Nursing Foundation

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LEVELS OF DISEASE
PREVENTION
Mr. Melvin Jacob
MSc Nursing

2. PREVENTION
The management of those factors that
could lead to disease so as to prevent the
occurrence of disease .
Goal:-
• To maintain optimal health by preventing
disease
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3. LEVELS OF PREVENTION
TERITIARY
SECONDARY
PRIMARY
PRIMODIAL
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4. PRIMODIAL PREVENTION
• It is the prevention of emergence of risk
factors in population , in which they have
not yet appeared.
• Interventions:
• Health education
– Individual HE
– Mass HE
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5. PRIMARY PREVENTION
Definition:
Primary prevention can be defined as action
taken prior to the onset of disease, which removes
the possibility that a disease will ever occur,
• STRATEGY:
Population (mass) strategy
High risk strategy
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6. Interventions:
• General health promotion :-
–health education.
–Environmental modification.
–Nutritional interventions.
–Lifestyle and behavioural changes.
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7. Specific protection:-
• Immunization (BCG ,DPT, MMR Vaccine)
• Chemoprophylaxis ( tetracycline for cholera,
dapsone for leprosy , chloroquinine for malaria)
• Use of specific nutrients ( vitamin A for
children ,iron and folic acid for pregnant
mothers)
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8. Specific protection:-
• Protection against accidents (use of
helmet , seatbelt etc)
• Protection against occupational hazards
• Avoidance of allergens
• Protection from air pollution.
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10. SECONDARY PREVENTION
Definition:
The action which halts the progress of a
disease at its incipient stage and prevent
complications.
Intervention:
• Early detection.
• Prompt treatment. 10

11. OBJECTIVES
• Complete cure and prevent the progression
of disease process.
• To prevent the spreads of disease by curing
all the known cases.
• To prevent the complications and sequel of
disease.
• To shorten the period of disability.
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13. TERITIARY PREVENTION
Definition:
All measures available to reduce or limit impairment
and disabilities , minimize suffering caused by existing
departures from good health and to promote the patient
adjustment irremediable conditions.
Interventions:
– Disability limitation
– Rehabilitation
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14. Disease
Impairment
Disability
Handicap
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15. Rehabilitation
The action of restoring someone to health or
normal life through training and therapy after
imprisonment, addiction, or illness.
• Medical rehabilitation
• Vocational rehabilitation
• Social rehabilitation
• Psychological rehabilitation
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18. ANY DOUBTS
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