Photovoltaic water pumping systems convert solar energy into electrical energy to power the water pump. Solar water pumping technology can be considered a promising alternative to electricity, diesel, or gasoline-based pumping systems as they are cost-effective and environment friendly. Solar pumping systems make it possible to collect water from a source (river, basin, well …) even if no energy source is present on the site. Often used to provide drinking water, irrigation or to fill reservoirs, these systems allow access to water in the most remote areas. Photovoltaic water pumping systems convert solar energy into electrical energy to power the water pump. Solar water pumping technology can be considered a promising alternative to electricity, diesel, or gasoline-based pumping systems as they are cost-effective and environment friendly. Solar pumping systems make it possible to collect water from a source (river, basin, well …) even if no energy source is present on the site. Often used to provide drinking water, irrigation or to fill reservoirs, these systems allow access to water in the most remote areas.

1. 1
PV BASED WATER PUMPING SYSTEM
WITH GRID SUPPORT

2. 2
CONTENTs
Problem definition
Objective of the project
Problem background
 Traditional solutions
 Constraints in old methods

3. Proposed model
Operating modes
Inverter control
MATLAB design of case study
Results and discussion
conclusion

4. Problem definition
• Seventy five percent of total global energy demand
is supplied by the burning of fossil fuels.
• Necessary to look towards renewable sources as a
future energy solution.
• At least agricultural loads can be operated with
solar photo voltaic modules
• Combined solution(PV+DC-DC+VSI+PMSM)

5. Objective of the paper
• The main objective of my project is to design stand
alone solar PV supplied PMSM drive for water
pumping system.
• An interlink Boost converter is used between solar
PV panel and DC bus of PMSM drive to maintain
constant dc voltage at dc link of VSI
• Three phase VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) is
controlled to supply PMSM under change in solar
irradiation to regulate discharge of water.

6. Problem background
• 80% of power by TPS
• 14% by nuclear power systems
• 6% by renewable resources
• In India 80% of power produced by TPS
• Losses
• 60% at generating station
• 21% at T&D systems
• 19% is electrical output
• Saving of 1KW of electrical power at load centre =
saving of input fuel energy required to produce 6KW of
electrical

7. Proposed model

8. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
• The proposed system consists PV based PMSM
drive for water pumping system.
• The proposed system consists of solar PV
panel, a boost converter, a three phase VSI
(Voltage Source Inverter)and a PMSM coupled
with a centrifugal water pump.

9. • An individual PV cell is usually quite small, typically producing
about 1 or 2W of power.
• To increase the power output of PV cells, these cells are
connected in series and parallel to assemble larger unit called PV
module.
• The PV array is connected to the DC to DC boost converter to
increase the output voltage level.
• The constant DC voltage is converted to the AC output using a VSI.
Reference speed of PMSM is a function of solar irradiation.

10. DESIGN OF PV BASED PMSM DRIVE
1. Design of PV Array:
 The PV panel is designed for a 1.5 kW peak power
capacity.
 One solar module consists of 36 cells in series. Each
cell has an open circuit voltage of 0.6V and short
circuit current of 4 A.
 Its one module has an open circuit voltage of 21.67 V
and short circuit current of 4 A.

11. DESIGN OF PV BASED PMSM DRIVE
• For the desired output voltage and current,
the proposed SPV power generating system
consists of 3 modules in parallel and 11
module in series to form a SPV array. This PV
array can produce maximum 1.5 Kw power.

12. 2. Design of Boost Converter:
 The boost converter is used to feed the active
power from PV array to the DC link capacitor
connected VSI fed PMSM.
The value of a boost inductor L is given as
• L =VPV D/2*Δi*fs =2.67 mH

13. Design of Boost Converter
• where D is duty cycle,
• Vpv is output voltage of PV array,
• fsw is switching frequency,
• Δi is ripple in output current of PV array.
• Considering Vpv =198.99V, Δi=10% of PV
current and fsw =15 kHz,
• The value of L is obtained as 2.67 mH.

14. Voltage Source Inverter
• The apparent power rating of a VSI is given as,
• S=√ P2+ Q2
• It is obtained as 1500 VA. The rms current
through a VSI is given as,
• I VSI =kW * 10 ³/ √ 3Vm =2.165A

15. CONTROL SCHEME
1.control of boost converter to maintain
constant DC link voltage.
2. control of VSI in vector oriented mode to
achieve fast dynamic response under change
in solar irradiances and load conditions.

16. Dc link voltage conrol
• From a PV operation point of view, you need
to control the DC link voltage in order to
control the output voltage of the PV panel and
force it to the value of maximum power point
as per the solar irradiation and cell
temperature parameters.

17. Control of Boost Converter

18. • The DC bus voltage and the output of the DC
PI controller is used to estimate the DC
voltage rror at the kth sampling instant is as

19. • The output of the DC PI controller at the kth
sampling instant is expressed as,
• where kpa and kia are the proportional and
integral gain constants of the PI controller

20. • Vdce (k) and Vdce (k-1) are the DC bus voltage
errors in the kth and (k-1)th.
• I* pv (k) and I* pv (k-1) are output of DC PI
controller in the kth and (k-1)th instant
needed for voltage control.
• The reference and actual PV bus current are
used to estimate the PV bus current error at
the kth sampling instant as,

21. The PV bus current error (Ipve) is amplified
using gain K and compared with fixed
frequency carrier signal to generate switching
signals for IGBT used in boost converter.

22. Control of VSI
• Reference motor speed (ω* r) is the function
of solar irradiation and used to track the
maximum power.
• Reference speed is compared with the
measured rotor speed (ωr) and it provided
speed error ωe.

23. • Speed error is processed using the speed PI
controller, which provide the reference
electromagnetic torque (T*ref). The reference
torque (T* ref) is used to generate reference
qaxis current (i*q) as follows.

24. • Speed error is processed using the speed PI
controller, which provide the reference
electromagnetic torque (T*ref). The reference
torque (T* ref) is used to generate reference
qaxis current (i*q) as follows,

25. • Similarly, from the sensed rotor speed of the
PMSM, magnitude of d-axis PMSM current (i*
d) is obtained which is consider zero below
rated speed.
• i*d =0

26. Reference current generation
• Three-phase reference PMSM currents (i*a, i*
b, i*c) are obtained using i*d and i* q and the
rotor angular position in electrical rad/sec by
inverse park transformation.

27. Pulse generation
• Three phase reference currents (i* a, i* b, i*c) are
compared with sensed PMSM currents (ia, ib, ic) and
resulting current errors are fed to the PWM current
controller for generating the switching signals.

28. PV based PMSM drive during
starting

29. control circuit for Dc/Dc to
converter.

30. control circuit for Speed control of
the motor

31. Wave forms

32. PMSM drive under change in solar
irradiation

33. Wave forms

34. proposed converter with constant
irradiation

35. Constant Irradiation for PV Cell.

36. Wave forms

37. Extension
Grid connected mode
• The solar PV system is used to transfer the
power to the grid, when motor is off.. The
controller must act to maintain the DC bus
voltage constant as possible and improve the
stability of the whole system.

38. Extension
Grid connected mode
• Output voltage waveform of Grid interface
inverter

39. output waveform of active and
reactive power Injection to grid

40. CONCLUSION
• A stand alone solar PV system has been
modelled for the PMSM drive used in water
pumping system. Solar PV water-pumping
systems are simple, reliable, conserve energy
and need less maintenance. It has been
demonstrated that proposed system provide
satisfactory control on motor speed for water
pumping under wide change in solar
irradiation.