This document discusses psychological perspectives and educational psychology. It outlines several major psychological perspectives including psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, biological, cultural, evolutionary, and humanistic. It defines educational psychology as the branch of psychology concerned with learning processes and psychological problems in teaching. The roles of psychology in learning and teaching are to understand how people learn using different learning styles and to help teachers guide students effectively. Educational psychology is important for curriculum development, evaluating learners, understanding the learning process, and creating optimal learning situations.

1. PSYCHOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE AND
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

2. Table of contents
> 4 Psychological Perspective
> 4.1 Educational Psychology:
concept and meaning
> 4.2 Role of Psychology in Learning
> 4.3 Role of Psychology in Teaching

3. PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Psychological perspective is a specific
approach to observing and
understanding human behavior which
can contain various theories.
Psychological perspective utilize a
variety of perspectives when studying
how people think, feel, and behave.

4. Major Perspectives in Modern
Psychology

5. Psychodynamic Perspective
> By Sigmund Freud
> View of psychology and human behavior emphasizes
the role of the
1. Unconscious mind
2. Early childhood experiences
3. Interpersonal relationships
> to explain human behavior, as well as to treat mental
illnesses.

6. Key Element of Psychodynamic
Perspective
> id, ego, super ego
> id includes all the primal and unconscious desires.
> Ego must deal with the demands of the real world.
> Superego to develop and is tasked with managing all
of our internalized morals, standards, and ideals.

7. Behavioral Perspective
> By Edward Thorndike and John B. Watson
> Behaviorism differs from other perspectives because
it focuses solely on observable behaviors rather than
on emphasizing internal states.
Cognitive Perspective
> By Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura
> Focuses on mental processes like memory, thinking,
problem-solving, language, and decision-making

8. Biological Perspective
> How genetics influence behavior or how damage to
specific areas of the brain affect personality.
Cultural Perspective
> How culture influences our thinking and behavior.
> For example, researchers have looked at how
social behaviors differ in individualistic and
collectivistic cultures.

9. Evolutionary Perspective
> The evolutionary perspective suggests that these
mental processes exist because they serve an
evolutionary purpose—meaning that they aid in
human survival and reproduction.
Humanistic Perspective
> By Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
> Humanist perspective focus on what drives
humans to grow, change, and develop their
personal potential.

10. Educational Psychology
> Theoretical and research branch of modern
psychology, concerned with the learning processes
and psychological problems associated with the
teaching and training of students.
Concept
Definition
> Deals with problems occurring in educational field
and tries to solve those problems.
significant purposes of educational psychology
is to encourage and promote teaching and
learning methods
Significant purposes

11. Nature of Educational Psychology
> Educational Psychology by its nature is treated as a
science. It seeks to make its subject matter scientific and
exact by utilizing special means and appliances
Positive science
> It is not a normative science which deals with things as
should be. It studies the child’s growth and development as
they are.
Behavioral science
> It employs scientific methods and adopts a scientific
approach for studying the learner’s behaviour
Educational Psychology is a

12. Educational Psychology is
Applied science
> Applies the psychological principles and methods in the field
of education
Social science
> Like any other social science it studies human beings
relating to education.

13. Role of Psychology in Learning
> Focused on identifying and studying learning
methods to better understand how people absorb
and retain new information.
> Development of the learner
> Effective learning experiences
> External environment
> Personality development
> Mental well-being
> Adapting to changing education landscape
> Developing a changing curriculum
> Redesigning teaching for special needs

14. Role of Psychology in Learning
> Educational psychology is an emerging branch of
psychology that has become quite popular in the past
few years. It applies psychological principles to
understand how people
> learn. Every individual’s mind takes in information
differently. Knowing how a person’s mind works to
help them understand concepts better, gets us closer
to achieving the best result. Educational psychology
comes in handy here and boosts learning outcomes
and teaching processes.

15. Role of Psychology in Teaching
> It enables a teacher that how learning process should be
initiated,
i. How to motivate,
ii. How to memorize or learn.
> It helps teachers to guide the students in right direction in
order to canalized student’s abilities in right direction.

16. Importance of Educational psychology
for teacher
> • Educational Psychology helps teacher to know
that how learning takes place.
> • It enables a teacher that how learning process
should be initiated, how to motivate, how to
memorize or learn.
> • It helps teachers to guide the students in right
direction in order to canalized student’s abilities in
right direction.
> • It informs a teacher, about the nature of the
learners and his potentialities.

17. Cont…..
> It helps a teacher to develop a student personality because
the whole educational process is for student’s personality
development.
> It helps a teacher to adjust his methodologies of learning to
the nature / demand of the learner.
> It enables a teacher to know the problems of individual
differences and treat every student on his / her merit.
> It helps a teacher that how to solve the learning problems of
a student.
> It helps a teacher that how to evaluate a students that
whether the purpose of teaching & learning has been
achieved.

18. Learner
> Educational Psychology studies various factors which
have impacts upon students, which may include
 Home environment,
 Social groupings,
 Peer groups,
 His / her emotional sentiments, and mental hygiene
etc.
> Various methods are used in order to get the desired
data about the learner in order to know about him /
her mentality and behavior and its manifestations.

19. The Learning Process
> Here educational psychology
investigates that
 How information
 And knowledge
> be transferred and what kinds of
methodologies should be used for
that purpose

20. Learning Situation
> Educational Psychology studies the factors
which are situational in nature that
> How environment like of classroom be managed
And
> How discipline be maintained.
> Besides it, it studies various Audio Video Aids &
its role in facilitating the teaching learning
process.

21. Curriculum Development
> Educational psychology helps curriculum
developers that what
 Kind of curriculum should be made
 And
 What kinds of content be given to teachers
to transfer
> to the next generation

22. Evaluation Techniques
> Educational psychology helps educators that
 what kinds of evaluation techniques should
be used to test the learner
> that to what extend information and concept
have been transferred

23. Reference
> • https://study.com/learn/lesson/psychological-
perspectives.
> • https://www.verywellmind.com/perspectives-in-modern-
psychology-2795595
> • https://www.britannica.com/science/educational-
psychology
> • http://detsndt.ac.in/nmeict-files/nmeict-
summary/edupsycho/ep1/1.1/
> • https://blog.teachmint.com/educational-psychology/