1. MAP --- HIV / AIDS M ODES OF TRANSMISSION, A WARENESS & P REVENTION Dr. N. R. P. REDDY RESIDENT DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY SVIMS

7. Mode of Transmission of HIV In India

8. HIV in Body Fluids Semen 11,000 Vaginal Fluid 7,000 Blood 18,000 Amniotic Fluid 4,000 Saliva 1 Average number of HIV particles in 1 ml of these body fluids

10. Substance Use can increase HIV-risk behaviors and increases risk of mental disorders Mental Disorders may increase impulsivity and impair problem solving, increasing risk for substance use and HIV-risky behaviors HIV/AIDS can increase risk of mental Illness (depression, anxiety, sleep disorders) and substance use disorders COMPLEXITY

13. STRATEGIES OF HIV AND AIDS AWARENESS

17. "AIDS is our number one enemy. This enemy can be defeated. While the research for a cure continues, four principles -- love, support, acceptance and care for those affected -- can make us winners." - Nelson Mandela Heroes Fight Against AIDS

18. HIV Testing Occurs in a Variety of Settings Prevent HIV Infections STI Clinics TB Clinics Hospitals T&C ANC Blood Banks Surveillance Provide care to HIV-affected persons Provide ARV treatment to HIV-infected persons

21. Prevention of HIV Transmission through infected needles and syringes - -Do not use drugs or share needles and syringes - Clean needles and syringes by bleaching powder PRACTICE UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS - For Health professionals - Family members of People Living With HIV and AIDS

22. 3. Prevention of transmission from mother to child 2. Prevention of unwanted pregnancies among HIV+ women (family planning) 1. Primary prevention of HIV in young adults Four Integrated Strategies to Reduce Pediatric AIDS (WHO/UNICEF 4 Pillars of MTCT) 4. MTCT-Plus: care and support for HIV+ women, their infants, and families

28. The AIDS epidemic has taught us to be innovative and to invent new ways of doing things. We now have evidence of HIV prevention strategies that work!

29. However, despite our innovation, inventiveness and compelling evidence of effective strategies, the “killer virus” is still chasing and killing us!

30. Conclusion We should increase our speed and innovativeness to: identify HIV/AIDS prevention strategies with evidence of effectiveness or efficacy, fund them implement them carefully and meticulously evaluate them, to ensure they are effective in the chosen target groups. If necessary, adapt them to local conditions

32. World AIDS Day 2008 STOP AIDS LEADERSHIP LEAD - EMPOWER -DELIVER

33. THANK YOU