There are many successful strategies to reduce fleet cost and emissions. EDF discusses many of these and provides case studies of leading companies that are cutting costs and setting environmental goals.
The document discusses challenges and opportunities for accelerating the adoption of clean transportation technologies. It notes that the EPA will strengthen ozone standards, requiring significant reductions in NOx emissions in many regions. Meeting the new standards will require transitioning away from fossil fuel combustion to zero-emission technologies. The document also discusses targeting specific market segments or "beachhead markets", collecting data from demonstration fleets, engaging users to understand needs, and partnering with corporations to offer incentives to employees.
Ways to control carbon emission from fleetsTracko.co.in
The carbon emission from vehicle is constantly on the rise with the booming automobile usage. The greenhouse gases are a threat to the environment & human lives. Many fleet managers are coming up with ways to control carbon emission from fleets. This ppt shows some easy to practise measures including use of GPS system to reduce carbon footprint.
January 2016: Oregon Clean Fuels Program, Cory-Ann Wind of DEQForth
The Oregon Clean Fuels Program establishes declining carbon intensity standards for gasoline and diesel fuel through 2025 to reduce the carbon emissions per unit of fuel energy. The standards require fuel importers and producers to comply by generating credits from lower-carbon fuels or purchasing credits from other parties. The program also allows voluntary participation to generate credits for alternative fuels like electricity, renewable natural gas, and propane. The summary provides an overview of the program requirements and incentives for regulated parties and voluntary opt-ins.
1) A study in Denmark showed that the overall economic and social benefits of using particle air filtration are much greater than the costs of running the filtration systems.
2) Filters account for approximately 30% of the total energy costs for air handling systems. Improving filters requires no capital expenditure and can significantly reduce energy costs.
3) Choosing low energy air filters with low pressure drops can reduce a building's energy costs by up to 58% according to case studies.
Oakland International Airport (OAK) Environmental InitiativesCALSTART
Susan Fizzell, Oakland International Airport (OAK), gave a presentation on the airport's environmental initiatives at the Northern California Green Airport Fleet Partnership Workshop and Expo, June 25, 2014. Co-hosted by East Bay Clean Cities and CALSTART, the event gathered representatives from area airports to discuss clean fleet technologies and funding.
The document discusses challenges and opportunities for accelerating the adoption of clean transportation technologies. It notes that the EPA will strengthen ozone standards, requiring significant reductions in NOx emissions in many regions. Meeting the new standards will require transitioning away from fossil fuel combustion to zero-emission technologies. The document also discusses targeting specific market segments or "beachhead markets", collecting data from demonstration fleets, engaging users to understand needs, and partnering with corporations to offer incentives to employees.
Ways to control carbon emission from fleetsTracko.co.in
The carbon emission from vehicle is constantly on the rise with the booming automobile usage. The greenhouse gases are a threat to the environment & human lives. Many fleet managers are coming up with ways to control carbon emission from fleets. This ppt shows some easy to practise measures including use of GPS system to reduce carbon footprint.
January 2016: Oregon Clean Fuels Program, Cory-Ann Wind of DEQForth
The Oregon Clean Fuels Program establishes declining carbon intensity standards for gasoline and diesel fuel through 2025 to reduce the carbon emissions per unit of fuel energy. The standards require fuel importers and producers to comply by generating credits from lower-carbon fuels or purchasing credits from other parties. The program also allows voluntary participation to generate credits for alternative fuels like electricity, renewable natural gas, and propane. The summary provides an overview of the program requirements and incentives for regulated parties and voluntary opt-ins.
1) A study in Denmark showed that the overall economic and social benefits of using particle air filtration are much greater than the costs of running the filtration systems.
2) Filters account for approximately 30% of the total energy costs for air handling systems. Improving filters requires no capital expenditure and can significantly reduce energy costs.
3) Choosing low energy air filters with low pressure drops can reduce a building's energy costs by up to 58% according to case studies.
Oakland International Airport (OAK) Environmental InitiativesCALSTART
Susan Fizzell, Oakland International Airport (OAK), gave a presentation on the airport's environmental initiatives at the Northern California Green Airport Fleet Partnership Workshop and Expo, June 25, 2014. Co-hosted by East Bay Clean Cities and CALSTART, the event gathered representatives from area airports to discuss clean fleet technologies and funding.
January 2016: Oregon Clean Fuels Program, Jordan Ramer of EV Connect Forth
EV Connect provides a cloud-based platform for managing the electric vehicle ecosystem. The platform offers tools for facility owners, drivers, utilities, and other stakeholders. It allows for station management, driver communications, reporting, utility coordination, and other services. EV Connect also helps generate credits under California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard by tracking electricity dispersed and carbon reduced from public charging stations. A case study estimates a sample public charging network could generate over $5,000 in carbon credits in 2016.
Presented by Kevin Wood, CCSE, at the Northern California Green Airport Fleet Partnership Workshop and Expo, June 25, 2014. Co-hosted by East Bay Clean Cities and CALSTART, the event gathered representatives from area airports to discuss clean fleet technologies and funding opportunities.
STEP on the Bus- Session 1.2 - Low Emission Strategy for Scotland_Stephen Tho...STEP_scotland
The Low Emission Strategy for Scotland aims to protect health and the environment through improved air quality. Its mission is to have air quality among the best in Europe through coordinated policies across government to reduce emissions from transportation, climate change, health, development and energy. It establishes a national modeling framework and process for local low emission zones to address air quality issues.
Best Practices & Lessons Learned: Clean Fleets San Diego International Airpor...CALSTART
Brett K. Caldwell, AICP, San Diego International Airport, presented on the airport's experiences and best practices for adopting clean vehicles at the Northern California Green Airport Fleet Partnership Workshop and Expo, June 25, 2014. Co-hosted by East Bay Clean Cities and CALSTART, the event gathered representatives from area airports to discuss clean fleet technologies and funding.
Electrifying Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles by Sarah Ryan Forth
This document summarizes the benefits of electrifying medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. It notes that transportation contributes significantly to global warming and air quality issues. Electrifying vehicles can help drive reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants compared to diesel or CNG vehicles. While the upfront costs of electric vehicles are currently higher, the economics are improving and incentives are helping speed adoption. Manufacturers are increasingly investing in electric technology and fleets are beginning to procure electric trucks and buses, especially with supportive policies from states and local governments.
This document discusses renewable natural gas (RNG), providing examples of RNG production and use cases in Sweden and California. It notes that Swedish biomethane vehicles, including trucks, buses, and cars, have seen 37% annual growth. In California, projects are underway to collect landfill gas and convert it to RNG for use in waste management truck fleets. Barriers to greater RNG use include a lack of supportive policies and incentives, economic challenges like low fossil natural gas prices, and high costs of gas cleanup technology. Actions individuals can take include converting vehicle fleets to natural gas and demanding RNG, as well as engaging with organizations working to advance RNG adoption.
This document outlines a project to optimize water pumping and storage using renewable energy. The project aims to develop an optimization scheme, investigate storage options, formulate a hydraulic model, and incorporate renewable energy sources like solar and wind. The project is managed by a group of 9 students and has 4 clients from Imperial College and Bristol Water. It will develop a solution to schedule pumping to reduce energy costs and carbon emissions while meeting water demands. A hydraulic model will be created and tested to analyze the water distribution system and optimize pumping based on energy costs and carbon impacts. Renewable energy will also be incorporated to help power the system and address the unstable supply of these resources.
Advanced technologies can significantly improve vehicle fuel efficiency. Direct injection, cylinder deactivation, turbocharging and valve timing improve engine efficiency by 1-8%. Additional transmission gears and continuously variable transmissions improve efficiency by 2-4%. Hybrid technologies like start-stop systems, mild hybrids and full hybrids provide efficiency improvements of 2-35%. Reducing vehicle weight and using low rolling resistance tires each improve efficiency 1-3%. Future technologies may further boost efficiency but have not been widely commercialized.
Madrid 21/3/14 Energy audit standards in transportConor Molloy
On behalf of DG Energy, the JRC organized a 1,5-day experts' workshop on energy audits and energy management systems under the Article 8 of the Energy Efficiency Directive.
With an attendance of more than 70 national and industry experts, the objective of this workshop was to provide examples of existing best practices to help prepare the transposition of Article 8 and Annex VI of the EED and explore how these best practices can be useful for the implementation of the mandatory audits for large enterprises.
Are citizens of a Canadian city spending $42 Million in fuel when parked? See what you think.
In 2005 / 2006 a citizen of Halifax, Nova Scotia began studying idling vehicles across his city.
An avid year-round cyclist, bicycling gave a close-up view.
Previously a ‘heavy idler’ himself, this is what he found.
Edwards et al. - 2016 - Energy and time modelling of kerbside waste collectio...Joel Edwards
This study develops a new mathematical model called Municipal Solid Waste Collect (MSW-Collect) to predict the energy and time requirements of kerbside waste collection regimes. The model incorporates local variables to more accurately model waste collection. The model is validated and shown to more accurately predict fuel consumption and truck needs than other common models. The model is used to predict the impacts of adding source separated food waste collection to five scenarios. Results show adding food waste increases fuel use from 1.38-57.59% and requires additional collection trucks for most scenarios. The food waste collection scenarios are analyzed and ranked based on predicted fuel use.
This document summarizes past, current, and planned research on improving the energy efficiency of clothes dryers. It describes several studies conducted between 2009-2013 by organizations like PG&E, NEEA, DOE, NRDC, and CLASP that tested modifications to conventional dryers in laboratories and in homes. Key findings include that a modified conventional dryer can reduce energy use by 20%, that current testing procedures may not accurately predict dryer performance in real-world use, and that heat pump and gas dryers consume less energy than electric dryers. Going forward, more field testing and modified testing procedures are planned to further understand dryer usage and identify additional efficiency opportunities.
University of Birmingham Presentation (2013)HEFContest
The document outlines a proposed plan to develop a hydrogen fueling infrastructure in the Northeast United States between 2013-2025. It discusses implementing the infrastructure in three phases, starting with 18 portable refueling stations by 2015, expanding to 156 permanent stations by 2020, and completing with 646 stations by 2025. The plan estimates a total investment of $5 billion over this period, with most of the costs going towards building the refueling stations. It models the economics and finds the infrastructure could break even by 2040.
This document discusses measures taken by the US, EU, and Japan to reduce air pollution from urban transport. It outlines the main sources of pollution from vehicle exhaust and evaporation. The effects of various pollutants on health are described. Data shows road transport is a major contributor to emissions in these regions. Policies have focused on vehicle emission standards, fuel quality regulations, and incentives for cleaner vehicles and alternative fuels. Continued development of new technologies and infrastructure expansion will be needed to further reduce health impacts from transport pollution.
Improving Energy Efficiency of Transport – Lessons from ESOSEMEX
Cenex is a not-for-profit organization that specializes in low-emission vehicles and energy systems. They helped clients with ESOS compliance by assessing transport energy use. Transport is included in ESOS if the organization directly fuels vehicles. Key lessons included managing expectations, issues with data quality, and the need for senior buy-in for changes. Options to improve efficiency include driver training, vehicle selection policies, and alternative fuels. Future opportunities include using electric vehicles to support building energy systems through vehicle-to-grid technology.
Global Best Practices in Fuel Economy Policies.Vicente Franco, Peter Mock, IC...undprussia
The document discusses global best practices in fuel economy policies. It provides an overview of the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), including their mission to improve vehicle efficiency and reduce emissions. The ICCT works with major vehicle markets worldwide to research regulatory policies and incentives. The document then examines key design aspects of fuel economy standards, comparing programs and targets in various countries and regions. It emphasizes that efficiency standards have been effective at reducing emissions globally and that the ICCT serves as a knowledge hub for local governments.
This document summarizes the findings of the "Moving Cooler" study on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector in the United States. It finds that transportation accounts for over 28% of total US GHG emissions. The study examined a wide range of strategies to reduce emissions, organized into 6 "bundles" including land use and public transportation improvements as well as system efficiency and road pricing. Modeling found aggressive implementation could reduce emissions by 11-18% by 2050, while maximum deployment could achieve reductions of 17-35% through strategies that also offer cost savings and support other social goals. Both near-term and long-term strategies are needed to significantly reduce the cumulative emissions challenge over time.
Transportation, Electric Vehicles and the EnvironmentHector Rodriguez
Transportation is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Personal vehicles, freight trucks, and airplanes account for over 80% of transportation emissions. Several strategies can help reduce these emissions, including telecommuting to reduce commuting, fleet management through driver training and efficient routing, using more fuel-efficient hybrid and electric vehicles, adopting alternative fuels, and implementing designs that reduce vehicle drag. Larger adoption of these approaches could meaningfully lower the environmental impacts of the transportation sector.
January 2016: Oregon Clean Fuels Program, Jordan Ramer of EV Connect Forth
EV Connect provides a cloud-based platform for managing the electric vehicle ecosystem. The platform offers tools for facility owners, drivers, utilities, and other stakeholders. It allows for station management, driver communications, reporting, utility coordination, and other services. EV Connect also helps generate credits under California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard by tracking electricity dispersed and carbon reduced from public charging stations. A case study estimates a sample public charging network could generate over $5,000 in carbon credits in 2016.
Presented by Kevin Wood, CCSE, at the Northern California Green Airport Fleet Partnership Workshop and Expo, June 25, 2014. Co-hosted by East Bay Clean Cities and CALSTART, the event gathered representatives from area airports to discuss clean fleet technologies and funding opportunities.
STEP on the Bus- Session 1.2 - Low Emission Strategy for Scotland_Stephen Tho...STEP_scotland
The Low Emission Strategy for Scotland aims to protect health and the environment through improved air quality. Its mission is to have air quality among the best in Europe through coordinated policies across government to reduce emissions from transportation, climate change, health, development and energy. It establishes a national modeling framework and process for local low emission zones to address air quality issues.
Best Practices & Lessons Learned: Clean Fleets San Diego International Airpor...CALSTART
Brett K. Caldwell, AICP, San Diego International Airport, presented on the airport's experiences and best practices for adopting clean vehicles at the Northern California Green Airport Fleet Partnership Workshop and Expo, June 25, 2014. Co-hosted by East Bay Clean Cities and CALSTART, the event gathered representatives from area airports to discuss clean fleet technologies and funding.
Electrifying Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles by Sarah Ryan Forth
This document summarizes the benefits of electrifying medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. It notes that transportation contributes significantly to global warming and air quality issues. Electrifying vehicles can help drive reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants compared to diesel or CNG vehicles. While the upfront costs of electric vehicles are currently higher, the economics are improving and incentives are helping speed adoption. Manufacturers are increasingly investing in electric technology and fleets are beginning to procure electric trucks and buses, especially with supportive policies from states and local governments.
This document discusses renewable natural gas (RNG), providing examples of RNG production and use cases in Sweden and California. It notes that Swedish biomethane vehicles, including trucks, buses, and cars, have seen 37% annual growth. In California, projects are underway to collect landfill gas and convert it to RNG for use in waste management truck fleets. Barriers to greater RNG use include a lack of supportive policies and incentives, economic challenges like low fossil natural gas prices, and high costs of gas cleanup technology. Actions individuals can take include converting vehicle fleets to natural gas and demanding RNG, as well as engaging with organizations working to advance RNG adoption.
This document outlines a project to optimize water pumping and storage using renewable energy. The project aims to develop an optimization scheme, investigate storage options, formulate a hydraulic model, and incorporate renewable energy sources like solar and wind. The project is managed by a group of 9 students and has 4 clients from Imperial College and Bristol Water. It will develop a solution to schedule pumping to reduce energy costs and carbon emissions while meeting water demands. A hydraulic model will be created and tested to analyze the water distribution system and optimize pumping based on energy costs and carbon impacts. Renewable energy will also be incorporated to help power the system and address the unstable supply of these resources.
Advanced technologies can significantly improve vehicle fuel efficiency. Direct injection, cylinder deactivation, turbocharging and valve timing improve engine efficiency by 1-8%. Additional transmission gears and continuously variable transmissions improve efficiency by 2-4%. Hybrid technologies like start-stop systems, mild hybrids and full hybrids provide efficiency improvements of 2-35%. Reducing vehicle weight and using low rolling resistance tires each improve efficiency 1-3%. Future technologies may further boost efficiency but have not been widely commercialized.
Madrid 21/3/14 Energy audit standards in transportConor Molloy
On behalf of DG Energy, the JRC organized a 1,5-day experts' workshop on energy audits and energy management systems under the Article 8 of the Energy Efficiency Directive.
With an attendance of more than 70 national and industry experts, the objective of this workshop was to provide examples of existing best practices to help prepare the transposition of Article 8 and Annex VI of the EED and explore how these best practices can be useful for the implementation of the mandatory audits for large enterprises.
Are citizens of a Canadian city spending $42 Million in fuel when parked? See what you think.
In 2005 / 2006 a citizen of Halifax, Nova Scotia began studying idling vehicles across his city.
An avid year-round cyclist, bicycling gave a close-up view.
Previously a ‘heavy idler’ himself, this is what he found.
Edwards et al. - 2016 - Energy and time modelling of kerbside waste collectio...Joel Edwards
This study develops a new mathematical model called Municipal Solid Waste Collect (MSW-Collect) to predict the energy and time requirements of kerbside waste collection regimes. The model incorporates local variables to more accurately model waste collection. The model is validated and shown to more accurately predict fuel consumption and truck needs than other common models. The model is used to predict the impacts of adding source separated food waste collection to five scenarios. Results show adding food waste increases fuel use from 1.38-57.59% and requires additional collection trucks for most scenarios. The food waste collection scenarios are analyzed and ranked based on predicted fuel use.
This document summarizes past, current, and planned research on improving the energy efficiency of clothes dryers. It describes several studies conducted between 2009-2013 by organizations like PG&E, NEEA, DOE, NRDC, and CLASP that tested modifications to conventional dryers in laboratories and in homes. Key findings include that a modified conventional dryer can reduce energy use by 20%, that current testing procedures may not accurately predict dryer performance in real-world use, and that heat pump and gas dryers consume less energy than electric dryers. Going forward, more field testing and modified testing procedures are planned to further understand dryer usage and identify additional efficiency opportunities.
University of Birmingham Presentation (2013)HEFContest
The document outlines a proposed plan to develop a hydrogen fueling infrastructure in the Northeast United States between 2013-2025. It discusses implementing the infrastructure in three phases, starting with 18 portable refueling stations by 2015, expanding to 156 permanent stations by 2020, and completing with 646 stations by 2025. The plan estimates a total investment of $5 billion over this period, with most of the costs going towards building the refueling stations. It models the economics and finds the infrastructure could break even by 2040.
This document discusses measures taken by the US, EU, and Japan to reduce air pollution from urban transport. It outlines the main sources of pollution from vehicle exhaust and evaporation. The effects of various pollutants on health are described. Data shows road transport is a major contributor to emissions in these regions. Policies have focused on vehicle emission standards, fuel quality regulations, and incentives for cleaner vehicles and alternative fuels. Continued development of new technologies and infrastructure expansion will be needed to further reduce health impacts from transport pollution.
Improving Energy Efficiency of Transport – Lessons from ESOSEMEX
Cenex is a not-for-profit organization that specializes in low-emission vehicles and energy systems. They helped clients with ESOS compliance by assessing transport energy use. Transport is included in ESOS if the organization directly fuels vehicles. Key lessons included managing expectations, issues with data quality, and the need for senior buy-in for changes. Options to improve efficiency include driver training, vehicle selection policies, and alternative fuels. Future opportunities include using electric vehicles to support building energy systems through vehicle-to-grid technology.
Global Best Practices in Fuel Economy Policies.Vicente Franco, Peter Mock, IC...undprussia
The document discusses global best practices in fuel economy policies. It provides an overview of the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), including their mission to improve vehicle efficiency and reduce emissions. The ICCT works with major vehicle markets worldwide to research regulatory policies and incentives. The document then examines key design aspects of fuel economy standards, comparing programs and targets in various countries and regions. It emphasizes that efficiency standards have been effective at reducing emissions globally and that the ICCT serves as a knowledge hub for local governments.
This document summarizes the findings of the "Moving Cooler" study on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector in the United States. It finds that transportation accounts for over 28% of total US GHG emissions. The study examined a wide range of strategies to reduce emissions, organized into 6 "bundles" including land use and public transportation improvements as well as system efficiency and road pricing. Modeling found aggressive implementation could reduce emissions by 11-18% by 2050, while maximum deployment could achieve reductions of 17-35% through strategies that also offer cost savings and support other social goals. Both near-term and long-term strategies are needed to significantly reduce the cumulative emissions challenge over time.
Transportation, Electric Vehicles and the EnvironmentHector Rodriguez
Transportation is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Personal vehicles, freight trucks, and airplanes account for over 80% of transportation emissions. Several strategies can help reduce these emissions, including telecommuting to reduce commuting, fleet management through driver training and efficient routing, using more fuel-efficient hybrid and electric vehicles, adopting alternative fuels, and implementing designs that reduce vehicle drag. Larger adoption of these approaches could meaningfully lower the environmental impacts of the transportation sector.
This document provides an overview of using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), also known as propane, as a vehicle fuel. It discusses the reduced fleet operating costs of $10,000-$15,000 per vehicle over the vehicle's lifetime from lower fuel prices and reduced maintenance compared to gasoline or diesel. Propane also produces lower emissions that are better for the environment. The U.S. government provides various funding and tax incentives for converting vehicle fleets and fueling infrastructure to use propane. Fleets of all sizes from various industries have successfully converted their vehicles to use propane.
We have a combined experience totaling 50 years in Green technology and commercial applications. With our experienced team of Technical Advisors we are able to reduce operating costs by as much as 50%
Bennett Clayton provides a solution to reduce air pollution from vehicles by retrofitting old, inefficient engines to be more efficient and have lower emissions. Their solution involves retrofitting the engine block to be multi-fuel capable and have ultra-high efficiency and low emissions. This allows a reduction in fuel costs and pollution. They have demonstrated a bus conversion that showed reductions in fuel use, emissions and noise after 2 years of service. Bennett Clayton is seeking partnerships to implement their solutions in cities with high air pollution from vehicles to tackle this global issue.
- Vehicles account for 22% of greenhouse gas emissions in the UK, and vehicle emissions contribute to global environmental degradation. Stricter laws and regulations have been implemented to limit carbon emissions from new vehicles.
- Vehicle manufacturers have implemented various technologies and strategies to reduce emissions, such as particulate traps for diesel engines, improved catalytic converters, hybrid engines, and alternative fuels. Emissions of nitrogen, particulate matter, and carbon dioxide have been significantly reduced.
- While progress has been made, debates continue around implementing increasingly stringent emissions standards without incentives for manufacturers. Manufacturers argue standards may increase costs and prices without proper assessment of economic impacts.
A Fuel Efficiency Horizon for U.S. Automobilesjmdecicco
The document analyzes the potential for improving fuel efficiency in the US automobile fleet through 2035 using evolutionary rather than revolutionary technologies. It finds that a 3x increase in efficiency over 2005 levels, reaching 52 MPG for new vehicles by 2025, can be achieved through widespread adoption of technologies like turbocharged direct injection engines, hybrid systems, and aerodynamic and mass improvements. However, increasing vehicle efficiency is only part of the solution; policies also need to address transportation infrastructure and fuel supply to fully manage emissions. Revolutionary technologies show potential but face higher costs than evolutionary efficiency gains from gasoline and diesel vehicles.
The United States Postal Service has made the most improvements in sustainability out of the major delivery companies based on several criteria. USPS has committed to ambitious sustainability goals around reducing energy use, fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. They have implemented numerous initiatives like increasing their alternative fuel vehicle fleet and optimizing delivery routes. Through these initiatives, USPS has achieved significant reductions in energy use and emissions while saving millions of dollars. However, regulators continue to push for further reductions in environmental impacts from delivery operations.
STEP Summer Seminar 2017 - Jillian Anable, University of Leeds - Influencing ...STEP_scotland
1) The document discusses approaches to improving air quality, noting that while technical analysis of air pollution issues is good, policy action has been lacking. Most local areas now have air quality management areas due to traffic pollution.
2) It argues that focusing solely on improving vehicle efficiency will not solve air quality problems, as total vehicle usage and mobility patterns must also change. Behavior change is necessary, not just technological fixes, and consumer motivations are complex.
3) New mobility services pose challenges and opportunities for reducing emissions if they encourage less private car ownership and use. However, they also risk increasing total travel if they make mobility constantly available. Overall, having faith in the ability to influence travel behaviors through policy may be key
Maria Cordeiro presented on methods for estimating the impact of transport interventions. She outlined opportunities for reducing emissions through integrated approaches like transit-oriented development and cleaner modes. Cordeiro discussed a range of methodologies for impact estimations and provided the example of a bottom-up approach used to estimate an 88% reduction in CO2 emissions and 90% reduction in criteria pollutants from a BRT system in Queretaro, Mexico. She concluded that a bottom-up approach is needed to fully account for impacts, data availability is a major challenge, and most emissions reductions in Queretaro came from optimizing transit services.
Maria Cordeiro presented on methods for estimating the impact of transport interventions. She outlined opportunities for reducing emissions through integrated approaches like transit-oriented development, efficient services, vehicle technology, driving behavior and cleaner fuels. However, cleaner modes, efficient services and emission control technologies do not always reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Cordeiro described a bottom-up approach used to estimate emissions reductions from a bus rapid transit system in Queretaro, Mexico, finding an 88% reduction in CO2 emissions and 90% reduction in criteria pollutants primarily through optimizing transit services. She stressed the importance of using a bottom-up approach tailored to each city's data availability.
Similar to Reducing Emissions from Corporate Fleets (20)
3. What are the sources? U.S. greenhouse gas emissions
4. Why do vehicles matter? Source: EPA. 2007. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2005 (Draft for public review). The 100,000 vehicles in pharmaceutical fleets emit about 900,000 MT CO 2 each year!
5. Factors for vehicle emissions Total carbon emissions Driving Practices Carbon per gallon of fuel Fuel economy
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11. Metrics to Track Progress Total Fleet Emissions Emissions per vehicle Emissions per mile
Fleet vehicles are driven hard, averaging nearly double the mileage, fuel consumption and emissions of personal vehicles. As a result, fleets are not only expensive to operate but are also a major source of global warming pollution. However, there are easy, cost-effective ways for fleets to “go green” and reduce their environmental impacts and operating costs at the same time. This guide presents a proven framework for greening your fleet. Fortune 500 companies, including Abbott, DuPont and Owens Corning have already implemented this framework and are reaping the benefits. The strategies presented here were created by a partnership between one of the world’s largest fleet management services providers, PHH Arval, and a leading national nonprofit organization, Environmental Defense Fund. In its first year, over a dozen companies and 60,000 vehicles benefited from the program.
Global warming is the rise of temperatures as a result of the buildup of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) which trap and reflect heat from the Earth’s surface. Human activities, such as fossil fuel burning and forest clearing, have increasing the atmospheric concentrations of GHGs, causing temperatures to rise and natural climate systems to change. What happens will be determined largely by our actions. The best science says we need to reduce GHG concentrations at least 80% by 2050 in the United States. It will take a lot of work, but this goal is within reach if we start today. Where do these gas come from? 28% of US in transportation Of transportation, 61 Cars and Light Trucks; 20% medium and heavy duty When we focus on “greening,” we need to keep the focus on reducing these greenhouse gas emissions
The United States is responsible for about one quarter of the world’s GHG emissions, despite having 5% of the world’s population. Historically, the United States has been the largest global emitter. The largest source of U.S. emissions is utilities, but this is closely followed by the transportation sector with 27% of total GHG emissions. For information on the sources of greenhouse gases in the U.S, see www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/usinventoryreport.html
Vehicle use is a major contributor to global warming pollution. Passenger vehicles account for over sixty percent transportation emissions. Medium and Heavy duty vehicles account for another twenty percent. Corporate fleets clearly have an important part to play in reducing these emissions. Corporate fleets operate over 10 million cars and light trucks in the U.S. These fleet vehicles are driven an average of 23,000 miles per year – nearly double the mileage, fuel consumption, and corresponding emissions of personal vehicles. As a result, corporate fleets are major consumers of oil and gasoline, sources of air pollution, and contributors to climate change. However, there are opportunities for fleets to reduce these impacts now, while improving their bottom line. That’s what this project is intended to do
Vehicle emissions are the product of three key factors: driving practices, including miles traveled and idling; fuel economy; and the fuel carbon content.
Why Measure? Understand you current fleet impact “What gets measured gets managed” Enables the creation of a baseline and data-based goals Easy to track and report progress Transparent CO2 = 95% of vehicle emissions; others emissions are N20, CH4 and HCFCs Guidance and measuring and emission coefficients available from EPA climate leaders program
TREND: Move from 6cly to 4 cly overwhelming. 4 cl demand has doubled The most important environmental decision a fleet manager makes is which vehicles to have in the fleet. Relatively minor changes in vehicle selection can result in significant environmental—and financial—benefits over time. Consider the following strategies when choosing vehicles for your fleet. Right size—Analyze the operational needs of the fleet and eliminate excess vehicles. Match the duty requirements with the appropriate class and size vehicles. Special features, such as 4-wheel drive and 6- or 8-cylinder engines can increase costs and emissions. Choose “best in class”—Select vehicles with the highest fuel efficiency in their class that meet your organization’s price and performance needs. Evaluate total life cycle costs—Make vehicle selections based on costs over the full life of the vehicle, including acquisition, fuel consumption, depreciation and resale. Use incentives—Consider offering employees popular driver-paid options such as interior upgrades, sunroofs and satellite radio as incentives to select more cost-effective, efficient vehicles.
TREND: 2008 – ONE Company in US working with fleet drivers to reduce ghgs 2009 – TEN companies in US working with drivers; real results are being captured The way a vehicle is driven and maintained affects operating cost, fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions. A few actions in this area can yield significant savings. Educate drivers—Teach your drivers how to be more efficient on the road and drive fewer miles. Speeding, coupled with rapid acceleration and deceleration, for instance, can significantly increase fuel consumption. Idling is another avoidable culprit—ten seconds of idling uses more fuel than re-starting the engine. Improve maintenance—Ramp up your vehicle maintenance program. Regular oil changes, proper tire inflation and other preventive maintenance practices increase fuel efficiency. A dirty air filter can reduce fuel efficiency by 10%, causing higher emissions. Incorporate technology—Take advantage of new technology, such as routing software, GPS systems and fuel management software to maximize efficiency. New telematics products allow for real time monitoring and data collection that can increase safety, reduce idling, cut fuel consumption and decrease emissions.
Of course, even after implementing a green fleet program, your fleet will still produce greenhouse gas emissions—though at reduced levels. However, by investing savings from lower operating costs in high quality carbon offset projects, you can effectively “zero-out” your fleet’s greenhouse gas impact. In most cases, the cost of the offsets will be a good deal lower than the fleet savings you earn. A carbon offset counterbalances the impact of a company’s greenhouse gas emissions by avoiding or storing an equal amount of pollution, often at another site. The idea is that for every ton of emissions “put into” the atmosphere, one ton is “taken out” elsewhere. Since climate change is a global problem, paying for an emission reduction that occurs anywhere in the world helps solve the problem. In essence, by investing in credible offset projects, companies can operate a fleet that has no net global warming impact. Follow these guidelines in purchasing offsets: Understand offsets and priorities—Prior to purchasing offsets, companies should understand how offsets work and how they can help support strategic business goals. Determine your purchase size—Calculate the greenhouse gas emissions for your fleet based on annual fuel usage. To make your fleet “climate neutral,” your offset purchase must be equivalent to your remaining carbon emissions. Review and evaluate available options—Offset quality is an important consideration. Because standards within the offset market are still developing, not all offsets have the same environmental value, which can complicate purchasing decisions. Until uniform standards are established, buy only from trusted suppliers who verify that their offsets meet rigorous criteria. The web site www.carbonoffsetlist.org contains a collections of offset project that meet the rigorous criteria of EDF for carbon offsets. Our criteria require: Emission reductions are achieved with sound methodologies and practices. All emission reduction claims are verified and verifiable by a third party. All emission reductions are permanent. If there is the potential for a reversal, in which emission reductions are returned to the atmosphere in the future, insurance must be maintained to protect against those scenarios. The carbon offset was generated in a way that produced net positive environmental and community impacts. Offsets are serialized and tracked so that they cannot be sold twice. We encourage companies that are considering carbon offsets to visit our list at carbonoffsetlist.org. All transactions initiated through carbonoffsetlist.org are exclusively between the retailer and the purchaser. Environmental Defense Fund does not receive any monetary compensation from these transactions or the featured retailers. The list has been organized alphabetically by project name.
TREND: ~ 50% of fleets report a environmental goal; EDF Benchmarking effort first ever in US. Now that you know you can track your fleet’s fuel use and emissions, share the information—including your successes—with employees, shareholders and the public. Data from your green fleet program can help fulfill reporting needs for your company in programs such as EPA Climate Leaders, the Carbon Disclosure Project and new carbon registries, that are of increasing interest to investors. Make sure your progress in reducing fleet emissions is mentioned in your company’s social responsibility or annual report. Rising energy costs and climate change are dual challenges facing businesses today. These challenges are particularly salient for corporate vehicle fleets. Uncertainties loom—from fluctuating fuel costs to future government regulations. At the same time, customers, shareholders and even employees are pressuring corporate leaders to help solve global environmental problems.
Setting an emission reduction goal for the fleet is a good way to provide a focus and demonstrate a long-term commitment to these efforts. When setting the goal, companies should consider the potential emission benefits of the strategies that are available to their fleet to improve fuel economy and reduce vehicle miles traveled. Based on this information, they should set an aggressive, but achievable reduction goal and timeline. The most environmentally responsible goals aim to achieve an absolute reduction in total fleet emissions. Total greenhouse gas emissions . – The total amount of emissions is the best measurement to assess overall environmental impact. Minimum data requirement : volume of fuel (by type) consumed. EDF-NAFA calculator can estimate non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions from this data. Unit : Metric tons. Greenhouse gases per miles traveled – Miles traveled is one of the leading factors determining vehicle emissions. It’s tough to compare the performance of units or peer entities that have different mileage patterns. This metric allows fleets to make a consideration for mileage, thus enabling comparisons between these groups. Derivatives of this metric include greenhouse gases per a specific mileage quantity (i.e. 100 miles or 10,000 miles) and emissions per kilometer. Minimum data requirement : total emissions and total miles. Unit: kilograms Greenhouse gases per vehicle – This metric represents the average performance of the unit or company-wide vehicles. It is influenced by factors including fuel source, miles travelled and fuel economy. Fleets willing to “deep dive” into their data can produce a similar, unit level metric that will help them track the performance of individual operators of same models and indentify what units contribute most to their overall footprint. Minimum data requirement : total emissions and number of vehicles for total fleet average. For a vehicle-specific number, unit-specific fuel consumption data is required. Unit : Metric tons Greenhouse gases per ton of freight moved – This is a cargo-based metric that quantifies the efficiency of moving goods. By using tons instead of pallets or cases, fleets will ensure that their metric is consistent internally and comparable externally. Minimum data requirement : total emissions and tons of freight moved. Unit : kilograms Cost per metric ton of greenhouse gases reduced – Different emission reduction strategies imply different costs. Some advanced technology vehicles require more capital up front. Driver training courses, routing software and telematics all typically have costs associated with them. Fleets can compare how they are doing in seeking the most cost-effective strategies for reducing emissions by collecting emissions and cost data. Minimum data requirement: Expenditure difference between emission reduction effort and baseline case. This should include both capital expenses (and savings) and operating savings. Total greenhouse gases reduced from baseline. Unit : U.S. dollars spent per metric ton of greenhouse gases reduced. Percentage of vehicles in the fleet that emit less than 15, 10 and 5 tons a year – The greenhouse gas per vehicle metric above is important to assess the average performance of fleets. However, for diverse fleets, it can fail to tell the full story. This metric aims to examine changes in the population of difference fleet segments. In 2008 the average fleet vehicle emitted 15.1 metric tons of greenhouse gases[1]. Using this metric, fleets can see what percentage of their fleet performs better than the average fleet vehicle. By using further benchmarks, such as 5 and 10 tons, fleets can track the evolution of their fleets toward lower emission vehicles. Minimum data requirement : Vehicle specific fuel consumption. Unit : Metric tons Percentage of drivers that match or exceed EPA MPG combined rating – Passenger vehicles are tested by the U.S. EPA for fuel economy. Three numbers are available: city mileage, highway mileage and a combined average that assumes a 60/40 split of city and highway [1]Greener World Media. State of Green Business 2009. Page 44. www.stateofgreenbusiness.com/
Abbott, one of the world’s leading health care companies, was the first to test drive this framework. To encourage its salespeople to switch to more fuel efficient vehicles, Abbott offered incentives such as satellite radios and sunroofs and educated drivers about the environmental impacts of their choices. In the first year of the program, about 20% of Abbott’s sales force has switched to more efficient vehicles. Fuel economy: 4.4% increase GHG emissions: 4.2% decrease Operating costs: 4.1% decrease
Infinity, a leading personal auto insurer, became the first company to operate a climate neutral fleet. It did so by replacing the Jeep Liberty with the Jeep Compass and offsetting the remainder of its emissions by investing in a project that reduces methane emissions on California dairy farms. Fuel economy: 22.0% increase GHG emissions: 13.0% decrease Operating Costs: 10.0% decrease
Owens Corning, a world leader in building materials systems and composite solutions, began implementing this framework. To date, the company has eliminated its least efficient vehicle, “right sized” trucks and SUVs, and incorporated more 4-cylinder vehicles to decrease costs and emissions. Fuel economy: 18.0% increase GHG emissions: 15.8% decrease Operating Costs: 8.0% decrease
The Co-operators, the leading Canadian-owned multiproduct insurance company, applied this framework as part of its sustainability plan. To reduce emissions, it set a new fuel economy requirement for fleet vehicles. The Co-operators also gave all drivers the option of selecting a hybrid vehicle and restricted the ordering of new trucks, vans and 8-cylinder vehicles. Fuel economy: 21.1% increase GHG emissions: 20.5% decrease Operating costs: No change
Saved $8.2 M in fuel costs Avoided over 22,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions, equivalent to taking more than 4,400 cars off the road Improved the efficiency of its fleet (gallons/ton of product moved) by over 4% compared to a 2007 baseline 2008 Results saved $1.2 M in fuel costs avoided over 3,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions, equivalent to taking more than 600 cars off the road improved the efficiency of its fleet (gallons/stop) by almost 9% compared to a 2007 baseline saved more than $4 M in material costs avoided 650 tons of solid waste, equivalent to more than 46 garbage trucks reduced scrap per bed (tons/unit) by 16% compared to a 2007 baseline "As North America's No. 1 bedding manufacturer, it's imperative we take a strong leadership position in protecting and sustaining the environment. In light of the difficult environment for the mattress industry, we continue to make progress in the areas of our business we can control and the Green Portfolio Project further demonstrates Sealy's commitment to cost efficiency, as well as being environmentally responsible." – Larry Rogers, President and CEO, Sealy Abbott, one of the world’s leading health care companies, was the first to test drive this framework. To encourage its salespeople to switch to more fuel efficient vehicles, Abbott offered incentives such as satellite radios and sunroofs and educated drivers about the environmental impacts of their choices. In the first year of the program, about 20% of Abbott’s sales force has switched to more efficient vehicles. Fuel economy: 4.4% increase GHG emissions: 4.2% decrease Operating costs: 4.1% decrease Infinity, a leading personal auto insurer, became the first company to operate a climate neutral fleet. It did so by replacing the Jeep Liberty with the Jeep Compass and offsetting the remainder of its emissions by investing in a project that reduces methane emissions on California dairy farms. Fuel economy: 22.0% increase GHG emissions: 13.0% decrease Operating Costs: 10.0% decrease Owens Corning, a world leader in building materials systems and composite solutions, began implementing this framework. To date, the company has eliminated its least efficient vehicle, “right sized” trucks and SUVs, and incorporated more 4-cylinder vehicles to decrease costs and emissions. Fuel economy: 18.0% increase GHG emissions: 15.8% decrease Operating Costs: 8.0% decrease The Co-operators, the leading Canadian-owned multiproduct insurance company, applied this framework as part of its sustainability plan. To reduce emissions, it set a new fuel economy requirement for fleet vehicles. The Co-operators also gave all drivers the option of selecting a hybrid vehicle and restricted the ordering of new trucks, vans and 8-cylinder vehicles. Fuel economy: 21.1% increase GHG emissions: 20.5% decrease Operating costs: No change