where they are granted immortality by Midlimbag and given their own paradise to reside in. Midlimbag instructs Baybayan to inspire mortals to perform the ulahing dance so that they do not forget Agyu
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Calapan City is the regional center. However, most regional government offices such as the Department of Public Works and Highways are in the city of Quezon in Metro Manila.
The region was part of the now-defunct Southern Tagalog region until May 17, 2002.[4] On May 23, 2005, Palawan and the highly urbanized city of Puerto Princesa were moved to the region of Western Visayas by Executive Order No. 429.
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- The province has vast agricultural lands, thick forests, beaches, lagoons, falls and the largest nickel reserves in the country.
- It was once part of the old Caraga territory and was separated from Surigao del Sur in 1960. The Mamanwa tribe are the dominant indigenous group.
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Region 8 EASTERN VISAYAS
1. Eastern Samar became an independent province in 1965 after being split from the province of Samar.
2. It played an important role in Philippine history as the landing site of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 and the location of the "Balangiga Massacre" in 1901 where Filipino rebels attacked American troops.
3. Eastern Samar has a long history of contact with Western civilization dating back to the arrival of Jesuit missionaries in the 16th century and the landing of US Army Rangers in 1944, three days before the Battle of Leyte.
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** Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of the respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
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An epic is a long narrative poem that relates the deeds of a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of their society. Philippine epics were orally passed down through generations and chanted during celebrations. The hero of an epic embodies traits valued by their society like courage, determination, wisdom and goes on a long, dangerous journey where they perform valorous deeds by battling evil forces and saving others, demonstrating their virtue. One example of a Philippine epic is the story of Indarapatra and Sulayman which takes place in Magindanaw where four monsters attacked and features themes of bravery bringing honor and fighting for freedom and peace without living in fear.
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The document summarizes the history and current situation of indigenous communities in the Philippines, particularly those in Mindanao and Sulu. It describes how these communities have transitioned from being self-governing to becoming impoverished minorities due to colonialism and loss of land. It provides historical context on how Islam spread to the regions of Mindanao and Sulu through trade, and led to the establishment of sultanates that had more advanced social development compared to other indigenous groups. It also outlines the various ethnolinguistic groups that make up the indigenous communities and how population pressures have displaced many from their traditional lands and threatened their cultures and livelihoods.
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The kingdom of keboklagan
1. The epic begins with Timoway leaving his pregnant wife Balo Libon to earn money as a tool sharpener. During the journey, a storm caused by an angry goddess kills Timoway.
2. Upon learning of Timoway's death, Balo Libon gives birth to a son named Taake. Taake grows up to be a great fisherman.
3. Taake is dragged underwater while fishing and discovers the underwater kingdom of Keboklagan. There he meets and courts the Lady of Pintawan, but their romance is opposed by two men.
4. A fight breaks out over Taake and the Lady. The Datu of Kebok
Literature of region iv (southern tagalog)
José Rizal wrote the Legend of Maria Makiling, about a beautiful woman named Mariang Makiling who lived in the mountains of Laguna. She would come to town and sell fruits from the mountain, giving the money to the poor. A young farmer fell in love with her after seeing her in town. When he followed her into the woods one day, he lost track of her. Local folklore says Mariang Makiling still haunts the mountain, and those who try to take the mountain's fruits home with them will get lost. The story warns against trespassing on the mountain.
The literature of eastern visayas
Waray literature from Eastern Visayas has been more extensively documented than Cebuano literature from the region. German priests in the 1900s played a key role in preserving Waray works. Major forms of traditional Waray literature include poetry and narrative works documented in 1668. Modern Waray literature flourished in the 1900s with the rise of local publications printing works in Spanish, English, and Waray. Notable Waray writers include Iluminado Lucente, Norberto Romualdez, Pedro Acerden, and Francisco Alvarado. Lucente is considered the greatest Waray writer, known for works like the poem "An Iroy Nga Tuna".
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Ulahingan
Baybayan is tasked to circle the world seven times to gather converts before being allowed to enter paradise with his clan. During his wanderings, Baybayan encounters many adventures as he converts people of various cultures. When his followers run out of food, Baybayan performs an ulahing dance that causes fruit to fall from a tree and transform into an endless supply of food for the group. After completing his mission, Baybayan and his followers are finally lifted to heaven where they are granted immortality by Midlimbag and given their own paradise to reside in. Midlimbag instructs Baybayan to inspire mortals to perform the ulahing dance so that they do not forget Agyu
MIMAROPA REGION: AN OVERVIEW
MIMAROPA is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region IV-B. It is one of two regions in the country having no land border with another region, the other being Eastern Visayas. The name is an acronym combination of its constituent provinces, which are: Mindoro (divided into Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro), Marinduque, Romblon and Palawan. The region is also formally known as the Southern Tagalog Islands.
Calapan City is the regional center. However, most regional government offices such as the Department of Public Works and Highways are in the city of Quezon in Metro Manila.
The region was part of the now-defunct Southern Tagalog region until May 17, 2002.[4] On May 23, 2005, Palawan and the highly urbanized city of Puerto Princesa were moved to the region of Western Visayas by Executive Order No. 429.
However, on August 19, 2005, then-President Arroyo issued Administrative Order No. 129 to hold the earlier EO 429 in abeyance pending a review.
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This document provides information about literature in Region 2 (Cagayan Valley) of the Philippines. It discusses three writers from the region, including Florentino Hornedo, who was born in 1938 in Batanes. Hornedo received several degrees and has authored 13 books on topics like philosophy, education, culture, and history. He has received numerous awards for his writing. Some of Hornedo's literary works examine themes of Filipino identity and culture, such as the social implications of the phrase "Today's native was yesterday's visitor."
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This document provides information about the province of Surigao del Norte in the Caraga region of the Philippines. Some key details:
- Surigao del Norte is located in northeastern Mindanao, bounded by the Pacific Ocean, Surigao del Sur, Agusan del Norte and the Surigao Strait. Surigao City is the capital.
- The province has vast agricultural lands, thick forests, beaches, lagoons, falls and the largest nickel reserves in the country.
- It was once part of the old Caraga territory and was separated from Surigao del Sur in 1960. The Mamanwa tribe are the dominant indigenous group.
-
Region 8 EASTERN VISAYAS
1. Eastern Samar became an independent province in 1965 after being split from the province of Samar.
2. It played an important role in Philippine history as the landing site of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 and the location of the "Balangiga Massacre" in 1901 where Filipino rebels attacked American troops.
3. Eastern Samar has a long history of contact with Western civilization dating back to the arrival of Jesuit missionaries in the 16th century and the landing of US Army Rangers in 1944, three days before the Battle of Leyte.
ARMM Region Soc.Stud10
The document provides information about the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) and its constituent provinces. It discusses the geography, culture, economy and attractions of each province. The ARMM is located in western Mindanao and includes the provinces of Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi. Each province is home to indigenous Muslim groups and has natural resources but also struggles with poverty and underdevelopment. The document shares details on the people, languages, industries and festivals of each area.
Eng 5 hinilawod
The epic poem Hinilawod recounts the story of three demigod brothers - Labaw Donggon, Humadapnon, and Dumalapdap - born to the goddess Alunsina and the mortal ruler Datu Paubari in ancient Panay. Each brother goes on adventures seeking wives, battling monsters along the way. Labaw Donggon is imprisoned by Saragnayan but is freed by his sons. Humadapnon kills his wife Nagmalitong Yawa by accident but she is revived. Dumalapdap defeats monsters to marry Lubay-Lubyok Hanginun. The brothers are reunited at a feast by their father Datu Paubari after their
PHILIPPINE PRE-COLONIAL LITERATURE (incomplete)
1. Meaning of Literature
2. Epic
3. Myth
** Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of the respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
The Epic (with Indarapatra & Sulayman)
An epic is a long narrative poem that relates the deeds of a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of their society. Philippine epics were orally passed down through generations and chanted during celebrations. The hero of an epic embodies traits valued by their society like courage, determination, wisdom and goes on a long, dangerous journey where they perform valorous deeds by battling evil forces and saving others, demonstrating their virtue. One example of a Philippine epic is the story of Indarapatra and Sulayman which takes place in Magindanaw where four monsters attacked and features themes of bravery bringing honor and fighting for freedom and peace without living in fear.
Region 12- soccsksargen (Philippines)
Region XII, also known as SOCCSKSARGEN, is located in central Mindanao in the Philippines. The region gets its name from an acronym of the four provinces and one city it contains - South Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and General Santos City. The region has a population of over 4 million people comprised of Christians, Muslims, and other groups. The main industries are agriculture, fishing, and cottage industries. Major crops include pineapple, corn, coconut, and banana.
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The document provides information about Western Visayas Region 6 in the Philippines. It discusses the geographical, political, and cultural profile of the region. Region 6 consists of 5 provinces - Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Iloilo, and Negros Occidental. The major livelihood is fishing due to its coastal location. Popular tourist attractions include Boracay Island, Ati-atihan Festival in Aklan, and Macopo Falls in Guimaras. The region is home to ethnic groups such as Ilonggos, Cebuanos, and Warays. Famous people from the region include former Vice President Fernando Lopez. Major products include sugar, abaca, shell crafts, and pina cloth
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The document discusses three main theories on the origins of the early Filipinos: the biblical story of creation, evolution theory, and folktales/legends. It describes how according to evolution theory, there were three main waves of migration to the Philippines - the Negritos 25,000 years ago, Indonesians 5,000 years ago, and Malays 2,000 years ago. It also summarizes two popular Filipino folktales about the first inhabitants - the story of Malakas and Maganda emerging from bamboo, and the story of God creating the first humans from clay of different colors.
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This document provides background information on Antonio Pigafetta and summarizes his account of Ferdinand Magellan's first circumnavigation of the world from 1519 to 1522. It discusses Pigafetta's role as a traveler who accompanied the expedition and documented it. His account provides important primary source material on their travels, including their arrival in the Philippines and encounters with local leaders. It also summarizes the establishment of the Katipunan secret society in the Philippines by Bonifacio to promote independence from Spain through revolution and education.
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Ferdinand Magellan landed on Homonhon island on March 16, 1521 and had initial contact with the local leaders.
On April 14, 1521, Magellan celebrated the first Catholic mass in the Philippines on Limasawa island and entered into a treaty of friendship with local Datu Garas-Garas and others.
While Magellan claimed the Philippines for Spain, he was later killed in the Battle of Mactan by local leader Lapu-Lapu on April 27, 1521, delaying Spanish colonization of the islands for several decades.
Reading in Philippine History
Pigafetta's account provides important details about Magellan's voyage and interactions with leaders in the Philippines. It describes their first encounters with locals in Samar and Homonhon island, exchanges with Rajahs in Butuan, the first mass in the Philippines, battles in Mactan that led to Magellan's death, and eventual betrayal of the remaining crew in Cebu. Pigafetta's work became a classic reference for later historians and writers due to its rich ethnographic and first-hand observations from the voyage. The document also outlines the origins and aims of the Katipunan secret society, formed by Bonifacio to pursue independence after the failure of reformist movements.
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1. The document discusses several types of Philippine literary works including epics, legends, myths, and folktales found in different regions of the Philippines.
2. Major works highlighted include Ibalon and Biag ni Lam-ang from Luzon, Hinilawod from Visayas, and Bantugan and Ag Tobig Nog Keboklagan from Mindanao.
3. The document also briefly profiles the major languages and ethnic groups found in each region and their contributions to Philippine literature.
Lesson 4 Arts of Mindanao (lumad)
This document provides information about different indigenous tribes in Mindanao, Philippines. It discusses the Lumad people, who are the non-Muslim indigenous groups in the southern Philippines. It also describes several tribes including the Tausug, known as "People of the Current"; the Maguindanaoan, the largest Muslim group, called "People of the Flood Plain"; and the Maranao, called "People of the Lake." Finally, it discusses important cultural aspects of the Maranao tribe, including the Torogan ancestral home, the carved Panolong beam, and the versatile Malong garment.
Whazz up
This document provides objectives and background information on narratives, stories, and Filipino author Amador T. Daguio. It defines narratives as connected accounts and stories as events, true or fictional. It introduces Daguio as a pre-war poet, novelist and teacher known for his poems and fiction. It provides biographical details about Daguio's upbringing and education. The document concludes with rubrics for a choric reading of Daguio's story "Wedding Dance" and a student comment praising the story's simplicity and cultural richness.
Philippine literature - Precolonial and Spanish Period
This document provides a summary of Philippine literature across different historical periods: Pre-Colonial, Spanish, American, Post-EDSA, and Contemporary. It then focuses on the Pre-Colonial period, describing early literary forms such as epics, legends, riddles and proverbs that were orally transmitted. Two specific legends from this period are then presented in full: "The Legend of Maria Makiling", about a diwata (goddess) who protects Mount Makiling, and her suitors; and "Banahaw", a Tagalog legend about how the mountain came to be named. Both stories are accompanied by multiple levels of comprehension questions.
Philippine literature- Introduction
This document provides an overview of Philippine literature across different historical periods, including pre-colonial, Spanish, American, post-EDSA, and contemporary times. It then focuses on two examples of literature from the pre-colonial period, including the Legend of Maria Makiling and the Tagalog legend of Banahaw.
The Legend of Maria Makiling tells the story of a diwata named Maria Makiling who lives on Mount Makiling and has three suitors - a Spanish soldier, a mestizo student, and a common farmer. It describes how she chooses the farmer but the other two suitors plot against him out of jealousy, leading to conflict and Maria's curse.
The legend of
FOLK ARTS OF MINDANAO
Mindanao is the second largest and southernmost island in the Philippines, referred to as the "Land of Promise." It has a significant Muslim population, particularly in the southern provinces of Maguindanao, Lanao del Sur, Sulu, and Tawi-tawi. Mindanao is also culturally diverse, home to many ethno-linguistic groups including Muslims from the Badjao, Iranun, Jama Mapun, and others, as well as indigenous groups like the Bagobos and T'bolis. Before Islam and Christianity, early Filipinos on the island practiced animism and believed that spirits inhabited plants and nature.
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REGION XII (SOCCSKSARGEN)
- 7. REGION XII Is a region of the Philippines, Located in Central Mindanao and it’s officially designated as Region XII. Population (2020) 4,919,936 45 Municipalities 1,195 Barangays Dialect: Maguindanao, Cebuano, Iranun, Blaan, Taruray, Ilanen.
- 8. IT COMPRISES OF 4 PROVINCES 2 CHARTERED CITIES
- 10. PROUD PRODUCTS OF REGION XII
- 12. September 18, 1912 to July 1987 12 works in 28 publication Holding 42 libraries. Genres: Dictionaries, History, Biographies. Roles: Author and Translator
- 13. Talatiningang Pilipino- Pilipino. (Book) Panitikan para sa mataas na paaralan. Antonio Mariano (Book) Explicacion y pronostico de los dos cometas by Valle (Book) Pampaaraang balarila ng wikang Pambansa by Federico Sebastian (Book)
- 15. A very long time ago, the large island of Mindanao was completely covered with water, and the sea extended over all the lowlands so that nothing could be seen but mountains. There were many people living in the country, and all the highlands were dotted with villages and settlements. For many years the people prospered, living in peace and contentment.
- 16. Suddenly there appeared in the land four horrible monsters which, in a short time, had devoured every human being they could find. Kurita, a terrible creature with many limbs, lived partly on land and partly in the sea, but its favorite haunt was the mountain where the rattan grew; and here it brought utter destruction on every living thing. The second monster, Tarabusaw, an ugly creature in the form of a man, lived on Mt. Matutun, and far and wide from that place he devoured the people, laying waste the land.
- 17. The third, an enormous bird called Pah, was so large that when on the wing it covered the sun and brought darkness to the earth. Its egg was as large as a house. Mt. Bita was its haunt, and there the only people who escaped its voracity were those who hid in caves in the mountains. The fourth monster was a dreadful bird also, having seven heads and the power to see in all directions at the same time. Mt. Gurayn was its home and like the others it wrought havoc in its region.
- 18. Answer: Bartolome Del Valle
- 19. Who are the main characters in the story? Answer: indarapatra and sulayman
- 20. Where are the settings of the story? Answer: kingdom of muntilapi, Mt. Beta, Mt, Matumtum, Mt. Gurayan.
- 21. How is the climax of the story Answer: Climax: King indarapatra asked his brother Sulayman to save the land of Mindanao from the monsters. Sulayman departed for mindanao and started looking at the four horrible monsters.
- 22. The story of Indarapatra and Sulayman teaches people that love for family and country/community are no different. Indarapatra's care for Sulayman reflects his care for his community. It teaches people that love when shown can bring forth good things. What is the moral lesson of the story ?
- 23. Like Sulayman did, he sets forth to defend and protect the people who are in Mindanao from the dangerous monsters and also Indarapatra got reward for things they've done.
- 24. Thank you !!!