"Rainbow Technology"

Introduction How is it Possible Motivation Comparison with other Storage Devices Process of Storing data Implemen
"Data Can Now Be Stored on Paper by Rainbow
Technology using Color Coded Encryption
Algorithm"
Umang Agrawal
(TEB-30)
March 18, 2015
Umang Agrawal (TEB-30)
"Data Can Now Be Stored on Paper by Rainbow Technology using Color Coded Encryption Algorithm"

Introduction
Rainbow Storage is a group of techniques to store digital data
in some colors, color combinations and symbols in Rainbow
Format.
The technique is used to achieve high-density storage. With
the help of Rainbow system we would be watching full-length
high deﬁnition videos from a piece of paper!
The main attraction is the cheap paper. The Rainbow
technology is feasible because printed text, readable by the
human eyes does not make optimal use of the potential
capacity of paper to store data. By printing the data encoded
in a denser way much higher capacities can be achieved.

How is it Possible?
It uses geometric shapes such as squares and hexagons to
represent data patterns, instead of the usual binary method
that uses ones and zeros to represent data.
Files such as text, images, sounds and video clips are encoded
in "rainbow format" as colored circles, triangles, squares and
so on, and printed as dense graphics on paper at a density of
2.7 GB per square inch.
Instead of using 0s and 1s, we use color dots where each color
dot can represent minimum 8 bits (1 byte). The rainbow
picture will be highly compressed and can be represented in
any color medium.

How is it Possible
Figure: Data stored in rainbow format on an ordinary paper.

Motivation
Currently, of the several options available for data storage,
DVDs are the best mode, but are yet expensive.
While a CD costs Rs. 15, his paper or plastic-made RVD will
cost just about Rs. 1.50 and will even have 131 times more
storage capacity.
Using this technology an A4 sheet of paper could store 450 GB
of data. In comparison, a DVD can store 4.7GB of data.
Paper is, of course, bio-degradable, unlike CDs or DVDs. And
sheets of paper also cost a fraction of the cost of a CD or
DVD.

Comparison with other Storage Devices
Figure: Comparison with other Storage Devices

Process of Storing data
Printing at 1,200 dots per inch (DPI) leads to a theoretical
maximum of 1,440,000 colored dots per square inch.
If a scanner can reliably distinguish between 256 unique colors,
the maximum possible storage is approximately 140 megabytes
for a sheet of A4 paper.
If the scanner were able to accurately distinguish between
16,777,216 colors (24 bits, or 3 bytes per dot), the capacity
would triple claims of several hundred gigabytes.

Implementation Requirements
At least one of three things must be true for the claim to be
eﬃcient data storage:
The paper must be printed and scanned at a much higher
resolution than 1,200 Dots per Inch.
The printer and scanner must be able to accurately produce
and distinguish between an extraordinary number of distinct
color values.
The compression scheme used in the data encryption must be
a revolutionary lossless compression algorithm.

Working
Rainbow technology uses two level of conversion procedure:
1)Level-1 Data to DataPicture
2)Level-2 DataPicture to Data

Level-1 Data to DataPicture
Data to DataPicture conversion takes place in four steps:
Input: A chunk of data bits are taken from data source
(Normally Binary file), which is known as a word.
Word to Value Conversion: The word can be converted
into a value that will be unique for each different combination
of bits.
Value to Picture Conversion: A picture will be generated
by representing values as colors.
Error Correction bit Addition: The value then passes
through some error checking mechanisms. After producing
some error correction bits such as Picture Boundary Mapper
(PBM),Universal Picture Dot (UPD) it will attach to the data
picture.
Thus the final output (DataPicture) will be generated.

Level-2 DataPicture to Data
DataPicture to data conversion uses just the reverse process. it is
also takes place in four steps:
Input: DataPicture is taken as an input.
Error Checking and Correction: The parameters like UPD,
PBM, etc are read from the header. Some errors that occur
due to color fading can also be handled at this stage.
DataPicture to value conversion: Some image processing
methods are used in this stage to convert picture to values.
Value to Word Conversion: Value to Word mapping
functions are used for mapping the arrangements done on
actual data. hence the result data will be the original data.

Products from Rainbow Technology
By using Rainbow Storage, we can develop many kinds of products.
They include:
Disposable storage
Rainbow Versatile Disk (RVD)
Rainbow cards
Data centers

Disposable storage
Rainbow storage can be used to achieve Disposable storage. We
can store any kind of data in any kind of media that can represent
color. It can be used as one time storage. We can use bio
degradable materials here (because it is not intended for long
time). This category of products can be used for distribution of
ﬁles, documents, etc. Here we can use even printers, scanners,
cameras and so on as input and output devices.

Rainbow Versatile Disk (RVD)
RVD (Rainbow Versatile Disk) is another product that can be
developed by using Rainbow Storage. We need to develop speciﬁc
drives for reading and writing. It can hold huge amount of data and
it will be very cheap enough to reduce storage price
dramatically.Storage capacity will vary according to the nature of
the mediums used.
Figure: Rainbow Versatile Disks (RVDs)

Rainbow Cards
Rainbow cards can be constructed as a cheap secondary storage
medium for PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant) and other small
digital devices. They can be constructed in many standards and
sizes. The size can vary from visiting card size to the size of a SIM
card. Speciﬁc readers need to be attached with such devices.
Figure: Symbolic Rainbow CardsUmang Agrawal (TEB-30)

Data Centers
Datacenters are the static storage servers that can hold Peta Bytes
of data. It will be a sequential access storage system that can be
used for secondary storage of data. We can construct a data centre
with a cost of around 35 lakhs.
Figure: Symbolic Rainbow Data Centers

Advantages
The extremely low-cost technology will drastically reduce the
cost of storage and provide for high speed storage too.
Files in any format like movie ﬁles, songs, images, text can be
stored using this technology.
It is more conﬁdential then any other storage device.
The biodegradable nature of the storage devices would do
away with the e-waste pollution.
The four main storage devices made using this technology are
RVD, Disposable storage, Data Banks, Rainbow cards.

Advantages
Rainbow cards can be used in mobile devices in place of DVDs
and VCDs.
The rainbow cards can solve this problem. Un-authorized
copies of the ﬁlms can be controlled to a certain limits using
these cards.
Another theme put forward by rainbow technology is the Data
Banks. it is huge server with a high storage capacity.
As per a research project done in US in 2003 to store the
available static data, the server required will cost 500 crore
dollers(Rs.23000 crores). But by using data banks ,a similar
server can be made with Rs.35 lacks.

Disadvantages
The paper has the tendency to fade away hence the data loss
may occur.
With the extremely low cost of using this technology we can
always aﬀord to have multiple copies.

References
Rainbow Technology Decidedly Nurtures Storage Trends
International Journal of Technology and Engineering System
(IJTES) c gopalax-Publisher of International Journals
Color Coded Cryptography International Journal of Scientiﬁc
and Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 7, July-2012 1
ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER c 2012
"Data Can Now Be Stored on Paper" by M. A. Siraj, Arab
News (published November 18, 2006; accessed November 29,
2006)

THANK YOU...

"Rainbow Technology"

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