4. Statistics as a Tool in Decision-Making
• Statistics is defined as a science that
studies data to be able to make a decision.
• Statistics as a science involves the methods
of collecting, processing, summarizing and
analyzing data in order to provide answers
or solutions to an inquiry.
5. Statistics as a Tool in Decision-Making
• One also needs to interpret and
communicate the results of the
methods identified above to support a
decision that one makes when faced
with a problem or an inquiry.
6. • The word “statistics” comes from the
word “state”— because governments
have been involved in the statistical
activities, especially the conduct of
censuses either for military or
taxation purposes.
Trivia:
7. • The need for and conduct of censuses are
recorded in the pages of holy texts.
• In the Christian Bible, particularly the Book of
Numbers, God is reported to have instructed
Moses to carry out a census.
• Another census mentioned in the Bible is the
census ordered by Caesar Augustus throughout
the entire Roman Empire before the birth of
Christ.
Trivia:
8. • Uncovering patterns in data involves
not just science but it is also an art,
and this is why some people may
think “Stat is eeeks!” and may view
any statistical procedures and results
with much skepticism
Trivia:
15. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• As discussed earlier, this question
requires you to gather data to
generate statistics which will serve
as basis in answering the query.
16. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• There should be plan or a design
on how to collect the data so that
the information we get from it is
enough or sufficient for us to
minimize any bias in responding to
the query.
17. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• In relation to the query, we said
earlier that we cannot gather the
data from all dogs and cats. Hence,
the plan is to get representative
group of dogs and another
representative group of cats.
18. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• These representative groups were
observed for some characteristics
like the animal weight, amount of
food in grams eaten per day and
breed of the animal.
19. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• Included in the plan are factors like
how many dogs and cats are
included in the group, how to
select those included in the
representative groups and when to
observe these animals for their
characteristics.
20. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• After the data were gathered, we
must verify the quality of the data
to make a good decision.
21. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• Data quality check could be done
as we process the data to
summarize the information
extracted from the data.
22. Statistical Process in Solving a Problem
• Then using this information, one
can then make a decision or
provide answers to the problem or
question at hand.
23. To summarize, a statistical
process in making a decision
or providing solutions to a
problem include the following:
24. STATISTICAL PROCESS
1.
Planning or designing the
collection of data to answer
statistical questions in a way that
maximizes information content and
minimizes bias;
28. STATISTICAL PROCESS
5.
Examining the summary statistics
so that insight and meaningful
information can be produced to
support decision-making or
solutions to the question or
problem at hand.
29. Summary:
1.Planning or designing the collection of data to answer
statistical questions in a way that maximizes information
content and minimizes bias;
2.Collecting the data as required in the plan;
3.Verifying the quality of the data after they were collected;
4.Summarizing the information extracted from the data;
5.Examining the summary statistics so that insight and
meaningful information can be produced to support
decision-making or solutions to the question or problem
at hand.
30. CONCLUSION
• Hence, several activities make up a statistical process
which for some the process is simple but for others it
might be a little bit complicated to implement.
• Also, not all questions or problems could be answered by
a simple statistical process. There are indeed problems
that need complex statistical process.
• However, one can be assured that logical decisions or
solutions could be a formulated using a statistical
process.
31. KEY POINTS
• Difference between questions that could be
and those that could not answered using
Statistics.
• Statistics is a science that studies data.
• There are many uses of Statistics but its main
use is in decision-making.
• Logical decisions or solutions to a problem
could be attained through a statistical
process.
32. ASSESMENT:
Identify which of the following
questions are answerable using a
statistical process. Write YES if it is
answerable using a statistical process,
otherwise, NO.
